CN110829458A - Synchronous intelligent sub-compensation capacitor - Google Patents

Synchronous intelligent sub-compensation capacitor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110829458A
CN110829458A CN201911267884.6A CN201911267884A CN110829458A CN 110829458 A CN110829458 A CN 110829458A CN 201911267884 A CN201911267884 A CN 201911267884A CN 110829458 A CN110829458 A CN 110829458A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
circuit
capacitor
phase
synchronous
current
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Pending
Application number
CN201911267884.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
林锡洪
林佳昊
李伟
李文杰
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Hengyi Electric Group Co Ltd
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Hengyi Electric Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201911267884.6A priority Critical patent/CN110829458A/en
Publication of CN110829458A publication Critical patent/CN110829458A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1821Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
    • H02J3/1835Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
    • H02J3/1864Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein the stepless control of reactive power is obtained by at least one reactive element connected in series with a semiconductor switch
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/16Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30Reactive power compensation

Abstract

The invention discloses a synchronous intelligent branch-compensating capacitor, which comprises a three-phase four-wire input power supply, a synchronous switching structure, an open-phase regulating circuit connected with the three-phase four-wire input power supply, a power circuit connected with the open-phase regulating circuit, a signal processing circuit connected with the three-phase four-wire input power supply through a sampling circuit, an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) processor connected with the signal processing circuit and a branch-compensating capacitor, wherein the synchronous switching structure is connected with the branch-compensating capacitor, the control end of the MCU processor is connected with the synchronous switching structure, and the MCU processor is also connected with a communication circuit and a user interaction unit. The invention has reasonable structure arrangement, is beneficial to maintenance and capacity expansion, ensures the use stability and reliability, carries out real-time abnormal removal protection, can detect the temperature of the capacitor and the breaker switch in real time, can remove the capacitor when the temperature is overhigh, ensures the use safety, and has strong applicability and good practicability.

Description

Synchronous intelligent sub-compensation capacitor
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of reactive power compensation of low-voltage power grids, and particularly relates to a synchronous intelligent sub-compensation capacitor.
Background
The electrical loads in the grid are mostly inductive loads, such as motors and the like. In addition, because load distribution is unbalanced and reactive phases are unbalanced, the common compensation capacitor cannot compensate or a certain phase is overcompensated, and the other phases are undercompensated, which are problems to be solved urgently. And along with the development of smart power grids, higher technical requirements are provided for reactive compensation, the smart capacitor is required to be communicated with the intelligent monitoring terminal, the compensation effect and the capacitance state can be checked through a remote background, meanwhile, the power grid faults can prompt an alarm, and the intelligent monitoring terminal can realize comprehensive monitoring with some switch devices, metering devices and the like, and the intelligent monitoring terminal does not influence each other, can realize normal work in case of lack of phase, and cannot influence communication and measurement. In the field of reactive power compensation, a discrete device fuse, a fling-cut switch, a capacitor and a power factor controller form a compensation system, the system is complex, the wiring is more, and faults are easily caused; the main stream intelligent capacitor is generally supplied by two-phase AC, and when the A phase or the C phase is lacked, the intelligent capacitor loses power and cannot work; the other intelligent capacitors adopt a mode of a compound switch to switch the capacitors, so that the cost of silicon controlled rectifiers in the compound switch is high, products are unsmooth, and faults of the intelligent capacitors are easily caused; the current products switched by the synchronous relay generally do not have relay time measurement and feedback control, only carry out fixed compensation simply according to the switching-on and switching-off time of the relay, and when the environment changes, if the switching-on and switching-off time of the relay changes, the switching zero crossing point is deviated, and the phenomenon of inrush current increasing occurs; in addition, some products, single nixie tube display, single fling-cut switch, fixed parameters, and some special occasions, the parameters can not be adjusted to adapt to the field environment, so that the alarm is not compensated, and the applicability and the practicability are limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a synchronous intelligent sub-compensation capacitor which is reasonable in structural arrangement and high in applicability.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is that the synchronous intelligent branch-and-supplement capacitor comprises a three-phase four-wire input power supply, a synchronous switching structure connected with the three-phase four-wire input power supply, a phase failure regulating circuit connected with the three-phase four-wire input power supply, and a power circuit connected with the phase failure regulating circuit, wherein the output end of the power circuit is connected with the synchronous switching structure, the synchronous switching structure is also provided with a signal processing circuit connected with the three-phase four-wire input power supply through a sampling circuit, and an MCU processor branch-and-supplement capacitor connected with the signal processing circuit, the synchronous switching structure is connected with the branch-and-supplement capacitor, the control end of the MCU processor is connected with the synchronous switching structure, and the MCU processor is also connected with a communication circuit and a user interaction unit.
The branch-compensation capacitor comprises three capacitors and is arranged in a star shape, one ends of the three capacitors are electrically connected with the N phase, the other ends of the three capacitors are electrically connected with the A phase, the B phase and the C phase respectively, a temperature probe is fixed in each capacitor, and the temperature probe is connected with the MCU processor.
The synchronous switching structure comprises a synchronous magnetic latching relay, a circuit breaker and a switching-on/off time detection circuit, the switching-on/off time detection circuit is connected with the MCU processor, a circuit breaker switch temperature detector is arranged on the circuit breaker, and the circuit breaker switch temperature detector is connected with the MCU processor.
The sampling circuit comprises a sampling circuit, a capacitor over-temperature protection circuit, a current over-harmonic protection circuit, a capacitor over-temperature protection circuit and a capacitor attenuation protection circuit, wherein the sampling circuit is connected with the sampling circuit, the capacitor over-current protection circuit, the voltage over-harmonic protection circuit, the current over-harmonic protection circuit, the capacitor over-temperature protection circuit and the capacitor attenuation protection circuit are connected with the MCU processor, the current transformer measures input capacitor current in real time, the difference between actual current and rated current is obtained through the MCU processor, and the capacitor over-current protection circuit or the capacitor attenuation protection circuit is started.
The communication circuit comprises two RS485 interfaces and communication indicating lamps are arranged on the RS485 interfaces.
The power supply circuit comprises a step-down transformer and a rectification voltage stabilizer, wherein the output voltage of the rectification voltage stabilizer is 24V direct current, 5V positive and negative and 5V voltage for the communication circuit.
The user interaction unit comprises a segment code liquid crystal sheet with an indicator light and a key and a warning buzzer, is used for realizing measurement parameter display and capacitance state display, and adjusts the parameter setting of the compensation capacitor through the key.
The model of a main chip of the MCU processor is STM8S207RB, and the model of the main chip of the driving synchronous magnetic latching relay is RY 8023.
The sampling circuit comprises a voltage transformer and a secondary current transformer which are connected with a three-phase four-wire input power supply, wherein the voltage transformer converts a high-voltage signal into an isolated low-voltage signal and an input current signal of the secondary current transformer, the isolated low-voltage signal and the input current signal are transmitted to the signal processing circuit, and the isolated low-voltage signal and the input current signal are transmitted to the MCU processor after being processed by the signal processing circuit.
The phase-failure regulating circuit is realized by adopting a cross-over capacitor, the capacitance value is 2uf-10uf of each phase, the star connection is adopted, the zero line is connected with a neutral point, and when the A or C phase is in power failure, a loop is formed by the capacitor of the phase and the zero line to supply power, so that the normal operation is realized. The invention has the positive effects that: the invention has reasonable structure and arrangement, simple structure and small volume, is convenient for wiring and installation, is also favorable for maintenance and expansion, can realize normal measurement and display of the capacitor in any phase of power failure, ensures the use stability and reliability, is accurate in zero crossing point control, is favorable for reducing inrush current, is convenient for users to carry out interactive design, realizes accurate reactive compensation, measures the internal temperature and current of the capacitor in real time, carries out abnormal cutoff protection in real time, can detect the temperature of the capacitor and a breaker switch in real time, can cut off the capacitor when the temperature is overhigh, prevents fire accidents, ensures the use safety, and has strong applicability and good practicability.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structural block of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a specific circuit diagram of the pull-on/off time detection circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a specific circuit diagram of the synchronous switching structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a specific circuit diagram of the communication circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
(example 1)
Fig. 1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention, wherein fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a specific circuit diagram of the pull-on/off time detection circuit of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a specific circuit diagram of the synchronous switching structure according to the present invention; FIG. 4 is a specific circuit diagram of the communication circuit of the present invention.
See fig. 1 to 4, a synchronous type intelligence divides mends condenser, including three-phase four-wire input power 1 and with synchronous switching structure 2 that three-phase four-wire input power is connected, still include with the phase failure regulating circuit 3 that three-phase four-wire input power is connected, with power supply circuit 4 that phase failure regulating circuit is connected, power supply circuit's output with synchronous switching structure is connected, still be provided with signal processing circuit 5 that three-phase four-wire input power is connected through sampling circuit 12, with MCU treater 6 that signal processing circuit is connected divides mends condenser 7, synchronous switching structure with divide mends the condenser and be connected, the control end of MCU treater with synchronous switching structure is connected and still be connected with communication circuit 8, user interaction unit 9 on the MCU treater. In this embodiment, the signal processing circuit supplies power by using positive and negative 5 volts, and 2.5 volts is used as a reference, and the negative half cycle of the input voltage and current signal is raised by 2.5 volts, so as to facilitate sampling by the MCU and respectively collect phase voltage and phase current and power factor. The phase failure regulating circuit does not increase active power, breaks any phase, does not affect the measurement display and communication of the intelligent capacitor, has low phase voltage after phase failure, does not affect the phase failure judgment of other equipment, and can be internally arranged in the sub-compensation capacitor or externally arranged, and is flexible to apply. The MCU processor calculates power grid parameters through full-wave sampling, controls the switching of a synchronous switch according to the magnitude of reactive power and the capacity of a capacitor, realizes accurate reactive compensation, measures the internal temperature and current of the capacitor in real time, carries out real-time abnormal removal protection, simultaneously indicates the state and the working state of the capacitor through a user interaction part, and changes the setting parameters by using keys according to the condition of the power grid so as to adapt to the condition of the power grid site; the 485 communication of isolation between the condenser, between condenser and the controller, automatic network deployment forms the compensating system of bigger capacity, and another way 485 signal is reserve, can insert remote monitoring platform or TTU intelligent terminal. The branch compensation capacitor 7 comprises three capacitors and the three capacitors are arranged in a star shape, one ends of the three capacitors are electrically connected with the N phase, the other ends of the three capacitors are electrically connected with the A phase, the B phase and the C phase respectively, a temperature probe 10 is fixed in each capacitor, and the temperature probe is connected with the MCU processor. And a three-phase four-wire star connection method is adopted, so that the phase compensation can be performed in a split-phase mode, and if three phases are simultaneously input, the compensation can be performed together. The capacitor is internally provided with a pressure switch, and after the capacitor is out of shape due to faults, the switch can be pulled off to separate the capacitor from a power grid so as to avoid accidents.
Synchronous switching structure 2 includes synchronous magnetic latching relay, circuit breaker and draws closing time detection circuitry, draw closing time detection circuitry with the MCU treater is connected be provided with circuit breaker switch thermodetector on the circuit breaker, circuit breaker switch thermodetector with the MCU treater is connected. The measurement of the switching-on and switching-off time of the relay is realized, self-adaptive feedback control is formed, the input of a voltage zero crossing point is ensured, and the current zero crossing point is cut off.
The A phase and the N phase of the sub-compensation capacitor are respectively provided with a through current transformer 11 connected with the sampling circuit, and the current transformer further comprises a capacitance over-current protection circuit, a voltage over-harmonic protection circuit, a current over-harmonic protection circuit, a capacitance over-temperature protection circuit and a capacitance attenuation protection circuit which are connected with the MCU processor, wherein the capacitance over-temperature protection circuit is connected with capacitors in the sub-compensation capacitor, the current transformer measures input capacitance current in real time, obtains the difference between actual current and rated current through the MCU processor, and starts the capacitance over-current protection circuit or the capacitance attenuation protection circuit. The method has the advantages that various protections are provided, such as voltage over-harmonic, current over-harmonic, three-phase voltage unbalance, over-temperature of capacitor, overvoltage, undervoltage, loss of synchronous signals and the like, a current transformer is respectively arranged on a phase A and a zero line of a circuit, the capacitor current is measured and input in real time, and if the current difference between the actual current and the rated capacity is large, the current is abnormal, and the capacitor is cut off through overcurrent or undercurrent so as to avoid accidents.
The communication circuit comprises two RS485 interfaces and communication indicating lamps are arranged on the RS485 interfaces.
The power supply circuit comprises a step-down transformer and a rectification voltage stabilizer, wherein the output voltage of the rectification voltage stabilizer is 24V direct current, 5V positive and negative and 5V voltage for the communication circuit. The power supply circuit is a single-path input and three-path output, alternating current AC 380V is converted into direct current 24V, the power supply is a 5V power supply with positive and negative 5V and isolated communication, in order to adapt to the condition that any phase is lacked, the intelligent sub-compensation capacitor can work, the output voltage of the transformer is relatively high, and the voltage range is wide.
The user interaction unit comprises a segment code liquid crystal sheet with an indicator light and a key and a warning buzzer, is used for realizing measurement parameter display and capacitance state display, and adjusts the parameter setting of the compensation capacitor through the key. The user interaction part is a segment code liquid crystal display and an indicator light key to realize measurement parameter display and capacitance state display, and parameter setting of the compensating capacitor can be changed through the key to adapt to different application occasions. Optionally, a buzzer is arranged for alarming, the buzzer is of a direct-current low-power consumption intermittent sounding type, when a capacitor alarms or a line alarms, the buzzer buzzes, and after the alarm disappears, the buzzer stops sounding.
The model of a main chip of the MCU processor is STM8S207RB, and the model of the main chip of the driving synchronous magnetic latching relay is RY 8023. By adopting the STM8S207RB, the temperature drift of the external crystal oscillator is small and more stable; and the chip has large capacity, strong function and flexible use, and basically meets the actual requirement. The integrated circuit RY8023 is high in power and simple and reliable in circuit.
The sampling circuit 12 comprises a voltage transformer 121 and a secondary current transformer 122 which are connected with a three-phase four-wire input power supply, wherein the voltage transformer converts a high-voltage signal into an isolated low-voltage signal and transmits the input current signal of the secondary current transformer to a signal processing circuit, and the isolated low-voltage signal and the input current signal of the secondary current transformer are transmitted to an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) processor after being processed by the signal processing circuit.
The phase-failure regulating circuit is realized by adopting a cross-over capacitor, the capacitance value is 2uf-10uf of each phase, the star connection is adopted, the zero line is connected with a neutral point, and when the A or C phase is in power failure, a loop is formed by the capacitor of the phase and the zero line to supply power, so that the normal operation is realized. The phase failure regulating circuit does not increase active power, breaks any phase, does not affect the measurement display and communication of the intelligent capacitor, has low phase voltage after phase failure, does not affect the phase failure judgment of other equipment, and can be internally arranged in the sub-compensation capacitor or externally arranged and flexibly applied.
The invention has reasonable structure and arrangement, simple structure and small volume, is convenient for wiring and installation, is also favorable for maintenance and expansion, can realize normal measurement and display of the capacitor in any phase of power failure, ensures the use stability and reliability, is accurate in zero crossing point control, is favorable for reducing inrush current, is convenient for users to carry out interactive design, realizes accurate reactive compensation, measures the internal temperature and current of the capacitor in real time, carries out abnormal cutoff protection in real time, can detect the temperature of the capacitor and a breaker switch in real time, can cut off the capacitor when the temperature is overhigh, prevents fire accidents, ensures the use safety, and has strong applicability and good practicability.
The standard parts used in the present embodiment may be purchased directly from the market, and the non-standard structural components described in the specification and drawings may be obtained by processing without any doubt according to the common general knowledge in the art, and the connection manner of the respective parts is by the conventional means developed in the art, and the machines, parts and equipment are of the conventional type in the art, so that the detailed description thereof is omitted.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And such obvious changes and modifications which fall within the spirit of the invention are deemed to be covered by the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a synchronous type intelligence divides mends condenser, include three-phase four-wire input power and with the synchronous switching structure that three-phase four-wire input power is connected, its characterized in that: still include with the phase failure regulating circuit that three-phase four-wire input power is connected, with the power supply circuit that phase failure regulating circuit is connected, power supply circuit's output with synchronous switching structure is connected, still be provided with the signal processing circuit that three-phase four-wire input power is connected through sampling circuit, with the MCU treater that signal processing circuit is connected divides the benefit condenser, synchronous switching structure with divide and mend the condenser and be connected, the control end of MCU treater with synchronous switching structure is connected and is in still be connected with communication circuit, user interaction unit on the MCU treater.
2. A synchronous intelligent partial-complement capacitor as recited in claim 1, wherein: the branch-compensation capacitor comprises three capacitors and is arranged in a star shape, one ends of the three capacitors are electrically connected with the N phase, the other ends of the three capacitors are electrically connected with the A phase, the B phase and the C phase respectively, a temperature probe is fixed in each capacitor, and the temperature probe is connected with the MCU processor.
3. A synchronous intelligent partial-complement capacitor as recited in claim 2, wherein: the synchronous switching structure comprises a synchronous magnetic latching relay, a circuit breaker and a switching-on/off time detection circuit, the switching-on/off time detection circuit is connected with the MCU processor, a circuit breaker switch temperature detector is arranged on the circuit breaker, and the circuit breaker switch temperature detector is connected with the MCU processor.
4. A synchronous intelligent partial-complement capacitor as recited in claim 3, wherein: the sampling circuit comprises a sampling circuit, a capacitor over-temperature protection circuit, a current over-harmonic protection circuit, a capacitor over-temperature protection circuit and a capacitor attenuation protection circuit, wherein the sampling circuit is connected with the sampling circuit, the capacitor over-current protection circuit, the voltage over-harmonic protection circuit, the current over-harmonic protection circuit, the capacitor over-temperature protection circuit and the capacitor attenuation protection circuit are connected with the MCU processor, the current transformer measures input capacitor current in real time, the difference between actual current and rated current is obtained through the MCU processor, and the capacitor over-current protection circuit or the capacitor attenuation protection circuit is started.
5. The synchronous intelligent distributed compensation capacitor of claim 4, wherein: the communication circuit comprises two RS485 interfaces and communication indicating lamps are arranged on the RS485 interfaces.
6. The synchronous intelligent distributed compensation capacitor of claim 5, wherein: the power supply circuit comprises a step-down transformer and a rectification voltage stabilizer, wherein the output voltage of the rectification voltage stabilizer is 24V direct current, 5V positive and negative and 5V voltage for the communication circuit.
7. The synchronous intelligent distributed compensation capacitor of claim 6, wherein: the user interaction unit comprises a segment code liquid crystal sheet with an indicator light and a key and a warning buzzer, is used for realizing measurement parameter display and capacitance state display, and adjusts the parameter setting of the compensation capacitor through the key.
8. The synchronous intelligent distributed compensation capacitor of claim 7, wherein: the model of a main chip of the MCU processor is STM8S207RB, and the model of the main chip of the driving synchronous magnetic latching relay is RY 8023.
9. The synchronous intelligent distributed compensation capacitor of claim 8, wherein: the sampling circuit comprises a voltage transformer and a secondary current transformer which are connected with a three-phase four-wire input power supply, wherein the voltage transformer converts a high-voltage signal into an isolated low-voltage signal and an input current signal of the secondary current transformer, the isolated low-voltage signal and the input current signal are transmitted to the signal processing circuit, and the isolated low-voltage signal and the input current signal are transmitted to the MCU processor after being processed by the signal processing circuit.
CN201911267884.6A 2019-12-11 2019-12-11 Synchronous intelligent sub-compensation capacitor Pending CN110829458A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911267884.6A CN110829458A (en) 2019-12-11 2019-12-11 Synchronous intelligent sub-compensation capacitor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911267884.6A CN110829458A (en) 2019-12-11 2019-12-11 Synchronous intelligent sub-compensation capacitor

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CN110829458A true CN110829458A (en) 2020-02-21

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111509735A (en) * 2020-06-09 2020-08-07 恒一电气集团有限公司 High-precision multifunctional reactive compensation controller

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111509735A (en) * 2020-06-09 2020-08-07 恒一电气集团有限公司 High-precision multifunctional reactive compensation controller

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