CN110828597A - Solar cell string and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Solar cell string and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN110828597A
CN110828597A CN201911041731.XA CN201911041731A CN110828597A CN 110828597 A CN110828597 A CN 110828597A CN 201911041731 A CN201911041731 A CN 201911041731A CN 110828597 A CN110828597 A CN 110828597A
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conductive ink
cell
positive electrode
solar cell
battery
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CN110828597B (en
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郭冉
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Shenzhen Flexible New Material Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Flexible New Material Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1876—Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • H01L31/0508—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module the interconnection means having a particular shape
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a solar cell string and a preparation method thereof. The solar cell string comprises two adjacent cell units which are connected in series in an overlapped mode, each cell unit comprises a front face and a back face, the front face is used for absorbing light radiation, the back face is arranged oppositely relative to the front face, a positive electrode used for collecting current is arranged on the front face, a back electrode is arranged on the back face, the positive electrode of each cell unit is connected with the back electrode of the adjacent cell unit through conductive ink, and the conductive ink and the positive electrode of each cell unit and the back electrode of the adjacent cell unit form ohmic contact. The battery cutting pieces in the battery piece string formed by the solar battery string are tightly arranged, the non-power-generating area is small, the back electrodes of the battery piece units form ohmic contact, the contact resistance is far lower than the conductive adhesive and the metallurgical layer welded by the welding strip, the efficiency loss of the assembly is reduced, and the power of the assembly is improved.

Description

Solar cell string and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a solar cell string and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Solar energy is used as a new energy source, and compared with the traditional fossil fuel, the solar energy has the advantages of inexhaustibility, cleanness, environmental protection and the like. At present, a main solar energy utilization mode is to convert received light energy into electric energy through a solar cell module for output, and a conventional solar cell module is a large-area cell module formed by connecting a plurality of solar cells (or called photovoltaic cells) in series, then packaging the solar cells, and arranging the solar cells in a square matrix. The solar cell absorbs light energy, charges with different signs are accumulated at two ends of the cell, and then 'photovoltage' is generated, namely 'photovoltaic effect', and under the action of the photovoltaic effect, electromotive force is generated at two ends of the solar cell, so that the light energy is converted into electric energy. However, the conventional monolithic solar cell has a large size, and a solar cell module using such a solar cell series connection method has a non-uniform current density and a large power loss.
For this reason, a conventional solar cell may be cut into a plurality of cell-cut pieces and manufactured into a high-density module to reduce current, thereby reducing loss of the solar cell module. In the solar cell module, adjacent cell pieces are interconnected by adopting solder strips, and the structural form of the interconnection determines that the actual power generation area of the module in the module is smaller than the module area and the resistance loss in the module is inevitable. In addition, in the solar cell module, after adjacent cells are connected by using the conductive adhesive, the module has poor stability and low power due to low conductivity of the conductive adhesive, a resin adhesion mode and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, a solar cell string having a small resistance loss and excellent conductivity is provided, in which the area of the module where no power is generated can be reduced.
The utility model provides a solar cell string, characterized in that, two adjacent battery piece units overlap series connection in solar cell string, battery piece unit including be used for absorbing the front of light radiation and for the back that the front set up dorsad, the front is equipped with the positive electrode that is used for collecting the electric current, the back is equipped with the back electrode, the positive electrode of battery piece unit and adjacent the back electrode of battery piece unit pass through conductive ink and connect, and conductive ink with the positive electrode of battery piece unit and adjacent the back electrode of battery piece unit form ohmic contact.
In one embodiment, the cell units are formed by cutting solar cells, the areas of the at least two cell units forming the same cell string are the same, and the widths and the lengths of the positive electrodes and the back electrodes of the cell units are the same.
A solar cell module comprises a solar cell string, wherein at least two cell sheet strings are connected in parallel to obtain a cell group; and connecting at least two battery packs in series to obtain the solar battery assembly.
A preparation method of a solar cell string is characterized by comprising the following steps:
providing at least two cell units, wherein each cell unit comprises a front side and a back side, the front side is used for absorbing light radiation, the back side is arranged opposite to the front side, the front side is provided with a positive electrode used for collecting current, and the back side is provided with a back electrode;
supplying conductive ink to a non-contact type ink-jet printing device, and spraying the conductive ink on a positive electrode or a back electrode of the battery piece unit;
and overlapping and serially connecting the battery piece units coated with the conductive ink on the positive electrode or the back electrode of at least two battery piece units in sequence, and baking and curing the conductive ink at 150-300 ℃ to obtain the battery piece string.
In one embodiment, the cell units are formed by cutting solar cells, the areas of the at least two cell units forming the same cell string are the same, and the widths and the lengths of the positive electrodes and the back electrodes of the cell units are the same.
In one embodiment, the operation of overlapping and connecting at least two adjacent battery cell units in series in sequence, wherein the battery cell units coated with conductive ink on the positive electrode or the back electrode are as follows: and sequentially covering the back electrode of the rear battery piece unit on the positive electrode of the front battery cutting piece coated with the conductive ink, or sequentially covering the main grid of the rear battery piece unit on the back electrode of the front battery cutting piece coated with the conductive ink.
In one embodiment, the conductive ink comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-50 parts of silver particles, 1-20 parts of filler, 20-80 parts of diluent and 0.1-10 parts of additive.
In one embodiment, the conductive ink silver particles have a particle size of 0.01-2 μm.
In one embodiment, the diluent is one or more of isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, N-butanol and N-methylpyrrolidone, and the diluent has an environment-friendly weak solvent and a boiling point of 80-180 ℃.
In one embodiment, the filler is one or more of ceramic powder, glass powder, silicon carbide and aluminum oxide, and the particle size of the filler is 0.01-10 μm;
in one embodiment, the additive is one or more of a dispersant, a surface tension control agent and a film forming agent.
In one embodiment, the surface tension control agent can be one or more selected from acrylates, fluorine-containing compounds, methyl silicone oil and polyether modified silicone oil, and the surface tension control agent can control the surface tension to be 20-40 mN/m.
The dispersing agent is selected from one or more of fatty acids, phosphates, polyurethanes and acrylates. Such as stearic acid, oleic acid, ANTI-TERRA-U100, ANTI-TERRA-204, DISPERBYK-101, BYK-106, BYK-108, BYK-110, BYK-111, DISPERBYK-140, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dodecylsulfonate, and the like.
The film forming agent is selected from one or more of terpineol, methyl nylon acid, benzyl alcohol, PVA, PVB, wax and the like. The film-forming aid can be completely volatilized or decomposed before 250 ℃, does not affect subsequent sintering, but can provide adhesion of ink dots on a substrate in the early stage of ink jetting and before sintering.
The variety of the additive of the invention is not limited to the above-mentioned ones, nor to the listed components of the above-mentioned ones.
In one embodiment, the non-contact ink-jet printing device comprises an ink-jet printing nozzle, the nozzle is arranged in parallel with the positive electrode or the back electrode of the cell unit, the conductive ink forms ink drops from the nozzle hole, and the conductive ink is sprayed on the positive electrode or the back electrode of the cell unit.
In one embodiment, the ink droplets have a diameter of less than 0.2 mm; the viscosity of the sprayed conductive ink is less than 200 cps.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. in the solar cell string, the positive electrodes of the cell pieces and the back electrodes of the adjacent cell cutting pieces are connected together in an overlapping mode through the conductive ink, so that the cell cutting pieces in the formed cell piece string are closely arranged, and the power generation area is small. In addition, through the sinterable conductive ink, the conductive ink and the positive electrode of the battery cell unit and the back electrode of the adjacent battery cell unit form ohmic contact and adhesion strength, the contact resistance is far lower than that of a solidified conductive adhesive and that of a metallurgical layer welded by a welding strip, and the efficiency loss of the assembly and the failure risk caused by high-current power circulation are reduced.
2. Through the particle size design of silver particles and fillers in the conductive ink, the spray head can be blocked and the conductive ink cannot be sintered due to the overlarge particle size. The problem of difficult dispersion caused by too small particle size; meanwhile, the addition of the filler in the conductive ink can adjust the viscosity of the ink and also can slow down large holes caused by the migration of the silver material in the long-term electrifying process of the battery string.
3. The viscosity of the conductive ink is extremely low, the ink amount required by jet printing is less than half of that of the traditional conductive adhesive mode, and the cost is saved; silver particles in the conductive silver ink are combined with positive and negative silver electrodes of the battery by sintering, and the problem of long-term failure does not exist;
4. the invention adopts the non-contact ink-jet device to spray the conductive ink, the pattern position precision is high, meanwhile, the non-contact ink-jet device is programmable, the battery arrangement of the component can be flexibly designed according to the size of the battery and the electrode pattern, the battery string can be flexibly applied, and the process method is simple and easy to implement;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a string of battery cells;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a string of battery cells;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of fabricating a solar cell string according to one embodiment;
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The following describes a preferred embodiment of the solar cell module according to the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, a front schematic view and a side schematic view of a cell string 100 in a solar cell module according to the present invention are shown. The battery sheet string 100 is formed by overlapping and connecting more than 2 battery sheet units 110 in series. The series connection of the battery pieces in fig. 1 includes four battery cut pieces, but the number thereof is of course not limited to 4.
Referring to fig. 2, each cell unit 110 includes a front side 112 for absorbing radiation and a back side 114 disposed opposite to the front side 112. The front side 112 is provided with a positive electrode 1122 for collecting current. The back surface 114 is provided with a back electrode 1142. The projections of the positive and back electrodes 1122 and 1142 on the front surface 112 or the back surface 114 are offset from each other. In fig. 2, the positive electrode 1122 and the back electrode 1142 are respectively located at two opposite ends of the cell unit 110. The positive and back electrodes 1122 and 1142 are equal in width and length.
When all the cell units 110 are overlapped and connected in series by the conductive ink 120, the front surface of the cell string 100 is as shown in fig. 1. Referring to fig. 2, it can be seen that the edge positions of the adjacent cell units 110 are overlapped and in an overlapped state, and this connection manner makes no gap exist between the two adjacent cells 110, so that the arrangement is tight, and the effective area of the cell string 100 is greatly increased. And the solar cell module is composed of a plurality of cell strings 100, so that under the condition that the connection modes of the cell strings 100 are the same, the effective power generation area of the whole solar cell module is greatly increased, and the conversion efficiency of the solar cell module is improved. Meanwhile, in the invention, because the positive electrode 1122 and the back electrode 1142 of the adjacent battery cut pieces are welded and overlapped through the conductive ink 120, the conductive area between the adjacent battery cut pieces is increased, and the purpose of reducing resistance loss can be achieved.
In a plurality of cell strings 100 of a solar cell module, the cell units 110 constituting the same cell string 100 have the same area. The cell unit 110 may be a polycrystalline silicon cell, a monocrystalline silicon cell, a thin film cell, or a crystalline silicon composite cell, which may be obtained by equally dividing one solar cell. For example, a 6-inch crystalline silicon solar cell piece is cut into 3, 4 or 5 equal parts by laser scribing. Then, screening is performed, so that the efficiency consistency and the matching of each battery cutting piece 110 in the battery piece string 100 are better, and the working efficiency of the whole solar battery module can be improved.
A solar battery component is characterized in that two battery piece series are connected in parallel to obtain a battery pack; and connecting at least two battery packs in series to obtain the solar battery assembly. The specific implementation mode is as follows: each battery pack comprises 6 battery piece strings connected in parallel. Each cell string contains 17 cell units which are overlapped and connected in series through conductive paste. The cell unit is obtained by 5-equal cutting of one solar cell. The four battery packs are arranged in two rows, and each row is provided with two battery packs. When there are more groups of battery packs, it may be arranged in a plurality of rows each including two or more battery packs, with reference to a similar manner.
Of course, the present invention is not limited to any one manner of forming the components.
A method for manufacturing a solar cell string according to an embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, includes the following steps:
s10, providing at least two battery piece units, wherein each battery piece unit comprises a front side and a back side, the front side is used for absorbing light radiation, the back side is arranged oppositely relative to the front side, the front side is provided with a positive electrode used for collecting current, and the back side is provided with a back electrode;
s20, supplying the conductive ink to a non-contact type ink-jet printing device, and spraying the conductive ink on the positive electrode or the back electrode of the battery piece unit;
and S30, overlapping and serially connecting the battery piece units coated with the conductive ink on the positive electrodes or the back electrodes of at least two battery piece units in sequence, and baking and curing the conductive ink at 150-300 ℃ to obtain the battery piece string.
The operation of sequentially connecting the cell units coated with the conductive ink on at least two positive electrodes or back electrodes in series is as follows: sequentially covering the back electrode of the rear battery cutting piece on the positive electrode of the front battery cutting piece coated with the conductive ink; namely, the front surfaces of the cell units face upwards, and the conductive ink is coated on the main grids and is sequentially connected in series. Or the positive electrode of the rear battery cutting piece is sequentially covered on the back electrode of the front battery cutting piece coated with the conductive ink, namely the back surface of the battery piece unit faces upwards, the conductive ink is coated on the back electrode, and the battery pieces are sequentially welded and connected in series.
The non-contact type ink-jet printing device comprises an ink-jet printing spray head, wherein the spray head is arranged in parallel with the positive electrode or the back electrode of the cell unit, conductive ink forms ink drops from the spray hole, and the conductive ink is sprayed on the positive electrode or the back electrode of the cell unit.
The conductive ink can be coated in a non-contact ink-jet printing device spraying mode, the pattern position precision is high, meanwhile, the non-contact ink-jet printing device is programmable, the cell arrangement of the assembly can be flexibly designed according to the size of the cell and the electrode pattern, the cell string can be flexibly applied, and the process method is simple and feasible; if the steel mesh adopting the printing mode is very thin, the steel mesh is easy to wear, the service life is about 8000 times, the conductive ink can be solidified for a long time in the using process, and the residual in the steel mesh needs to be cleaned frequently.
The method for manufacturing the solar cell string of the present invention is described in detail below.
Example one
Firstly, a first cell unit is placed right, conductive ink is supplied to a non-contact type ink-jet printing device according to a design pattern, the non-contact type ink-jet printing device comprises an ink-jet printing spray head, the spray head is arranged in parallel with a positive electrode of the first cell unit, the conductive ink forms an ink drop from a spray hole, the diameter of the ink drop is 0.05mm, the conductive ink is sprayed on the positive electrode of the first cell unit, the viscosity of the sprayed conductive ink is 50cps, and then a back electrode 1142 (positioned on the left side of a second cell cutting piece) on the back surface of the second cell unit and the positive electrode (positioned on the right side of the first cell cutting piece 1122) of the first cell cutting piece are overlapped and covered. Similarly, the above steps are repeated to connect the back electrode 1142 of the back side of the third electrical cut cell (on the left side of the third electrical cut cell) and the positive electrode 1122 of the second electrical cut cell (on the right side of the second electrical cut cell) by overlapping to the conductive ink 120. When there are a greater number of the cell units 110 to be connected in series, the above-described method is repeated. And then baking and curing the conductive ink at 160 ℃ to obtain the battery piece string.
The conductive ink in this example consists of the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of silver particles, 5 parts of ceramic powder, 60 parts of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 3 parts of methyl silicone oil, 2 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 5 parts of terpineol. The particle size of the silver particles of the conductive ink is 0.1 μm, and the particle size of the ceramic powder is 0.1 μm.
Example two
Firstly, a first cell unit is placed right, conductive ink is supplied to a non-contact type ink-jet printing device according to a design pattern, the non-contact type ink-jet printing device comprises an ink-jet printing spray head, the spray head is arranged in parallel with a positive electrode of the first cell unit, the conductive ink forms an ink drop from a spray hole, the diameter of the ink drop is 0.1mm, the conductive ink is sprayed on the positive electrode of the first cell unit, the viscosity of the sprayed conductive ink is 100cps, and then a back electrode 1142 (positioned on the left side of a second cell cutting piece) on the back surface of the second cell unit and the positive electrode (positioned on the right side of the first cell cutting piece 1122) of the first cell cutting piece are overlapped and covered. Similarly, the above steps are repeated to connect the back electrode 1142 of the back side of the third electrical cut cell (on the left side of the third electrical cut cell) and the positive electrode 1122 of the second electrical cut cell (on the right side of the second electrical cut cell) by overlapping to the conductive ink 120. When there are a greater number of the cell units 110 to be connected in series, the above-described method is repeated. And then baking and curing the conductive ink at 200 ℃ to obtain the battery piece string.
The conductive ink in this example consists of the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of silver particles, 10 parts of glass powder, 44 parts of n-butyl alcohol, 2 parts of polyether modified silicone oil, 2 parts of stearic acid and 2 parts of methyl nylon acid. The particle size of the silver particles of the conductive ink is 0.5 μm, and the particle size of the glass powder is 0.5 μm.
EXAMPLE III
Firstly, a first cell unit is placed right, conductive ink is supplied to a non-contact type ink-jet printing device according to a design pattern, the non-contact type ink-jet printing device comprises an ink-jet printing spray head, the spray head is arranged in parallel with a positive electrode of the first cell unit, the conductive ink forms an ink drop from a spray hole, the diameter of the ink drop is 0.15mm, the conductive ink is sprayed on the positive electrode of the first cell unit, the viscosity of the sprayed conductive ink is 150cps, and then a back electrode 1142 (positioned on the left side of a second cell cutting piece) on the back surface of the second cell unit and the positive electrode (positioned on the right side of the first cell cutting piece 1122) of the first cell cutting piece are overlapped and covered. Similarly, the above steps are repeated to connect the back electrode 1142 of the back side of the third electrical cut cell (on the left side of the third electrical cut cell) and the positive electrode 1122 of the second electrical cut cell (on the right side of the second electrical cut cell) by overlapping to the conductive ink 120. When there are a greater number of the cell units 110 to be connected in series, the above-described method is repeated. And then baking and curing the conductive ink at 250 ℃ to obtain the battery piece string.
The conductive ink in this example consists of the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of silver particles, 5 parts of silicon carbide, 50 parts of isopropanol, 3 parts of methyl silicone oil, 2 parts of oleic acid and 5 parts of benzyl alcohol. The particle size of the mercury particles of the conductive ink was 1 μm, and the particle size of the silicon carbide was 1 μm.
Example four
Firstly, a first cell unit is placed right, conductive ink is supplied to a non-contact type ink-jet printing device according to a design pattern, the non-contact type ink-jet printing device comprises an ink-jet printing spray head, the spray head is arranged in parallel with a positive electrode of the first cell unit, the conductive ink forms an ink drop from a spray hole, the diameter of the ink drop is 0.18mm, the conductive ink is sprayed on the positive electrode of the first cell unit, the viscosity of the sprayed conductive ink is 180cps, and then a back electrode 1142 (positioned on the left side of a second cell cutting piece) on the back surface of the second cell unit and the positive electrode (positioned on the right side of the first cell cutting piece 1122) of the first cell cutting piece are overlapped and covered. Similarly, the above steps are repeated to connect the back electrode 1142 of the back side of the third electrical cut cell (on the left side of the third electrical cut cell) and the positive electrode 1122 of the second electrical cut cell (on the right side of the second electrical cut cell) by overlapping to the conductive ink 120. When there are a greater number of the cell units 110 to be connected in series, the above-described method is repeated. And then baking and curing the conductive ink at 300 ℃ to obtain the battery piece string.
The conductive ink in this example consists of the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of silver particles, 10 parts of aluminum oxide, 37 parts of N-methyl pyrrolidone, 3 parts of methyl silicone oil, 3 parts of BYK-1062 and 3 parts of wax. The particle size of the silver particles of the conductive ink is 2 microns, and the particle size of the aluminum oxide is 5 microns.
Comparative example 1
The back electrode 1142 (located on the left side of the second cut cell) on the back surface of the second cut cell unit is overlapped and connected with the positive electrode 1122 (located on the right side of the first cut cell) of the first cut cell unit by using a welding strip. Similarly, the above steps are repeated, and the back electrode 1142 (located at the left side of the third cut cell) at the back of the third cut cell is overlapped and connected with the positive electrode 1122 (located at the right side of the second cut cell) of the second cut cell by the solder strip. When there are a greater number of the cell units 110 to be connected in series, the formation of the solar cell string is repeated with reference to the above-described method.
Comparative example No. two
The back electrode 1142 (located on the left side of the second cut cell) on the back of the second cut cell unit is overlapped and connected with the positive electrode 1122 (located on the right side of the first cut cell) of the first cut cell unit by using conductive adhesive. Similarly, the above steps are repeated, and the back electrode 1142 (located at the left side of the third sliced battery) at the back of the third sliced battery is overlapped and connected with the positive electrode 1122 (located at the right side of the second sliced battery) of the second sliced battery by the conductive adhesive. When there are a greater number of the cell units 110 to be connected in series, the formation of the solar cell string is repeated with reference to the above-described method.
The solar cell strings of examples one to four and comparative examples one to four were formed into a solar cell module, and each cell group included 6 cell sheet strings connected in parallel. Each cell string contains 17 cell units which are overlapped and connected in series through conductive paste. The cell unit is obtained by 5-equal cutting of one solar cell. The four battery packs are arranged in two rows, and each row is provided with two battery packs. The power of the solar cell module is tested, and the specific data are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
Performance items Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2
Component power/W 417 419 418 417 414 415
Compared with the connection of conductive adhesive and solder strips, in the solar cell string, the positive electrodes of the cell pieces and the back electrodes of the adjacent cell cutting pieces are connected together through the conductive ink to realize overlapping connection, so the cell cutting pieces in the formed cell piece string are closely arranged, and the non-power-generating area is small. In addition, the conductive ink is solidified to form ohmic contact with the positive electrode of the battery piece unit and the back electrode of the adjacent battery piece unit, the contact resistance is far lower than that of the conductive adhesive and that of a metallurgical layer welded by a welding strip, and therefore the efficiency loss of the assembly is reduced.
Meanwhile, due to the design of the particle sizes of the silver particles and the filler in the conductive ink, the spray head can be blocked due to the overlarge particle size, and the conductive ink cannot be sintered. The problem of difficult dispersion caused by too small particle size; meanwhile, the addition of the filler in the conductive ink can adjust the viscosity of the ink and also can slow down large holes caused by the migration of the silver material in the long-term electrifying process of the battery string. The viscosity of the conductive ink is extremely low, the ink amount required by jet printing is less than half of that of the traditional conductive adhesive mode, and the cost is saved; silver particles in the conductive silver ink are combined with positive and negative silver electrodes of the battery in a sintering mode, and the problem of long-term failure does not exist.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a solar cell string, characterized in that, two adjacent battery piece units overlap series connection in solar cell string, battery piece unit including be used for absorbing the front of light radiation and for the back that the front set up dorsad, the front is equipped with the positive electrode that is used for collecting the electric current, the back is equipped with the back electrode, the positive electrode of battery piece unit and adjacent the back electrode of battery piece unit pass through conductive ink and connect, and conductive ink with the positive electrode of battery piece unit and adjacent the back electrode of battery piece unit form ohmic contact.
2. The solar cell string as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cell units are formed by cutting solar cells, the areas of the at least two cell units forming the same cell string are the same, and the widths and the lengths of the positive electrode and the back electrode of the cell units are the same.
3. A solar cell module comprising the solar cell string according to any one of claims 1 to 2.
4. A preparation method of a solar cell string is characterized by comprising the following steps:
providing at least two cell units, wherein each cell unit comprises a front side and a back side, the front side is used for absorbing light radiation, the back side is arranged opposite to the front side, the front side is provided with a positive electrode used for collecting current, and the back side is provided with a back electrode;
supplying conductive ink to a non-contact type ink-jet printing device, and spraying the conductive ink on a positive electrode or a back electrode of the battery piece unit;
and overlapping and serially connecting the battery piece units coated with the conductive ink on the positive electrode or the back electrode of at least two battery piece units in sequence, and baking and curing the conductive ink at 150-300 ℃ to obtain the battery piece string.
5. The method for preparing the solar cell string according to claim 4, wherein the operation of sequentially overlapping and connecting the cell units coated with the conductive ink on the positive electrode or the back electrode of at least two adjacent cell units in series is as follows: and sequentially covering the back electrode of the rear battery piece unit on the positive electrode of the front battery cutting piece coated with the conductive ink, or sequentially covering the main grid of the rear battery piece unit on the back electrode of the front battery cutting piece coated with the conductive ink.
6. The method for preparing the solar cell string according to claim 4, wherein the conductive ink comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-50 parts of silver particles, 1-20 parts of filler, 20-80 parts of diluent and 0.1-10 parts of additive.
7. The solar cell module according to claim 6, wherein the conductive ink silver particles have a particle size of 0.01 to 2 μm; and/or
The diluent is one or more of ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, N-butanol and N-methylpyrrolidone; andor or
The filler is one or more of ceramic powder, glass powder, silicon carbide and aluminum oxide, and the particle size of the filler is 0.01-10 mu m; andor or
The additive is one or more of a dispersant, a surface tension control agent and a film forming agent.
8. The solar cell module according to claim 7, wherein the surface tension control agent is one or more selected from acrylates, fluorine-containing compounds, methyl silicone oil and polyether modified silicone oil;
and/or
The dispersing agent is selected from one or more of fatty acids, phosphates, polyurethanes and acrylates. And/or
The film forming agent is selected from one or more of terpineol, methyl nylon acid, benzyl alcohol, PVA, PVB and wax.
9. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the non-contact inkjet printing device comprises an inkjet printing head, the printing head is disposed parallel to the positive electrode or the back electrode of the cell unit, the conductive ink drops are formed from the conductive ink through the nozzle, and the conductive ink is sprayed on the positive electrode or the back electrode of the cell unit.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the ink droplets have a diameter of less than 0.2 mm; the viscosity of the sprayed conductive ink is less than 200 cps.
CN201911041731.XA 2019-10-30 2019-10-30 Solar cell string and preparation method thereof Active CN110828597B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105489688A (en) * 2016-01-04 2016-04-13 协鑫集成科技股份有限公司 Solar battery module and preparation method thereof
CN106876502A (en) * 2017-03-20 2017-06-20 华东理工大学 A kind of method that 3D inkjet printings prepare HIT electrodes
CN109326665A (en) * 2017-09-28 2019-02-12 长春永固科技有限公司 Solar battery string, solar cell module and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105489688A (en) * 2016-01-04 2016-04-13 协鑫集成科技股份有限公司 Solar battery module and preparation method thereof
CN106876502A (en) * 2017-03-20 2017-06-20 华东理工大学 A kind of method that 3D inkjet printings prepare HIT electrodes
CN109326665A (en) * 2017-09-28 2019-02-12 长春永固科技有限公司 Solar battery string, solar cell module and preparation method thereof

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