CN110828250A

CN110828250A - Overcurrent processor for electric power

Info

Publication number: CN110828250A
Application number: CN201911125408.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曲相霖
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-11-18
Filing date: 2019-11-18
Publication date: 2020-02-21

Abstract

The invention discloses an overcurrent protector for electric power, which comprises a fixing ring, wherein the inner ring part of the fixing ring is rotatably connected with a turntable, the fixing ring is provided with a conductive layer and a resistance layer, a conductive block is arranged in the turntable, the conductive layer is electrically connected with an external power supply transmission line, the rotation center of the turntable is fixedly connected with a gear, the gear is meshed with a rack, the bottom of the rack is connected with a transmission device, the transmission device comprises a connecting rod, the bottom of the connecting rod is connected with a sleeve, and a piston is hermetically and slidably connected in the sleeve. Has the advantages that: the invention realizes two forms of liquefaction and gasification respectively by different heating temperatures of the metal solid sodium under overload current and short-circuit current, and realizes the treatment of two states respectively under the action of the transmission device, and the short-circuit current is disconnected, and a larger resistor is connected to the overload current, thereby having the functions of protecting and adjusting the circuit current.

Description

Overcurrent processor for electric power

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electric power correlation, in particular to an over-current processor for electric power.

Background

In an electrical power system, an over-current or excess current is a device in which a larger than expected current is present through the conductors, resulting in excessive heating, and risk of fire or damage. Possible causes of overcurrent include short circuits, excessive loads, incorrect design or ground faults. Fuses, circuit breakers, temperature sensors and current limiters are commonly used to control the risk of over-currents.

When the household electrical appliance is used, the processing modes of the overload current and the short-circuit current are different, the current carrying capacity of the current of the overload current is not more than multiple times of the current carrying capacity of a general loop, the consequence is that the working temperature exceeds an allowable value, the insulation is accelerated to deteriorate, the service life is shortened, disasters can be caused after a period of time, the electrical appliance is damaged, the damage is caused by time accumulation, the current value can reach hundreds to thousands of times of the current carrying capacity of a loop conductor for the short-circuit current, abnormal high temperature or huge mechanical stress can be generated to cause various disasters, therefore, the use principle of the fuse in the prior art is the melting decomposition of low-melting-point metal, the fuse can be instantly disconnected at the temperature of the short-circuit current in actual use, and the circuit can be disconnected after the accumulated temperature reaches the fusing temperature of the fuse for the overload current after a period of time, namely, under the overload current, the fuse usually does not work before the temperature reaches the fusing temperature, so that the problems of aging of electrical elements, reduction of service life and the like can still be caused when the temperature exceeds the rated temperature within a certain time, and the fuse of the fuse can be used only once and needs to be replaced each time.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to achieve the purpose, the overcurrent protector for the electric power comprises a fixing ring, wherein the inner ring part of the fixing ring is rotatably connected with a rotating disc, the fixing ring is provided with a section of conducting layer and a resistance layer, the rotating disc is internally provided with a conducting block, the conducting layer is electrically connected with an external power supply, the rotating center of the rotating disc is fixedly connected with a gear, the gear is meshed with a rack, and the bottom of the rack is connected with a transmission device;

the transmission device comprises a connecting rod, the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rack, the bottom of the connecting rod is connected with a sleeve, the connecting rod penetrates through the top wall of the sleeve and is in sealed sliding connection with the sleeve, a piston is in sealed sliding connection with the sleeve, one end of the connecting rod in the sleeve penetrates through the inner wall of the piston, a sealing plate is welded at the bottom of the connecting rod, a spring is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing plate and the bottom of the piston together, and the spring is sleeved outside the connecting rod;

the bottom of the sealing plate is abutted to the sodium block, the part of the sleeve, which is located on the sodium block, is provided with a discharge hole, the discharge hole is hermetically connected with a discharge pipe, the discharge pipe is hermetically connected with a connecting box, the connecting box is fixedly connected onto the outer side wall of the sleeve, the bottom of the connecting box is hermetically and slidably connected with a push block, and a heating block is arranged in the push block.

In the power overcurrent protector, the sleeve is made of heat-insulating rubber material, the sodium block is electrically connected with the conductive block and an external electrical appliance through a lead, and the fixing ring is made of insulating material except for the conductive layer and the resistance layer.

In above-mentioned overcurrent protector for electric power, the centre of rotation fixedly connected with transmission shaft of carousel, the transmission shaft passes through the key and is connected with gear interference fit, the transmission shaft cup joints the seal box of cylindrical structure outward, the one deck piezoceramics has been cup jointed to the outer lane of seal box, sliding connection has annular baffle in the seal box, the baffle is close to a plurality of connecting rods of one end fixedly connected with of gear, the connecting rod runs through the inner wall of seal box and partial fixedly connected with ball outside, the ball offsets with one side of gear, one side that the gear was kept away from to the baffle is equipped with the heating piece, the heating piece is connected with piezoceramics electricity, so fixed connection has the diaphragm of level setting on the rack.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. in the invention, the external current is connected with the conducting layer, and the circuit of the electrical appliance is connected with the conducting block and the sodium block in series, so that when the conducting block is matched and connected with the conducting layer, the electrical appliance is in a normal working state, and when short-circuit current occurs, the instantaneous temperature exceeds 1000 ℃, so that the metal sodium is decomposed into sodium vapor, and the resistance value of the sodium vapor has better blocking property, thereby avoiding the short-circuit current from damaging the electrical appliance;

2. in the process of decomposing the metal sodium, the metal sodium is used for changing the solid state into the gas state, so that the volume of the metal sodium instantaneously expands, the sealing plate which is abutted against the sodium block is pushed to the high position of the limit position, in the process, the connecting rod moves upwards to drive the rack to move, the gear drives the turntable to rotate clockwise, the conductive block is separated from the conductive layer, the circuit is thoroughly disconnected, and the damage to an electric appliance element caused by residual current is avoided;

3. when the circuit generates overload current, the current can not reach short-circuit current at the moment, the current is generally not more than rated current, the temperature can not reach the evaporation temperature of the sodium block, the sodium block is in a state of being higher than the melting temperature of 97 ℃, the sodium block is melted into metal sodium liquid, part of the sodium liquid is pressed into the connecting box under the action of the internal heat pressure of the sleeve and the self gravity of the piston, so that the sealing plate drives the connecting rod to move downwards, the rotating disc rotates anticlockwise under the driving of the meshing of the gear rack, the conductive block is connected with the resistive layer, and the electric appliance is connected with a larger resistor in series under the state, so that the current quantity of the electric appliance is reduced, the risks of insulating aging of the electric appliance, service life reduction and the like are avoided;

4. the push block is arranged in the connecting box, the heating block is connected in the push block, when liquid sodium metal enters the connecting box, after the current is reduced by connecting the circuit to the resistance layer, the temperature of the sodium block is recovered to be normal, the liquid sodium is re-solidified into the sodium block, the heating block is in a heating state in the connection of the sodium block, the sodium block is re-heated and melted into sodium liquid under the action of the current, at the moment, the connecting box is in a high-temperature and high-pressure state, the sodium metal liquid is re-pressed into the sleeve, so that the connecting rod is recovered to the original position, the conductive block is separated from the connection with the resistance layer and is re-normally connected with an external power supply, in the process, a user can have the buffering time for adjusting the number of electric appliances, the current amount is still in an overload state, the sodium metal is continuously melted in the sleeve and enters the connecting box, and the sodium metal is in a mixed state, the conductive block is always in a state of being connected with the resistance layer, so that the current in the electric appliance is in a lower level, and the circuit is protected;

5. when short-circuit current takes place at the circuit, because the electric current is great in the twinkling of an eye, then the evaporation rate of sodium piece is great, the closing plate can upwards slide with a great speed, and the extreme position that sets up the connecting rod and shift up can make the diaphragm on the rack have a pressure to the last piezoceramics in the seal box, make the heating block in the piezoceramics heating seal box, under the effect of hot pressure, the baffle drives connecting rod and ball and promotes the gear and break away from the meshing with the rack, make after the temperature resumes normally, the moving down of connecting rod can not make the carousel resume to initial condition, avoid under the short-circuit condition circuit to put through harm circuit element once more.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an overcurrent protector for electric power according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a of an electric power overcurrent protector according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a side sectional view of an overcurrent protector for electric power according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1 fixed ring, 2 rotating disc, 3 conducting layer, 4 resistance layer, 5 conducting block, 6 gear, 7 rack, 8 connecting rod, 9 sleeve, 10 piston, 11 sealing plate, 12 sodium block, 13 connecting box, 14 spring, 15 discharging pipe, 16 pushing block, 17 heating block, 18 piezoelectric ceramic, 19 sealing box, 20 baffle, 21 connecting rod and 22 transverse plate.

Detailed Description

The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1-3, an overcurrent protector for electric power comprises a fixing ring 1, wherein an inner ring part of the fixing ring 1 is rotatably connected with a turntable 2, the fixing ring 1 is provided with a section of conducting layer 3 and a resistance layer 4, the turntable 2 is provided with a conducting block 5, the conducting layer 3 is electrically connected with an external power supply, a rotation center of the turntable 2 is fixedly connected with a gear 6, the gear 6 is meshed with a rack 7, and the bottom of the rack 7 is connected with a transmission device;

the transmission device comprises a connecting rod 8, the connecting rod 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rack 7, the bottom of the connecting rod 8 is connected with a sleeve 9, the connecting rod 8 penetrates through the top wall of the sleeve 9 and is in sealing sliding connection with the sleeve 9, a piston 10 is in sealing sliding connection in the sleeve 9, one end of the connecting rod 8 in the sleeve 9 penetrates through the inner wall of the piston 10, a sealing plate 11 is welded at the bottom of the connecting rod 8, the top of the sealing plate 11 and the bottom of the piston 10 are fixedly connected with a spring 14 together, the spring 14 is sleeved outside the connecting rod 8, the piston 10 is located at the top of the sleeve 9, and;

the bottom of the sealing plate 11 is abutted against a sodium block 12, the sodium has the characteristics that the melting point is 97 ℃ and the boiling point is 889 ℃, the part of the sleeve 9 positioned on the sodium block 12 is provided with a discharge port, the discharge port is hermetically connected with a discharge pipe 15, the discharge pipe 15 is hermetically connected with a connecting box 13, the connecting box 13 is fixedly connected on the outer side wall of the sleeve 9, the bottom of the connecting box 13 is hermetically and slidably connected with a push block 16, a heating block 17 is arranged in the push block 16, the heating block 17 is positioned at one end far away from the discharge pipe 15, the sleeve 9 is made of, so that the sleeve 9 and the connecting box 13 are relatively independent, heat cannot be conducted, the sodium block 12 is electrically connected with the conductive block 5 and an external electric appliance through a lead, the parts of the fixing ring 1 except the conductive layer 3 and the resistance layer 4 are made of insulating materials, the conductive bumps 5 will be in an open circuit state when connected to the portion other than the conductive layer 3 and the resistive layer 4.

The rotary center of the rotary table 2 is fixedly connected with a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is connected with the gear 6 in an interference fit manner through a key, a sealing box 19 with a cylindrical structure is sleeved outside the transmission shaft, a layer of piezoelectric ceramics 18 is sleeved on the outer ring of the sealing box 19, the piezoelectric ceramics 18 has the characteristic of generating current under pressure, an annular baffle plate 20 is connected in the sealing box 19 in a sliding manner, one end, close to the gear 6, of the baffle plate 20 is fixedly connected with a plurality of connecting rods 21, the connecting rods 21 penetrate through the inner wall of the sealing box 19, the outer part of the connecting rods 21 is fixedly connected with balls, the balls abut against one side of the gear 6, one side, far away from the gear 6, of the baffle plate 20 is provided with a heating block, the heating block is electrically connected with the piezoelectric ceramics 18, when the piezoelectric ceramics 18 generates current, the space, far away from one side of the gear 6, a horizontal plate 22 is fixedly connected to the rack 7.

When the invention is used, the conductive block 5 is connected with the conductive layer 3 in a normal working state, at the moment, external current enters an electric appliance through the conductive layer 3, the conductive block 5, the sodium block and the lead respectively, and when overcurrent occurs, the two states are divided into the following two states;

when short-circuit current occurs, the current is increased to thousands of times of rated current, so that the temperature of the sodium block 12 is increased to be above the boiling point, the sodium block 12 is decomposed into sodium vapor, on one hand, the resistance is greatly increased, so that the function of protecting a circuit instantly is achieved, on the other hand, the sealing plate 11 is pushed to move upwards under the action of air pressure, so that the connecting rod 8 drives the gear 6 to rotate clockwise, the conductive block 5 is separated from the conductive layer 3, so that the circuit is completely disconnected, in the process, the transverse plate 22 on the rack 7 moves upwards to have a pressure on the piezoelectric ceramic 18 sleeved on the transmission shaft, so that the space in the sealing box 19, which is far away from the gear 6, is heated by the heating block, the baffle 20 moves leftwards, the connecting rod 21 and the ball push the gear 6 to be separated from the meshing with the rack 7, so that the sodium block 12 is re-solidified into a solid after being, when the connecting rod 8 and the rack 7 are driven to move downwards, the gear 6 cannot rotate, so that the conductive block 5 is prevented from being contacted with the conductive layer 3 again, and the open circuit state is always kept before the gear 6 is manually pushed to return to the original position;

when an overload current occurs, the current is not more than the rated current, so that the sodium block 12 cannot be heated to the evaporation temperature, the sodium block is melted into liquid, the liquid can enter the connecting box 13 through the discharge pipe 15 under the liquid state, at the moment, the sealing plate 11 moves downwards, the connecting rod 8 and the rack 7 drive the gear to rotate anticlockwise, and under the state of anticlockwise rotation, the conducting block 5 is connected with the conducting layer 3 more to be connected with the resistance layer 4 with larger resistance so as to share the overload current, the current passing through the electrical appliance is reduced, the requirement of the rated current is met, the risks of insulation aging of the electrical appliance, service life reduction and the like are avoided, when the liquid sodium enters the connecting box 13, the circuit of the heating resistance block 17 is conducted, the connecting box 13 is in a high-temperature and high-pressure state, and when the liquid sodium is heated for a period of time, the thermal pressure above the push block 16 in the connecting box 13 can enable the liquid sodium to be, so that the connecting rod 8 drives the gear 6 back into position and if the overcurrent continues, this process is periodically continued, so that the current always lasts for a short time in the overload state and the current is kept stable in the circuit in dynamic balance.

Although the terms of the fixed ring 1, the rotary disc 2, the conductive layer 3, the resistive layer 4, the conductive block 5, the gear 6, the rack 7, the connecting rod 8, the sleeve 9, the piston 10, the sealing plate 11, the sodium block 12, the connecting box 13, the spring 14, the discharging pipe 15, the pushing block 16, the heating block 17, the piezoelectric ceramic 18, the sealing box 19, the baffle 20, the connecting rod 21, the transverse plate 22, and the like are used more frequently, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. The over-current protector for the electric power comprises a fixing ring (1) and is characterized in that an inner ring part of the fixing ring (1) is rotatably connected with a rotary table (2), the fixing ring (1) is provided with a section of conducting layer (3) and a resistance layer (4), a conducting block (5) is arranged in the rotary table (2), the conducting layer (3) is electrically connected with an external power supply, a gear (6) is fixedly connected with a rotation center of the rotary table (2), the gear (6) is meshed with a rack (7), and the bottom of the rack (7) is connected with a transmission device;

the transmission device comprises a connecting rod 8, the connecting rod 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rack 7, the bottom of the connecting rod 8 is connected with a sleeve 9, the connecting rod 8 penetrates through the top wall of the sleeve 9 and is in sealing sliding connection with the sleeve 9, a piston 10 is in sealing sliding connection with the sleeve 9, one end of the connecting rod 8 in the sleeve 9 penetrates through the inner wall of the piston 10, a sealing plate 11 is welded to the bottom of the connecting rod 8, a spring 14 is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing plate 11 and the bottom of the piston 10 together, and the spring 14 is sleeved outside the connecting rod 8;

the bottom of the sealing plate (11) is abutted to the sodium block (12), the part of the sleeve (9) located on the sodium block (12) is provided with a discharge hole, the discharge hole is hermetically connected with a discharge pipe (15), the discharge pipe (15) is hermetically connected with a connecting box (13), the connecting box (13) is fixedly connected onto the outer side wall of the sleeve (9), the bottom of the connecting box (13) is hermetically and slidably connected with a push block (16), and a heating block (17) is arranged in the push block (16).

2. An overcurrent protector for electric power as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the sleeve (9) is made of heat-insulating rubber material, the sodium block (12) is electrically connected with the conducting block (5) and the external electric appliance through conducting wires, and the fixing ring (1) is made of insulating material except for the conducting layer (3) and the resistance layer (4).

3. The overcurrent protector for electric power according to claim 1, wherein a transmission shaft is fixedly connected to a rotation center of the turntable (2), the transmission shaft is connected to the gear (6) in an interference fit manner through a key, a sealing box (19) with a cylindrical structure is sleeved outside the transmission shaft, a layer of piezoelectric ceramics (18) is sleeved on an outer ring of the sealing box (19), an annular baffle (20) is slidably connected to the sealing box (19), one end of the baffle (20) close to the gear (6) is fixedly connected with a plurality of connecting rods (21), the connecting rods (21) penetrate through an inner wall of the sealing box (19) and are fixedly connected with balls at an outer part, the balls abut against one side of the gear (6), a heating block is arranged on one side of the baffle (20) far away from the gear (6), and is electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramics (18), therefore, a horizontal plate (22) is fixedly connected to the rack (7).