CN110827405A - Digital remote sensing geological mapping method and system - Google Patents
Digital remote sensing geological mapping method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of digital remote sensing geological mapping, and discloses a digital remote sensing geological mapping method and a system thereof. The method comprises the steps of fitting and interpolating by using discrete geological exploration data measured in the field through a geological modeling module, establishing a three-dimensional geological model of information such as terrain, stratum boundary, attributes and the like simulated in proportion, and embodying geological structure information through three-dimensional visualization; meanwhile, the geological environment evaluation module utilizes the information entropy technology to carry out mathematical description on objective uncertainty of the evaluation index, and the two are reasonably coupled to construct a more reasonable, accurate and comprehensive evaluation index weight system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of digital remote sensing geological mapping, and particularly relates to a digital remote sensing geological mapping method and system.
Background
Geological mapping is the general term for all mapping work involved in conducting geological and mineral surveys and their production maps. The method mainly comprises the steps of geological point measurement, geological profile measurement, physical exploration measurement, mining area control measurement, mining area topographic measurement, exploration mesh measurement, exploration engineering positioning measurement, pit exploration engineering measurement, well exploration engineering measurement, through measurement, strip mine measurement, earth surface movement observation, drawing of related graphs, printing and establishment of a geological mineral information system. However, the existing digital remote sensing geological mapping system is not easy to directly, completely and accurately obtain three-dimensional geological conditions; meanwhile, the existing geological environment evaluation methods are biased to single evaluation in subjective or objective aspects, and the evaluation results lack comprehensiveness and accuracy; the existing geological environment evaluation method mainly aims at comprehensive evaluation of a large range of types, but lacks of targeted evaluation on a certain type; in the aspect of index selection, the selection of the existing geological environment evaluation index is directed at regional multi-type comprehensive evaluation, but for single evaluation, an index system should be more pertinent and scientific.
In the prior art, a digital remote sensing geological mapping method is disclosed, which comprises the following steps:
A) selecting a shooting mode, namely selecting one of three corresponding shooting modes, namely a basic mode, an expansion mode and a strip mode according to three site conditions, namely a high and steep slope, an excavation foundation pit and an underground cavern; the basic mode is suitable for small slopes or foundation pit excavation, and requires that a left shooting site and a right shooting site are arranged, wherein the left shooting site and the right shooting site respectively shoot a single image to directly form a stereo pair; the expansion mode is suitable for large slopes or excavation of foundation pits, a left camera shooting site and a right camera shooting site are required to be arranged, a group of continuous and partially overlapped images are respectively shot at each camera shooting site according to the site condition, and the group of images shot at the left camera shooting site and the right camera shooting site are spliced and cut to form two single images, so that a stereo pair is indirectly formed; the strip mode is suitable for underground caverns or mountainous and valley regions, one row or multiple parallel rows of shooting sites are required to be arranged at equal intervals, each shooting site shoots two images, namely a left image and a right image, the left image and the right image are partially overlapped, each row of shooting sites shoots an image strip, the strips are also partially overlapped, the images shot by the two shooting sites adjacent to each other on the left and the right form a stereo pair, and the images shot by all the shooting sites form a plurality of stereo pairs;
B) digital image shooting:
B1) determining the number and the position of the digital remote sensing shooting sites according to the shooting mode selected in the step A),
B2) erecting a tripod at the determined shooting site position, fixing a digital camera on a digital camera operating platform, keeping the center of a camera lens at the intersection point of the horizontal rotating axis and the vertical rotating axis of the operating platform, and fixing the digital camera operating platform on the tripod to adjust the digital camera operating platform to be horizontal;
B3) marking or finding at least 3 coordinate control points in the range of a shooting site;
B4) shooting one or a plurality of continuous images at each shooting site, wherein the overlapping part of the plurality of images shot by the same shooting site is 10% of that of a single image, the overlapping part of the single image or the plurality of images shot by adjacent shooting sites after splicing processing by a computer is 60%, and the overlapping part of image strips shot by parallel shooting sites is 30%;
C) establishing a three-dimensional image model, inputting images shot by a plurality of shooting sites into a computer, and establishing the three-dimensional image model with an actual space direction;
D) extracting spatial attribute data, and acquiring the spatial attribute data of a geological structure surface based on a three-dimensional image model;
E) and (4) utilizing the spatial attribute data, and generating a technical result chart by utilizing the collected geological structure surface spatial attribute data.
In the second prior art, a linear array three-dimensional imaging synthetic aperture radar resolution fusion method based on discrete wavelet transform is disclosed, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, obtaining a low-resolution synthetic aperture radar image:
obtaining an x-direction low-resolution linear array three-dimensional imaging synthetic aperture radar image G x and a y-direction low-resolution linear array three-dimensional imaging synthetic aperture radar image G y by using an orthogonal track three-dimensional imaging synthetic aperture radar;
adopting Meyer wavelet and one-dimensional wavelet decomposition formula, wherein h (2n) represents the signal obtained by 1/2 sampling the high-resolution approximation signal after filtering through low-pass filter h (n) and is the decomposition coefficient under the corresponding wavelet orthogonal base, and fj +1(n) is the discrete expression form under the resolution j + 1; firstly, performing x-direction one-dimensional discrete wavelet decomposition on a y-direction low-resolution linear array three-dimensional imaging synthetic aperture radar image G y to obtain a low-frequency coefficient matrix and a horizontal-direction high-frequency coefficient matrix, and then performing y-direction one-dimensional discrete wavelet decomposition on an x-direction low-resolution linear array three-dimensional imaging synthetic aperture radar image G x to obtain a low-frequency coefficient matrix and a vertical-direction high-frequency coefficient matrix, wherein the low-frequency coefficient matrices obtained by the y-direction and x-direction low-resolution linear array three-dimensional imaging synthetic aperture radar images through the one-dimensional discrete wavelet decomposition are the same, and n 1 and n 2 respectively represent horizontal and vertical pixel points of a two-dimensional image; the value ranges of n 1 and n 2 depend on the size of the two-dimensional image;
according to the formula, a low-frequency coefficient matrix in the horizontal direction and a high-frequency coefficient matrix in the vertical direction are used:
calculating to obtain a coefficient matrix corresponding to the low-frequency coefficient matrix, a coefficient matrix corresponding to a coefficient matrix horizontal direction high-frequency coefficient matrix, and a coefficient matrix vertical direction high-frequency coefficient matrix
And 4, wavelet reconstruction to obtain a fused image:
utilizing the low-frequency coefficient matrix obtained in the step 3; a corresponding coefficient matrix; a horizontal direction high frequency coefficient matrix; a corresponding coefficient matrix; a vertical direction high frequency coefficient matrix; a corresponding coefficient matrix;
through a two-dimensional wavelet reconstruction formula: and calculating to obtain a high-resolution linear array three-dimensional imaging synthetic aperture radar image with fused resolution, wherein an x represents convolution, n 1 and n 2 represent pixel points in the transverse and longitudinal directions respectively, h (n 1), g (n 1) represents low-pass and high-pass filtering in the transverse direction, and h (n 2) and g (n 2) represent low-pass and high-pass filtering in the longitudinal direction.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows:
the digital remote sensing geological mapping system provided by the prior art is not easy to directly, completely and accurately obtain three-dimensional geological conditions; meanwhile, the existing geological environment evaluation methods are biased to single evaluation in subjective or objective aspects, and the evaluation results lack comprehensiveness and accuracy.
The difficulty in solving the technical problems is as follows:
the existing geological environment evaluation method mainly aims at comprehensive evaluation of a large range of types, but lacks of targeted evaluation on a certain type; in the aspect of index selection, the selection of the existing geological environment evaluation index is directed at regional multi-type comprehensive evaluation, but for single evaluation, an index system should be more pertinent and scientific.
The significance of solving the technical problems is as follows:
the invention mathematically describes the objective uncertainty of the evaluation index by applying the information entropy technology, and reasonably couples the two to construct a more reasonable, accurate and comprehensive evaluation index weight system. The method can be applied to multi-field image processing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a digital remote sensing geological mapping method and system.
The invention is realized in such a way, and the digital remote sensing geological mapping method comprises the following steps:
firstly, constructing a geological model:
(1) analyzing, importing and generating a point set, and importing an original data point file into the GOCAD through a text format when measuring the original data point file; when no original data point file is measured, contour lines can be extracted from the topographic map, the AUTOCAD map is stored in DXF format, and the DXF file is imported into GOCAD;
(2) establishing a structural terrain surface, generating a terrain surface through a surface creation function in GOCAD according to the point set generated in the step (1), if nodes on the generated point surface are not coincident with control points, performing geometric adaptation, hiding unnecessary limit through hierarchy constraints, and attaching a contour value;
(3) generating a drill hole, wherein the drill hole data is only used as a control element of a bedding surface, the drilling related data is input in a text file mode in modeling, and after the data is read into the GOCAD, the information of each layer is modified on a Marker item of Well and the occurrence information of each layer is added;
(4) modeling rock layer surfaces and structural surfaces, leading an earth surface exposure line of a rock layer into GOCAD from AUTOCAD to obtain a curve object, converting the rock layer attitude into a tangent vector of the surface, stretching the curve object of the earth surface for a certain distance along the tangent vector to obtain a surface object (surface), fitting the surface to a discrete point position of the layer determined by drilling and adit to obtain a curved surface, repeating the above processes, and respectively modeling each ground layer surface and a broken layer surface to obtain a lithology and structural distribution condition surface model of the whole modeling area;
(5) editing the curved surface, and adjusting the unreasonable part on the curved surface by dragging the nodes of the triangular surface network in the GOCAD; in order to establish unified constraint on the stratum surface, the stratum surface is positioned in the same range in the vertical direction, a Tube surface is generated under a Surfacemode model of GOCAD, and then the boundary of the stratum surface which needs to be extended through an edit function under the Surfacemode model is extended to the Tube surface; cutting unwanted portions of the formation plane via byprocesses commands;
(6) establishing a grid/solid model, namely completing the establishment of a geological grid model through a grid model object (Sgrid) of GOCAD;
and secondly, evaluating the geological environment by using the constructed geological model:
1) establishing a geological environment evaluation layered structure model; the geological environment evaluation layered structure model comprises three layers, namely a target layer, a criterion layer and a factor layer; the target of the target layer is a geological environment evaluation grade; the criterion layer is a plurality of units corresponding to the target, and the units are respectively a geological environment background unit, a basic overview unit and a geological environment problem unit; each of the units includes a plurality of evaluation indexes; all the evaluation indexes form the factor layer;
2) constructing an evaluation index judgment matrix of each unit;
3) according to the evaluation index judgment matrix, calculating the weight of each evaluation index in the unit corresponding to the evaluation index judgment matrix, and eliminating the evaluation indexes of which the weights are smaller than a first threshold value to determine effective evaluation indexes;
4) the effective evaluation index is an evaluation index of which the weight is greater than or equal to the first threshold;
5) performing dimensionless quantization processing on all the effective evaluation indexes to obtain a dimensionless quantization weight of each effective evaluation index; calculating the subjective weight of each effective evaluation index by adopting an analytic hierarchy process; calculating the entropy weight of each effective evaluation index by using the information entropy; checking the consistency relation of the entropy weights by adopting an analytic hierarchy process to determine the objective weight of each effective evaluation index;
6) and determining the evaluation grade of the geological environment according to the subjective weight, the objective weight and the dimensionless quantitative weight of each effective evaluation index.
Further, before the first step, the following steps are carried out:
step 1, acquiring geological image data by a geological remote sensing image acquisition module through satellite remote sensing;
and 3, correcting the drawn geological data by using a correction program through a mapping correction module.
In the first step, a geological model is built by a geological modeling module and a modeling program;
and in the second step, the geological environment is evaluated by using an evaluation program through a geological environment evaluation module.
In the first step, the GOCAD software fuses qualitative data of geologic body shapes based on a DSI interpolation method, a geologic body grid is composed of boundaries and internal grid units, wherein the boundaries are defined by interfaces of the geologic body, and the internal grid units represent internal components of the geologic body and are used for carrying out an object-oriented random simulation method.
Further, after the second step, the following steps are carried out:
carrying out cloud storage on the acquired geological image, the mapping graph and the constructed geological model by using a cloud server through a cloud storage module; and the collected data is displayed by the display module through the display.
Further, in the second step, the constructing an evaluation index judgment matrix for each unit specifically includes:
calculating the importance ratio of any two evaluation indexes in each unit according to a 1-9 scaling method;
determining a preliminary judgment matrix according to the importance ratio;
normalizing the preliminary judgment matrix to obtain an evaluation index judgment matrix of each unit;
the calculating, according to the evaluation index determination matrix, a weight of each evaluation index in the unit corresponding to the evaluation index determination matrix, and eliminating the evaluation index of which the weight is smaller than a first threshold value to determine an effective evaluation index specifically includes:
calculating a characteristic vector of the evaluation index judgment matrix according to the evaluation index judgment matrix;
calculating the weight of each evaluation index; the weight is the ratio of the feature vector corresponding to the evaluation index to the sum of all the feature vectors;
judging whether the weight of the evaluation index is smaller than a first threshold value or not to obtain a first judgment result;
if the first judgment result shows that the weight of the evaluation index is smaller than the first threshold, rejecting the evaluation index of which the weight is smaller than the first threshold;
if the first judgment result shows that the weight value of the evaluation index is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, the evaluation index with the weight value greater than or equal to the first threshold value is reserved; the effective evaluation index is an evaluation index of which the weight is greater than or equal to the first threshold.
Further, in step 1, the method for acquiring geological image data by satellite remote sensing comprises the following steps:
appointing a reference image as a reference for geographic projection, pixel size and data type of an output image after contrast matching and mosaic in the mosaic process;
in image mosaic, a certain repeated coverage area is ensured between adjacent image frames, and before mosaic, accurate matching is required to be carried out on all mosaic images or the repeated coverage area so as to equalize the brightness value and the contrast of an output image after mosaic;
in the repeated coverage area, the images have higher registration accuracy, and if necessary, the images need to be registered by using control points;
in step 2, the geological mapping method comprises the following steps:
extracting a plurality of attribute items from the geologic body attribute item data, and representing each attribute item by using an attribute symbol so as to construct a geologic symbol model;
defining a plurality of attribute items of each geological body on a geological map and the spatial relationship among the attribute items according to national standard, international standard or custom standard, extracting attribute symbols in the geological symbol model, representing the geological bodies by using the corresponding attribute symbols, and enabling the attribute symbols to be constrained by the spatial relationship among the attribute items so as to form a geological body combination symbol of each geological body;
through a computer, the attribute symbols in the geological body combination symbols are associated with characters corresponding to corresponding code values in a regional geological map legend through the attribute code values of the geological body, so that comprehensive representation symbols are formed through combination;
carrying out computer processing on the comprehensive representation symbols according to the coding principle and the coding method of the regional geological map legend, converting the geological body comprehensive representation symbols into geological symbols capable of being displayed by a computer, and then outputting the geological symbols to be displayed on the geological map;
in step 3, the geological data correction method comprises the following steps:
converting the comprehensive representation symbols according to the coding principle and the coding method of the regional geological map legend to convert the geological body combination symbols into geological symbols, and then virtually outputting the geological symbols to enable the virtual geological symbols to be displayed on the geological map in a simulated mode;
calculating the aspect ratio of the virtual geological symbol, and determining the maximum limit and the minimum limit of the size of the virtual geological symbol;
if the floor area of the geological body on the geological map can meet the maximum limit and the minimum limit of the size of the virtual geological symbol, determining the drawing scale of the virtual geological symbol and the position of the virtual geological symbol displayed on the geological body, and enabling the virtual geological symbol to be materialized and displayed on the geological map actually.
The invention also aims to provide an information data processing terminal for realizing the digital remote sensing geological mapping method.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of digital remote sensing geological mapping.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a digital remote sensing geological mapping system for implementing the digital remote sensing geological mapping method, the digital remote sensing geological mapping system comprising:
the geological remote sensing image acquisition module is connected with the main control module and is used for acquiring geological image data through satellite remote sensing;
the main control module is connected with the geological remote sensing image acquisition module, the geological drawing module, the mapping correction module, the geological modeling module, the geological environment evaluation module, the cloud storage module and the display module and is used for controlling each module to normally work through the host;
the geological drawing module is connected with the main control module and used for drawing geology according to the collected remote sensing data through a drawing program;
the mapping correction module is connected with the main control module and used for correcting the drawn geological data through a correction program;
the geological modeling module is connected with the main control module and used for building a geological model through a modeling program;
the geological environment evaluation module is connected with the main control module and used for evaluating the geological environment through an evaluation program;
the cloud storage module is connected with the main control module and is used for carrying out cloud storage on the collected geological image, the mapping graph and the constructed geological model through a cloud server;
and the display module is connected with the main control module and used for displaying the acquired geological image, the mapping graph and the constructed geological model through the display.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the method comprises the steps of fitting and interpolating by using discrete geological exploration data measured in the field through a geological modeling module, establishing a three-dimensional geological model of information such as terrain, stratum boundary, attributes and the like simulated in proportion, and embodying geological structure information through three-dimensional visualization; meanwhile, the geological environment evaluation module is used for closely combining the analytic hierarchy process and the information entropy theory, and the process of integrating the subjective intention and the objective reality of the geological environment is completely reflected. Particularly, in the aspect of evaluation index weight selection and measurement, the analytic hierarchy process calculates the evaluation index weight according to subjective experience, an information entropy technology is utilized to mathematically describe objective uncertainty existing in the evaluation index, and the two are reasonably coupled to construct an evaluation index weight system which tends to be more reasonable, accurate and comprehensive.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a digital remote sensing geological mapping method provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a digital remote sensing geological mapping system provided by the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a geological remote sensing image acquisition module; 2. a main control module; 3. a geological mapping module; 4. a mapping correction module; 5. a geological modeling module; 6. a geological environment evaluation module; 7. a cloud storage module; 8. and a display module.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a geological modeling module modeling method provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a geological environment evaluation module evaluation method provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The existing digital remote sensing geological mapping system is not easy to directly, completely and accurately obtain three-dimensional geological conditions; meanwhile, the existing geological environment evaluation methods are biased to single evaluation in subjective or objective aspects, and the evaluation results lack comprehensiveness and accuracy; the existing geological environment evaluation method mainly aims at comprehensive evaluation of a large range of types, but lacks of targeted evaluation on a certain type; in the aspect of index selection, the selection of the existing geological environment evaluation index is directed at regional multi-type comprehensive evaluation, but for single evaluation, an index system should be more pertinent and scientific.
To solve the above problems, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the digital remote sensing geological mapping method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
and S101, acquiring geological image data by a geological remote sensing image acquisition module through satellite remote sensing.
And S102, the main control module draws the geology according to the collected remote sensing data by using a drawing program through a geology drawing module.
And S103, correcting the drawn geological data by using a correction program through a mapping correction module.
And S104, building a geological model by using a modeling program through a geological modeling module.
And S105, evaluating the geological environment by utilizing an evaluation program through a geological environment evaluation module.
And S106, carrying out cloud storage on the acquired geological image, the mapping graph and the constructed geological model by using a cloud server through a cloud storage module. And the collected data is displayed by the display module through the display.
As shown in fig. 2, the digital remote sensing geological mapping system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: the geological remote sensing image acquisition module 1, the main control module 2, the geological drawing module 3, the surveying and mapping correction module 4, the geological modeling module 5, the geological environment evaluation module 6, the cloud storage module 7 and the display module 8.
And the geological remote sensing image acquisition module 1 is connected with the main control module 2 and is used for acquiring geological image data through satellite remote sensing.
And the main control module 2 is connected with the geological remote sensing image acquisition module 1, the geological drawing module 3, the surveying and mapping correction module 4, the geological modeling module 5, the geological environment evaluation module 6, the cloud storage module 7 and the display module 8 and is used for controlling each module to normally work through a host.
And the geological drawing module 3 is connected with the main control module 2 and used for drawing geology according to the collected remote sensing data through a drawing program.
And the mapping correction module 4 is connected with the main control module 2 and is used for correcting the drawn geological data through a correction program.
And the geological modeling module 5 is connected with the main control module 2 and used for constructing a geological model through a modeling program.
And the geological environment evaluation module 6 is connected with the main control module 2 and is used for evaluating the geological environment through an evaluation program.
And the cloud storage module 7 is connected with the main control module 2 and is used for carrying out cloud storage on the collected geological image, the mapping graph and the constructed geological model through a cloud server.
And the display module 8 is connected with the main control module 2 and used for displaying the acquired geological image, the mapping graph and the constructed geological model through a display.
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The digital remote sensing geological mapping method provided by the invention comprises the method of figure 1, and is characterized in that as shown in figure 3, the modeling method of the geological modeling module 5 provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s201, analyzing, importing and generating the data. If the original data point file is measured, the file can be imported into the GOCAD through a text format. When no original data point file is measured, contour lines can be extracted from the topographic map, the AUTOCAD map is stored in DXF format, and the DXF file is imported into GOCAD.
S202, establishing a structural ground surface. According to the point set generated in step S201, a terrain curved surface is generated by the surface creation function in the GOCAD, if the nodes on the generated point surface and the control points do not coincide, geometric adaptation is required, then unnecessary constraints are hidden by hierarchy constraints, and finally, an isoline value is attached.
And S203, generating a drilling hole. The drilling data is only used as control elements of the layer, drilling related data is input in a text file mode in modeling, and after the data is read into the GOCAD, information of each layer can be modified on a Marker item of Well and the occurrence information of each layer can be added.
And S204, modeling of rock layers and structural surfaces. Leading the earth surface exposed line of the rock stratum into GOCAD from AUTOCAD to obtain a curve object, converting the rock stratum attitude into a tangent vector of a surface, stretching the curve object of the earth surface for a certain distance along the tangent vector to obtain a surface object (surface), fitting the surface to the discrete point position of the layer determined by drilling and adit to obtain a curved surface, repeating the processes, and respectively modeling each ground surface and fault surface to obtain a lithology and structural distribution condition surface model of the whole modeling area.
And S205, editing the curved surface. And for the unreasonable part on the curved surface, the nodes of the triangular surface network are dragged in the GOCAD to adjust. In order to establish uniform constraint on the stratum surface, the stratum surface is located in the same range in the vertical direction, the Tube surface is generated under the surfacetmode model of the GOCAD, and then the boundary of the stratum surface needing to be extended through the edge function under the surfacetmode model is extended to the Tube surface. The unwanted portions of the formation level are cut by the byprocesses command.
S206, establishing a grid/solid model, and completing the establishment of a geological grid model through a grid model object (Sgrid) of GOCAD.
The GOCAD software provided by the invention is based on a DSI interpolation method, qualitative data of a geologic body shape are fused, a geologic body grid is composed of a boundary and internal grid units, wherein the boundary is defined by an interface of the geologic body, and the internal grid units represent internal components of the geologic body, and are used for carrying out an object-oriented random simulation method.
Example 2
The digital remote sensing geological mapping method provided by the invention comprises the method shown in figure 1, and is characterized in that as shown in figure 4, the geological environment evaluation module 6 provided by the invention has the following evaluation method:
s301, establishing a geological environment evaluation layered structure model. The geological environment evaluation layered structure model comprises three layers, namely a target layer, a criterion layer and a factor layer. And the target of the target layer is the geological environment evaluation level. The criterion layer is a plurality of units corresponding to the target, and the units are respectively a geological environment background unit, a basic overview unit and a geological environment problem unit. Each of the units includes a plurality of evaluation indexes. All of the evaluation indexes constitute the factor layer.
S302, constructing an evaluation index judgment matrix of each unit.
S303, according to the evaluation index judgment matrix, calculating the weight of each evaluation index in the unit corresponding to the evaluation index judgment matrix, and eliminating the evaluation indexes with the weights smaller than a first threshold value to determine effective evaluation indexes.
S304, the effective evaluation index is the evaluation index of which the weight is greater than or equal to the first threshold.
S305, performing dimensionless quantization processing on all the effective evaluation indexes to obtain a dimensionless quantization weight of each effective evaluation index; calculating the subjective weight of each effective evaluation index by adopting an analytic hierarchy process; calculating the entropy weight of each effective evaluation index by using the information entropy; and (3) checking the consistency relation of the entropy weights by adopting an analytic hierarchy process to determine the objective weight of each effective evaluation index.
S306, determining the evaluation grade of the geological environment according to the subjective weight, the objective weight and the dimensionless quantitative weight of each effective evaluation index.
Example 3
The digital remote sensing geological mapping method provided by the invention comprises the method of the embodiment 2, and is characterized in that,
the principles for establishing the geological environment evaluation layered structure model provided by the invention comprise a scientific principle, a representative principle, a concise principle, a comprehensive principle, an objectivity principle and a qualitative and quantitative analysis principle of geological environment.
The invention provides a method for constructing an evaluation index judgment matrix of each unit, which specifically comprises the following steps:
and calculating the importance ratio of any two evaluation indexes in each unit according to a 1-9 scaling method.
And determining a preliminary judgment matrix according to the importance ratio.
And carrying out normalization processing on the preliminary judgment matrix to obtain an evaluation index judgment matrix of each unit.
The calculating, according to the evaluation index determination matrix, a weight of each evaluation index in the unit corresponding to the evaluation index determination matrix, and eliminating the evaluation index of which the weight is smaller than a first threshold value to determine an effective evaluation index specifically includes:
and calculating the characteristic vector of the evaluation index judgment matrix according to the evaluation index judgment matrix.
And calculating the weight value of each evaluation index. The weight is the ratio of the feature vector corresponding to the evaluation index to the sum of all the feature vectors.
And judging whether the weight of the evaluation index is smaller than a first threshold value or not to obtain a first judgment result.
And if the first judgment result shows that the weight of the evaluation index is smaller than the first threshold, rejecting the evaluation index of which the weight is smaller than the first threshold.
If the first judgment result shows that the weight value of the evaluation index is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, the evaluation index with the weight value greater than or equal to the first threshold value is reserved. The effective evaluation index is an evaluation index of which the weight is greater than or equal to the first threshold.
Example 4
The digital remote sensing geological mapping method provided by the invention comprises the method of figure 1, and is characterized in that the method for acquiring geological image data by satellite remote sensing comprises the following steps:
and designating a reference image as a reference for geographic projection, pixel size and data type of an output image after contrast matching and mosaic in the mosaic process.
In image mosaic, a certain repeated coverage area is ensured between adjacent image frames, and before mosaic, accurate matching is required to be carried out on all the mosaic images or the repeated coverage area so as to equalize the brightness value and the contrast of an output image after mosaic.
In the repeated coverage area, the images should have high registration accuracy, and if necessary, registration is carried out between the images by using control points.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the geological mapping method includes the following steps:
and extracting a plurality of attribute items from the geologic body attribute item data, and representing each attribute item by an attribute symbol so as to construct a geologic symbol model.
According to the national standard, the international standard or the custom standard, defining a plurality of attribute items of each geologic body on a geologic map and the spatial relationship among the attribute items, extracting attribute symbols in the geologic symbol model, representing the geologic bodies by using the corresponding attribute symbols, and enabling the attribute symbols to be constrained by the spatial relationship among the attribute items, thereby forming a geologic body combination symbol of each geologic body.
And through a computer, the attribute symbols in the geological body combination symbols are associated with characters corresponding to the corresponding code values in the regional geological map legend through the attribute code values of the geological body, so that the combination symbols form a comprehensive representation symbol.
And carrying out computer processing on the comprehensive representation symbols according to the coding principle and the coding method of the regional geological map legend, converting the geological body comprehensive representation symbols into geological symbols capable of being displayed by a computer, and then outputting the geological symbols to be displayed on the geological map.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for geological data correction comprises the following steps:
and converting the comprehensive representation symbols according to the coding principle and the coding method of the regional geological map legend, converting the geological body combination symbols into geological symbols, and then virtually outputting the geological symbols to enable the virtual geological symbols to be displayed on the geological map in a simulated mode.
And calculating the aspect ratio of the virtual geological symbol, and determining the maximum limit and the minimum limit of the size of the virtual geological symbol.
If the floor area of the geological body on the geological map can meet the maximum limit and the minimum limit of the size of the virtual geological symbol, determining the drawing scale of the virtual geological symbol and the position of the virtual geological symbol displayed on the geological body, and enabling the virtual geological symbol to be materialized and displayed on the geological map actually.
In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When used in whole or in part, can be implemented in a computer program product that includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded or executed on a computer, cause the flow or functions according to embodiments of the invention to occur, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website site, computer, server, or data center to another website site, computer, server, or data center via wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.)). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that includes one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A digital remote sensing geological mapping method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, constructing a geological model:
(1) analyzing, importing and generating a point set, and importing an original data point file into the GOCAD through a text format when measuring the original data point file; when no original data point file is measured, contour lines can be extracted from the topographic map, the AUTOCAD map is stored in DXF format, and the DXF file is imported into GOCAD;
(2) establishing a structural terrain surface, generating a terrain surface through a surface creation function in GOCAD according to the point set generated in the step (1), if nodes on the generated point surface are not coincident with control points, performing geometric adaptation, hiding unnecessary limit through hierarchy constraints, and attaching a contour value;
(3) generating a drill hole, wherein the drill hole data is only used as a control element of a bedding surface, the drilling related data is input in a text file mode in modeling, and after the data is read into the GOCAD, the information of each layer is modified on a Marker item of Well and the occurrence information of each layer is added;
(4) modeling rock layer surfaces and structural surfaces, leading an earth surface exposure line of a rock layer into GOCAD from AUTOCAD to obtain a curve object, converting the rock layer attitude into a tangent vector of the surface, stretching the curve object of the earth surface for a certain distance along the tangent vector to obtain a surface object (surface), fitting the surface to a discrete point position of the layer determined by drilling and adit to obtain a curved surface, repeating the above processes, and respectively modeling each ground layer surface and a broken layer surface to obtain a lithology and structural distribution condition surface model of the whole modeling area;
(5) editing the curved surface, and adjusting the unreasonable part on the curved surface by dragging the nodes of the triangular surface network in the GOCAD; in order to establish unified constraint on the stratum surface, the stratum surface is positioned in the same range in the vertical direction, a Tube surface is generated under a Surfacemode model of GOCAD, and then the boundary of the stratum surface which needs to be extended through an edit function under the Surfacemode model is extended to the Tube surface; cutting unwanted portions of the formation plane via byprocesses commands;
(6) establishing a grid/solid model, namely completing the establishment of a geological grid model through a grid model object (Sgrid) of GOCAD;
and secondly, evaluating the geological environment by using the constructed geological model:
1) establishing a geological environment evaluation layered structure model; the geological environment evaluation layered structure model comprises three layers, namely a target layer, a criterion layer and a factor layer; the target of the target layer is a geological environment evaluation grade; the criterion layer is a plurality of units corresponding to the target, and the units are respectively a geological environment background unit, a basic overview unit and a geological environment problem unit; each of the units includes a plurality of evaluation indexes; all the evaluation indexes form the factor layer;
2) constructing an evaluation index judgment matrix of each unit;
3) according to the evaluation index judgment matrix, calculating the weight of each evaluation index in the unit corresponding to the evaluation index judgment matrix, and eliminating the evaluation indexes of which the weights are smaller than a first threshold value to determine effective evaluation indexes;
4) the effective evaluation index is an evaluation index of which the weight is greater than or equal to the first threshold;
5) performing dimensionless quantization processing on all the effective evaluation indexes to obtain a dimensionless quantization weight of each effective evaluation index; calculating the subjective weight of each effective evaluation index by adopting an analytic hierarchy process; calculating the entropy weight of each effective evaluation index by using the information entropy; checking the consistency relation of the entropy weights by adopting an analytic hierarchy process to determine the objective weight of each effective evaluation index;
6) and determining the evaluation grade of the geological environment according to the subjective weight, the objective weight and the dimensionless quantitative weight of each effective evaluation index.
2. The digital remote sensing geological mapping method of claim 1, wherein prior to the first step, the following steps are performed:
step 1, acquiring geological image data by a geological remote sensing image acquisition module through satellite remote sensing;
step 2, the main control module draws geology according to the collected remote sensing data by using a drawing program through a geology drawing module;
and 3, correcting the drawn geological data by using a correction program through a mapping correction module.
3. The digital remote sensing geological mapping method of claim 1, wherein in the first step, a geological model is constructed by a geological modeling module using a modeling program;
and in the second step, the geological environment is evaluated by using an evaluation program through a geological environment evaluation module.
4. The digital remote sensing geological mapping of claim 1, wherein in a first step, said godad software fuses qualitative data of the geological shape based on DSI interpolation, a geological volume grid consisting of boundaries defined by interfaces of the geological volume and internal grid cells representing internal components of the geological volume for performing object-oriented stochastic simulation.
5. The digital remote sensing geological mapping of claim 1, wherein after the second step, further performing:
carrying out cloud storage on the acquired geological image, the mapping graph and the constructed geological model by using a cloud server through a cloud storage module; and the collected data is displayed by the display module through the display.
6. The digital remote sensing geological mapping system of claim 1, wherein in the second step, the constructing of the evaluation index decision matrix for each of the units specifically comprises:
calculating the importance ratio of any two evaluation indexes in each unit according to a 1-9 scaling method;
determining a preliminary judgment matrix according to the importance ratio;
normalizing the preliminary judgment matrix to obtain an evaluation index judgment matrix of each unit;
the calculating, according to the evaluation index determination matrix, a weight of each evaluation index in the unit corresponding to the evaluation index determination matrix, and eliminating the evaluation index of which the weight is smaller than a first threshold value to determine an effective evaluation index specifically includes:
calculating a characteristic vector of the evaluation index judgment matrix according to the evaluation index judgment matrix;
calculating the weight of each evaluation index; the weight is the ratio of the feature vector corresponding to the evaluation index to the sum of all the feature vectors;
judging whether the weight of the evaluation index is smaller than a first threshold value or not to obtain a first judgment result;
if the first judgment result shows that the weight of the evaluation index is smaller than the first threshold, rejecting the evaluation index of which the weight is smaller than the first threshold;
if the first judgment result shows that the weight value of the evaluation index is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, the evaluation index with the weight value greater than or equal to the first threshold value is reserved; the effective evaluation index is an evaluation index of which the weight is greater than or equal to the first threshold.
7. The digital remote sensing geological mapping method of claim 2, wherein in step 1, the method for acquiring geological image data by satellite remote sensing comprises the following steps:
appointing a reference image as a reference for geographic projection, pixel size and data type of an output image after contrast matching and mosaic in the mosaic process;
in image mosaic, a certain repeated coverage area is ensured between adjacent image frames, and before mosaic, accurate matching is required to be carried out on all mosaic images or the repeated coverage area so as to equalize the brightness value and the contrast of an output image after mosaic;
in the repeated coverage area, the images have higher registration accuracy, and if necessary, the images need to be registered by using control points;
in step 2, the geological mapping method comprises the following steps:
extracting a plurality of attribute items from the geologic body attribute item data, and representing each attribute item by using an attribute symbol so as to construct a geologic symbol model;
defining a plurality of attribute items of each geological body on a geological map and the spatial relationship among the attribute items according to national standard, international standard or custom standard, extracting attribute symbols in the geological symbol model, representing the geological bodies by using the corresponding attribute symbols, and enabling the attribute symbols to be constrained by the spatial relationship among the attribute items so as to form a geological body combination symbol of each geological body;
through a computer, the attribute symbols in the geological body combination symbols are associated with characters corresponding to corresponding code values in a regional geological map legend through the attribute code values of the geological body, so that comprehensive representation symbols are formed through combination;
carrying out computer processing on the comprehensive representation symbols according to the coding principle and the coding method of the regional geological map legend, converting the geological body comprehensive representation symbols into geological symbols capable of being displayed by a computer, and then outputting the geological symbols to be displayed on the geological map;
in step 3, the geological data correction method comprises the following steps:
converting the comprehensive representation symbols according to the coding principle and the coding method of the regional geological map legend to convert the geological body combination symbols into geological symbols, and then virtually outputting the geological symbols to enable the virtual geological symbols to be displayed on the geological map in a simulated mode;
calculating the aspect ratio of the virtual geological symbol, and determining the maximum limit and the minimum limit of the size of the virtual geological symbol;
if the floor area of the geological body on the geological map can meet the maximum limit and the minimum limit of the size of the virtual geological symbol, determining the drawing scale of the virtual geological symbol and the position of the virtual geological symbol displayed on the geological body, and enabling the virtual geological symbol to be materialized and displayed on the geological map actually.
8. An information data processing terminal for implementing the digital remote sensing geological mapping method of any claim 1-7.
9. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of digital remote sensing geological mapping according to any of claims 1-7.
10. A digital remote sensing geological mapping system for implementing the digital remote sensing geological mapping method according to any of claims 1-7, wherein the digital remote sensing geological mapping system comprises:
the geological remote sensing image acquisition module is connected with the main control module and is used for acquiring geological image data through satellite remote sensing;
the main control module is connected with the geological remote sensing image acquisition module, the geological drawing module, the mapping correction module, the geological modeling module, the geological environment evaluation module, the cloud storage module and the display module and is used for controlling each module to normally work through the host;
the geological drawing module is connected with the main control module and used for drawing geology according to the collected remote sensing data through a drawing program;
the mapping correction module is connected with the main control module and used for correcting the drawn geological data through a correction program;
the geological modeling module is connected with the main control module and used for building a geological model through a modeling program;
the geological environment evaluation module is connected with the main control module and used for evaluating the geological environment through an evaluation program;
the cloud storage module is connected with the main control module and is used for carrying out cloud storage on the collected geological image, the mapping graph and the constructed geological model through a cloud server;
and the display module is connected with the main control module and used for displaying the acquired geological image, the mapping graph and the constructed geological model through the display.
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| CN111695280A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-22 | 云南农业大学 | Multi-order slope multi-stage sliding surface searching method based on critical displacement contour line |
| CN111851299A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-30 | 南通大学 | Digital mapping technology bridge pile position deviation rapid control construction method |
| CN112308360A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-02-02 | 青岛理工大学 | Rock foundation pit safety evaluation method based on entropy weight method correction AHP method |
| CN112800158A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-05-14 | 吉林大学 | Vectorization representation method of geological map |
| CN117935080A (en) * | 2024-03-19 | 2024-04-26 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Power transmission and transformation project geological distribution map drawing processing method based on big data |
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| CN112800158A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-05-14 | 吉林大学 | Vectorization representation method of geological map |
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