CN110824545A - Method for automatically and quickly observing complex surface and optimizing excited drug amount - Google Patents

Method for automatically and quickly observing complex surface and optimizing excited drug amount Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110824545A
CN110824545A CN201810906797.XA CN201810906797A CN110824545A CN 110824545 A CN110824545 A CN 110824545A CN 201810906797 A CN201810906797 A CN 201810906797A CN 110824545 A CN110824545 A CN 110824545A
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target layer
complex
requirements
earth surface
observing
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黄鹏
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Geophysical Research Institute
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Geophysical Research Institute
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/003—Seismic data acquisition in general, e.g. survey design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/02—Generating seismic energy
    • G01V1/104—Generating seismic energy using explosive charges
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
    • G01V1/168—Deployment of receiver elements

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for automatically and quickly observing a complex earth surface and optimizing an excitation dosage, which comprises the following steps: according to an initially designed regular observation system and a satellite picture or a reconnaissance photo of a complex earth surface, combining the size of a geological body of a target layer and imaging requirements, and observing system change from the imaging angle of the target layer; importing a barrier drug quantity demand file, and analyzing the visualized optimal drug quantity to obtain an initial drug quantity for the complex surface barrier; performing forward simulation analysis according to the observation system after observation and the initial dose, and performing target stratum geologic body imaging effect and quality analysis on the obtained simulation result; if the imaging effect and quality of the obtained simulation result cannot meet the requirements of the target layer geologic body, returning to perform observation system changing and dosage optimization adjustment again until the requirements of the target layer geologic body are met; and when the imaging effect and quality meet the requirements of the geologic body of the target layer, outputting a final observation system and a final medicine amount aiming at the complex earth surface.

Description

Method for automatically and quickly observing complex surface and optimizing excited drug amount
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field exploration and development, in particular to a method for automatically and quickly observing a complex earth surface and optimizing an excitation dosage.
Background
With the continuous deepening of the oil and gas exploration degree and the increase of the complexity of the oil and gas reservoir, the difficulty of seismic exploration is more and more increased. In the seismic data acquisition, an omnibearing observation system is usually designed and rolls continuously, single-point and small-cannon spacing excitation, single-point and small-track spacing and full-frequency-band reception are adopted, high-density and high-coverage times are acquired, and the field data acquisition quality is greatly improved along with the popularization and application of a high-density seismic exploration technology. By designing a better three-dimensional observation system, the quality of seismic data can be improved to a certain extent, but the quality is limited by the influence of complex surface conditions, so that the serious observing problem of the observation system is caused, and the quality of the original seismic data is influenced. Scholars at home and abroad discuss the design principle, parameter design and working steps of the observation system and provide certain reference for technical personnel engaged in seismic data acquisition. Based on wave equation seismic lighting analysis, the design scheme of the observation system in the process of acquiring the complex surface area earthquake can be improved. And aiming at an energy shielding area and a weak energy area generated underground, the observation system can be changed by means of shot point observation and the like.
Conventional methods typically make observation system changes based only on obstructions, or make adjustments to the shot in the observation system by subsurface lighting. The conventional method does not fully consider the change of the explosive amount of a shot point and does not consider the difference of the explosive amount around different obstacles while adjusting an observation system. Different obstacles have different requirements on the explosive amount, and different explosive amounts also determine the quality of original data.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a complex earth surface automatic rapid observation and excited drug amount optimization method which is beneficial to improving the quality of earthquake original data.
The invention discloses a method for automatically and quickly observing a complex earth surface and optimizing the amount of an excited drug, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: according to an initially designed regular observation system and a satellite picture or a reconnaissance photo of a complex earth surface, combining the size of a geological body of a target layer and imaging requirements, and observing system change from the imaging angle of the target layer;
step 2: importing a barrier drug quantity demand file, and analyzing the visualized optimal drug quantity to obtain an initial drug quantity for the complex surface barrier;
and step 3: performing forward simulation analysis according to the observation system after observation and the initial dose, and performing target stratum geologic body imaging effect and quality analysis on the obtained simulation result;
step 4, if the imaging effect and the quality of the obtained simulation result do not meet the requirements of the target layer geologic body, returning to the step 1 and the step 2 to perform observation system observation changing and dosage optimization adjustment again until the requirements of the target layer geologic body are met;
and 5, outputting a final observation system and a final medicine amount aiming at the complex earth surface when the imaging effect and the quality meet the requirements of the geologic body of the target layer.
Further, the step 1 includes determining the range of the obstacle by an automatic recognition technology combining image gray processing and RGB three primary colors according to a satellite picture or a reconnaissance photo of the complex earth surface, so as to clarify the range in which the shot points cannot be arranged.
Further, in the step 1, moving shot-geophone points within the range of the obstacle by combining the size of the geologic body of the target layer and imaging requirements, and fully considering the imaging quality of the target layer while observing system change.
Further, in the step 2, the method specifically includes:
step 2.1, importing a barrier drug quantity demand file, investigating barriers in a work area range, and determining the safe distance of each barrier and the requirement on the drug quantity;
step 2.2, setting the demand parameters of each barrier to the dosage according to the safety distance;
and 2.3, obtaining the initial dose for the complex barrier according to the position of the shot point after the observation system is observed.
Further, the initial amount of the complex barrier C1＝δk,ids/di. Wherein: deltak,iIs a dosage requirement parameter, and the unit is kg; dsIs the distance from the shot point to the obstacle in m; diIs the safe distance of the obstacle in m.
Further, in the step 2.1, the formula C is calculated according to the dosage1＝δk,ids/diThe explosive amount is adjusted and optimized while the shot point moves, and a linkage optimization mechanism is formed between the shot point position and the explosive amount.
Further, in the step 4 or 5, the imaging effect and quality meet the requirements of the target layer geologic body, and the imaging effect and quality refer to that geologic bodies such as thin interbed sand bodies, micro fractures, river sedimentation, overburden, pinch-out and the like can be distinguished according to the imaging effect and quality of the target layer geologic body.
Compared with the prior art, the complex earth surface automatic rapid observing and excited drug amount optimizing method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the observation system is changed according to the obstacles, or the shot point in the observation system is adjusted through underground illumination, the change of the drug amount of the shot point is not fully considered, and the defect of difference of the drug amounts around different obstacles is not considered in the conventional method, the two aspects of the obstacle changing and the drug amount optimizing of the earth surface are synchronously started, the optimal observed observation system and the final drug amount optimizing are realized by combining the requirements of the target layer geologic body of the underground target layer geologic body, so that the optimal field acquisition parameters and the optimal seismic data are obtained, and the high-quality original data are provided for the subsequent processing and the explanation in a seismic data room.
The features mentioned above can be combined in various suitable ways or replaced by equivalent features as long as the object of the invention is achieved.
Drawings
The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of non-limiting examples only and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for automatic rapid observation and excitation dose optimization of complex earth surface according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a satellite picture of a complex earth surface in an embodiment of the method for automatic rapid observation and excitation dose optimization of a complex earth surface of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the pre-observation effect of the observation system in the embodiment of the method for automatically and rapidly observing the complex surface and optimizing the amount of the excited drug.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the effect of the observation system after changing in the embodiment of the method for automatically and rapidly changing the complex ground surface and optimizing the amount of the excited drug.
Fig. 5 is a distribution diagram of different drug dose excitation points in an embodiment of the complex surface automatic rapid review and excitation drug dose optimization method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples. It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the embodiments and the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for automatically and rapidly observing a complex earth surface and optimizing the amount of an excited drug comprises the following steps:
step 1, observing the system according to the initially designed regular observation system and the satellite picture or the foot-print of the complex earth surface, combining the geologic body size of the target layer and the imaging requirement, and observing the system from the imaging angle of the target layer.
Wherein, specifically include:
(1) according to satellite pictures or reconnaissance photographs of complex earth surfaces, the range of the obstacle is quickly and efficiently determined through an automatic identification technology combining image gray processing and RGB three primary colors, and therefore the range in which shot points and wave detection points cannot be arranged is defined. As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, fig. 2 is a satellite picture of a complex earth surface in the present embodiment, and fig. 3 shows an obstacle range identified by an automatic recognition technology combining image gray processing and three primary colors of RGB, where a light-colored region is a region where a shot point cannot be laid out, a point in the light-colored region is a pre-system-observation shot point, and a shot point in the light-colored region needs to be moved out of the light-colored region.
(2) According to an initially designed regular observation system and a satellite picture or a reconnaissance photo of a complex earth surface, by combining the size of a geological body of a target layer and imaging requirements, shot and examine points in the range of the obstacle are moved, and the imaging quality of the target layer is fully considered while observing system change is carried out.
And 2, importing a barrier drug quantity demand file, and analyzing the visualized optimal drug quantity to obtain the initial drug quantity for the complex surface barrier. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps of,
and 2.1, importing a barrier drug quantity demand file, investigating barriers in a work area range, determining the safe distance of each barrier and the requirement on the drug quantity, and avoiding damage to the barriers caused by too large drug quantity.
Step 2.2, respectively setting a demand parameter delta of each barrier for the dosage according to the safety distancek,iIn kg, different distances determine different dosages.
Step 2.3, analyzing the optimal dosage of the observation system after the observation, and obtaining the initial dosage C for the complex barrier according to the position of the shot point after the observation system is observed1＝δk,ids/di. Wherein, deltak,iIs a dosage requirement parameter, and the unit is kg; dsIs the distance from the shot point to the obstacle in m; diIs the safe distance of the obstacle in m.
Step 3, observing the system and the initial medicine amount C after the observation1And performing forward modeling analysis, and performing target layer geologic body imaging effect and quality analysis on the obtained simulation result.
The forward modeling result reflects the influence of observation system observing change and dosage optimization, the objective layer geologic body imaging effect and quality analysis are carried out on the modeling result, and the adaptability and feasibility of the observation system observing change and dosage optimization result can be fully judged.
Step 4, based on the forward modeling result, when the imaging effect and quality can not meet the requirements of the target layer geologic body, namely according to the geologic body of the target layer, the geologic bodies such as thin interbed sand bodies, micro fractures, riverway sedimentation, overburden, pinch-out and the like can not be distinguished,the observation system changing and the medicine amount optimization adjustment need to be carried out again. Calculating formula C according to the dosage1＝δk,ids/diWhile the shot moves, i.e. the distance d of the shot to the obstaclesThe dosage is changed and adjusted and optimized, and a linkage optimization mechanism is formed between the position of a shot point and the dosage.
Figure 4 shows that shots in the range of an obstacle are automatically moved outside the safe firing distance of the obstacle and are assigned different firing doses by calculation. Figure 5 is a result and display of the drug load assignments for all of the reviewed shots. As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, after the system is visualized, the medicine amount is adjusted and changed according to the change of the distance from the shot point to the obstacle.
And 5, performing forward modeling and quantitative data analysis based on the optimized observation system and the adjusted dosage. When the imaging effect and quality meet the requirements of the geologic body of the target layer, namely, the geologic bodies such as thin interbed sand bodies, micro fractures, riverway sedimentation, overburden, pinch-out and the like can be distinguished according to the geologic body of the target layer, a final observation system and a final dosage aiming at the complex earth surface are output.
The method for automatically and quickly observing the complex earth surface and exciting the medicine amount optimization synchronously starts from two aspects of obstacle observation and medicine amount optimization of the complex earth surface, and combines the requirements of the target layer geologic body of the underground target layer geologic body to realize an optimal observation system after observation and final medicine amount optimization. Under the objective requirement of limiting the dosage of complex earth surface and barriers, the imaging quality of an underground target layer is taken as a guideline, and an observation system and the dosage of a shot point are synchronously optimized, so that the optimal field acquisition parameters and the optimal seismic data are obtained.
Although the operations of the present invention are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this does not imply that the operations must be performed in that particular order, or that all of the illustrated operations must be performed, to achieve desirable results. Certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps combined into one step or a step divided into multiple steps performed.
It will thus be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as no conflict exists. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A method for automatically and quickly observing a complex surface and optimizing an excited drug amount is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: according to an initially designed regular observation system and a satellite picture or a reconnaissance photo of a complex earth surface, combining the size of a geological body of a target layer and imaging requirements, and observing system change from the imaging angle of the target layer;
step 2: importing a barrier drug quantity demand file, and analyzing the visualized optimal drug quantity to obtain an initial drug quantity for the complex surface barrier;
and step 3: performing forward simulation analysis according to the observation system after observation and the initial dose, and performing target stratum geologic body imaging effect and quality analysis on the obtained simulation result;
step 4, if the imaging effect and the quality of the obtained simulation result do not meet the requirements of the target layer geologic body, returning to the step 1 and the step 2 to perform observation system observation changing and dosage optimization adjustment again until the requirements of the target layer geologic body are met;
and 5, outputting a final observation system and a final medicine amount aiming at the complex earth surface when the imaging effect and the quality meet the requirements of the geologic body of the target layer.
2. The method for automatically and rapidly observing the complex earth surface and optimizing the excited drug amount according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 comprises determining the range of the obstacles by an automatic identification technology combining image gray processing and RGB three primary colors according to a satellite picture or a reconnaissance photo of the complex earth surface, so as to define the range in which the shot points cannot be arranged.
3. The method for automatically and rapidly observing the complex earth surface and optimizing the excited drug quantity according to claim 2, wherein the step 1 further comprises moving a shot point within the range of the obstacle in combination with the size of the geologic body of the target layer and the imaging requirements, and the imaging quality of the target layer is fully considered while observing system change is carried out.
4. The method for automatically and rapidly observing the complex surface and optimizing the amount of the excited drug according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, importing a barrier drug quantity demand file, investigating barriers in a work area range, and determining the safe distance of each barrier and the requirement on the drug quantity;
step 2.2, setting the demand parameters of each barrier to the dosage according to the safety distance;
and 2.3, obtaining the initial dose for the complex barrier according to the position of the shot point after the observation system is observed.
5. The method for automatically and rapidly observing and exciting the medicine amount of a complex earth surface according to claim 4, wherein the initial medicine amount of the complex obstacle is calculated according to the following formula,
C1＝δk,ids/di，
wherein: deltak,iIs a dosage requirement parameter, and the unit is kg; dsIs the distance from the shot point to the obstacle in m; diIs the safe distance of the obstacle in m.
6. The method for automatically and rapidly observing and triggering the optimization of the drug quantity on the complex earth surface according to claim 4 or claim 5, wherein in the step 2.3, the drug quantity value is changed along with the movement and the change of the shot point position, and a linkage optimization mechanism is formed between the shot point position and the drug quantity.
7. The method for automatically and rapidly observing the complex earth surface and optimizing the excited drug amount according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4 or 5, the imaging effect and the quality meet the requirements of the geological body of the target layer, which means that the geological body can be distinguished according to the imaging effect and the quality of the geological body of the target layer.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the geologic volume comprises thin interbedded sand, microfractures, channel deposits, overburden and pinch-out geologic volumes.
CN201810906797.XA 2018-08-10 2018-08-10 Method for automatically and quickly observing complex surface and optimizing excited drug amount Pending CN110824545A (en)

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CN111474579A (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-07-31 成都理工大学 Automatic view changing method based on uniform coverage times
CN113643430A (en) * 2020-05-11 2021-11-12 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Intelligent observing system observing method combining surface and underground factors

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CN111474579A (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-07-31 成都理工大学 Automatic view changing method based on uniform coverage times
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