CN110823569A - Bearing fault detection method - Google Patents
Bearing fault detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110823569A CN110823569A CN201910947247.7A CN201910947247A CN110823569A CN 110823569 A CN110823569 A CN 110823569A CN 201910947247 A CN201910947247 A CN 201910947247A CN 110823569 A CN110823569 A CN 110823569A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- bearing
- transmission shaft
- detection circuit
- oil film
- outer ring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
Abstract
A bearing fault detection method judges whether a bearing has a fault by detecting oil film resistance, and comprises the following steps: the inner ring and the outer ring of the connecting bearing are respectively connected to the transmission shaft and the shell, and the outer ring and the shell connected with the outer ring are fixed; electrically connecting the transmission shaft and the shell to a detection circuit, and detecting whether the oil film resistance of the bearing is maintained in a stable state by the detection circuit; rotating the transmission shaft to enable the transmission shaft to drive the inner ring to rotate; when the oil film resistance is maintained in a stable state, an electric signal displayed by a display device connected with the detection circuit is maintained in the stable state, and the bearing is judged not to have a fault; when the resistance of the oil film changes, the electric signal displayed by the display device has a mutation phenomenon, and then the bearing is judged to have a fault. The bearing fault detection method is simple in content, convenient, practical and good in stability, and can well eliminate the interference of the external environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fault detection method, in particular to a bearing fault detection method.
Background
The existing large-scale equipment such as mechanical equipment, motors or machine tools and the like needs to use various bearings in large quantity, the quality of the bearings directly influences the performance of related equipment and parts, and the fault detection of the bearings also becomes an indispensable work. At present, in a method for detecting a bearing, failure analysis and judgment are mainly performed through two indexes of vibration and temperature of the bearing, however, in the actual sub-process, the temperature is greatly influenced by the test environment and the arrangement of sensors, and the bearing failure detection is greatly interfered. The vibration has high requirements for the arrangement of the sensor and the cost of the vibration detection device is also high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, a bearing fault detection method is needed to provide a bearing fault detection method, which aims to perform fault detection on a bearing by a simpler method, and greatly reduce the cost of bearing fault detection.
A bearing fault detection method judges whether a bearing has a fault by detecting oil film resistance, and comprises the following steps:
the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing are connected to the transmission shaft and the shell respectively, and the outer ring and the shell connected with the outer ring are fixed;
electrically connecting the transmission shaft and the housing to a detection circuit, the detection circuit detecting whether an oil film resistance of the bearing is maintained in a stable state;
rotating the transmission shaft to enable the transmission shaft to drive the inner ring to rotate;
when the oil film resistance is maintained in a stable state, an electric signal displayed by a display device connected with the detection circuit is maintained in a stable state, and the bearing is judged not to have a fault; when the oil film resistance changes, the electric signal displayed by the display device has a mutation phenomenon, and then the bearing is judged to be in fault.
In at least one embodiment, in the step of electrically connecting the drive shaft and the housing to a detection circuit which detects whether or not an oil film resistance of the bearing is maintained in a stable state, the detection circuit forms a series circuit using a resistance, a power supply, a switch, and the bearing, and first and second electronic measuring instruments are used to measure a current or a voltage of the bearing, respectively.
In at least one embodiment, the detection circuit is connected to the drive shaft by a brush.
In at least one embodiment, the display device is an oscilloscope.
In at least one embodiment, in the step "rotating the transmission shaft so that the transmission shaft rotates the inner ring" the transmission shaft is driven to rotate by a driving device.
In at least one embodiment, the drive device is a motor.
In at least one embodiment, a coupler is further arranged between the driving device and the transmission shaft, and two ends of the coupler are respectively connected with the driving device and the transmission shaft and are insulated from each other.
In at least one embodiment, in the step of "connecting the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing to the drive shaft and the housing, respectively, the outer ring and the housing connected to the outer ring are fixed" and the step of "electrically connecting the drive shaft and the housing to a detection circuit for detecting whether or not the oil film resistance of the bearing is maintained in a stable state", the housing and the detection circuit are grounded.
According to the bearing fault detection method, the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing are respectively connected with the transmission shaft and the shell, the transmission shaft and the shell are connected to the detection circuit, and the detection circuit is used for detecting whether the oil film resistance of the bearing is maintained in a stable state; rotating the transmission shaft to enable the transmission shaft to drive the inner ring to rotate, and fixing the outer ring and the shell; when the oil film resistance is maintained in a stable state, an electric signal displayed by a display device connected with the detection circuit is maintained in a stable state, and the bearing is judged not to have a fault; when the oil film resistance changes, the electric signal displayed by the display device has a mutation phenomenon, and then the bearing is judged to be in fault. The bearing fault detection method has the advantages of simple steps, convenience, practicability, easiness in analysis and judgment, lower requirement on detection equipment and reduction in bearing fault detection cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a bearing fault detection method.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a bearing failure detection apparatus.
Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the bearing.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit for detecting the bearing by the detection circuit.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a bearing when no failure occurs.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a bearing in the event of a failure.
Description of the main elements
Drive shaft 40
Brush 41
Bearing 50
The rolling elements 52
Outer casing 60
Fixing jig 70
Resistor R1
Equivalent resistance R2
First electronic measuring instrument 801
Second electronic measurement instrument 802
Switch 804
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "top," "bottom," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a bearing fault detection method is provided, which determines whether a bearing has a fault by detecting an oil film resistance of the bearing, and the method includes the following steps:
s100: the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing are connected to the transmission shaft and the shell respectively, and the outer ring and the shell connected with the outer ring are fixed;
s101: electrically connecting the transmission shaft and the housing to a detection circuit, the detection circuit detecting whether an oil film resistance of the bearing is maintained in a stable state;
s102: rotating the transmission shaft to enable the transmission shaft to drive the inner ring to rotate;
s103: when the oil film resistance is maintained in a stable state, an electric signal displayed by a display device connected with the detection circuit is maintained in a stable state, and the bearing is judged not to have a fault; when the oil film resistance changes, the electric signal displayed by the display device has a mutation phenomenon, and then the bearing is judged to be in fault.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in an embodiment, the present invention further relates to a detection apparatus 100 using the above detection method, for detecting the bearing 50. The detection device 100 includes a mounting platform 10, a driving device, a coupler 30, a transmission shaft 40, a housing 60, a fixing clamp 70, a detection circuit 80, and a display device 81.
The driving device is disposed at one side of the mounting platform 10, and further, the driving device is a motor 20. The motor 20 is connected with a transmission shaft 40 through the coupler 30, and the transmission shaft 40 passes through the bearing 50 and is connected with the bearing 50. The fixing clamp 70 is disposed at the other side of the mounting platform 10, the housing 60 is disposed in the fixing clamp 70, and the bearing 50 is disposed in the housing 60 and connected to the housing 60. One end of the detection circuit 80 is connected to the transmission shaft 40 through a brush 41, and the other end of the detection circuit 80 is connected to the housing 60 and grounded together. The detection circuit 80 is connected to the display device 81 to observe a detection result through the display device 81, and further, the display device 81 is an oscilloscope.
The mounting platform 10 needs to be grounded or the mounting platform 10 is insulated from other devices mounted thereon, and the mounting platform 10 is mainly used for fixing the motor 20 and the fixing clamp 70. Further, in order to avoid the possibility of interference generated by the motor 20 during the detection process, the coupling 30 is a coupling with an insulating property, and two ends of the coupling 30 are respectively connected to the motor 20 and the transmission shaft 40 and are insulated from each other. The fixing clamp 70 can fix the housing 60, and can adjust the position of the housing 60 according to specific needs, so as to better detect the bearing 50. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the drive means may be replaced by other means having an equivalent function or effect.
The bearing 50 includes the inner ring 51, the outer ring 53, and a plurality of rolling elements 52. The rolling elements 52 are provided between the inner ring 51 and the outer ring 53 and are in contact with the inner ring 51 and the outer ring 53, and further, may form point contact. The bearing 50 also includes a cage 54, it being understood that the cage 54 is generally a non-metallic material and that failure information of the cage 54 is not detectable. When the holder 54 is made of a metal material, the holder 54 may also be inspected. When the transmission shaft 40 passes through the bearing 50, the inner race 51 is connected to the transmission shaft 40. When the bearing 50 is disposed in the housing 60, the outer ring 53 is connected to the housing 60.
Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment, the detection circuit 80 measures the oil film resistance of the bearing 50 by using a voltammetry resistance measurement method. Specifically, the detection circuit 80 includes a resistor R1, a first electronic measurement instrument 801, a second electronic measurement instrument 802, a power supply 803, and a switch 804. The bearing 50 is equivalent to an equivalent resistor R2, the switch 804, the power source 803, the resistor R1 and the equivalent resistor R2 form a series circuit, and the first electronic measuring instrument 801 and the second electronic measuring instrument 802 are respectively used for measuring the current or the voltage of the equivalent resistor R2.
It is understood that the resistor R1 is used for current limiting when the current signal is used as the judgment basis. When the voltage is used as a judgment basis, the resistor R1 is used for dividing voltage. The detection circuit 80 measures the voltage difference across the equivalent resistance R2 by using a voltage divider circuit. The detection circuit 80 may also use other methods to measure the oil film resistance of the bearing 50, and is not limited to the above-mentioned voltammetry resistance measurement.
Preferably, in some embodiments, first electronic measurement instrument 801 and second electronic measurement instrument 802 are oscilloscopes.
In other embodiments, the first electronic measuring instrument 801 may be an ammeter for measuring the current of the equivalent resistance R2. The second electronic measurement instrument 802 may be a voltmeter for measuring the voltage of the equivalent resistance R2. It is understood that the first electronic measurement instrument 801 may also be a voltmeter and the second electronic measurement instrument 802 may also be an ammeter.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, when the detection method is combined with the above-mentioned apparatus, and whether the bearing 50 has a fault is to be detected, the specific steps are as follows:
connecting the inner ring 51 of the bearing 50 to be detected with the transmission shaft 40, connecting the outer ring 53 with the shell 60, and connecting the outer ring 53
Is fixed to the housing 60.
One ends of the drive shaft 40 and the housing 60 are connected to the detection circuit 80, and the housing 60 and the detection circuit 80 are grounded.
The motor 20 is started, the motor 20 drives the transmission shaft 40 to rotate through the coupler 30, when the transmission shaft 40 rotates, the inner ring 51 of the bearing 50 rotates together with the transmission shaft 40, and the outer ring 53 of the bearing 50 is fixed with the shell 60.
An oil film exists at the contact point of the inner ring 51, the rolling elements 52 and the outer ring 53, and separates the rotating transmission shaft 40 and the inner ring 51 from the fixed outer shell 60 and the fixed outer ring 53, and the resistance between the transmission shaft 40 and the outer shell 60 measured by the detection circuit 80 is the oil film resistance of the bearing 50.
The detection circuit 80 converts the detected oil film resistance into an electric signal, and the electric signal is displayed by the display device 81. When the electric signal displayed by the display device 81 is stable, it can be determined that the state of the bearing 50 is good. When the electric signal displayed by the display device 81 has a large sudden change, it can be determined that the bearing 50 has a fault.
In summary, according to the bearing fault detection method provided in the embodiment of the present invention, by using the detection method, the inner ring 51 and the outer ring 53 of the bearing 50 are respectively connected to the transmission shaft 40 and the housing 60, the transmission shaft 40 and the housing 60 are connected to the detection circuit 80, the bearing 50 is detected by the detection circuit 80, and the final detection result can be displayed by the display device 81 to know whether the bearing 50 is faulty. The bearing failure detection method described above detects the variation of the inner and outer ring resistances when the bearing 50 rotates by a simple circuit, and determines a failure of the bearing 50. The method is simple, convenient and practical, is easy to analyze and judge, has lower requirements on detection equipment, can reduce cost and is not easy to be interfered by the outside.
In addition, those skilled in the art should recognize that the foregoing embodiments are illustrative only, and not limiting, and that appropriate changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A bearing fault detection method judges whether a bearing has a fault by detecting oil film resistance, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing are connected to the transmission shaft and the shell respectively, and the outer ring and the shell connected with the outer ring are fixed;
electrically connecting the transmission shaft and the housing to a detection circuit, the detection circuit detecting whether an oil film resistance of the bearing is maintained in a stable state;
rotating the transmission shaft to enable the transmission shaft to drive the inner ring to rotate;
when the oil film resistance is maintained in a stable state, an electric signal displayed by a display device connected with the detection circuit is maintained in a stable state, and the bearing is judged not to have a fault; when the oil film resistance changes, the electric signal displayed by the display device has a mutation phenomenon, and then the bearing is judged to be in fault.
2. The bearing fault detection method of claim 1, wherein: in the step of electrically connecting the drive shaft and the housing to a detection circuit that detects whether or not an oil film resistance of the bearing is maintained in a stable state, the detection circuit forms a series circuit using a resistance, a power supply, a switch, and the bearing, and a first electronic measuring instrument and a second electronic measuring instrument are used for measuring a current or a voltage of the bearing, respectively.
3. The bearing fault detection method of claim 2, wherein: the detection circuit is connected with the transmission shaft through an electric brush.
4. A bearing fault detection method as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the display device is an oscilloscope.
5. The bearing fault detection method of claim 1, wherein: and in the step of rotating the transmission shaft to enable the transmission shaft to drive the inner ring to rotate, the transmission shaft is driven to rotate by a driving device.
6. The bearing fault detection method of claim 5, wherein: the driving device is a motor.
7. The bearing fault detection method of claim 5, wherein: the driving device and the transmission shaft are further provided with a coupler, and two ends of the coupler are connected with the driving device and the transmission shaft respectively and are insulated from each other.
8. The bearing fault detection method of claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the steps of connecting an inner ring and an outer ring of the bearing to a transmission shaft and a shell respectively, fixing the outer ring and the shell connected with the outer ring, and electrically connecting the transmission shaft and the shell to a detection circuit, wherein the detection circuit is used for detecting whether an oil film resistance of the bearing is maintained in a stable state, and the shell and the detection circuit are grounded.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910947247.7A CN110823569A (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Bearing fault detection method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910947247.7A CN110823569A (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Bearing fault detection method |
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| CN110823569A true CN110823569A (en) | 2020-02-21 |
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ID=69548665
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910947247.7A Pending CN110823569A (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Bearing fault detection method |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2804834Y (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2006-08-09 | 曹健 | Filmatic bearing fault testing device |
| CN105486506A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-04-13 | 湖南科技大学 | Motor bearing shaft current damage simulation test device |
| CN105699081A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-22 | 湖南科技大学 | Bearing shaft current damage comprehensive performance test device |
| CN205426754U (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-03 | 湖南科技大学 | Motor bearing electric current corrosion test device |
| JP2018155494A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2018-10-04 | 日本精工株式会社 | Bearing abnormality diagnosis system and bearing abnormality diagnosis method |
-
2019
- 2019-09-29 CN CN201910947247.7A patent/CN110823569A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2804834Y (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2006-08-09 | 曹健 | Filmatic bearing fault testing device |
| CN105486506A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-04-13 | 湖南科技大学 | Motor bearing shaft current damage simulation test device |
| CN105699081A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-22 | 湖南科技大学 | Bearing shaft current damage comprehensive performance test device |
| CN205426754U (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-03 | 湖南科技大学 | Motor bearing electric current corrosion test device |
| JP2018155494A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2018-10-04 | 日本精工株式会社 | Bearing abnormality diagnosis system and bearing abnormality diagnosis method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 雷继尧、丁康: "《轴承故障诊断》", 31 July 1991 * |
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Application publication date: 20200221 |
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