CN110823514A - High-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic velocity air flow coupling effect generating device and measuring system - Google Patents
High-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic velocity air flow coupling effect generating device and measuring system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic speed gas flow coupling effect generating device and a measuring system. The device comprises a supersonic inflow generator, a pneumatic particle generator, an ethylene/oxygen/air gas generator and an experiment cabin. And measuring the coupling effect of the high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and the supersonic air flow in the experimental bin by using a flow field display measuring system. The flow field display measurement system comprises a filter plate/photomultiplier tube/ICCD system, a PLIF system or/and a schlieren system. Various flow field display measurement systems are arranged at the outer side of the experimental bin, and the coupling effect of high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic air flow in the experimental bin is measured through a visual window arranged on the experimental bin, and the measured data is transmitted to a computer. The invention can be used for measuring the coupling effect of high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic air flow.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid rocket scramjet engines, in particular to an experiment system for coupling effect of high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic velocity airflow.
Background
The solid rocket scramjet engine is one of power devices of hypersonic aircrafts using solid fuels. In the early solid rocket scramjet engine experiments, the combustion efficiency of the combustion chamber is low, and is probably between 50% and 60%. The results of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation show that the combustion efficiency of gas phase can reach more than 90% and the combustion efficiency of solid particles is lower by arranging a proper turbulence device. By consulting domestic and foreign literature, it has been found that there are fewer related results, particularly results relating to combustion blending of solid particles in supersonic gas streams. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a corresponding experimental device, deeply research the blending combustion process and interaction mechanism of the coupling action of the high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and the supersonic air flow, and lay a theoretical foundation for improving the combustion efficiency in engineering.
At present, in order to research the particle agglomeration phenomenon, researchers have proposed a real-time measurement system and method for a gas-solid two-phase flow field. For example, patent application publication No. 102313684a provides a real-time measurement system and method for a gas-solid two-phase flow field, which realizes real-time measurement of a two-phase flow field by using two gas-phase digital high-speed cameras and one solid-phase digital high-speed camera. However, the experimental condition related to the method is low in inflow speed, low in movement speed of gas-solid two phases and free of high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow, and obviously the experimental condition is not suitable for researching supersonic gas-solid two-phase flow.
In the face of the new concept of the solid rocket scramjet engine, supersonic gas-solid two-phase flow exists in a combustion chamber. At present, the knowledge of the two-phase flow of supersonic gas and solid, especially the solid particles in supersonic gas flow is limited. In order to deepen understanding and improve the performance of the combustion chamber, a corresponding experimental device is needed to be established, and the blending combustion process and the interaction mechanism of the coupling action of the high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and the supersonic speed gas flow are deeply researched.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic velocity airflow coupling action generating device and a measuring system aiming at a combustion chamber of a solid rocket scramjet engine.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted for realizing the purpose:
a high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic velocity gas flow coupling effect generating device comprises a pneumatic particle generator, an ethylene/oxygen/air gas generator and an experiment cabin. The experimental bin is a strip-shaped bin body with a certain length, is formed by enclosing a plurality of side panels and comprises a left side panel, a right side panel, an upper side panel, a lower side panel, a front side panel and a rear side panel; the experiment bin inlet is arranged on the left panel and serves as a supersonic incoming flow inlet, and the supersonic incoming flow enters the inside of the experiment bin from the experiment bin inlet; a side panel of the experimental bin, which is close to one end of the inlet of the experimental bin, is provided with an interface for connecting the output end of the ethylene/oxygen/air gas generator; and the outlet of the experiment bin is arranged on the right side panel. A plurality of temperature sensors and a plurality of pressure sensors are uniformly arranged on an inner side wall in the experimental bin along the length direction of the inner side wall and are respectively used for measuring the temperature and the pressure at different length positions in the experimental bin. The upper side, the lower side, the front side or/and the rear side panel of the experiment chamber are/is provided with a plurality of visual windows along the length direction.
In the invention: the input end of the pneumatic particle generator is connected with an air supply source, and the three input ends of the ethylene/oxygen/air gas generator are respectively connected with the ethylene supply source, the oxygen supply source and the output end of the pneumatic particle generator; an ethylene supply and an oxygen supply for providing ethylene and oxygen, respectively, to the ethylene/oxygen/air gas generator; the output end of the ethylene/oxygen/air gas generator is communicated with the interior of the experiment bin. The air provided by the air supply source is used as driving gas and fluidizing gas to bring solid particles in the pneumatic particle generator into the ethylene/oxygen/air gas fuel gas generator for mixing and combustion to generate high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase fuel-rich gas, and the high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase fuel-rich gas enters the experiment bin to be further mixed and combusted with supersonic incoming flow.
In the present invention, supersonic flow can be achieved by using an air/alcohol/oxygen heater or by connecting the test chamber to a vacuum pump. The existing method for providing supersonic inflow generally comprises a three-component heater, or a vacuum pump, or an electric air heating mode, and is widely applied in experiments.
In the invention, the experiment bin can be designed integrally or in a segmented manner. The experiment bin is formed by connecting a plurality of bin bodies end to end. The adjacent cabin bodies can be connected through bolts and nuts, and the positions of all the cabin bodies can be replaced at will.
In the invention, the outlet of the experimental bin can be directly communicated with the external atmosphere. Or alternatively. The outlet of the experiment bin is communicated with a vacuum pump. Further, the two-phase flow of the gas discharged from the outlet of the experimental chamber should be injected into the gravel through the pipe to prevent fire caused by high-temperature particles and unburned gas.
In the invention, a turbulent flow device is arranged in the experiment bin. The turbulators can take many forms. If the spoiler device is the spoiler installed on the inner side wall of the experiment bin, the spoiler is connected on the side wall below the experiment bin in a welding mode, a screw connection mode, a clamping groove connection mode and the like. The shape of the spoiler is multiple, such as an oblique-splitting spoiler, wherein the bottom panel of the oblique-splitting spoiler is a plane, the bottom panel is flush attached to the lower side wall in the experiment bin, and the thickness of the spoiler is gradually increased along the incoming flow direction in the experiment bin. The upper panel of the oblique-splitting spoiler is an inclined plane. The inclined-split spoiler exists, when coming flow in the experiment bin flows through the inclined-split spoiler, the flow section of the air flow is continuously reduced, the supersonic air flow is decelerated and pressurized, flow separation is generated under the influence of the adverse pressure gradient, finally, an inclined shock wave is formed at the front edge of the inclined splitter, the rear side of the inclined splitter also generates an expansion wave due to sudden expansion of the flow channel, and the downstream flow field characteristic is changed accordingly.
The spoiler device can be a supporting plate type spoiler, the front end of the supporting plate type spoiler is in a triangular prism shape, and the rear end of the spoiler is in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The incoming flow direction in the experiment chamber flows from the front end to the rear end of the support plate type spoiler, when the incoming flow in the experiment chamber flows through the oblique-splitting type spoiler, the flow section of the air flow is continuously reduced, and the change of a local flow field is realized by reducing the area of a local flow channel.
The turbulence device can also be a concave cavity arranged on the inner side wall of the experiment bin. In particular, the cavity may open on a lower side wall within the experimental bin. The shape of the cavity is not limited. The cavity firstly forms an expansion wave by increasing the area of a local flow passage, and then forms an oblique shock wave, and the part of the incoming flow which can be sucked by the cavity forms a backflow with higher temperature and pressure.
A high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic gas flow coupling effect measuring system comprises a high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic gas flow coupling effect generating device, various flow field display measuring systems and a computer; various flow field display measurement systems are arranged at the outer side of the experimental bin, and the coupling effect of high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic air flow in the experimental bin is measured through a visual window arranged on the experimental bin, and the measured data is transmitted to a computer.
Wherein: the high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic velocity gas flow coupling effect generating device is the high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic velocity gas flow coupling effect generating device. Temperature sensors and pressure sensors in the high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic velocity airflow coupling action generating device acquire temperature and pressure data at different length positions inside the experimental bin in real time, and transmit the acquired data to a computer. And acquiring the macroscopic characteristics of the flow field in the experimental bin by acquiring the temperature and pressure data at different length positions in the experimental bin in real time.
There are many current flow field display measurement systems, all of which can be applied in the present invention. For example, the flow field display measurement system comprises a filter plate/photomultiplier tube/ICCD system, a PLIF system or/and a schlieren system. Wherein: and the filter plate/photomultiplier tube/ICCD system is used for measuring the combustion field of solid particles in the experimental bin. The PLIF system was used to measure free radicals CH or OH generated by the combustion of the gas phase in the experimental chamber. The schlieren system is used for measuring the gas phase density field and the particle motion distribution in the experimental bin.
The filter plate/photomultiplier tube/ICCD system, PLIF system, schlieren system and the like are widely applied to the technical field of non-contact flow field display. The technologies of the filter/photomultiplier tube/ICCD system, PLIF system, and schlieren system have become mature over the years, and the specific working principle is referred to in the literature [ fanglauca et al, the recent flow display technology, national defense industry press, beijing, 2001 ], and will not be described herein again.
The PLIF system consists of a laser light source, a sheet light system and an ICCD acquisition system. The PLIF system has the basic principle that molecules or atoms of trace components in an environment to be detected (such as flame) are transited from a low-energy state to a high-energy state under the action of incident laser, energy level difference and incident light wavelength resonate to achieve the highest efficiency of high-energy state focusing, the premise is provided for obtaining a high-intensity fluorescence signal, and then part of particles fall back to different low-energy states from the excited high-energy state, so that fluorescence spectral bands composed of different wavelengths are radiated, and flow field visualization is realized through total fluorescence intensity measurement. Because the detection time of fluorescence is resolved to nanosecond level, the fluorescence measurement can realize the transient freezing of component distribution for individual components with short service life, especially for intermediate products in chemical reaction, so that useful information can be extracted from the components, for example, for the combustion process of fuel, trace components capable of inducing fluorescence are OH, NO, CHO, H2, H2O, NO2 and the like, which are extremely active and important factors in flame chemical reaction, and the flame structure, reaction mechanism, combustion efficiency and the like can be obtained through the analysis of the concentration and distribution of free radicals.
The filter/photomultiplier/ICCD system comprises a filter, a photomultiplier and an ICCD acquisition system. The principle of the filter/photomultiplier tube/ICCD system is also to measure the intensity of the light wave emitted by the energy level transition of the intermediate product, but because there is no incident laser, the intensity of the light wave is weak and the energy level transition of the trace components cannot be selectively activated, so it is necessary to adopt the corresponding filter and photomultiplier tube to screen the trace components and amplify the light intensity thereof.
The filter plate/the photomultiplier tube/the ICCD system and the PLIF system can be freely moved and can be arranged at different positions according to the experimental requirements.
In the invention, various measuring systems are movable and the field of view is generally small, so the measuring position is set according to the requirements in the experimental process. For example, when the gas-solid two-phase motion near the turbulence device needs to be observed, the schlieren system is moved to the corresponding position, so that the view field is locked near the experiment bin provided with the turbulence device, then the schlieren system is debugged, corresponding measurement is carried out, because the surface of the solid particles is generally rough, light is subjected to diffuse reflection on the surface of the light, black points on the picture can be regarded as the solid particles, and the density distribution and the speed change of the particles can be obtained through image processing. When the gas-solid two-phase combustion field near the flow disturbing device needs to be observed, the observation window on the upper side panel is used for polishing, when the combustion field of particles needs to be observed, the filter with corresponding wavelength is adopted to enable light waves with high intensity to penetrate, the photomultiplier is adopted to amplify light intensity signals, then the light intensity signals are collected through an ICCD system, and the collected light intensity signals are transmitted to a computer for recording, storing and processing. When the combustion field distribution of the combustible gas in the experimental bin needs to be measured, the PLIF system is adopted, and then the free radicals CH or OH generated by the combustion of the gas in the experimental bin can be measured.
The pressure sensor of the present invention can be used, for example, in a Model 9116 for collection. The temperature sensor can adopt an N-type thermocouple or a tungsten-rhenium thermocouple or other types of thermocouples, and the specific selection type is determined according to the temperature estimation of the experimental bin. The macroscopic characteristics of the flow field can be reflected by the change of the pressure and the temperature along with the change of the time, and the combustion conditions of the particle groups and the combustible gas phase can be qualitatively obtained by matching with the flow field display technology. When the temperature and the pressure sharply rise at a certain position, the gas-solid two-phase combustion is relatively violent, and vice versa.
The invention has the advantages that:
in order to simulate high-enthalpy fuel-rich gas existing in a combustion chamber, reduce experiment cost, shorten experiment period, reduce complexity of gas components and create conditions favorable for experiment observation and numerical simulation analysis, the invention provides an experiment which is carried out by adopting an ethylene/oxygen/air three-component gas generator to replace a fuel-rich solid propellant. Through thermodynamic calculation, the main components of the primary gas of the rich-burning solid propellant comprise CH4, CO, H2, H2O, CO2 and the like, which are very similar to the components of the gas generated by ethylene under the rich-burning condition. Therefore, the fuel gas with the similar component to the primary fuel gas of the solid rocket scramjet is generated by reasonably controlling the mass flow of the ethylene/oxygen, and meanwhile, the high-enthalpy rich fuel gas containing solid particles generated by the fuel gas generator of the solid rocket scramjet can be fully simulated by adding specific solid particles. The solid particles were fed into an ethylene/oxygen/solid particles three-component gasifier via a pneumatic particle generator. Supersonic flow was obtained by using an air/alcohol/oxygen heater or connecting the experimental section to a vacuum pump.
The various flow field display measurement systems mainly comprise a filter plate/a photomultiplier tube/an ICCD system or a PLIF system, a schlieren system and a pressure/temperature sensor. The combustion field of solid particles is measured through a filter plate/photomultiplier/ICCD system, free radicals CH or OH generated by gas phase combustion are measured through a PLIF system, a gas phase density field and particle motion distribution are measured through a schlieren system, and macroscopic characteristics of a flow field are obtained through a pressure/temperature acquisition system.
The experimental system can also be provided with different turbulent flow structures so as to research the influence of the turbulent flow structures on gas-solid two-phase coupling.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for the ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic gas flow coupling measurement system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pneumatic particle generator used in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a spoiler apparatus (spoiler) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a spoiler (spoiler) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a spoiler (cavity) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures:
1. supersonic incoming flow; 2. a pneumatic particle generator; 3. an ethylene/oxygen/air gasifier; 4. an experiment bin; 5. a visual window; 6. a flow disturbing device; 7. a laser light source and a sheet light system; 8. 1# ICCD acquisition system; 9. a temperature/pressure sensor; 10. a light source; 11. 1# spherical reflector; 12. 2# spherical reflector; 13. 2# ICCD collection system.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, which is an embodiment 1 of the present invention, a high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet and supersonic gas flow coupling effect measurement system includes a high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet and supersonic gas flow coupling effect generation apparatus, various flow field display measurement systems, and a computer.
As shown in figure 1, the high enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic velocity gas flow coupling effect generating device adopted by the invention comprises a pneumatic particle generator 2, an ethylene/oxygen/air gas generator 3 and an experiment chamber 4. The experiment bin 4 is a strip-shaped bin body with a certain length. In this embodiment, the experiment chamber 4 is a cuboid chamber, which is formed by a plurality of side panels, and includes a left side panel, a right side panel, an upper side panel, a lower side panel, a front side panel and a rear side panel, and the inside of the experiment chamber is a cavity. The experiment chamber 4 can be designed integrally or in sections. The experiment bin is formed by connecting a plurality of bin bodies end to end. The adjacent bin bodies can be connected through bolts and nuts, and the positions of all the bin bodies can be changed at will.
The inlet of the experiment bin is arranged on the left panel, the inlet of the experiment bin is used as a supersonic incoming flow inlet, and the supersonic incoming flow 1 enters the inside of the experiment bin from the inlet of the experiment bin. And a lower side panel of one end of the experiment chamber 4 close to the inlet of the experiment chamber is provided with an interface for connecting the output end of the ethylene/oxygen/air gas generator 3.
The input end of the pneumatic particle generator 2 is connected with an air supply source, and the three input ends of the ethylene/oxygen/air gas generator 3 are respectively connected with the ethylene supply source, the oxygen supply source and the output end of the pneumatic particle generator 2. The ethylene supply and the oxygen supply provide ethylene and oxygen, respectively, to the ethylene/oxygen/air gasifier 3. The output end 3 of the ethylene/oxygen/air gas generator is connected to a corresponding interface on the lower side panel of one end, close to the inlet of the experiment chamber, of the experiment chamber 4 and is communicated with the inside of the experiment chamber 4. The air provided by the air supply source is used as driving gas and fluidizing gas to bring solid particles in the pneumatic particle generator 2 into the ethylene/oxygen/air gas fuel gas generator 3 for mixing and combustion to generate high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase fuel-rich gas, and the high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase fuel-rich gas enters the experimental bin 4 to be further mixed and combusted with the supersonic velocity incoming flow 1.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a pneumatic particle generator used in an embodiment of the invention is shown, in which micron-sized solid particles are filled, and different particle flow rates are obtained by changing the pressure of the driving gas.
And the outlet of the experiment bin is arranged on the right side panel. The outlet of the experiment bin can be directly communicated with the outside atmosphere. Or the outlet of the experiment bin is communicated with a vacuum pump. Further, the two-phase flow of the gas discharged from the outlet of the experimental chamber should be injected into the gravel through the pipe to prevent fire caused by high-temperature particles and unburned gas.
A plurality of temperature/pressure sensors 9 are uniformly arranged on the inner side wall of the experiment cabin along the length direction. And the temperature sensors and the pressure sensors are respectively used for measuring the temperature and the pressure at different length positions inside the experiment cabin. And each temperature sensor and each pressure sensor acquire temperature and pressure data at different length positions in the experiment bin 4 in real time and transmit the acquired data to the computer. And acquiring the macroscopic characteristics of the flow field in the experiment bin 4 by acquiring the temperature and pressure data at different length positions in the experiment bin 4 in real time.
The upper side, the lower side, the front side or/and the rear side panel of the experiment chamber 4 are/is provided with a plurality of visual windows 4 along the length direction, and the conditions in the experiment chamber 4 can be observed through the visual windows 4. Various flow field display measurement systems are arranged on the outer side of the experiment bin 4, each flow field display measurement system measures the coupling effect of high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic air flow in the experiment bin through a visual window arranged on the experiment bin, and the measured data are transmitted to a computer.
The supersonic incoming flow is acquired in many ways, and the conventional acquisition methods include: supersonic inflow can be obtained by adopting an air/alcohol/oxygen heater, and the obtained supersonic inflow is directly input into the experiment chamber through the inlet of the experiment chamber. Alternatively, the experimental chamber may be connected to a vacuum pump to obtain supersonic inflow. The existing method for obtaining supersonic incoming flow generally comprises obtaining supersonic incoming flow by using a three-component heater, or obtaining supersonic incoming flow by connecting an experimental cabin with a vacuum pump, or obtaining supersonic incoming flow by using an electric air heating mode, and is widely applied to various supersonic experiments.
The experiment chamber 4 is internally provided with a turbulent flow device 6. The turbulence device 6 is arranged on the inner side wall of the experiment chamber 4. The turbulence device 6 is a concave cavity arranged on the inner side wall of the experiment bin 4; or, the spoiler device is a spoiler arranged on the inner side wall of the experiment bin 4, and different shapes of the spoiler can be designed according to conditions. Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, three different forms of turbulators are provided.
As shown in fig. 3, the turbulent flow device is a turbulent flow plate installed on the inner side wall of the experimental bin 4, and the turbulent flow plate is connected on the side wall below the experimental bin through welding, screwing, clamping groove connection and other modes. The turbulent flow device shown in fig. 3 is an oblique-splitting type turbulent flow plate, the bottom panel of the turbulent flow plate is a plane, the bottom panel is flush attached to the lower side wall in the experimental bin, and the thickness of the turbulent flow plate is gradually increased along the incoming flow direction in the experimental bin. As shown in fig. 3, the upper panel of the spoiler is an inclined surface. The inclined-split spoiler exists, when coming flow in the experiment bin flows through the inclined-split spoiler, the flow section of the air flow is continuously reduced, the supersonic air flow is decelerated and pressurized, flow separation is generated under the influence of the adverse pressure gradient, finally, an inclined shock wave is formed at the front edge of the inclined splitter, the rear side of the inclined splitter also generates an expansion wave due to sudden expansion of the flow channel, and the downstream flow field characteristic is changed accordingly.
As shown in fig. 4, the spoiler is a strut-type spoiler, the front end of which is a triangular prism shape and the rear end of which is a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The incoming flow direction in the experiment chamber flows from the front end to the rear end of the support plate type spoiler, when the incoming flow in the experiment chamber flows through the oblique-splitting type spoiler, the flow section of the air flow is continuously reduced, and the change of a local flow field is realized by reducing the area of a local flow channel.
As shown in figure 5, the flow disturbing device is a concave cavity opened on the inner side wall of the experiment bin. In particular, the cavity may open on a lower side wall within the experimental bin. The shape of the cavity is not limited. The cavity firstly forms an expansion wave by increasing the area of a local flow passage, and then forms an oblique shock wave, and the part of the incoming flow which can be sucked by the cavity forms a backflow with higher temperature and pressure.
The flow field display measurement system comprises a filter plate/photomultiplier tube/ICCD system, a PLIF system or/and a schlieren system. Wherein: and the filter plate/photomultiplier tube/ICCD system is used for measuring the combustion field of solid particles in the experimental bin. The PLIF system was used to measure free radicals CH or OH generated by the combustion of the gas phase in the experimental chamber. The schlieren system is used for measuring the gas phase density field and the particle motion distribution in the experimental bin.
The filter plate/photomultiplier tube/ICCD system, PLIF system, schlieren system and the like are widely applied to the technical field of non-contact flow field display. The technologies of the filter/photomultiplier tube/ICCD system, PLIF system, and schlieren system have become mature over the years, and the specific working principle is referred to in the literature [ fanglauca et al, the recent flow display technology, national defense industry press, beijing, 2001 ], and will not be described herein again. The PLIF system consists of a laser light source, a light sheet system 7 and a 1# ICCD acquisition system 8.
The schlieren system uses the principle that the refractive index gradient in the measured flow field is in direct proportion to the air flow density of the flow field to convert the density gradient change in the flow field into the relative light intensity change on the recording plane, so that the areas with severe density changes, such as shock waves, compression waves and the like in the compressible flow field become observable and distinguishable images, and the images are recorded. The schlieren system usually adopts a zigzag light path diagram, and as shown in fig. 1, the schlieren system comprises a light source 10, a 1# spherical reflector 11, a 2# spherical reflector 12 and a 2# ICCD acquisition system 13. In the experiment, light emitted by the light source 10 sequentially passes through the 1# spherical reflector 11, is incident into the experiment chamber through the visual window on the experiment chamber, is transmitted out to the 2# spherical reflector 12 through the visual window on the experiment chamber, is reflected by the 2# spherical reflector 12, and is finally thrown into the 2# ICCD acquisition system 13, so that fluids with different air flow densities can be captured. The particle surface roughness adopted in the experiment is generally larger and the color is darker, and the reflection of light on the surface can be regarded as diffuse reflection, so the distribution image of the particle can be recorded simultaneously by a 2# ICCD acquisition system. The position of the schlieren system can be correspondingly moved according to the requirement.
In the invention, various measuring systems are movable and the field of view is generally small, so the measuring position is set according to the requirements in the experimental process. For example, when the gas-solid two-phase motion near the turbulence device needs to be observed, the schlieren system is moved to the corresponding position, so that the view field is locked near the experiment bin provided with the turbulence device, then the schlieren system is debugged, corresponding measurement is carried out, because the surface of the solid particles is generally rough, light is subjected to diffuse reflection on the surface of the light, black points on the picture can be regarded as the solid particles, and the density distribution and the speed change of the particles can be obtained through image processing. When the gas-solid two-phase combustion field near the flow disturbing device needs to be observed, the observation window on the upper side panel is used for polishing, when the combustion field of particles needs to be observed, the filter with corresponding wavelength is adopted to enable light waves with high intensity to penetrate, the photomultiplier is adopted to amplify light intensity signals, then the light intensity signals are collected through an ICCD system, and the collected light intensity signals are transmitted to a computer for recording, storing and processing. When the combustion field distribution of the combustible gas in the experimental bin needs to be measured, the PLIF system is adopted, and then the free radicals CH or OH generated by the combustion of the gas in the experimental bin can be measured.
The pressure sensor of the present invention can be used, for example, in a Model 9116 for collection. The temperature sensor can adopt an N-type thermocouple or a tungsten-rhenium thermocouple or other types of thermocouples, and the specific selection type is determined according to the temperature estimation of the experimental bin. The macroscopic characteristics of the flow field can be reflected by the change of the pressure and the temperature along with the change of the time, and the combustion conditions of the particle groups and the combustible gas phase can be qualitatively obtained by matching with the flow field display technology. When the temperature and the pressure sharply rise at a certain position, the gas-solid two-phase combustion is relatively violent, and vice versa.
The high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic velocity gas flow coupling effect measuring system is utilized to carry out the following measuring process of the high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic velocity gas flow coupling effect:
(1) the method comprises the steps of installing a flow disturbing device in an experimental bin, debugging a field of view of a corresponding flow field display measurement system to an attention area, adopting a mode of a filter plate/a photomultiplier/an ICCD system and a schlieren system if an attention point of the current measurement is in particles, and adopting a mode of the filter plate/the photomultiplier/the ICCD system or the PLIF system and the schlieren system if the attention point is in a combustible gas phase. In addition, each flow field display measurement system, each pressure sensor and each temperature sensor are connected to the same computer to realize synchronous data acquisition;
(2) starting an air/alcohol/oxygen heater to provide supersonic incoming flow;
(3) starting a pneumatic particle generator, then injecting ethylene and oxygen, and starting an ethylene/oxygen/air gas generator to provide high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow;
(4) and triggering the computer to acquire data.
In summary, although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a two-phase transverse jet of high enthalpy gas-solid and supersonic velocity air current coupling effect generating device which characterized in that: the device comprises a supersonic incoming flow generator, a pneumatic particle generator, an ethylene/oxygen/air gas generator and an experiment cabin; the experimental bin is a strip-shaped bin body with a certain length, is formed by enclosing a plurality of side panels and comprises a left side panel, a right side panel, an upper side panel, a lower side panel, a front side panel and a rear side panel; the experiment bin inlet is arranged on the left panel, and supersonic incoming flow enters the inside of the experiment bin from the experiment bin inlet; a side panel of the experimental bin, which is close to one end of the inlet of the experimental bin, is provided with an interface for connecting the output end of the ethylene/oxygen/air gas generator; the outlet of the experiment bin is arranged on the right side panel; a plurality of temperature sensors and a plurality of pressure sensors are uniformly arranged on one inner side wall in the experiment bin along the length direction of the inner side wall, and are respectively used for measuring the temperature and the pressure at different length positions in the experiment bin; the upper side, the lower side, the front side or/and the rear side panel of the experiment chamber are/is provided with a plurality of visual windows along the length direction.
2. The device for generating coupling effect of high enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic gas flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: the input end of the pneumatic particle generator is connected with an air supply source, and the three input ends of the ethylene/oxygen/air gas generator are respectively connected with the ethylene supply source, the oxygen supply source and the output end of the pneumatic particle generator; an ethylene supply and an oxygen supply for providing ethylene and oxygen, respectively, to the ethylene/oxygen/air gas generator; the output end of the ethylene/oxygen/air gas generator is communicated with the interior of the experiment bin; the air provided by the air supply source is used as driving gas and fluidizing gas to bring solid particles in the pneumatic particle generator into the ethylene/oxygen/air gas fuel gas generator for mixing and combustion to generate high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase fuel-rich gas, and the high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase fuel-rich gas enters the experiment bin to be further mixed and combusted with supersonic incoming flow.
3. The device for generating coupling effect of high enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic gas flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: the experiment bin is formed by connecting a plurality of bin bodies end to end.
4. The device for generating coupling effect of high enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic gas flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outlet of the experiment bin is directly communicated with the outside atmosphere; or the outlet of the experiment bin is communicated with a vacuum pump.
5. The device for generating coupling effect of high enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic gas flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: a turbulent flow device is arranged in the experiment bin;
the turbulence device is a turbulence plate arranged on the inner side wall of the experiment bin, and the turbulence plate is connected to the inner side wall in the experiment bin in a welding, screwing or clamping groove connecting mode; or the turbulence device is a concave cavity arranged on the inner side wall of the experiment bin.
6. The device for generating coupling effect of high enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic gas flow according to claim 5, characterized in that: the spoiler is an oblique-splitting spoiler or a supporting plate type spoiler;
the bottom panel of the oblique-splitting spoiler is a plane, the bottom panel is flush attached to the lower side wall in the experiment bin, the upper panel of the oblique-splitting spoiler is an inclined plane, and the thickness of the spoiler is gradually increased along the incoming flow direction in the experiment bin;
the front end of the branch plate type spoiler is triangular prism-shaped, and the rear end of the spoiler is cuboid-shaped.
7. A high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic gas flow coupling effect measuring system is characterized by comprising a high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic gas flow coupling effect generating device, various flow field display measuring systems and a computer, wherein the high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic gas flow coupling effect generating device is defined in any one of claims 1 to 6; various flow field display measurement systems are arranged at the outer side of the experimental bin, and the coupling effect of high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic air flow in the experimental bin is measured through a visual window arranged on the experimental bin, and the measured data is transmitted to a computer.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the temperature sensors and the pressure sensors of the device for generating the coupling between the high-enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet and the supersonic gas flow collect temperature and pressure data at different length positions inside the experimental bin in real time, and transmit the collected data to the computer.
9. The system for measuring coupling effect of high enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic gas flow according to claim 7, characterized in that the flow field display measuring system comprises a filter plate/photomultiplier tube/ICCD system, PLIF system or/and schlieren system.
10. The system for measuring coupling effect of high enthalpy gas-solid two-phase transverse jet flow and supersonic gas flow according to claim 9, characterized by a filter/photomultiplier/ICCD system for measuring the combustion field of solid particles in the experimental bin;
the PLIF system is used for measuring free radicals CH or OH generated by gas phase combustion in the experimental bin;
the schlieren system is used for measuring the gas phase density field and the particle motion distribution in the experimental bin.
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