CN110823320A - Method and system for detecting sand level in sand box of rail vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for detecting the sand level of a sand box of a rail vehicle, and relates to the technical field of rail transit equipment. The detection method includes: constructing a function model between the sand level detection distance and the remaining sand volume in the sand box; measuring at least one front sand level detection distance and at least one rear sand level detection distance in the sand box; The sand level detection distance is used to obtain the average sand level detection distance in the sand box; the average sand level detection distance is substituted into the function model to obtain the remaining sand volume in the sand box; the remaining sand proportion and remaining sand volume are displayed in the cab of the rail vehicle, When the remaining sand ratio is less than 15%, the alarm prompts the driver to add sand to the sand box. The method involves that the driver can accurately determine whether it is necessary to inject sand into the sand box while driving. The detection system includes an infrared laser ranging sensor, a data transmission module, a data processor, a display module and an alarm module. After the system is installed, it will not damage the sealing of the sand box.

Description

Method and system for detecting sand level in sand box of rail vehicle

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit equipment, in particular, to a method and system for detecting the sand level of a sand box of a rail vehicle.

Background technique

Due to the complex operating environment and high speed of the EMU, the rails will be very slippery in the event of severe weather such as rain and snow, which is prone to the risk of idling during traction or sliding during braking. In order to improve the adhesion between the wheel and the rail surface, a sand spreading device is generally equipped on the EMU. The sand spreading device is composed of a sand box and a sand discharging unit, and the sand discharging amount of the sand spreading device is controlled by the driver or the train braking system. In order to ensure safe operation, the sand box needs to ensure that there is enough sand, so it is necessary to add sand to the sand box in a timely manner. Because the sand box is generally placed at the bottom of the car body, due to the limitation of the installation position of the sand box, the operator cannot directly observe or detect the height of the sand surface in the sand box, thereby affecting the driver's judgment on the adjustment of the sand flow and the amount of sand injection.

The Chinese Patent No. 201310461922.8 discloses a device for detecting the position of sand in the sand box of rail transit vehicles. The device is to set a pressure sensor at the bottom of the sand box to detect the weight of the sand box in real time. The weight of the box is used to judge the amount of sand, and then to control the time and amount of sand to be added. Since there are various forms of sandboxes, and the sandboxes are not regular containers, it is more complicated and unfavorable for the unification of specifications to write different programs to convert different shapes of sandboxes and different shapes of various parts of the sandbox. ; When the vehicle is running on a long slope or curve, the sand and gravel will be affected by centrifugal force, which increases or decreases the force acting on the sensor, so that the sand output cannot be measured correctly, so it is not suitable for rail vehicles that have been put into operation. use on.

The Chinese Patent No. 201720359609.7 discloses a device for detecting the position of sand in a sand box of a rail transit vehicle. The device is to set small balls of different materials inside and outside the sand box, and connect them with a rope with a scale. It has defects: on the one hand, when using this device, the driver needs to get off the car to observe the amount of sand; on the other hand, the vehicle must ensure the fluidity of the sand in the sand box during the driving process, so it is necessary to prevent water and oil, etc. When the substance enters the sand box, since the rope is a moving part that goes back and forth in and out of the sand box, the tightness cannot be guaranteed, so that it will cause no sand blasting, which will cause the risk of idling when the rail transit vehicle is towing or slipping when braking; In addition, the shaking of the vehicle during the form process and the fluidity of the sand and gravel may annihilate the small balls so that the sand volume of the sand box cannot be accurately measured.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is to provide a method and system for detecting the sand level of a sand box of a rail vehicle, which can alleviate the above problems.

In order to alleviate the above-mentioned problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is as follows:

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for detecting the sand level of a sand box of a rail vehicle, comprising the following steps:

S1, construct the function model of the sand level detection distance and the remaining sand volume in the sand box, and the sand level detection distance refers to the straight line distance from the inner side of the top cover of the sand box to the sand surface in the sand box;

S2. Measure at least one front sand level detection distance and at least one rear sand level detection distance in the sand box;

S3. Obtain the average sand level detection distance in the sand box according to the front sand level detection distance and the rear sand level detection distance;

S4. Substitute the average sand level detection distance into the function model to obtain the remaining sand volume in the sand box;

S5. Calculate the ratio of the remaining sand volume to the full sand volume in the sand box, and display the ratio and the remaining sand volume in the cab of the rail vehicle. When the ratio is lower than 15%, an alarm will prompt the driver to add sand to the sand box.

The technical effect of this technical solution is: the driver can directly obtain the remaining sand volume in the sand box while driving, and can accurately judge whether it is necessary to inject sand into the sand box; The average value is obtained, so the data accuracy can be ensured, and the problem of inaccurate data measurement caused by uneven sand surface in the sand box is largely avoided.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a sand level detection system for a sand box of a rail vehicle, comprising:

The infrared laser ranging sensor is installed on the inner side of the top cover of the sand box, and its infrared light can be irradiated vertically downward on the sand surface in the sand box, which is used to measure the detection distance of the sand level. In a sand box, the infrared laser There are at least two ranging sensors, and the infrared laser ranging sensors are installed in the front and rear areas of the inner side of the top cover of the sand box;

a data transmission module, which is electrically connected with the infrared laser ranging sensor;

a data processor, which is installed in the cab of the rail vehicle, and communicates with the infrared laser ranging sensor through the data transmission module, so as to receive the sand level detection distance data, and calculate the remaining sand volume and the sand occupied by the remaining sand The proportion of the full sand volume in the box;

a display module, which is installed in the cab of the rail vehicle and is electrically connected to the data processor for displaying the remaining sand volume in the sand box and the ratio of the remaining sand to the full sand volume in the sand box;

The alarm module is installed in the cab of the rail vehicle, and is electrically connected with the data processor, and is used for sending alarm information to the driver in the cab of the rail vehicle.

The technical effect of the technical solution is: to provide a system for accurately detecting the sand level of the sand box of the rail vehicle. After the system is installed, it will not cause damage to the sealing of the sand box and avoid the abnormal sand blasting of the sand box. .

Optionally, the data transmission module is a wifi module, which includes a wifi transmitter module and a wifi receiver module, the wifi transmitter module is installed on the inside of the top cover of the sand box, and is electrically connected to the infrared laser ranging sensor. connection, the wifi receiving module is installed in the cab of the rail vehicle, and is electrically connected with the data processor, and the wifi transmitting module is wirelessly signal-connected with the wifi receiving module.

The technical effect of the technical solution is that wireless data transmission can be realized without wiring, and installation and maintenance are convenient.

Optionally, the model of the wifi module is Esp8266.

Optionally, the model of the data processor is ATMEGA328P.

Optionally, the model of the infrared laser ranging sensor is TOF10120.

Optionally, a 5V battery is provided on the inner side of the top cover of the sand box, which is electrically connected to the wifi transmitting module and is used for supplying power to the wifi transmitting module.

The technical effect of the technical solution is that the wifi transmitting module in the sandbox does not need an external power supply.

In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following specific embodiments of the present invention are given and described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore do not It should be regarded as a limitation of the scope, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram of the sand level detection system of the rail vehicle sand box described in the embodiment;

2 is a schematic diagram of the installation layout of the wifi transmitter module and the infrared laser ranging sensor in the sand box in the embodiment;

3 is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the infrared laser ranging sensor described in the embodiment relative to the wheelset of the rail vehicle and the sand box;

In the picture: 1- top cover of sand box, 2- wifi transmitter module, 3- infrared laser ranging sensor, 4- sand box, 5- air outlet, 6- sand outlet, 7- sand outlet, 8- Wheel.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally described and illustrated in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "arrangement", "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a connectable connection. Detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

Example 1

The present embodiment provides a method for detecting the sand level of a sand box of a rail vehicle, comprising the following steps:

S1. Build a function model of the sand level detection distance and the remaining sand volume in the sand box. The sand level detection distance refers to the straight-line distance from the inner side of the top cover of the sand box to the sand surface in the sand box;

S2. Measure at least one front sand level detection distance and at least one rear sand level detection distance in the sand box;

S3. Obtain the average sand level detection distance in the sand box according to the front sand level detection distance and the rear sand level detection distance;

S4. Substitute the average sand level detection distance into the function model to obtain the remaining sand volume in the sand box;

S5. Calculate the ratio of the remaining sand volume to the full sand volume in the sand box, and display the ratio and the remaining sand volume in the cab of the rail vehicle. When the ratio is lower than 15%, an alarm will prompt the driver to add sand to the sand box.

Please refer to Fig. 2, due to the limitation of the air outlet pipe 5 and the sand outlet pipe 6 in the sand box in the prior art, the sand volume of the sand box can only be between the highest sand volume line and the lowest sand volume line, so the top of the sand box is The distance from the inner side of the cover to the highest sand volume line corresponds to 100% of the sand remaining in the box, and the distance from the inner side of the top cover of the sand box to the lowest sand volume line corresponds to 0% of the sand remaining in the box.

In step S1, under the condition that the sand box structure is determined, a function model of the sand level detection distance and the remaining sand volume in the sand box is constructed, as follows:

a. Calculate the maximum sand volume V in the sand box according to the highest sand level line A and the lowest sand level line B in the sand box;

b. Fill the sand box with sand;

c. Start to discharge the sand in the sand box, and weigh the mass m of the sand flowing out when the sand surface drops by 5mm, 10mm, 15mm..., and calculate the sand flow out when the sand surface drops by 5mm, 10mm, 15mm... in combination with the sand density ρ. The volumes of V1, V2, V3...;

d. Through V-V1, the remaining sand volume V11 is obtained, V11-V2 is used to obtain the remaining sand volume V12, V12-V3 is used to obtain the remaining sand volume V13, and so on, that is, the sand surface in the sand box drops by 5mm every time (that is, the sand level detection distance increases by 5mm each time), the remaining sand volume in the sand box.

According to the above steps b to d, repeat the measurement of the remaining sand volume in the sand box every time the sand level detection distance increases by 5mm, and average multiple V11, multiple V12, multiple V13...respectively to obtain V111, V112 respectively , V113..., according to V111, V112, V113... and the data after the sand level detection distance increases by 5mm, a curve is fitted, and then the function model of the sand level detection distance and the remaining sand volume can be obtained.

In this embodiment, steps S3, S4, and S5 are preferably performed in a rail vehicle cab.

In step S2 of the present embodiment, the front and rear directions correspond to the driving direction of the rail vehicle, and the driving direction may be indicated with reference to FIG. 3 .

Due to factors such as the nodding and rolling of the rail vehicle, the sand surface in the sand box is not necessarily horizontal, and the sand level detection distance of a single point cannot accurately reflect the amount of sand in the sand box. In the box, at least one front sand level detection distance and at least one rear sand level detection distance are measured, and in step S3, the average sand level detection distance is obtained accordingly, and the average sand level detection distance can accurately reflect the sand level detection distance. Sand volume, that is, the average sand level detection distance is substituted into the function model, which can accurately obtain the remaining sand volume in the sand box. Experiments show that in a sand box, only the sand level detection distance of a single point is measured, and the measurement error in various cases is 15% to 25%, while the multi-point sand level detection distance is measured and the average sand level detection distance is calculated. in such a way that the measurement error in each case is less than 3%.

Example 2

Please refer to FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the present embodiment provides a sand level detection system for a sand box of a rail vehicle, including:

The infrared laser ranging sensor 3 is installed on the inner side of the top cover of the sand box 4, and its infrared light can be irradiated vertically downward on the sand surface in the sand box 4, and is used to measure the detection distance of the sand level. There are at least two laser ranging sensors 3, and infrared laser ranging sensors 3 are installed in the front and rear areas of the inner side of the top cover 1 of the sand box;

a data transmission module, which is electrically connected with the infrared laser ranging sensor 3;

The data processor is installed in the cab of the rail vehicle, and communicates with the infrared laser ranging sensor through the data transmission module, so as to receive the sand level detection distance data, and calculate the remaining sand volume and the full capacity of the sand box occupied by the remaining sand. The proportion of sand volume;

a display module, which is installed in the cab of the rail vehicle and is electrically connected to the data processor, and is used to display the remaining sand volume in the sand box and the proportion of the remaining sand in the full sand volume in the sand box;

The alarm module is installed in the cab of the rail vehicle, and is electrically connected with the data processor, and is used for sending alarm information to the driver in the cab of the rail vehicle.

As a structural choice of this embodiment, a wifi module can be selected as the data transmission module. The wifi module includes a wifi transmitter module 2 and a wifi receiver module. The wifi transmitter module 2 is installed on the inner side of the top cover 1 of the sandbox, and is connected with the infrared laser The distance measuring sensor 3 is electrically connected, the wifi receiving module is installed in the cab of the rail vehicle, and is electrically connected with the data processor, and the wifi transmitting module and the wifi receiving module are wirelessly connected to realize the wireless transmission of sand level detection distance data. transmission.

In this embodiment, the wifi transmitting module 2 and the infrared laser ranging sensor 3 are integrated and installed on the inner side of the top cover 1 of the sand box, which is convenient for installation and maintenance, and does not affect the structure and use of the sand box.

In this embodiment, the model of the wifi module can be selected as Esp8266, the model of the data processor can be selected as ATMEGA328P, and the model of the infrared laser ranging sensor 3 can be selected as TOF10120.

As a structural choice of this embodiment, a 5V battery is arranged inside the top cover 1 of the sand box, which is electrically connected to the wifi transmitter module and used to supply power to the wifi transmitter module, so that no external power supply is required, and it is installed in the wifi transmitter module. The relevant modules in the cab of the rail vehicle obtain power directly from the cab.

As a structural choice of this embodiment, an LED display can be selected for the display module, and an audible and visual alarm can be selected for the alarm module.

Please refer to FIG. 3 , a rail vehicle in the prior art generally has two sand boxes 4 , and sand is sprinkled on the two rails through the two sand boxes 4 . The remaining amount of 4 should be the same. In order to ensure more accuracy, a laser ranging sensor 3 is installed in each sand box 4, and the laser ranging sensor 3 in the two sand boxes 4 transmits the sand level detection distance data of each sand box to the data through the data transmission module. processor. In this embodiment, an infrared laser ranging sensor is respectively installed in the front and rear regions of the inner side surface of the flask top cover of a flask 4 .

Due to the hot air flow inside the sand box 4, the vibration of the sand box caused by the uneven track, and the roll of the sand box caused by the rail vehicle passing the curve, the sand surface inside the sand box is not necessarily flat. The laser ranging sensors are arranged at the front and rear symmetrical positions. The data processor needs to process the data of the four sensors at the same time, and calculate the remaining sand volume of the two sand boxes and the proportion of the remaining sand to the full sand volume in the sand box. Compared with installing only one infrared laser ranging sensor in a sand box, it can measure the sand level detection distance of the front and rear positions. By averaging the sand level detection distances of the front and rear positions, a more accurate sand level detection distance can be obtained. .

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A sand level detection method of a sand box of a railway vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, constructing a function model of the sand position detection distance and the volume of the residual sand in the sand box, wherein the sand position detection distance refers to the linear distance from the inner side surface of the top cover of the sand box to the sand surface in the sand box;

s2, measuring at least one front sand position detection distance and at least one rear sand position detection distance in the sand box;

s3, calculating the average sand position detection distance in the sand box according to the front sand position detection distance and the rear sand position detection distance;

s4, substituting the average sand level detection distance into the function model to obtain the volume of the residual sand in the sand box;

s5, calculating the proportion of the volume of the residual sand to the volume of the full sand in the sand box, displaying the proportion and the volume of the residual sand in the cab of the railway vehicle, and alarming to prompt a driver to add the sand into the sand box when the proportion is lower than 15%.

2. The utility model provides a rail vehicle sand box sand position detecting system which characterized in that includes:

the device comprises at least two infrared laser ranging sensors, a sand box and a sand box cover, wherein the infrared laser ranging sensors are arranged on the inner side of the sand box cover, infrared rays of the infrared laser ranging sensors can vertically and downwards irradiate the sand surface in the sand box and are used for measuring the detection distance of the sand position;

the data transmission module is electrically connected with the infrared laser ranging sensor;

the data processor is arranged in a cab of the rail vehicle, is in communication connection with the infrared laser ranging sensor through the data transmission module, receives the sand position detection distance data, and calculates to obtain the volume of the residual sand and the proportion of the residual sand to the volume of the full sand in the sand box;

the display module is arranged in a cab of the railway vehicle, is electrically connected with the data processor and is used for displaying the volume of the residual sand in the sand box and the proportion of the residual sand to the volume of the full sand in the sand box;

and the alarm module is arranged in the railway vehicle cab and electrically connected with the data processor and used for sending alarm information to a driver in the railway vehicle cab.

3. The rail vehicle sand box sand level detecting system of claim 2, wherein the data transmission module is a wifi module, which includes a wifi transmitting module and a wifi receiving module, the wifi transmitting module is installed inside the top cover of the sand box and electrically connected to the infrared laser ranging sensor, the wifi receiving module is installed in the cab of the rail vehicle and electrically connected to the data processor, and the wifi transmitting module is in wireless signal connection with the wifi receiving module.

4. The rail vehicle sand box sand level detection system of claim 3 wherein said wifi module is model number Esp 8266.

5. The rail vehicle flask sand level detection system of claim 3, wherein the data processor is of the type ATMEGA 328P.

6. The rail vehicle sand box sand level detection system of claim 3, wherein the infrared laser ranging sensor is of the type TOF 10120.

7. The rail vehicle sand box sand level detection system of claim 3, wherein a 5V battery is arranged on the inner side of the top cover of the sand box and electrically connected with the wifi transmitting module for supplying power to the wifi transmitting module.

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