CN110819897A - Material and method suitable for producing large-diameter wear-resistant steel balls of semi-autogenous mill - Google Patents
Material and method suitable for producing large-diameter wear-resistant steel balls of semi-autogenous mill Download PDFInfo
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- CN110819897A CN110819897A CN201911112238.2A CN201911112238A CN110819897A CN 110819897 A CN110819897 A CN 110819897A CN 201911112238 A CN201911112238 A CN 201911112238A CN 110819897 A CN110819897 A CN 110819897A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/36—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for balls; for rollers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of production of wear-resistant steel balls, in particular to a material suitable for producing large-diameter wear-resistant steel balls of a semi-autogenous mill. The material is suitable for producing large-diameter wear-resistant steel balls of a semi-autogenous mill, and is characterized in that the material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.5-0.9% of C, 0.2-0.5% of Si, 0.6-1.0% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020% of P, less than or equal to 0.020% of S, 1.20-1.7% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.30% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.25% of Cu, and 0.10-0.25% of Mo0.10; the balance being iron and other unavoidable impurities. The invention obtains the optimal bar material component ratio by continuously optimizing and adjusting the content of alloy elements in steel, can adapt to the complex working condition environment in a mill, prolongs the fatigue resistance of the wear-resistant steel ball, increases the wear resistance of the steel ball, effectively reduces the breaking rate of the steel ball, has longer service life, can better save wear consumption for mine enterprises, and reduces the ore milling cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of production of wear-resistant steel balls, in particular to a material suitable for producing large-diameter wear-resistant steel balls of a semi-autogenous mill, and also relates to a production method of the material.
Background
At present, large-scale semi-autogenous mills are increasing at home and abroad, the quality of the semi-autogenous wear-resistant steel balls is related to normal production operation and high production cost of the mills, and steel bar materials applied to steel ball production in the market at present have low alloy elements, common fatigue resistance and wear resistance and are easy to break in the using process.
The chemical components of the commercially available steel bar for producing the wear-resistant steel ball are shown in table 1 of the specification, and the steel bar for producing the wear-resistant steel ball has the defects that the steel ball product produced by using the material has low alloy elements, is general in fatigue resistance and wear resistance, is easy to break in the using process and has serious influence on the operation of a mine grinder.
Regarding the material of the wear resistant steel ball, CN108977728A discloses a wear resistant steel ball, which comprises the following components by mass percent: 1.2-2.1% of C, Si: 0.3-0.8%, Cr 1.2-2.2%, Ti: 0.08-0.14%, Mn: 0.5 to 1.3%, 0.04 to 0.15% of B, Al: 0.05-0.35%, Mo: 0.15-0.8%, Re: 0.03 to 0.07%, Nb: 0.04-0.13%, P is less than or equal to 0.05%, S is less than or equal to 0.03%, and the balance is iron.
The invention can play the roles of solid solution strengthening and fine grain strengthening by reasonably selecting and controlling each element and the content thereof in the cast steel ball, can form fine and dispersed hard particles, can also inhibit the transformation of austenite, promotes the formation of a martensite matrix, and further improves the toughness and the hardness of the steel ball; the impact resistance and the wear resistance of the cast steel ball are improved to the maximum extent, so that the production cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
CN108677100A discloses a high-carbon low-chromium wear-resistant steel ball for a ball mill, which is characterized in that the steel ball comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 1.3 to 1.6 portions of C, 1.6 to 2.2 portions of Si, 0.5 to 0.9 portion of Mn0.2 to 0.4 portion of Cr0.2 to 0.4 portion of Ni0.15 to 0.25 portion of Cu0.1 to 0.2 portion of B, 0.4 to 0.8 portion of W, 0.3 to 0.6 portion of Al0.1 to 0.2 portion of Zr0.2 to 0.3 portion of Er0.05 to 0.07 portion of B, 0.04 to 0.06 portion of Yb, less than or equal to 0.04 portion of S, less than or equal to 0.04 portion of P, and the balance of Fe.
Therefore, the rod material needs to be improved, the content of alloy elements in steel is continuously optimized and adjusted, the breakage rate of the steel balls is reduced, and the service life is longer.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a material which can effectively reduce the breakage rate of steel balls and prolong the service life and is suitable for producing large-diameter wear-resistant steel balls of a semi-autogenous mill;
the invention also relates to a production method of the steel ball.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the material is suitable for producing large-diameter wear-resistant steel balls of a semi-autogenous mill, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-0.9% of C, 0.2-0.5% of Si, 0.6-1.0% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020% of P, less than or equal to 0.020% of S, 1.20-1.70% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.30% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.25% of Cu, and 0.10-0.25% of Mo0.10; the balance being iron and other unavoidable impurities.
The chemical components by mass percent are as follows: 0.75 percent of C, 0.4 percent of Si, 0.8 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of S, 1.5 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Cu and 0.20 percent of Mo; the balance being iron and other unavoidable impurities.
The method suitable for producing the large-diameter wear-resistant steel ball of the semi-autogenous mill comprises the following steps:
(1) blanking the raw materials qualified by detection;
(2) heating the discharged material to a preset temperature;
(3) conveying the raw material heated to the preset temperature to an air hammer for forging;
(4) conveying the forged and formed steel ball to a quenching temperature, and quenching the steel ball;
(5) immediately tempering the steel ball after quenching;
(6) and (5) detecting the steel ball after tempering treatment.
Preferably, in (1), the raw material is blanked by using a plasma blanking machine.
(2) And (5) passing the discharged material through a heating furnace to reach the temperature of 1050-1250 ℃.
(3) In the middle, the number of forging is 35 to 45.
(4) Conveying the forged and molded steel ball through an isothermal machine, and quenching the steel ball when the quenching temperature reaches 750-850 ℃.
Preferably, the method suitable for producing the large-diameter wear-resistant steel balls by the semi-automatic mill comprises the following steps:
(1) blanking the qualified raw materials by using a plasma blanking machine;
(2) heating the discharged material to 1050-1250 ℃;
(3) conveying the raw material heated to the preset temperature to an air hammer for forging 35-45 times;
(4) conveying the forged and molded steel ball to a quenching temperature of 750-850 ℃ and quenching the steel ball;
(5) immediately tempering the steel ball after quenching;
(6) and (5) detecting the steel ball after tempering treatment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method has the advantages that through repeated practice, the content of alloy elements in steel is continuously optimized and adjusted, the optimal bar material component ratio is obtained, the method can adapt to the complex working condition environment in a mill, the fatigue resistance of the wear-resistant steel ball is prolonged, the wear resistance of the steel ball is increased, the breakage rate of the steel ball is effectively reduced, the service life is longer, the wear consumption of mine enterprises can be better saved, and the ore milling cost is reduced;
(2) by using the steel ball made of the material, the crushing rate of the steel ball can be effectively reduced and the effective working time of the steel ball is increased on the premise of ensuring the hardness and the wear resistance in the use of the semi-autogenous grinding steel ball.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The material is suitable for producing large-diameter wear-resistant steel balls of a semi-autogenous mill, and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.75 percent of C, 0.4 percent of Si, 0.8 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of S, 1.5 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Cu and 0.20 percent of Mo; the balance being iron and other unavoidable impurities.
Example 2
The steel ball in the embodiment 1 has the following production process steps:
(1) blanking the qualified raw materials by using a plasma blanking machine;
(2) heating the obtained material to about 1200 ℃;
(3) conveying the raw material heated to the preset temperature to an air hammer for forging about 40 times;
(4) conveying the forged and formed steel ball to a quenching temperature of about 800 ℃ and quenching the steel ball;
(5) immediately tempering the steel ball after quenching;
(6) and (5) detecting the steel ball after tempering treatment.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of bars for steel balls currently on the market
Example 3
The inventor tests the product of the invention, and the test results are as follows:
firstly, comparing and detecting hardness HRC: take 125 balls as an example (1/2/3 new material)
Through the detection of breaking and pulling core, the hardness five-point distribution is more uniform, the hardness difference between the core part and the surface is smaller, and the wear resistance is more stable in the operation process of the mill.
Secondly, drop test comparison and detection (1# is a new material):
through drop test comparison, the steel ball drop times of new material production under the same conditions can be seen to be obviously higher than that of other materials, so the fatigue resistance of the product produced by the new material can be seen to be obviously higher than that of the product produced by the conventional material through comparison.
Thirdly, comparing the actual abrasion of the mine:
the B3 steel balls are used in the early stage of a phi 7.5 multiplied by 3.6 semi-autogenous mill in China, the ball consumption is 0.85Kg/T raw ore, the abrasion of the steel balls made of new materials is stabilized to be 0.75Kg/T raw ore after 25 days of replacement cycle, and the whole reduction is 11-12%.
Through the hardness detection, the drop test and the mine actual abrasion test, the following conclusion can be obtained: by adopting the raw materials and the process, the obtained material has uniform hardness five-point distribution, small hardness difference between the core part and the surface, and stable wear resistance in the operation process of a mill; the process of the invention is proved to reduce the breakage rate of the steel balls and to have longer service life to a certain extent.
Claims (8)
1. The material is suitable for producing large-diameter wear-resistant steel balls of a semi-autogenous mill, and is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-0.9% of C, 0.2-0.5% of Si, 0.6-1.0% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020% of P, less than or equal to 0.020% of S, 1.20-1.70% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.30% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.25% of Cu, and 0.10-0.25% of Mo0.10; the balance being iron and other unavoidable impurities.
2. The material suitable for producing the large-diameter wear-resistant steel balls of the semi-autogenous mill as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the chemical components by mass percent are as follows: 0.75 percent of C, 0.4 percent of Si, 0.8 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of S, 1.5 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Cu and 0.20 percent of Mo; the balance being iron and other unavoidable impurities.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 adapted for the production of large diameter wear resistant steel balls for semi-autogenous mills comprising the steps of:
(1) blanking the raw materials qualified by detection;
(2) heating the discharged material to a preset temperature;
(3) conveying the raw material heated to the preset temperature to an air hammer for forging;
(4) conveying the forged and formed steel ball to a quenching temperature, and quenching the steel ball;
(5) immediately tempering the steel ball after quenching;
(6) and (5) detecting the steel ball after tempering treatment.
4. The method for producing the large-diameter wear-resistant steel ball of the semi-autogenous mill as claimed in claim 3, wherein: (1) in the process, a plasma blanking machine is adopted for blanking raw materials.
5. The method for producing the large-diameter wear-resistant steel ball of the semi-autogenous mill as claimed in claim 3, wherein: (2) and heating the discharged material to 1050-1250 ℃ through a heating furnace.
6. The method for producing the large-diameter wear-resistant steel ball of the semi-autogenous mill as claimed in claim 3, wherein: (3) in the middle, the number of forging is 35 to 45.
7. The method for producing the large-diameter wear-resistant steel ball of the semi-autogenous mill as claimed in claim 3, wherein: (4) conveying the forged and molded steel ball through an isothermal machine, and quenching the steel ball when the quenching temperature reaches 750-850 ℃.
8. The method for producing the large-diameter wear-resistant steel ball of the semi-autogenous mill as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
(1) blanking the qualified raw materials by using a plasma blanking machine;
(2) heating the discharged material to 1050-1250 ℃;
(3) conveying the raw material heated to the preset temperature to an air hammer for forging 35-45 times;
(4) conveying the forged and molded steel ball to a quenching temperature of 750-850 ℃ and quenching the steel ball;
(5) immediately tempering the steel ball after quenching;
(6) and (5) detecting the steel ball after tempering treatment.
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| CN201911112238.2A CN110819897B (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Material and method suitable for producing large-diameter wear-resistant steel balls of semi-autogenous mill |
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| CN201911112238.2A CN110819897B (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Material and method suitable for producing large-diameter wear-resistant steel balls of semi-autogenous mill |
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| JP2001056031A (en) * | 1999-08-18 | 2001-02-27 | Ntn Corp | Constant velocity universal joint |
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