CN110819130A - Plant fiber material capable of being degraded quickly and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plant fiber material capable of being degraded quickly and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2206—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of calcium, strontium or barium
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/2224—Magnesium hydroxide
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
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- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
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- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
- C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fast-degradation plant fiber material which comprises, by mass, 60-80% of plant fibers, 30-60% of natural starch, 6-10% of polypropylene, 8-12% of polyvinyl chloride, 10-14% of polyvinyl alcohol, 5-9% of a reactive auxiliary agent, 10-20% of a plasticizer, 11-17% of talcum powder, 11-17% of paper pulp, 6-12% of an adhesive, 8-10% of a filler and 2-4% of a cross-linking agent. The invention has the technical effects of fast degradation and capability of still ensuring the compression strength, the tensile strength, the bending strength, the hardness and the impact strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant fiber materials and processes, in particular to a plant fiber material with rapid degradation and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The plant fiber material has the advantages of convenient material collection, low cost, environmental protection, low production energy consumption and the like, is widely applied to the fields of sound insulation materials, heat insulation materials and the like at present, and has huge application prospect due to degradability in the field of decorative materials. However, the conventional plant fiber materials have problems that they have low compressive strength, tensile strength, bending strength, hardness and impact strength when a certain interpretation speed is ensured, and thus, they are not widely used.
Therefore, the invention provides a plant fiber material which is degraded quickly and can still ensure the compression strength, the tensile strength, the bending strength, the hardness and the impact strength, and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a plant fiber material with rapid degradation and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a fast-degrading plant fiber material comprises, by mass, 60-80% of plant fibers, 30-60% of natural starch, 6-10% of polypropylene, 8-12% of polyvinyl chloride, 10-14% of polyvinyl alcohol, 5-9% of a reactive auxiliary agent, 10-20% of a plasticizer, 11-17% of talcum powder, 11-17% of paper pulp, 6-12% of an adhesive, 8-10% of a filler and 2-4% of a cross-linking agent.
Preferably, the natural starch is one or more of mung bean starch, cassava starch, sweet potato starch, wheat starch, water caltrop starch, lotus root starch and corn starch.
Preferably, the plant fiber is one or more of wheat straw fiber, beanstalk fiber, castor fiber, ramie fiber, hemp fiber, flax fiber, jute fiber, sisal fiber, abaca fiber and bamboo fiber.
Preferably, the filler is one or a mixture of more of calcium carbonate powder, barium sulfate powder, clay powder, fumed silica powder, calcium oxide powder, aluminum hydroxide powder and magnesium hydroxide powder.
Preferably, the adhesive is a modified starch that is soluble in cold water and forms a transparent viscous gel when hydrated.
Preferably, the paper pulp is one or more of wood pulp, straw pulp, hemp pulp, reed pulp, cane pulp and bamboo pulp.
A preparation method of a plant fiber material with fast degradation specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: premixing raw materials: weighing plant fibers, natural starch, reactive auxiliary agents, talcum powder, paper pulp, fillers and modified starch according to the proportion requirement, adding the plant fibers, the natural starch, the reactive auxiliary agents, the talcum powder, the paper pulp, the fillers and the modified starch into a first thermocouple reaction kettle, heating to 60-80 ℃, stirring and mixing for 1-2 hours, and adding an adhesive and a cross-linking agent while stirring to obtain mixed slurry;
step two: screening slurry: transferring the obtained mixed slurry to a screening machine for screening, filtering powder of particles with overlarge particle size, and reserving the filtered slurry;
step three: adding polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl alcohol into a second thermocouple reaction kettle, heating to 100-120 ℃, stirring and mixing for 1-2 hours, adding a plasticizer and a reactive auxiliary agent while stirring, adding the filter slurry into the second thermocouple reaction kettle, heating to 100-120 ℃, stirring and mixing for 1-2 hours, and preparing into a slurry mixture;
step four: transferring the pulp mixture obtained in the third step with a certain mass into a mould, putting the mould filled with the refined pulp into a flat vulcanizing machine, heating to 160-180 ℃, and carrying out hot press forming to obtain a plant fiber material crude product with rapid degradation;
step five: and (3) polishing the coarse product of the plant fiber material with fast degradation, performing post-process treatment to prepare a fine product of the plant fiber material, and sieving the prepared fine product of the plant fiber material with a 400-600-mesh sieve to obtain the plant fiber material product with fast degradation.
The first thermocouple reaction kettle and the second thermocouple reaction kettle are both provided with a stirrer, a distillation column connected with a water-cooled condenser, a nitrogen inlet and a temperature regulator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the plant fiber material with high degradation speed mainly takes plant fiber and natural starch as main materials, the degradation speed of the plant fiber material is guaranteed, and a small amount of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl alcohol are added in an auxiliary mode, so that the compression strength, the tensile strength, the bending strength, the hardness and the impact degree of the prepared plant fiber material are guaranteed.
2. The plant fiber material with fast degradation is modified starch by adding adhesive, the modified starch is soluble in cold water and forms transparent viscous gel when hydrated, and the compression strength, the tensile strength, the bending strength, the hardness and the impact degree of the plant fiber material are further improved.
3. The preparation method of the plant fiber material with fast degradation comprises the steps of weighing plant fibers, natural starch, reactive auxiliary agents, talcum powder, paper pulp, fillers and modified starch according to the weight percentage according to the proportion requirement, adding the plant fibers, the natural starch, the reactive auxiliary agents, the talcum powder, the paper pulp, the fillers and the modified starch into a first thermocouple reaction kettle, heating to 60-80 ℃, stirring and mixing for 1-2 hours, and adding an adhesive and a cross-linking agent while stirring to obtain mixed slurry; adding polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl alcohol into a second thermocouple reaction kettle, heating to 100-120 ℃, stirring and mixing for 1-2 hours, adding a plasticizer and a reactive auxiliary agent while stirring, adding the filter slurry into the second thermocouple reaction kettle, heating to 100-120 ℃, stirring and mixing for 1-2 hours, and preparing a slurry mixture; two thermocouple reaction kettles are used for carrying out bidirectional balance treatment on plant fiber, natural starch, reactive auxiliary agent, talcum powder, paper pulp, filler and modified starch treatment and polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl alcohol treatment, so that the working efficiency is improved; and the first thermocouple reaction kettle and the second thermocouple reaction kettle are both provided with a stirrer, a distillation column connected with a water-cooled condenser, a nitrogen inlet and a temperature regulator, so that the preparation operation is convenient and fast to control, and the working efficiency is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a table of experimental data of the synthetic release paper in the examples.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A plant fiber material capable of being degraded quickly comprises, by mass, 60% of plant fiber, 30% of natural starch, 6% of polypropylene, 8% of polyvinyl chloride, 10% of polyvinyl alcohol, 5% of a reactive auxiliary agent, 10% of a plasticizer, 11% of talcum powder, 11% of paper pulp, 6% of an adhesive, 8% of a filler and 2% of a cross-linking agent.
In this embodiment, the natural starch is one or more of mung bean starch, tapioca starch, sweet potato starch, wheat starch, water chestnut starch, lotus root starch, and corn starch.
In this embodiment, the plant fiber is one or more of wheat straw fiber, beanstalk fiber, castor fiber, ramie fiber, hemp fiber, flax fiber, jute fiber, sisal fiber, abaca fiber, and bamboo fiber.
In this embodiment, the filler is one or more of calcium carbonate powder, barium sulfate powder, clay powder, fumed silica powder, calcium oxide powder, aluminum hydroxide powder, and magnesium hydroxide powder.
In this example, the adhesive is a modified starch that is soluble in cold water and forms a transparent viscous gel when hydrated.
In this embodiment, the paper pulp is one or more of wood pulp, straw pulp, hemp pulp, reed pulp, cane pulp and bamboo pulp.
Example 2
A plant fiber material capable of being degraded quickly comprises 80% of plant fiber, 60% of natural starch, 10% of polypropylene, 12% of polyvinyl chloride, 14% of polyvinyl alcohol, 9% of reactive auxiliary agent, 20% of plasticizer, 17% of talcum powder, 17% of paper pulp, 12% of adhesive, 10% of filler and 4% of cross-linking agent in percentage by mass.
In this embodiment, the natural starch is one or more of mung bean starch, tapioca starch, sweet potato starch, wheat starch, water chestnut starch, lotus root starch, and corn starch.
In this embodiment, the plant fiber is one or more of wheat straw fiber, beanstalk fiber, castor fiber, ramie fiber, hemp fiber, flax fiber, jute fiber, sisal fiber, abaca fiber, and bamboo fiber.
In this embodiment, the filler is one or more of calcium carbonate powder, barium sulfate powder, clay powder, fumed silica powder, calcium oxide powder, aluminum hydroxide powder, and magnesium hydroxide powder.
In this example, the adhesive is a modified starch that is soluble in cold water and forms a transparent viscous gel when hydrated.
In this embodiment, the paper pulp is one or more of wood pulp, straw pulp, hemp pulp, reed pulp, cane pulp and bamboo pulp.
Example 3
A plant fiber material capable of being degraded quickly comprises, by mass, 70% of plant fiber, 45% of natural starch, 8% of polypropylene, 10% of polyvinyl chloride, 12% of polyvinyl alcohol, 7% of a reactive auxiliary agent, 15% of a plasticizer, 14% of talcum powder, 14% of paper pulp, 9% of an adhesive, 9% of a filler and 3% of a cross-linking agent.
In this embodiment, the natural starch is one or more of mung bean starch, tapioca starch, sweet potato starch, wheat starch, water chestnut starch, lotus root starch, and corn starch.
In this embodiment, the plant fiber is one or more of wheat straw fiber, beanstalk fiber, castor fiber, ramie fiber, hemp fiber, flax fiber, jute fiber, sisal fiber, abaca fiber, and bamboo fiber.
In this embodiment, the filler is one or more of calcium carbonate powder, barium sulfate powder, clay powder, fumed silica powder, calcium oxide powder, aluminum hydroxide powder, and magnesium hydroxide powder.
In this example, the adhesive is a modified starch that is soluble in cold water and forms a transparent viscous gel when hydrated.
In this embodiment, the paper pulp is one or more of wood pulp, straw pulp, hemp pulp, reed pulp, cane pulp and bamboo pulp.
A preparation method of a plant fiber material with fast degradation specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: premixing raw materials: weighing plant fibers, natural starch, reactive auxiliary agents, talcum powder, paper pulp, fillers and modified starch according to the proportion requirement, adding the plant fibers, the natural starch, the reactive auxiliary agents, the talcum powder, the paper pulp, the fillers and the modified starch into a first thermocouple reaction kettle, heating to 60-80 ℃, stirring and mixing for 1-2 hours, and adding an adhesive and a cross-linking agent while stirring to obtain mixed slurry;
step two: screening slurry: transferring the obtained mixed slurry to a screening machine for screening, filtering powder of particles with overlarge particle size, and reserving the filtered slurry;
step three: adding polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl alcohol into a second thermocouple reaction kettle, heating to 100-120 ℃, stirring and mixing for 1-2 hours, adding a plasticizer and a reactive auxiliary agent while stirring, adding the filter slurry into the second thermocouple reaction kettle, heating to 100-120 ℃, stirring and mixing for 1-2 hours, and preparing into a slurry mixture;
step four: transferring the pulp mixture obtained in the third step with a certain mass into a mould, putting the mould filled with the refined pulp into a flat vulcanizing machine, heating to 160-180 ℃, and carrying out hot press forming to obtain a plant fiber material crude product with rapid degradation;
step five: and (3) polishing the coarse product of the plant fiber material with fast degradation, performing post-process treatment to prepare a fine product of the plant fiber material, and sieving the prepared fine product of the plant fiber material with a 400-600-mesh sieve to obtain the plant fiber material product with fast degradation.
The first thermocouple reaction kettle and the second thermocouple reaction kettle are both provided with a stirrer, a distillation column connected with a water-cooled condenser, a nitrogen inlet and a temperature regulator.
And (3) experimental detection: the plant fiber materials prepared in example 1, example 2 and example 3 and the plant fiber materials in the prior art are respectively subjected to experimental tests of compressive strength, tensile strength, bending strength, hardness and impact strength, and a specific experimental test data table is shown in fig. 1.
And (3) analyzing an experimental detection result: the synthetic plant fiber materials prepared in the examples 1 and 2 and 3 have the compression strength, the tensile strength, the bending strength, the hardness and the impact degree which are equivalent to those of the plant fiber materials in the prior art.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the plant fiber material with high degradation speed mainly takes plant fiber and natural starch as main materials, the degradation speed of the plant fiber material is guaranteed, and a small amount of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl alcohol are added in an auxiliary mode, so that the compression strength, the tensile strength, the bending strength, the hardness and the impact degree of the prepared plant fiber material are guaranteed. The plant fiber material with fast degradation is modified starch by adding adhesive, the modified starch is soluble in cold water and forms transparent viscous gel when hydrated, and the compression strength, the tensile strength, the bending strength, the hardness and the impact degree of the plant fiber material are further improved. The preparation method of the plant fiber material with fast degradation comprises the steps of weighing plant fibers, natural starch, reactive auxiliary agents, talcum powder, paper pulp, fillers and modified starch according to the weight percentage according to the proportion requirement, adding the plant fibers, the natural starch, the reactive auxiliary agents, the talcum powder, the paper pulp, the fillers and the modified starch into a first thermocouple reaction kettle, heating to 60-80 ℃, stirring and mixing for 1-2 hours, and adding an adhesive and a cross-linking agent while stirring to obtain mixed slurry; adding polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl alcohol into a second thermocouple reaction kettle, heating to 100-120 ℃, stirring and mixing for 1-2 hours, adding a plasticizer and a reactive auxiliary agent while stirring, adding the filter slurry into the second thermocouple reaction kettle, heating to 100-120 ℃, stirring and mixing for 1-2 hours, and preparing a slurry mixture; two thermocouple reaction kettles are used for carrying out bidirectional balance treatment on plant fiber, natural starch, reactive auxiliary agent, talcum powder, paper pulp, filler and modified starch treatment and polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl alcohol treatment, so that the working efficiency is improved; and the first thermocouple reaction kettle and the second thermocouple reaction kettle are both provided with a stirrer, a distillation column connected with a water-cooled condenser, a nitrogen inlet and a temperature regulator, so that the preparation operation is convenient and fast to control, and the working efficiency is high.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (8)
1. A plant fiber material capable of being degraded quickly is characterized in that: the adhesive comprises, by mass, 60-80% of plant fibers, 30-60% of natural starch, 6-10% of polypropylene, 8-12% of polyvinyl chloride, 10-14% of polyvinyl alcohol, 5-9% of a reactive auxiliary agent, 10-20% of a plasticizer, 11-17% of talcum powder, 11-17% of paper pulp, 6-12% of an adhesive, 8-10% of a filler and 2-4% of a cross-linking agent.
2. A plant fiber material that degrades rapidly according to claim 1, wherein: the natural starch is one or more of mung bean starch, cassava starch, sweet potato starch, wheat starch, water caltrop starch, lotus root starch and corn starch.
3. A plant fiber material that degrades rapidly according to claim 1, wherein: the plant fiber is one or more of wheat straw fiber, beanstalk fiber, castor fiber, ramie fiber, hemp fiber, flax fiber, jute fiber, sisal fiber, abaca fiber and bamboo fiber.
4. A plant fiber material that degrades rapidly according to claim 1, wherein: the filling material is one or a mixture of more of calcium carbonate powder, barium sulfate powder, clay powder, gas-phase silicon dioxide powder, calcium oxide powder, aluminum hydroxide powder and magnesium hydroxide powder.
5. A plant fiber material that degrades rapidly according to claim 1, wherein: the adhesive is a modified starch that is soluble in cold water and forms a transparent viscous gel when hydrated.
6. A plant fiber material that degrades rapidly according to claim 1, wherein: the paper pulp is one or more of wood pulp, straw pulp, hemp pulp, reed pulp, cane pulp and bamboo pulp.
7. A preparation method of a plant fiber material with fast degradation is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: premixing raw materials: weighing plant fibers, natural starch, reactive auxiliary agents, talcum powder, paper pulp, fillers and modified starch according to the proportion requirement, adding the plant fibers, the natural starch, the reactive auxiliary agents, the talcum powder, the paper pulp, the fillers and the modified starch into a first thermocouple reaction kettle, heating to 60-80 ℃, stirring and mixing for 1-2 hours, and adding an adhesive and a cross-linking agent while stirring to obtain mixed slurry;
step two: screening slurry: transferring the obtained mixed slurry to a screening machine for screening, filtering powder of particles with overlarge particle size, and reserving the filtered slurry;
step three: adding polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl alcohol into a second thermocouple reaction kettle, heating to 100-120 ℃, stirring and mixing for 1-2 hours, adding a plasticizer and a reactive auxiliary agent while stirring, adding the filter slurry into the second thermocouple reaction kettle, heating to 100-120 ℃, stirring and mixing for 1-2 hours, and preparing into a slurry mixture;
step four: transferring the pulp mixture obtained in the third step with a certain mass into a mould, putting the mould filled with the refined pulp into a flat vulcanizing machine, heating to 160-180 ℃, and carrying out hot press forming to obtain a plant fiber material crude product with rapid degradation;
step five: and (3) polishing the coarse product of the plant fiber material with fast degradation, performing post-process treatment to prepare a fine product of the plant fiber material, and sieving the prepared fine product of the plant fiber material with a 400-600-mesh sieve to obtain the plant fiber material product with fast degradation.
8. A plant fiber material that degrades rapidly according to claim 7, wherein: the first thermocouple reaction kettle and the second thermocouple reaction kettle are both provided with a stirrer, a distillation column connected with a water-cooled condenser, a nitrogen inlet and a temperature regulator.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN111421852A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-07-17 | 国际竹藤中心 | Preparation method of multi-wall-layer weather-resistant plant fiber reinforced air pipe |
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