CN110818158B - Comprehensive treatment method for waste hydrochloric acid and sludge containing heavy metals - Google Patents
Comprehensive treatment method for waste hydrochloric acid and sludge containing heavy metals Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F11/00—Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
- C01F11/20—Halides
- C01F11/24—Chlorides
- C01F11/32—Purification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/10—Halides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
- B01D2257/204—Inorganic halogen compounds
- B01D2257/2045—Hydrochloric acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
- C02F1/705—Reduction by metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
Abstract
The invention provides a comprehensive treatment method of waste hydrochloric acid and sludge containing heavy metals, which comprises the following steps: 1) sludge acidolysis; 2) solid-liquid separation and impurity removal; 3) reduction and replacement; 4) removing heavy metals; 5) oxidation treatment; 6) precipitating and removing iron; 7) adjusting the pH value of the calcium chloride filtrate; 8) concentrating; 9) and (4) tail gas treatment. The invention comprehensively treats the waste hydrochloric acid containing heavy metal and the steel wire rope sludge containing lead and zinc, effectively separates metal ions in the waste hydrochloric acid and the steel wire rope sludge by adding an impurity removing agent to obtain a crude product containing the metal ions, calcium chloride and a purified ferrous chloride solution, thereby realizing the harmless treatment of the zinc steel wire rope sludge and the waste hydrochloric acid; the produced waste water can be recycled by applying the process, and the produced tail gas can be effectively controlled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of industrial waste liquid treatment, and particularly relates to a comprehensive treatment method of heavy metal-containing waste hydrochloric acid and sludge.
Background
The production process of the steel wire rope brings the environmental problems of treatment of a large amount of waste acid and sludge stockpiling, the heavy metal content in the pickling sludge generated by wastewater treatment in the steel wire rope industry is high, the treatment difficulty is high, and serious regional characteristic environmental pollution is caused.
The best treatment means at present is to comprehensively treat the waste acid containing heavy metal and the sludge generated in the process of processing the steel wire rope, which are used as raw materials and treat waste with waste. However, the method is a co-disposal method for adding the waste hydrochloric acid generated in the steel wire rope processing process into the alkaline sludge generated in the steel wire rope processing process, stirring the waste hydrochloric acid to enable the waste hydrochloric acid and the alkaline sludge to fully react, and then removing insoluble substances, but the method does not really realize the resource utilization of the pickling waste acid and the sludge, only simply mechanically stirring and mixing the waste acid and the sludge, and does not perform further treatment, and a large amount of heavy metal ions exist in the waste liquid.
CN106186445A discloses a steel wire rope acidA co-treatment system and process for waste washing acid and sludge containing high Zn and Pb includes such steps as stirring and dissolving mud acid, removing Pb and Zn, preparing Fe flocculant, purifying tail gas of hydrogen sulfide and depositing and separating Pb and Zn, directly adding sulfide to mud acid, and adding Fe in mud acid3+And S2-Oxidation-reduction reaction can occur to generate elemental sulfur precipitate, and the precipitate is very fine and difficult to filter, so that the disposal cost is increased correspondingly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a comprehensive treatment method of waste hydrochloric acid and sludge containing heavy metals, which comprehensively utilizes the methods of neutralization and dissolution of waste acid and sludge, reduction and replacement of reducing agents such as iron powder, scrap iron and the like, heavy metal removal, precipitation and iron removal, concentration and purification and tail gas treatment.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a comprehensive treatment method of waste hydrochloric acid and sludge containing heavy metals comprises the following steps:
1) sludge acidolysis: adding the measured sludge and the waste hydrochloric acid of the steel wire rope into a reaction kettle, continuously stirring to obtain a suspension, monitoring the real-time pH value of the suspension, and adjusting the pH value of the suspension by adding the hydrochloric acid, so as to ensure that the sludge is fully dissolved;
2) solid-liquid separation and impurity removal: filtering acid insoluble substances such as plastic cigarette ends and the like doped in a small amount of sludge in the suspension:
3) reduction and replacement: fully dissolving the sludge to obtain acidolysis solution, adding iron filings or iron powder into the acidolysis solution to remove Fe in the acidolysis solution3+Reduction to Fe2+Replacing part of heavy metal ions, stirring for reaction for 2-4h, and standing for 30 min;
4) heavy metal removal: pumping the supernatant into a heavy metal removal device, and detecting the type and the content of heavy metals in the supernatant; adding sulfide and heavy metal trapping agent to remove lead, zinc, manganese, copper and other heavy metals in the acidolysis solution; adding a flocculating agent, filtering heavy metal filter residues, and performing smelting centralized treatment, wherein the remained filtrate mainly contains ferrous chloride and calcium chloride solution;
5) oxidation treatment: introducing air or adding a small amount of hydrogen peroxide into the ferrous chloride and calcium chloride solution to fully oxidize ferrous iron into ferric iron, wherein the time of oxidation reaction is 8-12 h;
6) precipitating and removing iron: adding a precipitator calcium hydroxide into the ferric chloride solution, and controlling the pH value to obtain precipitated ferric hydroxide; performing plate-and-frame filter pressing to remove ferric hydroxide precipitate;
7) adjusting the pH of the calcium chloride filtrate: hydrochloric acid is used in the calcium chloride filtrate after impurity removal, so that the pH value of the filtrate is adjusted to be neutral; the calcium chloride solution with the adjusted pH value enters a calcium chloride liquid intermediate tank, one part of the calcium chloride solution is used as washing water of a plate-and-frame filter press, and the other part of the calcium chloride solution enters a concentration process;
8) concentration: concentrating the calcium chloride solution to a proper concentration by heating, carrying out steam-liquid separation, enabling the steam to enter the next unit for reuse, and enabling the concentrated solution to enter a collecting device to obtain calcium chloride finally; recycling the condensed water to prepare an absorption liquid of the waste gas absorption tower;
9) tail gas treatment: and collecting and intensively introducing waste gas generated in the whole working section into an alkali spray tower for treatment.
Further, a small amount of hydrogen chloride waste gas is generated in the step 1), and a gas collecting hood needs to be additionally arranged for collection treatment.
Further, the proportion of the steel wire rope waste hydrochloric acid to the steel wire rope sludge in the step 1) is (1-10) to 1; stirring for 30-60min at 20-30 r/min; the pH value is controlled between 0 and 2 by adjusting the addition of hydrochloric acid through a remote pH meter, so that the sludge is fully dissolved.
Further, in the process of adding the reduction reactant in the step 3), a small amount of hydrogen is generated, and in order to ensure that the hydrogen in the reduction reaction kettle does not leak, an explosion-proof air seal is adopted for intermittent addition; meanwhile, in order to ensure the effect of the reduction reaction, stirring and pump circulation are adopted for mixing, so that the reduction reaction time is reduced, and the treatment efficiency is improved.
Further, hydrogen sulfide gas is generated in the step 4) and is pumped into the alkali spray tower through a fan.
Further, oxygen and nitrogen which do not participate in the reaction and a small amount of hydrogen chloride tail gas volatilized by the oxygen and the nitrogen are generated during the oxidation treatment in the step 5).
Further, in order to improve the oxidation treatment efficiency in the step 5), the explosion treatment can be carried out by adopting double facilities: the bottom of the storage tank adopts a static aeration pipe for continuous aeration; and special stirring is utilized to carry out stirring and intermittent aeration, so that the oxidation treatment effect is ensured.
Further, the specific process of step 8): the calcium chloride solution preheated to the design temperature enters an upper pipe box of the triple-effect falling film heater, is uniformly distributed by a liquid distributor twice, then flows into the pipe of the heater to form a film shape, flows downwards along the inner surface of the falling film pipe under the action of gravity, and exchanges heat with the water vapor of the shell pass; after reaching the boiling point, the water is continuously vaporized, a vapor column with certain pressure favorable for film formation is formed in the center of the tube and flows downwards along with the liquid film; the steam-liquid mixed pipe is cut in a rotary mode and enters a three-effect separator for steam-liquid separation, the steam enters a condenser tube pass device for reuse, and the concentrated solution enters a collecting device; and recycling the condensed water to prepare an absorption liquid of the waste gas absorption tower.
Further, the alkali spray tower in the step 9) comprises a liquid storage tank, a tower body, an air inlet section, a spray layer, a packing layer, a rotational flow defogging layer, an air outlet cone cap and an observation hole, and the specific process is that waste gas is introduced into the first-stage spray tower through an air pipe, and the waste gas and water are in full gas-liquid two-phase contact with each other through the packing layer to absorb hydrogen chloride and hydrogen sulfide in the waste gas; the waste gas is purified and then sent into an alkali spray tower, passes through a filler layer, is in full gas-liquid two-phase contact with calcium hydroxide absorption liquid to absorb ammonia gas, is dehydrated and demisted by a demisting plate and then is discharged into the atmosphere by a fan. And each stage of absorption liquid is sprayed down at the tower top after being pressurized by a water pump at the tower bottom, and finally reflows to the tower bottom for recycling.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) comprehensively treating heavy metal-containing waste hydrochloric acid and lead-zinc-containing steel wire rope sludge, and effectively separating metal ions in the heavy metal-containing waste hydrochloric acid and lead-zinc-containing steel wire rope sludge by adding an impurity removing agent to obtain a crude product containing the metal ions, calcium chloride and a purified ferrous chloride solution, so that harmless treatment of the zinc steel wire rope sludge and the waste hydrochloric acid is realized;
2) the produced waste water can be recycled by applying the process, and the produced tail gas can be effectively controlled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the comprehensive treatment method of waste hydrochloric acid and sludge containing heavy metals.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a comprehensive treatment method of waste hydrochloric acid containing heavy metals and sludge comprises the following specific processes:
(1) adding 5kg of steel wire rope sludge into a sludge acidolysis reaction kettle, then weighing 10kg of steel wire rope waste hydrochloric acid by using an automatic flow meter, pumping into the acidolysis reaction kettle, stirring in the reaction kettle for about 30-60min, controlling the stirring speed at 25r/min, then adding a small amount of hydrochloric acid to control the pH value at 0-2, filtering the suspension by using a plate frame, wherein a small amount of filter residues are acid insoluble substances such as plastic butts and the like doped in the sludge;
the method comprises the following steps of (1) strictly metering waste acid and sludge, and reasonably adjusting the pH value of acidolysis solution by utilizing data display of a remote pH meter to ensure the quality of subsequent treatment products; a small amount of hydrogen chloride waste gas is discharged from the sludge feeding port and enters the waste gas absorption unit for treatment after being collected by the gas collecting hood.
(2) Fully dissolving the sludge to obtain acidolysis solution, adding scrap iron or iron powder, reducing Fe3+ in the acidolysis solution into Fe2+, replacing part of heavy metal ions, stirring for 2-4h, and standing for 30 min; pumping the supernatant into a heavy metal removal device, adding sulfide, removing heavy metals such as lead, zinc, manganese, copper and the like in acidolysis solution, adding a flocculating agent, filtering by using a plate frame, and performing smelting centralized treatment on the filter residue which is heavy metal filter residue, wherein the filtrate is ferrous chloride and calcium chloride solution;
wherein, in the adding process of the reduction reactant, in order to ensure that the hydrogen in the reduction reaction kettle does not leak, an explosion-proof air seal machine is adopted for intermittent addition. In order to ensure the effect of the reduction reaction, stirring and a pump are adopted for circulating and mixing use, so that the reduction reaction time is reduced, and the treatment efficiency is improved.
(3) Introducing air into the ferrous chloride and calcium chloride solution to fully oxidize ferrous iron into ferric iron, and adding a little hydrogen peroxide to completely oxidize the ferrous iron into the ferric iron when necessary, wherein the time of the oxidation reaction is 8-12 h; adding a precipitator calcium hydroxide into the ferric chloride solution to obtain precipitated ferric hydroxide; filter pressing with a plate frame, wherein the filter cake is ferric hydroxide precipitate
Wherein, in order to promote oxidation treatment efficiency, adopt dual facility to explode the gas and handle: the bottom of the storage tank adopts a static aeration pipe for continuous aeration; and special stirring is utilized to carry out stirring and intermittent aeration, so that the oxidation treatment effect is ensured.
(4) Adjusting the pH of the calcium chloride filtrate after impurity removal to be neutral by hydrochloric acid; and (3) the calcium chloride solution with the adjusted pH value enters a calcium chloride liquid intermediate tank, one part of the calcium chloride solution is used as washing water of the plate-and-frame filter press, and the other part of the calcium chloride solution enters a concentration process.
(5) The liquid calcium chloride is concentrated to a suitable concentration by heating. The calcium chloride solution preheated to the design temperature enters an upper pipe box of the triple-effect falling film heater, is uniformly distributed by a liquid distributor twice, then flows into the pipe of the heater to form a film shape, flows downwards along the inner surface of the falling film pipe under the action of gravity, and simultaneously exchanges heat with the water vapor of the shell pass. After reaching boiling point, water is continuously vaporized, a vapor column with certain pressure favorable for film formation is formed in the center of the tube, and the vapor column flows downwards along with the liquid film. The steam-liquid mixed pipe is cut in a rotary mode and enters a three-effect separator for steam-liquid separation, the steam enters a condenser tube pass device for reuse, and the concentrated solution enters a collecting device; finally obtaining calcium chloride.
(6) The working principle is that the waste gas is introduced into the first-stage spray tower through an air pipe, passes through the packing layer, and is in full gas-liquid two-phase contact with water to absorb hydrogen chloride and hydrogen sulfide in the waste gas; the waste gas is purified and then sent into an alkali spray tower, passes through a filler layer, is in full gas-liquid two-phase contact with calcium hydroxide absorption liquid to absorb ammonia gas, is dehydrated and demisted by a demisting plate and then is discharged into the atmosphere by a fan. And each stage of absorption liquid is sprayed down at the tower top after being pressurized by a water pump at the tower bottom, and finally reflows to the tower bottom for recycling.
Example 2
Adding 5t of steel wire rope sludge into a sludge acidolysis reaction kettle through a belt conveyor, weighing 10t of steel wire rope waste hydrochloric acid by using an automatic flow meter, pumping into the acidolysis reaction kettle, continuously stirring in the reaction kettle for about 30min, controlling the stirring speed at 25r/min, adding a small amount of hydrochloric acid to control the pH value at 1.0, and filtering the suspension by using a plate frame;
fully dissolving sludge to obtain acidolysis solution, detecting that the content of Fe in the acidolysis solution is 112g/L, adding 450kg of scrap iron or iron powder, reducing Fe3+ in the acidolysis solution into Fe2+, replacing part of heavy metal ions, stirring for 4h, and standing for 30 min;
pumping the supernatant into a heavy metal removal device, detecting the heavy metal content of lead of 2420mg/L and the zinc content of 13400mg/L, adding 493kg of sulfide, removing the heavy metals of lead, zinc, manganese, copper and the like in the acidolysis solution, adding a flocculating agent, filtering by using a plate frame, taking the filter residue as heavy metal filter residue, and carrying out smelting centralized treatment, wherein the filtrate is a ferrous chloride and calcium chloride solution;
introducing air into the ferrous chloride and calcium chloride solution to fully oxidize ferrous iron into ferric iron, and adding a little hydrogen peroxide to completely oxidize the ferrous iron into the ferric iron, wherein the time of the oxidation reaction is 8 hours; adding 3.5t of precipitator calcium hydroxide into the ferric chloride solution to obtain precipitated ferric hydroxide; performing plate-frame filter pressing, wherein a filter cake is ferric hydroxide precipitate;
and (3) adjusting the pH of the calcium chloride filtrate after impurity removal to be neutral by using hydrochloric acid, feeding the calcium chloride solution with the adjusted pH into a calcium chloride liquid intermediate tank, and concentrating to obtain a calcium chloride liquid.
The calcium chloride liquid is detected, and the results are as follows:
| index (I) | Unit of | Detection value |
| Calcium chloride | ％ | 6.31 |
| Total alkali metal chloride | ％ | 7.78 |
| Total magnesium | ％ | 0.38 |
| Alkalinity of | ％ | 3.6×10-3 |
| Water insoluble substance | ％ | 0 |
The result shows that the prepared calcium chloride liquid meets the HGT 2327-2004 industry standard.
Although technical solutions of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. The comprehensive treatment method of the waste hydrochloric acid and sludge containing heavy metals is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) sludge acidolysis: the steel wire rope waste hydrochloric acid and the steel wire rope sludge are mixed according to the proportion of (1-10): adding the mixture of 1 into a reaction kettle in proportion, continuously stirring for 30-60min at a stirring speed of 20-30r/min to obtain a suspension, monitoring the real-time pH value of the suspension, and adjusting the addition of hydrochloric acid by a remote pH meter to control the pH value to be 0-2 so as to ensure that the sludge is fully dissolved; a small amount of hydrogen chloride waste gas is generated in the process, and a gas-collecting hood needs to be additionally arranged for collection and treatment;
2) solid-liquid separation and impurity removal: filtering the plastic cigarette end acid-insoluble substances doped in a small amount of sludge in the suspension;
3) reduction and replacement: fully dissolving the sludge to obtain acidolysis solution, adding iron filings or iron powder into the acidolysis solution to remove Fe in the acidolysis solution3+Reduction to Fe2+Replacing part of heavy metal ions, stirring for reaction for 2-4h, and standing for 30 min; in the process of adding the reduction reactant, a small amount of hydrogen is generated, and in order to ensure that the hydrogen in the reduction reaction kettle does not leak, an explosion-proof air seal machine is adopted for intermittent addition; meanwhile, in order to ensure the effect of the reduction reaction, stirring and a pump are adopted for circulating and mixing use, so that the reduction reaction time is reduced, and the treatment efficiency is improved;
4) heavy metal removal: pumping the supernatant into a heavy metal removal device, and detecting the type and the content of heavy metals in the supernatant; adding sulfide and heavy metal trapping agent to remove heavy metals of lead, zinc, manganese and copper in the acidolysis solution; adding a flocculating agent, filtering heavy metal filter residues, and performing smelting centralized treatment, wherein the remained filtrate mainly contains ferrous chloride and calcium chloride solution; hydrogen sulfide gas is generated in the process and is pumped into the alkali spray tower through a fan;
5) oxidation treatment: introducing air or adding a small amount of hydrogen peroxide into the ferrous chloride and calcium chloride solution to fully oxidize ferrous iron into ferric iron, wherein the time of oxidation reaction is 8-12 h; oxygen, nitrogen and a small amount of hydrogen chloride tail gas volatilized without taking part in the reaction can be generated during the oxidation treatment; in order to improve the oxidation treatment efficiency, double facilities are adopted for aeration treatment: the bottom of the storage tank adopts a static aeration pipe for continuous aeration; special stirring is utilized to carry out stirring and intermittent aeration, so that the oxidation treatment effect is ensured;
6) precipitating and removing iron: adding a precipitator calcium hydroxide into the ferric chloride solution, and controlling the pH value to obtain precipitated ferric hydroxide; performing plate-and-frame filter pressing to remove ferric hydroxide precipitate;
7) adjusting the pH of the calcium chloride filtrate: hydrochloric acid is used in the calcium chloride filtrate after impurity removal, so that the pH value of the filtrate is adjusted to be neutral; the calcium chloride solution with the adjusted pH value enters a calcium chloride liquid intermediate tank, one part of the calcium chloride solution is used as washing water of a plate-and-frame filter press, and the other part of the calcium chloride solution enters a concentration process;
8) concentration: concentrating the calcium chloride solution to a proper concentration by heating, carrying out steam-liquid separation, enabling the steam to enter the next unit for reuse, and enabling the concentrated solution to enter a collecting device to obtain calcium chloride finally; recycling the condensed water to prepare an absorption liquid of the waste gas absorption tower; the specific process comprises the following steps: the calcium chloride solution preheated to the design temperature enters an upper pipe box of the triple-effect falling film heater, is uniformly distributed by a liquid distributor twice, then flows into the pipe of the heater to form a film shape, flows downwards along the inner surface of the falling film pipe under the action of gravity, and exchanges heat with the water vapor of the shell pass; after the boiling point is reached, the water is continuously vaporized, a steam column which has certain pressure and is favorable for film formation is formed in the center of the tube, and the steam column flows downwards along with the liquid film; the steam-liquid mixed pipe is cut in a rotary mode and enters a three-effect separator for steam-liquid separation, the steam enters a condenser tube pass device for reuse, and the concentrated solution enters a collecting device; recycling the condensed water to prepare an absorption liquid of the waste gas absorption tower;
9) tail gas treatment: collecting and intensively introducing waste gas generated in the whole working section into an alkali spray tower for treatment; the alkali spray tower comprises a liquid storage tank, a tower body, an air inlet section, a spray layer, a packing layer, a rotational flow defogging layer, an air outlet cone cap and an observation hole, and the specific process is that waste gas is introduced into the first-stage spray tower through an air pipe and passes through the packing layer, and the waste gas and water are in full gas-liquid two-phase contact with each other to absorb hydrogen chloride and hydrogen sulfide in the waste gas; the waste gas is purified and then sent into an alkali spray tower, passes through a filler layer, is subjected to gas-liquid two-phase full contact with calcium hydroxide absorption liquid to absorb ammonia gas, is dehydrated and demisted by a demisting plate and then is discharged into the atmosphere by a fan; and each stage of absorption liquid is sprayed down at the tower top after being pressurized by a water pump at the tower bottom, and finally reflows to the tower bottom for recycling.
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| CN112573580A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-03-30 | 江苏荣信环保科技有限公司 | Recovery treatment process of ferric trichloride sludge on surface of metal product |
| CN112661129A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-04-16 | 四川大学 | Preparation method of iron phosphate |
| CN114873790A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-09 | 天津辰创环境工程科技有限责任公司 | Steel wire rope sludge and waste acid recycling harmless treatment method |
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