CN110817914A - Method for resource utilization of aluminum chromium slag - Google Patents
Method for resource utilization of aluminum chromium slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN110817914A CN110817914A CN201911133267.7A CN201911133267A CN110817914A CN 110817914 A CN110817914 A CN 110817914A CN 201911133267 A CN201911133267 A CN 201911133267A CN 110817914 A CN110817914 A CN 110817914A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/45—Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
- C04B35/6306—Binders based on phosphoric acids or phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
- C04B35/6306—Binders based on phosphoric acids or phosphates
- C04B35/6309—Aluminium phosphates
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for recycling aluminum chromium slag. The technical scheme is as follows: placing the aluminum chromium slag fine powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 45 mu m in a muffle furnace, and preserving heat for 4-6 hours at the temperature of 1200-1350 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain a heat treatment material; and (3) putting the heat treatment material into water, stirring for 20-30 minutes at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and performing suction filtration and separation to obtain a filtering particle material and a filtrate. Drying the filter particles to obtain Al2O3And (4) granular materials. Mixing the filtrate with phosphorus pentoxide, and stirring for 15-20 minutes at 75-85 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution; adding aluminum powder accounting for 5-8 wt% of the mixed solution into the mixed solution, and stirring for 15-30 minutes to obtain the aluminum-chromium phosphate composite binder. The invention has the characteristics of simple process, low cost, no toxicity in the treatment process, high resource utilization rate and wide application range,is suitable for the industrial popularization of the resource utilization of the aluminum chromium slag.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum chromium slag treatment. In particular to a method for recycling aluminum chromium slag.
Background
The aluminum chromium slag is dangerous waste (chromium-containing waste in national hazardous waste records) derived in the process of producing chromium salt, metal chromium or chromium-containing alloy, and the main chemical component of the aluminum chromium slag is Al2O3And Cr2O3The main impurity components include MgO, CaO and SiO2And metals Fe, Al, etc. However, the components of the aluminum chromium slag derived from different raw materials, processes and other factors have large fluctuation and the phase composition is complicated and changeable, which causes resource utilization of the aluminum chromium slagSignificant obstacles.
The aluminum chromium slag is called hazardous waste because of the content of a certain amount of toxic Cr6+Compound of formula (I), and Cr6+The water solubility of the compound is strong, and Cr is further expanded6+The harm way of the compound seriously damages the ecological environment, influences the human health and restricts the sustainable development (the hexavalent chromium pollution of 6.2.4 magnesite-chrome bricks such as the plum fruit and the like and countermeasures [ M)]Beijing: metallurgy industry press, 2012, pp 184).
For many years, in order to eliminate Cr6+The basic principle of the technical measures adopted for the compound pollution can be summarized as 'reduction of valence', because the chromium element is in '+ 3' (Cr)3+E.g. Cr2O3) And 0 (metal Cr) is stable and nontoxic in two valence states and has high application value. At present, Cr in high valence state6+The main routes for reducing the valence of the compound are as follows:
(1) melting reduction
The chromium-containing slag or the chromium-containing slag6+Melting aluminum-chromium material of the compound, adding reducing agent (such as coke, aluminum powder, etc.), and reducing Cr by using the reducing property of the reducing agent6+Reduced to a lower valence state. For example, in the patent technology of 'a method for harmlessly treating aluminum chromium slag' (ZL201810322781.4), the aluminum chromium slag and aluminum powder are mixed and proportioned, and are reduced after being melted at high temperature, and the alloy and the refractory raw material are respectively obtained by layering of the reduced melt. The smelting reduction technology can realize the harmlessness of the aluminum-chromium slag, has wide treatment range and eliminates Cr6+But the melting reduction technique has large energy consumption and needs to use Al with high melting point2O3And Cr2O3Melting is carried out at 1800-2000 ℃, the energy consumption requirement on melting equipment is high, and the popularization is difficult.
(2) Sintering reduction
The chromium-containing slag or the chromium-containing slag6+The aluminum chromium material of the compound is mixed with non-oxide (such as carbide, nitride or coke powder) and then calcined at high temperature, and the self oxidation of the non-oxide is utilized to form a reducing atmosphere for intervention (Han Mao, etc. the addition of SiC has influence on chromium valence state in an aluminum chromium system at high temperature [ J]Refractory, 2008.42 (2): pp109 to 112). The technology can effectively inhibit Cr3+To Cr6+For Cr6+To Cr3+The reduction effect is relatively weak, so that it is difficult to detoxify completely and eliminate Cr6+And (4) pollution.
(3) Chemical reduction
Using reducing agents (e.g. metallic Fe, Ti or Fe)2+Ion, etc.) pairs containing Cr6+Research on removal of hexavalent chromium from water by photocatalytic chemical reduction (Zhang Yong Xiang et al. nanometer zero-valent iron) in ionic solution system (aqueous solution or mixed solution system) [ J]Application chemical, 2018.47 (8): pp 1569-1573). The technology can effectively reduce Cr6+Cr in solution6+Concentration of ions and reduction to Cr3+And the reduction efficiency is high. However, it has a disadvantage that only Cr in an aqueous solution can be removed6+The ion, i.e. the treatment process, needs to consume a large amount of water, and the cost of the reducing agent and the reduction technology is high, so that the ion, i.e. the treatment process, is still difficult to be widely applied at present.
(4) Biological adsorption
The performance of removing hexavalent chromium in water by using biological materials (such as corn straws, peanut shells, caraway and the like) as raw materials and preparing the adsorbent (cornstalk-based anion adsorbent such as cornstalk and the like) with high adsorbability after certain modification action [ J]Bioprocessing procedure, 2019.17 (2): pp 220-226) to adsorb Cr in the solution system6+Ions. The technology mainly uses filter type adsorption and can not completely reduce Cr6+Ions, easy to derive secondary pollution and can only treat Cr in solution system6+And (4) processing the ions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for recycling aluminum chromium slag, which has the advantages of simple process, low cost, no toxicity in the treatment process, wide treatment range and suitability for industrial popularization, and the method has high resource utilization rate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
step one, ball-milling the aluminum chromium slag until the granularity is less than or equal to 45 mu m to obtain fine powder of the aluminum chromium slag; placing the aluminum chromium slag fine powder into a muffle furnace, and preserving heat for 4-6 hours under the conditions of air atmosphere and 1200-1350 ℃ to obtain a heat treatment material; putting the heat treatment material into water according to the mass ratio of the heat treatment material to the water being 1: 40-75, stirring for 20-30 minutes at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and performing suction filtration to obtain a filter particle material and a filtrate.
Step two, drying the filter particles for 3-5 hours at the temperature of 110-120 ℃ to obtain Al2O3And (4) granular materials.
Step three, mixing the filtrate and the phosphorus pentoxide according to the mass ratio of the filtrate to the phosphorus pentoxide of 100: 60-65, and stirring for 15-20 minutes at 75-85 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution; adding aluminum powder accounting for 5-8 wt% of the mixed solution into the mixed solution, and stirring for 15-30 minutes to obtain the aluminum-chromium phosphate composite binder.
The aluminum chromium slag is slag generated by smelting metal chromium by an aluminothermic process, and the aluminum chromium slag comprises the following chemical components: al (Al)2O360-80 wt%; cr (chromium) component2O3≤15wt%;MgO≤2wt%;CaO≤1wt%;SiO2≤2wt%;Fe≤1wt%;Al≤3wt%。
The phosphorus pentoxide is chemically pure.
The granularity of the aluminum powder is 0.1-0.2 mm; the Al content of the aluminum powder is more than or equal to 98 wt%.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
the invention firstly eliminates the metallic impurity components in the aluminum chromium slag through high temperature treatment, so that the metallic impurity components are oxidized to form oxides and react with the aluminum oxide in the aluminum chromium slag to form solid solution, and meanwhile, the chromium elements in the aluminum chromium slag can be further oxidized to form toxic Cr in the air atmosphere6+Compounds and their water-solubility for separating Cr6+And (4) components. The obtained water-insoluble component is Al2O3The granular material (also containing a small amount of solid solution, such as spinel, mullite and the like) can be used as a raw material for preparing the high-temperature ceramic material; the water-soluble component is Cr6+Component (B) phosphoric acid (P) under heating2O5Dissolved in water) and Al powder to adjust the pH value of the system so as to lead Cr to be6+Reduced valence to form Cr3+The complex is aluminum chromium phosphate composite bonding agent, and can be used in the fields of ceramic material bonding or wave-transparent materials and the like.
1. The method comprises the steps of placing fine aluminum-chromium slag powder in a muffle furnace for heat treatment, placing the fine aluminum-chromium slag powder in water for stirring, and performing suction filtration and separation to obtain filter granules and filtrate. Drying the filter particles to obtain Al2O3The granular material is a raw material for preparing the high-temperature ceramic material; and mixing the filtrate with phosphorus pentoxide, stirring, adding aluminum powder, and continuously stirring to obtain the aluminum-chromium phosphate composite binder which can be used in the fields of ceramic material bonding, wave-transmitting materials and the like. Namely, the obtained products are respectively Al2O3Material and aluminum chromium phosphate composite binder. The method not only obviously improves the utilization rate of the aluminum chromium slag resources, but also has simple process, low cost, no toxicity and harm in the treatment process, no secondary pollution derivation and green and environment-friendly treatment process.
2. The invention leads Cr in a solution system to be reduced by the action of phosphoric acid and the like6+Reducing the price to Cr which is non-toxic3+Complex, elimination of Cr6+The aluminum-chromium phosphate composite bonding agent with high cementing property is obtained while pollution is caused, and the aluminum-chromium phosphate composite bonding agent can be used in the fields of ceramic materials, wave-transmitting materials and the like, has high resource utilization rate, remarkable social and economic benefits and wide application range and is suitable for industrial popularization.
Therefore, the method has the characteristics of simple process, low cost, no toxicity in the treatment process and wide application range, has high resource utilization rate and is suitable for industrial popularization.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments without limiting the scope of the invention:
in order to avoid repetition, the materials related to this specific embodiment are described in a unified manner, which is not described in the embodiments again:
the aluminum chromium slag is slag generated by smelting metal chromium by an aluminothermic process, and the aluminum chromium slag comprises the following chemical components: al (Al)2O360-80 wt%; cr (chromium) component2O3≤15wt%;MgO≤2wt%;CaO≤1wt%;SiO2≤2wt%;Fe≤1wt%;Al≤3wt%。
The phosphorus pentoxide is chemically pure.
The granularity of the aluminum powder is 0.1-0.2 mm; the Al content of the aluminum powder is more than or equal to 98 wt%.
Example 1
A method for recycling aluminum chromium slag. The method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, ball-milling the aluminum chromium slag until the granularity is less than or equal to 45 mu m to obtain fine powder of the aluminum chromium slag; placing the aluminum chromium slag fine powder into a muffle furnace, and preserving heat for 4-5 hours under the conditions of air atmosphere and 1200-1300 ℃ to obtain a heat treatment material; and (3) putting the heat treatment material into water according to the mass ratio of the heat treatment material to the water of 1: 40-60, stirring for 20-30 minutes at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and performing suction filtration to obtain a filter particle material and a filtrate.
Step two, drying the filter particles for 3-5 hours at the temperature of 110-120 ℃ to obtain Al2O3And (4) granular materials.
Step three, mixing the filtrate and the phosphorus pentoxide according to the mass ratio of the filtrate to the phosphorus pentoxide of 100: 60-62, and stirring for 15-20 minutes at 75-85 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution; adding aluminum powder accounting for 5-7 wt% of the mixed solution into the mixed solution, and stirring for 15-30 minutes to obtain the aluminum-chromium phosphate composite binder.
Example 2
A method for recycling aluminum chromium slag. The method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, ball-milling the aluminum chromium slag until the granularity is less than or equal to 45 mu m to obtain fine powder of the aluminum chromium slag; placing the aluminum chromium slag fine powder into a muffle furnace, and preserving heat for 4-5 hours under the conditions of air atmosphere and 1200-1300 ℃ to obtain a heat treatment material; and (2) putting the heat treatment material into water according to the mass ratio of the heat treatment material to the water of 1: 45-65, stirring for 20-30 minutes at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and performing suction filtration to obtain a filter particle material and a filtrate.
Step two, drying the filter particles for 3-5 hours at the temperature of 110-120 ℃ to obtain Al2O3And (4) granular materials.
Step three, mixing the filtrate and the phosphorus pentoxide according to the mass ratio of the filtrate to the phosphorus pentoxide of 100: 61-63, and stirring for 15-20 minutes at 75-85 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution; adding aluminum powder accounting for 5-7 wt% of the mixed solution into the mixed solution, and stirring for 15-30 minutes to obtain the aluminum-chromium phosphate composite binder.
Example 3
A method for recycling aluminum chromium slag. The method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, ball-milling the aluminum chromium slag until the granularity is less than or equal to 45 mu m to obtain fine powder of the aluminum chromium slag; placing the aluminum chromium slag fine powder into a muffle furnace, and preserving heat for 5-6 hours under the conditions of air atmosphere and 1250-1350 ℃ to obtain a heat treatment material; and (3) putting the heat treatment material into water according to the mass ratio of the heat treatment material to the water of 1: 50-70, stirring for 20-30 minutes at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and performing suction filtration to obtain a filter particle material and a filtrate.
Step two, drying the filter particles for 3-5 hours at the temperature of 110-120 ℃ to obtain Al2O3And (4) granular materials.
Step three, mixing the filtrate and the phosphorus pentoxide according to the mass ratio of the filtrate to the phosphorus pentoxide of 100: 62-64, and stirring for 15-20 minutes at 75-85 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution; adding aluminum powder accounting for 6-8 wt% of the mixed solution into the mixed solution, and stirring for 15-30 minutes to obtain the aluminum-chromium phosphate composite binder.
Example 4
A method for recycling aluminum chromium slag. The method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, ball-milling the aluminum chromium slag until the granularity is less than or equal to 45 mu m to obtain fine powder of the aluminum chromium slag; placing the aluminum chromium slag fine powder into a muffle furnace, and preserving heat for 5-6 hours under the conditions of air atmosphere and 1250-1350 ℃ to obtain a heat treatment material; putting the heat treatment material into water according to the mass ratio of the heat treatment material to the water being 1: 55-75, stirring for 20-30 minutes at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and performing suction filtration to obtain a filter particle material and a filtrate.
Step two, drying the filter particles for 3-5 hours at the temperature of 110-120 ℃ to obtain Al2O3And (4) granular materials.
Step three, mixing the filtrate and the phosphorus pentoxide according to the mass ratio of the filtrate to the phosphorus pentoxide of 100: 63-65, and stirring for 15-20 minutes at 75-85 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution; adding aluminum powder accounting for 6-8 wt% of the mixed solution into the mixed solution, and stirring for 15-30 minutes to obtain the aluminum-chromium phosphate composite binder.
Compared with the prior art, the specific implementation mode has the following positive effects:
the specific embodiment firstly eliminates the metal impurity components in the aluminum chromium slag through high-temperature treatment, so that the metal impurity components are oxidized to form oxides and react with the aluminum oxide in the aluminum chromium slag to form solid solution, and meanwhile, the chromium elements in the aluminum chromium slag can be further oxidized to form toxic Cr in the air atmosphere6+Compounds and their water-solubility for separating Cr6+And (4) components. The obtained water-insoluble component is Al2O3The granular material (also containing a small amount of solid solution, such as spinel, mullite and the like) can be used as a raw material for preparing the high-temperature ceramic material; the water-soluble component is Cr6+Component (B) phosphoric acid (P) under heating2O5Dissolved in water) and Al powder to adjust the pH value of the system so as to lead Cr to be6 +Reduced valence to form Cr3+The complex is aluminum chromium phosphate composite bonding agent, and can be used in the fields of ceramic material bonding or wave-transparent materials and the like.
1. In the specific embodiment, the aluminum chromium slag fine powder is placed in a muffle furnace for heat treatment, then placed in water for stirring and then subjected to suction filtration and separation, so that the filter particles and the filtrate are obtained. Drying the filter particles to obtain Al2O3The granular material is a raw material for preparing the high-temperature ceramic material; and mixing the filtrate with phosphorus pentoxide, stirring, adding aluminum powder, and continuously stirring to obtain the aluminum-chromium phosphate composite binder which can be used in the fields of ceramic material bonding, wave-transmitting materials and the like. Namely, the obtained products are respectively Al2O3Material and aluminum chromium phosphate composite binder. Is not only obviousThe utilization rate of the aluminum chromium slag resource is improved, the process is simple, the cost is low, the treatment process is non-toxic and non-toxic, secondary pollution derivation is avoided, and the treatment process is green and environment-friendly.
2. The embodiment leads Cr in a solution system to be reduced by the action of phosphoric acid and the like6+Reducing the price to Cr which is non-toxic3+Complex, elimination of Cr6+The aluminum-chromium phosphate composite bonding agent with high cementing property is obtained while pollution is caused, and the aluminum-chromium phosphate composite bonding agent can be used in the fields of ceramic materials, wave-transmitting materials and the like, has high resource utilization rate, remarkable social and economic benefits and wide application range and is suitable for industrial popularization.
Therefore, the specific implementation mode has the characteristics of simple process, low cost, no toxicity in the treatment process and wide application range, has high resource utilization rate and is suitable for industrial popularization.
Claims (3)
1. A method for resource utilization of aluminum chromium slag is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, ball-milling the aluminum chromium slag until the granularity is less than or equal to 45 mu m to obtain fine powder of the aluminum chromium slag; placing the aluminum chromium slag fine powder into a muffle furnace, and preserving heat for 4-6 hours under the conditions of air atmosphere and 1200-1350 ℃ to obtain a heat treatment material; putting the heat treatment material into water according to the mass ratio of the heat treatment material to the water of 1: 40-75, stirring for 20-30 minutes at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and performing suction filtration to obtain a filter particle material and a filtrate;
step two, drying the filter particles for 3-5 hours at the temperature of 110-120 ℃ to obtain Al2O3A mass particle material;
step three, mixing the filtrate and the phosphorus pentoxide according to the mass ratio of the filtrate to the phosphorus pentoxide of 100: 60-65, and stirring for 15-20 minutes at 75-85 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution; adding aluminum powder accounting for 5-8 wt% of the mixed solution into the mixed solution, and stirring for 15-30 minutes to obtain an aluminum-chromium phosphate composite binder;
the aluminum chromium slag is slag generated by smelting metal chromium by an aluminothermic process, and the aluminum chromium slag comprises the following chemical components: al (Al)2O360-80 wt%; cr (chromium) component2O3≤15wt%;MgO≤2wt%;CaO≤1wt%;SiO2≤2wt%;Fe≤1wt%;Al≤3wt%。
2. The method for recycling the aluminum chromium slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phosphorus pentoxide is chemically pure.
3. The method for recycling the aluminum chromium slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the granularity of the aluminum powder is 0.1-0.2 mm; the Al content of the aluminum powder is more than or equal to 98 wt%.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114632509A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-06-17 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation of Cr-Al from aluminium-chromium slag2O3Method and application of mesoporous catalytic material |
-
2019
- 2019-11-19 CN CN201911133267.7A patent/CN110817914A/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
PENGDA ZHAO等: ""Conditions for mutual conversion of Cr(Ⅲ) and Cr(Ⅵ) in aluminum chromium slag"", 《JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS》 * |
纪烈孔等: ""由固体污染物-含铬铝污泥生产磷酸铝铬"", 《科技成果》 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114632509A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-06-17 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation of Cr-Al from aluminium-chromium slag2O3Method and application of mesoporous catalytic material |
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