CN110817894B - Evaluation method of calcium-based bentonite sodium treatment degree - Google Patents
Evaluation method of calcium-based bentonite sodium treatment degree Download PDFInfo
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- CN110817894B CN110817894B CN201911216311.0A CN201911216311A CN110817894B CN 110817894 B CN110817894 B CN 110817894B CN 201911216311 A CN201911216311 A CN 201911216311A CN 110817894 B CN110817894 B CN 110817894B
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- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
- C01B33/38—Layered base-exchange silicates, e.g. clays, micas or alkali metal silicates of kenyaite or magadiite type
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Abstract
The invention discloses an evaluation method of the sodification degree of calcium-based bentonite. Characterized by the interlayer spacing d of the layered structure of the smectite (001) The degree of sodium treatment of the calcium-based bentonite was evaluated by calculating the sodium modification ratio (N) which is represented by the symbolThe formula for calculating the ratio is as follows: n = -333.3d (001) +516.6%. The interlayer spacing of the layered structure of the montmorillonite is measured by XRD, the sodium treatment degree of the calcium-based bentonite is judged, the quality of the sodium-treated bentonite is evaluated, and the evaluation method is simple and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bentonite quality evaluation method, in particular to an evaluation method of the sodification treatment degree of calcium bentonite.
Background
Bentonite is one of the most widely distributed and studied minerals in nature, and its main component is montmorillonite. Montmorillonite (also known as microcrystalline kaolinite or montmorillonite) is an aluminosilicate whose major component is octahedral montmorillonite particles, which is a layered mineral composed of finely divided hydrous aluminosilicate.
Generally speaking, the appearance morphology of montmorillonite is mostly bentonite raw ore, the bentonite raw ore is usually in a soil-like cryptocrystalline block shape, and is in a fine scale shape under an electron microscope, generally speaking, the microscopic morphology of montmorillonite is mostly the crystal structure of montmorillonite (shown in figure 1) and the layered structure of montmorillonite (shown in figure 2), and the layered structure of montmorillonite shows the distribution of the sheet charge of montmorillonite. The structural layer has permanent negative charges, which are exchanged by K between layers + 、Na + 、Ca 2+ 、Mg 2+ The cations are compensated by the cations, and the cations have good exchangeability between layers. The structure layer of montmorillonite is only about 1 nm.
After the initial bentonite ore is mined, 80% of the bentonite ore belongs to the category of calcium bentonite, the requirements of more industries cannot be met, and sodium treatment is needed to better meet the requirements of other industries.
The calcium bentonite can be modified into sodium bentonite through cation exchange, and the technology is widely applied to the production and processing of bentonite.
The reaction of sodium modification of calcium bentonite is a salt-based exchange reaction, which is generally better in the presence of water than in a dry environment. The calcium bentonite is insoluble in water, exists in a state of crystal aggregate, only the surface is subjected to sodium treatment, and the surface subjected to sodium treatment forms a water-proof film with the thickness of about 1.5mm to wrap the calcium bentonite which is not subjected to sodium treatment in the particles. If the sodium film cannot be peeled off in time, the sodium treatment of the inner layer is affected, so that the phenomenon of 'entrainment' is caused, and the product quality is adversely affected.
The problem of sodium-modified bentonite failure also exists in practical application.
Therefore, it is strongly desired to evaluate the sodium modification rate of the calcium-based bentonite sodium-modification treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention provides an evaluation method of the sodification treatment degree of calcium bentonite, and aims to judge the product quality of the sodified bentonite by calculating the sodification rate of the calcium bentonite.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for evaluating the degree of sodium treatment of a calcium-based bentonite by the interlayer spacing d of the layered structure of montmorillonite (001) The degree of sodium treatment of the calcium bentonite is evaluated by calculating the sodium treatment rate, the sodium treatment rate is represented by symbol N, and the calculation formula of the sodium treatment rate is as follows:
N=（-333.3d (001) +516.6）%。
the layer spacing d (001) In the range of 1.25nm < d (001) ＜1.55 nm；
When d is (001) When the sodium content is less than 1.25nm, the sodium content is 100 percent;
when d is (001) When the sodium salt content is more than 1.55 nm, the sodium salt content is considered to be zero.
The layer spacing d (001) Measured by X-ray diffraction method.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme of the invention provides an evaluation method for the degree of sodium treatment of calcium bentonite, and the following beneficial effects can be obtained.
(1) According to the technical scheme, the interlayer spacing of the layered structure of the montmorillonite is measured through XRD, the sodium treatment degree of the calcium-based bentonite is judged, the quality of the sodium-treated bentonite is evaluated, and the evaluation method is simple and reliable.
(2) The sodium treatment rate calculation formula of the technical scheme of the invention is obtained by derivation of empirical data, and the industrial production applicability is strong, so that the effect of a sodium treatment process can be evaluated, and the failure degree of sodium-treated bentonite can also be evaluated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a crystal structure diagram of montmorillonite.
FIG. 2 is a layered structure diagram of montmorillonite.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As in fig. 1, the crystal structure of montmorillonite, as in fig. 2, the layered structure of montmorillonite shows the distribution of the charge of the montmorillonite sheet.
The technical scheme of the invention is provided on the basis of researching the layered structure of the montmorillonite.
The interlayer domain between the montmorillonite structure layers is a two-dimensional sheet layer formed by water molecules and cations, the montmorillonite structure layers are combined by weak electrostatic attraction of the cations, when the water molecules and the cations in the interlayer domain are exchanged, the interlayer substance is changed, the height of the interlayer domain is greatly changed, and the interlayer distance d of the layered structure of the montmorillonite is changed during the sodium treatment of the calcium-based montmorillonite (001) A change occurs.
A method for evaluating the sodification degree of calcium-based bentonite comprises determining the interlayer spacing d of the layered structure of montmorillonite (001) The degree of sodium treatment of the calcium bentonite is evaluated by calculating the sodium treatment rate, the sodium treatment rate is represented by the symbol N, and the calculation formula of the sodium treatment rate is as follows:
N=（-333.3d (001) +516.6）%。
the layer spacing d (001) In the range of 1.25nm < d (001) ＜1.55 nm；
When d is (001) When the sodium salt content is less than 1.25nm, the apparent sodium salt content is 100 percent;
when d is (001) When the sodium salt content is more than 1.55 nm, the sodium salt content is considered to be zero.
The layer spacing d (001) Measured by X-ray diffraction method.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for evaluating the degree of sodium treatment of a calcium-based bentonite, characterized in that the interlayer distance d of the layered structure of montmorillonite is used (001) The degree of sodium treatment of the calcium bentonite is evaluated by calculating the sodium treatment rate, the sodium treatment rate is represented by the symbol N, and the calculation formula of the sodium treatment rate is as follows:
N=（-333.3d (001) +516.6）%；
the layer spacing d (001) In the range of 1.25nm < d (001) ＜1.55 nm；
When d is (001) When the sodium salt content is less than 1.25nm, the apparent sodium salt content is 100 percent;
when d is (001) When the sodium salt content is more than 1.55 nm, the sodium salt content is considered to be zero.
2. The method for evaluating the degree of sodium treatment of a calcium-based bentonite according to claim 1, wherein the distance d between layers is (001) Measured by X-ray diffraction method.
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