CN110811693A - 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging method, device and equipment - Google Patents
20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging method, device and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/10—Eye inspection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
- A61B8/4411—Device being modular
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
- A61B8/4483—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device characterised by features of the ultrasound transducer
- A61B8/4488—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device characterised by features of the ultrasound transducer the transducer being a phased array
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/5207—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of raw data to produce diagnostic data, e.g. for generating an image
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/5269—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving detection or reduction of artifacts
Abstract
The invention provides a 20MHz ophthalmology ultrasonic imaging method, a device and equipment, comprising the following steps: sequentially and alternately exciting the single-element transducer through a pair of Gray positive sequence codes and Gray negative sequence codes, so that the single-element transducer sequentially emits 2N ultrasonic signals to form 2N scanning lines; after each transmission is finished, the echo on each scanning line is received through the single-array-element transducer, Gray positive code matched filtering is carried out on the echo on the scanning line excited by Gray positive sequence coding, and Gray inverse code matched filtering is carried out on the echo on the scanning line excited by Gray inverse sequence coding; overlapping the filtered echoes on two adjacent scanning lines to form 2N-1 echo scanning lines; and obtaining the sector ultrasonic imaging of the eyes according to the 2N-1 echo scanning lines. Compared with the prior art, the application of the Gray complementary sequence in the ophthalmic imaging is realized, and the signal-to-noise ratio and the detection depth of the ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical ultrasonic imaging, in particular to a method, a device and equipment for 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging.
Background
The ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging technology is a diagnosis mode widely applied clinically at present, and compared with the traditional 10MHz ultrasonic wave, the 20MHz ultrasonic wave has higher image resolution effect on the imaging of the fine structure of the eyeball wall and the cataract crystal. However, due to their high frequency and high attenuation speed, imaging of deep orbital lesion tissue is limited. Therefore, how to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and the detection depth of the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound image becomes a difficult problem.
The digital coding excitation technology has important research significance for acquiring human tissue micro signals, improving image quality and reducing the cavitation effect and the thermal effect of ultrasound in medical ultrasonic diagnosis. The Golay complementary sequence can completely eliminate the distance side lobe theoretically, and the signal-to-noise ratio and the detection depth of the ophthalmic ultrasonic image are improved. But the biggest defect is that the gray complementary sequence needs to be transmitted twice to complete pulse compression, and the frame frequency of subsequent imaging is greatly limited. Moreover, because there is no array type ophthalmological sector scanning probe used in a frequency range of more than 10MHz at present, the sector scanning of the eye still needs to be realized by adopting a mechanical transmission structure to control a single-array-element transducer, so that the position for transmitting the ultrasonic waves and the frequency for transmitting the ultrasonic waves cannot be selected at will, and the limitation on the imaging frame frequency is overcome.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the related art, the embodiment of the invention provides a 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging method, a device and equipment.
According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging method, comprising the steps of: sequentially and alternately exciting the single-element transducer through a pair of Gray positive sequence codes and Gray negative sequence codes, so that the single-element transducer sequentially emits 2N ultrasonic signals to form 2N scanning lines, wherein the 2N scanning lines form a sector scanning area of the eye;
after each transmission is finished, the echo on each scanning line is received through the single-array-element transducer, Gray positive code matched filtering is carried out on the echo on the scanning line excited by Gray positive sequence coding, and Gray inverse code matched filtering is carried out on the echo on the scanning line excited by Gray inverse sequence coding;
overlapping the filtered echoes on two adjacent scanning lines to form 2N-1 echo scanning lines;
and obtaining the sector ultrasonic imaging of the eyes according to the 2N-1 echo scanning lines.
Optionally, at regular intervals, according to a preset read-write control signal, respectively inputting filtered echoes on a group of two adjacent scanning lines into two buffers, where the buffers are first-in first-out buffers; and respectively reading the filtered echoes from the two buffers at regular intervals and superposing the echoes to form an echo scanning line.
Under the action of the read-write control signal, filtered echoes on a group of two adjacent scanning lines are respectively input into the two buffers, and then the echoes are respectively read from the two buffers and are superposed, so that the multiplexing of the echoes on the scanning lines is realized.
Optionally, after each transmission is finished, the echo on the scanning line excited by the gray positive sequence coding is amplified and compensated; gray positive code matching filtering is carried out on the processed echo on the scanning line excited by Gray positive sequence coding; after each emission is finished, the echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray anti-sequence coding is amplified and compensated; and carrying out Gray inverse code matching filtering on the processed echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray inverse sequence coding.
By amplifying and compensating the echo, the signal loss in the transmission process is compensated, and the imaging resolution is improved.
Optionally, the golay positive sequence code is a 4-bit golay positive sequence code, and the golay negative sequence code is a 4-bit golay negative sequence code.
The 4-bit Gray positive sequence coding and the 4-bit Gray negative sequence coding are beneficial to coordinating the factors such as system power consumption, hardware resource occupancy rate, high-speed signal data volume, image real-time performance and the like, and the overall performance of the method can be improved.
According to a second aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging device comprising: the ultrasonic wave transmitting unit is used for sequentially and alternately exciting the single-element transducer through a pair of Gray positive sequence codes and Gray negative sequence codes, so that the single-element transducer sequentially transmits 2N ultrasonic wave signals to form 2N scanning lines, and the 2N scanning lines form a sector scanning area of the eye;
the positive code matched filtering unit is used for receiving the echo on each scanning line through the single-array-element transducer after the transmission is finished each time, and carrying out Gray positive code matched filtering on the echo on the scanning line excited by Gray positive sequence coding;
the anti-code matching filtering unit is used for receiving the echo on each scanning line through the single-array-element transducer after the transmission is finished each time, and carrying out Gray anti-code matching filtering on the echo on the scanning line excited by Gray anti-sequence coding;
the superposition unit is used for superposing the filtered echoes on the two adjacent scanning lines to form 2N-1 echo scanning lines;
and the imaging unit is used for obtaining fan-shaped ultrasonic imaging of the eyes according to the 2N-1 echo scanning lines.
According to a third aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging apparatus comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the computer program implements the steps of the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging method according to the first aspect.
According to a fourth aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging method as described in the first aspect above.
In the embodiment of the application, based on the characteristics that ultrasonic signals are dense, the spatial distance between adjacent ultrasonic waves is small, and eye tissues are mostly static tissues, the Gray positive sequence coding and the Gray negative sequence coding are adopted to alternately excite the single-element transducer, so that the single-element transducer alternately transmits 2N ultrasonic signals to the eyes in the process of rotating and moving, and after receiving ultrasonic echoes, filtered echoes on two adjacent scanning lines are superposed and multiplexed, thereby realizing that in the process of rotating and moving the single-element transducer, under the condition that only one ultrasonic wave is transmitted to each eye position, pulse compression of the ultrasonic echoes can be completed, ultrasonic imaging is obtained, the frame frequency of the imaging cannot be reduced, the technical problem that the pulse compression can be completed to obtain the echo scanning lines only by transmitting two ultrasonic waves to each eye position by a Gray complementary sequence is solved, the application of the Gray complementary sequence in the ophthalmic imaging is realized, and the signal-to-noise ratio and the detection depth of the ophthalmic ultrasonic image are improved.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
For a better understanding and practice, the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an eye sector scan region formed by 2N scan lines according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of the gray positive code matched filtering according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of echo superposition on adjacent scanlines provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method of 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of superposition of filtered echoes on two adjacent scan lines according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a timing diagram illustrating the reading and writing of buffers according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph comparing results of a conventional single pulse reflectometry imaging method and a 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging method provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present invention. The word "if/if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The method is performed by an ophthalmic imaging apparatus, comprising the steps of:
s101: the method comprises the steps that a pair of Gray positive sequence codes and Gray negative sequence codes are used for sequentially and alternately exciting a single-element transducer, so that the single-element transducer sequentially emits 2N ultrasonic signals to form 2N scanning lines, and the 2N scanning lines form a sector scanning area of eyes.
A transducer refers to a device that converts electrical, mechanical or acoustic energy from one form of energy to another, also called an active sensor, and is the core component of an ultrasound device. The kinds of transducers include single-element transducers and array transducers. The single-element transducer only comprises one array element and can transmit and receive ultrasonic waves in one period; the array transducer comprises a plurality of array elements, and the array elements and the transmitting times of the ultrasonic waves can be selected at will. The transducer adopted in the embodiment of the invention is a single-array-element transducer, and the sector scanning of the eye is realized by combining the single-array-element transducer with a mechanical transmission structure.
The coding excitation technology can excite the transducer to generate ultrasonic waves, and the coding modes mainly adopted by the coding excitation technology are white noise coding, pseudo-random code, Golay complementary coding (Golay) and the like. It differs from the conventional pulse echo imaging technique in that: (1) transmitting ultrasonic waves by using a coded excitation transducer; (2) the received echo signals also need to be pulse compressed, i.e. need to be matched filtered. The pulse compression is to perform correlation operation on the received echo signal and a reference signal to obtain an impulse response similar to that of a conventional pulse excitation system.
Where a gray complementary code is a pair of equal-length, finite sequences of two elements, and at any given interval, the number of identical pairs in one sequence is equal to the number of dissimilar pairs in the other sequence. For example, a gray positive sequence code 1,1,1, -1 and a gray negative sequence code 1,1, -1,1 are a pair of 4-bit gray complementary codes.
In the embodiment of the invention, the ophthalmic imaging equipment sequentially and alternately activates the single-element transducer through a pair of Gray positive sequence codes and Gray negative sequence codes, so that the transducer sequentially emits 2N times of ultrasonic signals to form 2N scanning lines, and the 2N scanning lines form a sector scanning area of the eye.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an eye sector scanning area formed by 2N scanning lines according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. In FIG. 2, X1、X2、X3...XnRepresenting N scanning lines, Y, formed by exciting ultrasonic signals emitted by the transducer of the single array element by Gray positive sequence coding1、Y2、Y3...YnThe method is used for exciting N scanning lines formed by ultrasonic signals emitted by the single-element transducer by using Gray anti-sequence coding. Because the gray positive sequence codes and the gray negative sequence codes sequentially and alternately excite the single-element transducers, the formed scanning lines are alternately arranged to form a sector scanning area of the eye.
In an optional embodiment, the golay positive sequence coding is 4-bit golay positive sequence coding, and the golay inverse sequence coding is 4-bit golay inverse sequence coding. The 4-bit Gray positive sequence coding and the 4-bit Gray negative sequence coding are beneficial to coordinating the factors such as system power consumption, hardware resource occupancy rate, high-speed signal data volume, image real-time performance and the like, and the overall performance of the method can be improved.
S102: after each transmission is finished, the echo on each scanning line is received through the single-array-element transducer, Gray positive code matched filtering is carried out on the echo on the scanning line excited by Gray positive sequence coding, and Gray inverse code matched filtering is carried out on the echo on the scanning line excited by Gray inverse sequence coding.
In an embodiment of the invention, after each emission of the ophthalmic imaging device is finished, the echo on each scanning line is received by the single-element transducer.
Specifically, after the single-array-element transducer emits an ultrasonic wave, the ultrasonic wave continuously moves to the deep part of the eye, and an echo is formed after each obstacle is touched and returns to the single-array-element transducer. Because the distance of the fundus barrier position on one scanning line is different, the time for receiving a plurality of echoes on one scanning line by the single-array-element transducer is also different, and the echoes on one scanning line are sequentially stored in the cache according to the time sequence.
The ophthalmology imaging equipment reads the echo in the buffer memory, performs Gray positive code matching filtering on the echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray positive sequence coding, and performs Gray inverse code matching filtering on the echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray inverse sequence coding. In the matched filtering (also called pulse compression), a received echo signal is correlated with a reference signal to obtain an impulse response similar to that of a conventional pulse excitation system. The reference signal is obtained by inverting the gray positive sequence code or the gray negative sequence code.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a gray positive code matched filtering according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the echo signal is a gray positive sequence code 1,1,1, -1, the reference signal sequentially inverts 1,1,1, -1 to-1, 1,1, and the filtered echo is obtained through a compression operation. The process of the Gray inverse code matched filtering is the same as that of the Gray positive code matched filtering.
S103: and overlapping the filtered echoes on two adjacent scanning lines to form 2N-1 echo scanning lines.
The ophthalmology imaging equipment superposes the filtered echoes on two adjacent scanning lines to form 2N-1 echo scanning lines. Specifically, the ophthalmic imaging device reads echoes from each buffer, and superposes the filtered echoes on two adjacent scan lines to form 2N-1 echo scan lines. Each echo scanning line is loaded with a plurality of superposed echo signals which are arranged according to the receiving sequence.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 shows neighboring scan lines according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventionSchematic diagram of echo superposition. In FIG. 4, X1、X2、X3...XnAnd Y1、Y2、Y3...YnFirstly, inputting the echo into a buffer memory, then respectively carrying out positive code matched filtering or negative code matched filtering on the echo read from the buffer memory, and finally superposing the filtered echoes on two adjacent scanning lines to form 2N-1 echo scanning lines Z1～Z2n-1。
S104: and obtaining the sector ultrasonic imaging of the eyes according to the 2N-1 echo scanning lines.
The ophthalmologic imaging apparatus modulates the amplitude to the light spot brightness according to the amplitude of the plurality of superposed echo signals arranged in the receiving order carried on each echo scanning line, and expresses the ultrasonic detection result at a certain gray scale level to obtain the sector-shaped ultrasonic imaging of the eye.
In the embodiment of the invention, the Gray complementary coding excitation transducer can improve the average transmitting power by transmitting ultrasonic waves, and the detection depth is improved under the condition of ensuring that the resolution ratio is not changed. However, since the transducers need to be alternately excited to generate ultrasonic waves by using gray reverse sequence coding and gray forward sequence coding, and then two echo results are obtained and superposed to form an echo scanning line, the frame frequency of the final imaging is reduced by half, and the frame frequency refers to the number of scanning images formed per second. In an embodiment of the present invention, each frame of image contains 735 scan lines. In addition, the frequency range of the 20MHz ultrasound wave does not have an array type ophthalmologic sector scanning probe that can be used, so the frame frequency cannot be directly increased by increasing the transmission frequency (the frame frequency can be increased by shortening the transmission period, but the increase of the transmission frequency can only increase the resolution of the image, and cannot increase the frame frequency), and the limitation of the gray complementary sequence in ophthalmologic imaging is overcome. In the embodiment of the application, the characteristics that ultrasonic signals are dense, the space distance between adjacent ultrasonic waves is small, and eye tissues are mostly static tissues are comprehensively considered, the Gray positive sequence coding and the Gray negative sequence coding are adopted to alternately excite the single-element transducer, so that the single-element transducer alternately transmits 2N ultrasonic signals to the eyes in the process of rotating and moving, and after ultrasonic echoes are received, filtered echoes on two adjacent scanning lines are superposed and multiplexed, thereby realizing that in the process of rotating and moving the single-element transducer, under the condition that only one ultrasonic wave is transmitted to each eye position, pulse compression of the ultrasonic echoes can be completed, and ultrasonic imaging is obtained. The technical problem that the pulse compression can be completed to obtain the echo scanning line only by transmitting ultrasonic waves twice at each eye position by the Golay complementary sequence is solved, the application of the Golay complementary sequence in ophthalmic imaging is realized, and the signal-to-noise ratio and the detection depth of an ophthalmic ultrasonic image are improved.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging method according to a second embodiment of the present invention, where the method is executed by an ophthalmic imaging apparatus, and includes the following steps:
s201, sequentially and alternately exciting the single-element transducer through a pair of Gray positive sequence codes and Gray negative sequence codes, enabling the single-element transducer to sequentially emit 2N ultrasonic signals to form 2N scanning lines, and enabling the 2N scanning lines to form a sector scanning area of the eye.
And S202, after each transmission is finished, amplifying and compensating the echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray positive sequence coding.
And S203, Gray positive code matching filtering is carried out on the processed echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray positive sequence coding.
And S204, after each transmission is finished, amplifying and compensating the echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray anti-sequence coding.
And S205, carrying out Gray inverse code matching filtering on the processed echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray inverse sequence coding.
And S206, inputting the filtered echoes on a group of two adjacent scanning lines into two buffers respectively at regular intervals according to a preset read-write control signal, wherein the buffers are first-in first-out buffers.
S207: and respectively reading the filtered echoes from the two buffers at regular intervals and superposing the echoes to form an echo scanning line.
And S208, obtaining fan-shaped ultrasonic imaging of the eyes according to the 2N-1 echo scanning lines.
The difference between this embodiment and an exemplary embodiment is that steps S202 to S207, and steps S201 and S208 refer to the related description of steps S101 and S104, which is not described herein again, and steps S202 to S207 are specifically as follows:
and S202, after each transmission is finished, amplifying and compensating the echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray positive sequence coding.
In the embodiment of the invention, after each transmission of the ophthalmologic imaging device is finished, the echo on each scanning line is received by the single-array original transducer, and the echoes are sequentially stored in the cache according to the time sequence. And then, the ophthalmic imaging device reads the echo in the buffer, and the echo on the scanning line excited by the gray positive sequence coding is input into the pre-coupler and the time gain amplifier to complete the amplification and compensation processing of the echo signal.
In an alternative embodiment, the amplified and compensated echoes can be converted from analog to digital using a high-speed ADC to perform a digital conversion of the signal.
And S203, Gray positive code matching filtering is carried out on the processed echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray positive sequence coding.
The ophthalmic imaging device performs gray positive code matched filtering on the processed echoes on the scan lines excited by the gray positive sequence encoding. Specifically, the gray positive code matched filtering is the same as the gray positive code matched filtering in step S102, and is not described herein again.
And S204, after each transmission is finished, amplifying and compensating the echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray anti-sequence coding.
In the embodiment of the invention, after each transmission of the ophthalmologic imaging device is finished, the echo on each scanning line is received by the single-array original transducer, and the echoes are sequentially stored in the cache according to the time sequence. And then, the ophthalmic imaging device reads the echo in the buffer memory, and the echo on the scanning line excited by the gray anti-sequence coding is input into the pre-coupler and the time gain amplifier to complete the amplification and compensation processing of the echo signal.
In an alternative embodiment, the amplified and compensated echoes can be converted from analog to digital signals using a high-speed ADC to perform a digital conversion of the signals.
And S205, carrying out Gray inverse code matching filtering on the processed echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray inverse sequence coding.
The ophthalmic imaging device performs gray anti-code matched filtering on the processed echoes on the scanning lines excited by the gray anti-sequence coding. Specifically, the gray code inverse matched filtering has the same manner as the gray code inverse matched filtering in step S102, and is not described herein again.
The signal-to-noise ratio of imaging can be further improved by amplifying and compensating the echo and then performing matched filtering.
And S206, inputting the filtered echoes on a group of two adjacent scanning lines into two buffers respectively at regular intervals according to a preset read-write control signal, wherein the buffers are first-in first-out buffers.
The ophthalmologic imaging device reads filtered echoes on a group of two adjacent scanning lines through a selector and inputs the echoes into two buffers at fixed intervals under the control of a preset read-write control signal, wherein the buffers are first-in first-out buffers. Referring to fig. 2, a group of two adjacent scan lines in the embodiment can be represented as X1Y1，Y1X2，X2Y2…XnYn。
Specifically, the ophthalmic imaging apparatus inputs the filtered echoes on a set of two adjacent scan lines into buffer 1 and buffer 2 every fixed period, for example: in the 1 st period, under the control of the preset read-write control signal, the selector reads the scanning line X1The filtered echoes of (1) are stored in a buffer 1, and a scanning line Y is read1The filtered echo is stored in a buffer 2; in the 2 nd period, under the control of the preset read-write control signal, the selector reads the scanning line Y1The filtered echoes of (1) are stored in a buffer (1) and read out and scannedTracing X2The filtered echo is stored in a buffer 2; and then, continuously storing the filtered echoes on all the adjacent scanning lines into two buffers under the action of the read-write control signals according to the mode.
Because the buffer is a first-in first-out buffer, the echo output by the buffer at every fixed period can be ensured to be filtered echoes on two adjacent scanning lines, and then the echoes are directly superposed to obtain an echo scanning line.
S207: and respectively reading the filtered echoes from the two buffers at regular intervals and superposing the echoes to form an echo scanning line.
And the ophthalmologic imaging equipment reads the filtered echoes from the two buffers respectively at regular intervals and superposes the echoes to form an echo scanning line. When the scanning lines are 2N in total, the obtained echo scanning lines are 2N-1.
In a preferred embodiment, the number of buffers is 4, buffer 1, buffer 2, buffer 3 and buffer 4 respectively. Referring to fig. 2, fig. 6 and fig. 7, fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart illustrating superposition of filtered echoes on two adjacent scan lines according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 7 is a timing chart of reading and writing of a buffer according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The numerical value of i represents that the current cycle is the ith cycle, the ith cycle is written into the filtered echo which represents that the echo is written into the buffer at present and is formed by the ultrasonic waves excited by the Gray positive sequence codes, and i is 0.. n; the value of j also indicates the current cycle, the j-th cycle writes the filtered echo on the scan line formed by the ultrasonic wave excited by the gray-inverse sequence coding and currently written into the buffer, and j is 0.
For example: when i is 1, i.e. the first period, under the control of a preset read-write control signal, the selector reads the filtered echo on the scan line X1 and stores the filtered echo in the buffer 1, and reads the filtered echo on the scan line Y1 and stores the filtered echo in the buffer 2 and the buffer 3; thereafter, in the first cycle, the scans are read out from the buffer 1 and the buffer 2, respectivelyFiltered echo and scan lines Y on line X11The filtered echoes are superposed to form an echo scanning line Z1. In the second period, the selector reads the scanning line X under the control of the preset read-write control signal2The filtered echoes of (1) are stored in a buffer 4 and a buffer 1; thereafter, in the second cycle, the scanning lines Y are read from the buffer 3 and the buffer 4, respectively1Filtered echo and scan lines X on2The filtered echoes are superposed to form a scanning line Z2. Finally, 2N-1 echoscan lines are formed in the manner described above. Compared with the implementation mode with only 2 buffers, the method can obtain 2N-1 echo scanning lines more quickly and obtain the eye ultrasonic imaging.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a graph comparing the results of the conventional single pulse reflection imaging method and the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging method according to the embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging background noise of the embodiment of the invention shown by the left picture is obviously reduced, the detection depth is also obviously improved, and some weak information is shown.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. The included units are used for executing steps in the embodiments corresponding to fig. 1 and fig. 5, and refer to the relevant description in the embodiments corresponding to fig. 1 and fig. 5. For convenience of explanation, only the portions related to the present embodiment are shown. Referring to fig. 9, the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging apparatus 3 includes:
the ultrasonic transmitting unit 31 is configured to sequentially and alternately excite the single-element transducers through a pair of gray positive sequence codes and gray negative sequence codes, so that the single-element transducers sequentially transmit 2N ultrasonic signals to form 2N scanning lines, and the 2N scanning lines form a sector scanning area of an eye;
the positive code matched filtering unit 32 is configured to receive the echo on each scan line through the single-element transducer after each transmission is finished, and perform gray positive code matched filtering on the echo on the scan line excited by the gray positive sequence coding;
the anti-code matching filtering unit 33 is configured to receive the echo on each scan line through the single-element transducer after each transmission is finished, and perform gray anti-code matching filtering on the echo on the scan line excited by the gray anti-sequence coding;
the superposition unit 34 is configured to superpose the filtered echoes on two adjacent scan lines to form 2N-1 echo scan lines;
and the imaging unit 35 is used for obtaining a fan-shaped eye ultrasonic image according to the 2N-1 echo scanning lines.
Optionally, the superimposing unit 34 includes:
the input control unit 341 is configured to input the filtered echoes on a group of two adjacent scan lines into two buffers respectively at regular intervals according to a preset read-write control signal, where the buffers are first-in first-out buffers;
and the output processing unit 342 is configured to read the filtered echoes from the two buffers at regular intervals and superimpose the echoes to form an echo scanning line.
Optionally, the positive code matching filter unit 32 and the negative code matching filter unit 33 both include:
a pre-coupling amplifying unit 321, configured to amplify and compensate an echo on a scan line excited by gray positive sequence encoding and an echo on a scan line excited by gray negative sequence encoding;
and a time gain compensation unit 322, configured to perform time gain compensation processing on the echo on the scan line excited by the gray positive sequence encoding and the echo on the scan line excited by the gray negative sequence encoding.
Optionally, the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging apparatus 3 further comprises:
an analog-to-digital conversion unit 36, configured to convert the processed echo on the scan line excited by the gray positive sequence code into a digitized signal, perform gray positive code matching filtering, convert the processed echo on the scan line excited by the gray inverse sequence code into a digitized signal, and perform gray inverse code matching filtering.
Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 10, the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging apparatus 4 of this embodiment includes: a processor 40, a memory 41 and a computer program 42, such as a 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging program, stored in said memory 41 and executable on said processor 40. The processor 40, when executing the computer program 42, implements the steps in the various 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging method embodiments described above, such as steps S101-S104 shown in fig. 1. Alternatively, the processor 40, when executing the computer program 42, implements the functions of the modules/units in the above-mentioned device embodiments, such as the functions of the units 31 to 35 shown in fig. 9.
Illustratively, the computer program 42 may be partitioned into one or more modules/units that are stored in the memory 41 and executed by the processor 40 to implement the present invention. The one or more modules/units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions for describing the execution of the computer program 42 in the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging apparatus 4. For example, the computer program 42 may be divided into an ultrasound transmitting unit, a positive code matching filter unit, an inverse code matching filter unit, a superposition unit, and an imaging unit, each unit functioning specifically as follows:
the ultrasonic wave transmitting unit is used for sequentially and alternately exciting the single-element transducer through a pair of Gray positive sequence codes and Gray negative sequence codes, so that the single-element transducer sequentially transmits 2N ultrasonic wave signals to form 2N scanning lines, and the 2N scanning lines form a sector scanning area of the eye;
the positive code matched filtering unit is used for receiving the echo on each scanning line through the single-array-element transducer after the transmission is finished each time, and carrying out Gray positive code matched filtering on the echo on the scanning line excited by Gray positive sequence coding;
the anti-code matching filtering unit is used for receiving the echo on each scanning line through the single-array-element transducer after the transmission is finished each time, and carrying out Gray anti-code matching filtering on the echo on the scanning line excited by Gray anti-sequence coding;
the superposition unit is used for superposing the filtered echoes on the two adjacent scanning lines to form 2N-1 echo scanning lines;
and the imaging unit is used for obtaining fan-shaped ultrasonic imaging of the eyes according to the 2N-1 echo scanning lines.
Optionally, the superimposing unit includes:
the input control unit is used for respectively inputting the filtered echoes on a group of two adjacent scanning lines into two buffers at regular intervals according to a preset read-write control signal, wherein the buffers are first-in first-out buffers;
and the output processing unit is used for reading the filtered echoes from the two buffers at regular intervals and superposing the echoes to form an echo scanning line.
Optionally, the positive code matching filter unit and the negative code matching filter unit both include:
the pre-coupling amplifying unit is used for amplifying and compensating the echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray positive sequence coding and the echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray negative sequence coding;
and the time gain compensation unit is used for carrying out time gain compensation processing on the echo on the scanning line excited by the gray positive sequence coding and the echo on the scanning line excited by the gray negative sequence coding.
Optionally, the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging apparatus further comprises:
and the analog-to-digital conversion unit is used for converting the processed echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray positive sequence code into a digital signal, then carrying out Gray positive code matched filtering, converting the processed echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray negative sequence code into a digital signal, and then carrying out Gray negative code matched filtering.
The 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging 4 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 40, a memory 41. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that fig. 10 is merely an example of the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging device 4 and does not constitute a limitation of the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging device 4 and may include more or fewer components than shown, or some components in combination, or different components, for example, the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging device 4 may also include an input-output device, a network access device, a bus, etc.
The Processor 40 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
The memory 41 may be an internal storage unit of the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging device 4, such as a hard disk or a memory of the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging device 4. The memory 41 may also be an external storage device of the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging device 4, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a flash Card (FlashCard), and the like, which are equipped on the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging device 4. Further, the memory 431 may also include both an internal storage unit and an external storage device of the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging device 4. The memory 41 is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging device. The memory 41 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-mentioned division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical applications, the above-mentioned function distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-mentioned functions. Each functional unit and module in the embodiments may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated in one unit, and the integrated unit may be implemented in a form of hardware, or in a form of software functional unit. In addition, specific names of the functional units and modules are only for convenience of distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present application. The specific working processes of the units and modules in the system may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and reference may be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments for parts that are not described or illustrated in a certain embodiment.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus/terminal device and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described embodiments of the apparatus/terminal device are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules or units is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated modules/units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as separate products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method embodiments may be implemented. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like. It should be noted that the computer readable medium may contain content that is subject to appropriate increase or decrease as required by legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, for example, in some jurisdictions, computer readable media does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals as is required by legislation and patent practice. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and variations of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the claims and the equivalent technology of the present invention if they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging method, comprising the steps of:
sequentially and alternately exciting the single-element transducer through a pair of Gray positive sequence codes and Gray negative sequence codes, so that the single-element transducer sequentially emits 2N ultrasonic signals to form 2N scanning lines, wherein the 2N scanning lines form a sector scanning area of the eye;
after each transmission is finished, the echo on each scanning line is received through the single-array-element transducer, Gray positive code matched filtering is carried out on the echo on the scanning line excited by Gray positive sequence coding, and Gray inverse code matched filtering is carried out on the echo on the scanning line excited by Gray inverse sequence coding;
overlapping the filtered echoes on two adjacent scanning lines to form 2N-1 echo scanning lines;
and obtaining the sector ultrasonic imaging of the eyes according to the 2N-1 echo scanning lines.
2. The 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging method of claim 1, wherein the step of superimposing the filtered echoes of two adjacent scan lines to form 2N-1 echo scan lines comprises the steps of:
inputting the filtered echoes on a group of two adjacent scanning lines into two buffers respectively at regular intervals according to a preset read-write control signal, wherein the buffers are first-in first-out buffers;
and respectively reading the filtered echoes from the two buffers at regular intervals and superposing the echoes to form an echo scanning line.
3. The 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging method according to claim 1, wherein after each transmission, the echo on each scan line is received by the single-element transducer, the echo on the scan line excited by the gray positive sequence coding is gray positive code matched filtered, and the echo on the scan line excited by the gray inverse sequence coding is gray inverse code matched filtered, comprising the steps of:
after each transmission is finished, the echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray positive sequence coding is amplified and compensated;
gray positive code matching filtering is carried out on the processed echo on the scanning line excited by Gray positive sequence coding;
after each emission is finished, the echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray anti-sequence coding is amplified and compensated;
and carrying out Gray inverse code matching filtering on the processed echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray inverse sequence coding.
4. The 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging method of claim 1, wherein:
the Gray positive sequence code is a 4-bit Gray positive sequence code, and the Gray negative sequence code is a 4-bit Gray negative sequence code.
5. A 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging device, comprising:
the ultrasonic wave transmitting unit is used for sequentially and alternately exciting the single-element transducer through a pair of Gray positive sequence codes and Gray negative sequence codes, so that the single-element transducer sequentially transmits 2N ultrasonic wave signals to form 2N scanning lines, and the 2N scanning lines form a sector scanning area of the eye;
the positive code matched filtering unit is used for receiving the echo on each scanning line through the single-array-element transducer after the transmission is finished each time, and carrying out Gray positive code matched filtering on the echo on the scanning line excited by Gray positive sequence coding;
the anti-code matching filtering unit is used for receiving the echo on each scanning line through the single-array-element transducer after the transmission is finished each time, and carrying out Gray anti-code matching filtering on the echo on the scanning line excited by Gray anti-sequence coding;
the superposition unit is used for superposing the filtered echoes on the two adjacent scanning lines to form 2N-1 echo scanning lines;
and the imaging unit is used for obtaining fan-shaped ultrasonic imaging of the eyes according to the 2N-1 echo scanning lines.
6. The 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging device of claim 5, wherein the superposition unit comprises:
the input control unit is used for respectively inputting the filtered echoes on a group of two adjacent scanning lines into two buffers at regular intervals according to a preset read-write control signal, wherein the buffers are first-in first-out buffers;
and the output processing unit is used for reading the filtered echoes from the two buffers at regular intervals and superposing the echoes to form an echo scanning line.
7. The 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasonic imaging device of claim 5, wherein the positive and negative code matched filter units each comprise:
the pre-coupling amplifying unit is used for amplifying and compensating the echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray positive sequence coding and the echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray negative sequence coding;
and the time gain compensation unit is used for carrying out time gain compensation processing on the echo on the scanning line excited by the gray positive sequence coding and the echo on the scanning line excited by the gray negative sequence coding.
8. The 20MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging device of claim 7, further comprising:
and the analog-to-digital conversion unit is used for converting the processed echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray positive sequence code into a digital signal, then carrying out Gray positive code matched filtering, converting the processed echo on the scanning line excited by the Gray negative sequence code into a digital signal, and then carrying out Gray negative code matched filtering.
9. A20 MHz ophthalmic ultrasound imaging device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in said memory and executable on said processor, characterized in that said processor realizes the steps of the method according to any of claims 1 to 4 when executing said computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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