CN110811659A - Time data processing method, device and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a time data processing method, a device and a system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a plurality of time data from a TDC in an MVT sampling circuit, wherein the time data are acquired by the MVT sampling circuit according to a preset voltage threshold value to acquire a pulse signal output by a PET detector; and compressing the acquired plurality of time data according to a preset compression mode, and transmitting the compressed plurality of time data to an external device, wherein the compressed plurality of time data comprises at least one uncompressed first time data and at least one compressed second time data with the length of only 2 bytes. Through the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the transmission rate of the time data acquired by the MVT sampling circuit can be improved, and the network transmission load can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of data processing technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, and a system for processing time data.
Background
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a nuclear medicine image diagnostic technique widely used in clinical practice, provides functional information such as metabolism of a living body by imaging a radioactive tracer injected into the living body, and plays an important role in clinical diagnosis, treatment effect evaluation, basic medical research and new drug development.
In the prior art, a Multi-Voltage Threshold (MVT) sampling circuit is generally used to digitally sample a pulse signal output by a detector in a PET system. MVT sampling circuits typically include a plurality of voltage comparators and corresponding Time-to-digital converters (TDCs). The voltage comparator is mainly used for comparing the amplitude of the pulse signal output by the detector with a preset voltage threshold, and when the amplitude of the pulse signal compared by the voltage comparator reaches the preset voltage threshold, the corresponding TDC records time information of a jump edge of the pulse signal to obtain voltage-time information of the pulse signal, so that digital sampling of the pulse signal is realized.
In practical applications, a large amount of pulse signals are generally acquired digitally by using an MVT sampling circuit and transmitted to a server in real time. If the time data collected by the MVT sampling circuit is directly transmitted to the server, the data transmission rate is likely to be affected and the network transmission load is likely to be increased due to the large amount of data.
Disclosure of Invention
An embodiment of the present application provides a method, an apparatus, and a system for processing time data, so as to solve at least one problem in the prior art.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a time data processing method, where the method may include:
acquiring a plurality of time data from a TDC in an MVT sampling circuit, wherein the time data are acquired by the MVT sampling circuit according to a preset voltage threshold value to acquire a pulse signal output by a PET detector;
compressing the acquired plurality of time data in a preset compression manner and transmitting the compressed plurality of time data to an external device,
the compressed plurality of time data comprises at least one uncompressed first time data and at least one compressed second time data with the length of only 2 bytes.
Optionally, compressing the acquired plurality of time data according to a preset compression manner includes:
determining the coding mode of each time data according to a preset compression ratio;
and sequentially coding the plurality of time data according to the sequence from small to large and by using the determined coding mode.
Optionally, determining the encoding mode of each time data according to the preset compression ratio includes:
determining the number of the first time data in the plurality of time data and the compression length of the remaining time data except the first time data according to the preset compression ratio;
selecting corresponding first time data from the plurality of time data according to the determined quantity of the first time data, determining the coding mode of the selected first time data as a first coding mode, and determining the coding mode of the residual time data as a second coding mode according to the determined compression length,
the first encoding mode represents that the original length of the time data is reserved, and the second encoding mode represents that the length of the time data is compressed.
Optionally, sequentially encoding the plurality of time data in the order from small to large and by using the determined encoding mode includes:
and according to the sequence of the time data from small to large, encoding the first time data by using the first encoding mode, and performing compression encoding on the residual time data by using the second encoding mode to obtain at least one second time data.
Optionally, the compression encoding of the remaining time data by using the second encoding method includes:
and compressing the length of the remaining time data into 2 bytes in sequence from small to large according to the numerical value, so that all the remaining time data are the second time data.
Optionally, the first time data is time data with a smallest value in a plurality of time data.
Optionally, one byte of the 2 bytes is used to store a difference between a coarse time of compressed one time data and a coarse time of another time data, the another time data being the first time data or the time data compressed immediately before the one time data, and the another byte of the 2 bytes is used to store a fine time of the one time data.
Optionally, the preset compression ratio is set according to a storage space of the external device, a current network transmission rate and/or a current network transmission bandwidth.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a time data processing apparatus, which may include:
an acquisition module configured to acquire a plurality of time data from a TDC in an MVT sampling circuit, the plurality of time data being obtained by the MVT sampling circuit acquiring a pulse signal output by a PET detector according to a preset voltage threshold;
a compression module configured to compress the acquired plurality of time data in a preset compression manner;
a transmission module configured to transmit the compressed plurality of time data to an external device,
the compressed plurality of time data comprises at least one uncompressed first time data and at least one compressed second time data with the length of only 2 bytes.
Optionally, the compression module comprises:
a determining unit configured to determine an encoding manner of each of the time data according to a preset compression ratio;
an encoding unit configured to sequentially encode the plurality of time data in order from small to large and with the determined encoding manner.
The embodiment of the application also provides a time data processing system, which comprises an MVT sampling circuit which can be integrated with the time data processing device and a server, wherein the server is used for processing and storing the data transmitted by the time data processing device.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the plurality of time data are acquired from the TDC in the MVT sampling circuit, the acquired time data are compressed according to the preset compression mode, and the compressed time data are transmitted to the external device, so that the transmission rate of the time data acquired by the MVT sampling circuit can be improved, and the network transmission load can be reduced.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a time data processing method provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a time data processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a time data processing system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only used for explaining a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application or the claims. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected/coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected/coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The term "connected/coupled" as used herein may include electrical and/or mechanical physical connections/couplings. The term "comprises/comprising" as used herein refers to the presence of features, steps or elements, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps or elements. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
It should be noted that, in the present application, the term "immediately" may denote an order in which two time data are successively subjected to an encoding operation, and there is no encoding operation for other time data between the encoding operations for the two time data.
In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", "third", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and to distinguish similar objects, and there is no order of precedence between the two, and no indication or implication of relative importance is to be inferred. In addition, in the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The following describes in detail a method, an apparatus, and a system for processing time data provided in an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a time data processing method, which may include the following steps:
s1: a plurality of time data is acquired from the TDC in the MVT sampling circuit.
The plurality of time data can be obtained by acquiring pulse signals output by the PET detector according to a preset voltage threshold value by an MVT sampling circuit, and the number of the pulse signals is generally large. The preset voltage threshold can be set according to actual requirements, and can be multiple. Furthermore, the number of time data collected for each pulse signal is generally a multiple of 2 times the number of preset voltage thresholdsAnd (4) relationship. In addition, the amount of time data acquired may be different for different target events. For example, for each pulse signal, there may be 4 temporal data for a single temporal event (i.e., an event that records temporal data using a temporal channel in the MVT sampling circuit), e.g., T0、T1、T2And T3Whereas for a single energy event (i.e., an event in which temporal data is recorded using an energy channel in an MVT sampling circuit), there may be 16 temporal data, e.g., T0～T15And the bit width of each time data may be 48 bits, wherein the upper 40 bits are coarse time and the lower 8 bits are fine time.
After the pulse signals output by the PET detector are digitally acquired by the MVT sampling circuit, the acquired time data corresponding to one or more preset voltage thresholds can be obtained from the TDC in the MVT sampling circuit.
S2: the acquired plurality of time data are compressed in a preset compression manner, and the compressed plurality of time data are transmitted to an external device.
The preset compression manner may include a preset compression ratio and a preset compression order. Wherein the preset compression ratio may indicate a degree of compression of the time data, which may be set according to a storage space of an external device (e.g., a server), a current network transmission rate and/or a current network transmission bandwidth, etc.; the preset compression order may include compressing the time data in order from small to large.
After the plurality of time data are acquired, the acquired plurality of time data may be compressed in a preset compression manner, so that the compressed plurality of time data may include at least one uncompressed first time data and at least one compressed second time data having a length of only 2 bytes, and of course, may also include time data having other lengths, and then the compressed plurality of time data may be transmitted to an external device.
The step may specifically include the following substeps:
s21: and determining the coding mode of each time data according to the preset compression ratio.
Specifically, the number of first time data in the plurality of time data and the compression length of remaining time data other than the first time data may be determined according to a preset compression ratio, then, according to the determined number of the first time data, corresponding first time data may be selected from the plurality of time data, and the encoding mode of the selected first time data is determined as a first encoding mode, and the encoding mode of the remaining time data is determined as a second encoding mode according to the determined compression length. The first encoding scheme may represent an original length of the retention time data, and the second encoding scheme may represent a compression of the length of the retention time data.
For example, for sequentially increasing time data T0～T3If the preset compression ratio is 1/2, it can be determined that only one time data (e.g., T) is required0) No compression is performed so that the encoding mode of the time data can be determined as the first encoding mode and the other three time data (e.g., T) can also be determined1～T3) Is compressed into 2 bytes, so that the encoding mode of the three time data can be determined to be the second encoding mode according to the determined byte number.
The first time data may be arbitrarily selected, and is preferably the time data having the smallest value among the plurality of time data.
S22: and sequentially coding the plurality of time data according to the sequence from small to large and by using the determined coding mode to obtain at least one second time data.
Specifically, according to the time sequence of the time data from small to large, the first time data and the remaining time data except the first time data are encoded by the first encoding method and the second encoding method, respectively, so that the second time data can be obtained, and time data with other lengths can also be obtained. That is, the remaining time data may be the second time data after being compressed, or may be time data of other lengths. In addition, the first time data may be subjected to non-compression encoding in order from the high byte to the low byte or in order from the low byte to the high byte. In addition, preferably, the length of the remaining time data may be compressed into 2 bytes in order of the numerical value from small to large, so that all the remaining time data may be the second time data.
For example, for sequentially increasing time data T0～T15Wherein, T2And T3For the first time data, T may be first encoded according to the second encoding mode0And T1Compression encoding is carried out, and then T is coded according to a first coding mode2And T3Performing non-compression encoding, and finally performing second encoding on T4To T15And performing compression coding.
With respect to the above 2 bytes, one of the bytes may be used to store a difference value between a coarse time of compressed one time data (i.e., time data before being compressed corresponding to the second time data) and a coarse time of another time data, which may be the first time data or the time data compressed immediately before the one time data, and another of the bytes may be used to store a fine time of the one time data. In addition, it should be noted that when the first time data is compressed in the order from the high byte to the low byte, the first byte of the 2 bytes can be used to store the difference between the coarse time and the fine time; and when the first time data is compressed in the order from the lower byte to the upper byte, the first byte of the 2 bytes may be used to store the fine time and the second byte may be used to store the difference between the coarse time.
In addition, for each time event or energy event, in the case where there is only one first time data and the remaining time data are all compressed into 2 bytes, the length of the byte occupied by it can be expressed as follows: l2 +6 n +2 m + L0Where n and m represent the number of first time data and remaining time data, respectively, L0Indicating reserved bytes, for time events, L0May be 0; for energyEvent, L0And may be 4 to facilitate decompression.
The specific implementation of this step is described below with specific examples.
For example, the MVT acquisition data may include T for a single temporal event and a single pulse signal0、T1、T2And T3The 4 time data, the compression mode of the 4 time data can be as shown in table 1 or table 2 below:
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
In tables 1 and 2, the first 2 bytes are used to store the event type (i.e., time event) and identification of channel information, and the remaining 12 bytes are used to store time data T0～T3. In Table 1, T is0It occupies 6 bytes from B2 to B7 as the first time data, and is encoded as follows: b2 ═ o _ data [47:40 ═ B _ data]，B3＝o_data[39:32]，B4＝o_data[31:24]，B5＝o_data[23:16]，B6＝o_data[15:8]，B7＝o_data[7:0]I.e. from high byte to low byte. In Table 2, T2It occupies 6 bytes from B6 to B11 as the first time data, and is encoded as follows: b6 ═ o _ data [47:40 ═ B _ data]，B7＝o_data[39:32]，B8＝o_data[31:24]，B9＝o_data[23:16]，B10＝o_data[15:8]，B11＝o_data[7:0]. In both tables, the remaining three time data are compressed and each time data occupies only 2 bytes after compression, where the first byte is used to store the difference in coarse time (i.e., C (T)i)-C(Ti-1) I is a positive integer, this value being a signed number); the second byte is used to store the fine time (i.e., F (T)i) Which is the value of the TDC output, without computation).
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, for a single time event and a single pulse signal, the compressed length is L2 +6+2 × 3-14 bytes, and for the case of no compression, the length is 26 bytes, and it is obvious that the compression method provided by the embodiment of the present application can reduce the data transmission amount, thereby improving the data transmission efficiency.
The MVT acquisition data may include T for a single energy event and a single pulse signal0～T15The compression mode of the 16 time data can be as shown in the following table 3:
TABLE 3
In Table 3, the first 2 bytes are also used to store the event type (i.e., energy event) and identification of channel information, and the next 36 bytes are used to store time data T0～T15And the last 4 bytes are reserved bits. Wherein, T0It occupies 6 bytes from B2 to B7 as the first time data, and is encoded as follows: b2 ═ o _ data [47:40 ═ B _ data]，B3＝o_data[39:32]，B4＝o_data[31:24]，B5＝o_data[23:16]，B6＝o_data[15:8]，B7＝o_data[7:0]I.e. from high byte to low byte. The remaining 15 time data are compressed and each time data takes up only 2 bytes after compression, wherein the first byte is used to store the difference in the coarse time (i.e., C (T)i)-C(T0) This value is a signed number); the second byte is used to store the fine time (i.e., F (T)i) Which is the value of the TDC output, without computation).
As can also be seen from table 3, for a single energy event and a single pulse signal, the length of the compressed signal is L2 +6+ 2+ 15+ 4-42 bytes, and for the case of no compression, the length of the compressed signal is 102 bytes, which is obvious that the data transmission amount can be reduced by using the compression method provided in the embodiment of the present application, and thus the data transmission efficiency can be improved.
S23: transmitting the compressed plurality of time data to an external device.
After the plurality of time data is compressed, it may be transmitted to an external device (e.g., a server) for subsequent processing thereof, which may include decompression, image reconstruction, and the like.
As for the decompression processing, it is possible to adopt a method corresponding to the compression processing; as for the image reconstruction processing, a method in the related art may be adopted, and will not be described herein redundantly.
As can be seen from the above description, in the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of time data are obtained from the TDC in the MVT sampling circuit; compressing the acquired plurality of time data in a preset compression manner and transmitting the compressed plurality of time data to the external device can achieve the purposes of improving the data transmission rate and reducing the network transmission load, and can also reduce the storage space of the external device.
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present application further provides a time data processing apparatus, where the time data processing apparatus may include:
an acquisition module 100, which may be configured to acquire a plurality of time data from a TDC in the MVT sampling circuit, the plurality of time data being obtained by the MVT sampling circuit acquiring the pulse signal output by the PET detector according to a preset voltage threshold;
a compression module 200, which may be configured to compress the acquired plurality of time data in a preset compression manner;
a transmission module 300 configured to transmit the compressed plurality of time data to an external device,
the compressed plurality of time data may include at least one uncompressed first time data and at least one compressed second time data having a length of only 2 bytes.
In at least one embodiment, the compression module 200 may include (not shown):
a determining unit configured to determine an encoding manner of each time data according to a preset compression ratio;
an encoding unit configured to sequentially encode the plurality of time data in the determined encoding manner and in a small-to-large order.
For a detailed description of the respective modules and units in the time processing device, reference may be made to the related description of the above method embodiments, which are not described in detail herein.
In addition, the time processing device can be independently arranged outside the MVT sampling circuit, and can also be integrated in the MVT sampling circuit and connected with the TDC therein.
By utilizing the time processing device provided by the embodiment of the application, the purposes of improving the data transmission rate and reducing the network transmission load can be realized, and the storage space of an external device can be reduced.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a temporal data processing system, as shown in fig. 3, where the temporal data processing system may include an MVT sampling circuit that may be integrated with the temporal data processing apparatus shown in fig. 2, and a server, and the server may be configured to process and store data transmitted by the temporal data processing apparatus.
The systems, devices, modules, units, etc. set forth in the above embodiments may be specifically implemented by computer chips, semiconductor chips and/or entities, or implemented by products with certain functions. For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various modules or units by function, respectively. Of course, the functions of the modules or units may be implemented in the same chip or chips when the present application is implemented.
Although the present application provides method steps as described in the above embodiments or flowcharts, additional or fewer steps may be included in the method, based on conventional or non-inventive efforts. In the case of steps where no necessary causal relationship exists logically, the order of execution of the steps is not limited to that provided by the embodiments of the present application.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments.
The embodiments described above are described in order to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the present application. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present application based on the disclosure of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method of temporal data processing, the method comprising the steps of:
acquiring a plurality of time data from a TDC in an MVT sampling circuit, wherein the time data are acquired by the MVT sampling circuit according to a preset voltage threshold value to acquire a pulse signal output by a PET detector;
compressing the acquired plurality of time data in a preset compression manner and transmitting the compressed plurality of time data to an external device,
the compressed plurality of time data comprises at least one uncompressed first time data and at least one compressed second time data with the length of only 2 bytes.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein compressing the acquired plurality of time data according to a preset compression manner comprises:
determining the coding mode of each time data according to a preset compression ratio;
and sequentially coding the plurality of time data according to the sequence from small to large and by using the determined coding mode.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining the encoding mode of each time datum according to a preset compression ratio comprises:
determining the number of the first time data in the plurality of time data and the compression length of the remaining time data except the first time data according to the preset compression ratio;
selecting corresponding first time data from the plurality of time data according to the determined quantity of the first time data, determining the coding mode of the selected first time data as a first coding mode, and determining the coding mode of the residual time data as a second coding mode according to the determined compression length,
the first encoding mode represents that the original length of the time data is reserved, and the second encoding mode represents that the length of the time data is compressed.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein sequentially encoding the plurality of time data in descending order and using the determined encoding mode comprises:
and according to the sequence of the time data from small to large, encoding the first time data by using the first encoding mode, and performing compression encoding on the residual time data by using the second encoding mode to obtain at least one second time data.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the compression encoding the remaining time data using the second encoding scheme comprises:
and compressing the length of the remaining time data into 2 bytes in sequence from small to large according to the numerical value, so that all the remaining time data are the second time data.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the first time data is a time data having a smallest value among the plurality of time data.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein one byte of the 2 bytes is used to store a difference between a coarse time of compressed one time data and a coarse time of another time data, the another time data being the first time data or the time data compressed immediately before the one time data, and another byte of the 2 bytes is used to store a fine time of the one time data.
8. The method according to any of claims 2-6, wherein the preset compression ratio is set according to a memory space of the external device, a current network transmission rate and/or a current network transmission bandwidth.
9. A time data processing apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus comprises:
an acquisition module configured to acquire a plurality of time data from a TDC in an MVT sampling circuit, the plurality of time data being obtained by the MVT sampling circuit acquiring a pulse signal output by a PET detector according to a preset voltage threshold;
a compression module configured to compress the acquired plurality of time data in a preset compression manner;
a transmission module configured to transmit the compressed plurality of time data to an external device,
the compressed plurality of time data comprises at least one uncompressed first time data and at least one compressed second time data with the length of only 2 bytes.
10. A temporal data processing system, characterized in that it comprises an MVT sampling circuit integrated with a temporal data processing device according to claim 8 or 9, and a server for processing and storing the data transmitted by said temporal data processing device.
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