CN110809532A - 用于电动车辆的电力的无线传输系统 - Google Patents

用于电动车辆的电力的无线传输系统 Download PDF

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CN110809532A
CN110809532A CN201780092653.9A CN201780092653A CN110809532A CN 110809532 A CN110809532 A CN 110809532A CN 201780092653 A CN201780092653 A CN 201780092653A CN 110809532 A CN110809532 A CN 110809532A
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wireless transmission
vehicle
data
transmission system
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穆希奇·萨利赫
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/38—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/38—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/39—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer with position-responsive activation of primary coils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种改进的系统向临时或永久位于指定用于电力传输的场地附近或在指定用于电力传输的场地中移动的消费者提供电力和数据的无线传输。消费者主要是电动道路车辆。本发明的改进系统使用谐振的但尺寸不同的线圈，该线圈以小间隔彼此平行定位。在车辆的尺寸允许的范围内，包含在车辆中的接收线圈具有比发射线圈大得多的长度和宽度。发射线圈以小于、等于或大于车辆长度的距离布置在车辆移动的路线中且布置在路面的中间。通过测量车辆的位置和移动，控制系统确定用于打开和关闭各个发射器的有利时刻，从而实现电力向车辆的驱动系统的有效传输。该系统改进了根据专利申请BAP132950A的先前发明。

Description

用于电动车辆的电力的无线传输系统
技术领域
1)相关申请数据
本发明涉及一种用于电力向位于指定用于电力传输的近场中或在指定用于电力传输的近场中移动的消费者的无线传输系统。
根据国际分类，本发明分类为：H02J 17/00。消费者是电动车辆中的电驱动器和系统、电梯以及生物和材料的其它运输装置的驱动器和系统、以及其它电气和电子系统。
背景技术
2)发明背景
电动驱动车辆的主要问题是，车辆电池中存储的能量的量以及充电的时间和地点限制了所需的功率范围。现有技术及其所有模型都显示出几个基本缺点：
A)短且有限的移动范围/半径，
B)不足的充电站数量，
C)在充电期间无法使用车辆，
D)使用接收线圈的位置和纹理标记的机械校正器的现有解决方案的低技术水平，
E)以小距离定位的大量的发射器，因此升高安装成本，
F)通过使用单个且单层线圈来传输的低利用度。
3)发明领域
使用发射和谐振电路的高频电能的无线传输早已为人所知。已知的系统使用相同的形状和尺寸，与输送线圈主体的长度相比相同或更大长度的接收主体，以及具有简单或螺旋形状的相同宽度的输送线圈和接收线圈。目前，有几种类型的用于电动驱动汽车的汽车电池充电器。第一类型是被电连接的：车辆在充电时停放很长时间，并且电缆插入到电源中。第二原理允许对车辆电池进行无线充电，但仅当其静止在发射器附近的精确位置时才可以。在申请号为BAP132950A的先前发明中提出了第三系统，其公开了一种使用多个发射器和一个细长接收线圈的解决方案。这些发射器以比接收线圈主体长度的长度更小的距离放置在行车道的中间。细长的接收线圈通过机械位置校正器从车辆的底侧紧固。通过使用行车道的表面上的纹理标记来进行系统的校准。
发明内容
4)发明概要
4.1本发明的技术创新增加了电动车辆的半径、能量传输效率和安全性，并且降低了系统对故障和外部影响的敏感性、道路系统的设备成本、车辆设备系统成本，并且简化了电动车辆的使用和控制。
4.2相对于现有技术，改进的无线传输系统通过增加车辆的移动半径以及更短的用于充电目的的间隔，通过多个发射器在更大距离上的使用和主体相对于主动式发射器表面拉伸和扩展的接收器引入技术新颖性，实现了车辆的有效电力电池补充。
4.3相对于现有技术，改进的无线电力传输系统通过使用螺旋形和其它类型的单层和多层线圈引入技术新颖性，从而使用简单的单层和螺旋形线圈提高了能量传输效率。
4.4相对于利用机械位置校正器的现有技术，改进的无线传输通过使用宽且长的螺旋形接收线圈引入了技术新颖性，实现了系统对故障和外部影响的敏感性的降低，且排除了机械位置校正器的使用。
4.5相对于利用大量密集布置的发射器的现有技术，改进的无线传输系统通过引入增大发射器之间的距离且由此减少其所需数目的技术新颖性，实现了交通系统的设备成本的降低。
4.6相对于利用电荷为电池充电的现有技术，根据本发明的改进的无线电力传输系统通过引入前面段落中的技术新颖性，实现了电动车辆的使用和控制的简化。
附图说明
8)附图简要说明
包括在说明书中并构成本发明说明书一部分的附图示出了用于发明的可能应用的方法之一，并且有助于解释本发明的基本原理。
图1示出了具有主体(1)和绕组(2)的单层发射线圈的基本形状。
图2示出了具有主体(3)和绕组(4)的本发明的单层接收线圈的基本形状。
图3示出了在车辆(5)位于道路(6)上的情况下，发射器(1)和接收线圈(3)的主体的原理布置。
具体实施方式
5)发明说明
下文将参考本发明的实施例的细节，由此通过附图示出一个示例。
5.1相对于现有技术，本发明的改进的无线传输系统利用了车辆内的单个接收线圈，其具有若干螺旋或其它绕组形式，且卷绕成单层或多层。该线圈安装在车辆底盘下方，因此在其表面与路面之间没有其它物体。
该线圈的表面，即该线圈的尺寸应在车辆的尺寸允许的情况下尽可能地大，从而尽可能多地覆盖车道的较大表面。
5.2关于该技术的使用了直接并排放置或以较短距离放置的大量发射器以实现接收线圈的连续覆盖的现有技术，改进的无线传输系统利用具有若干螺旋形或其它绕组形式的嵌入在道路中的大量发射线圈，其卷绕成单层或多层，并且间隔短于、等于或大于接收线圈的长度。因此，在某些情况下失去了根据先前专利BAP132950A实现的能量传输的连续性，但是通过发射器的更大功率和线圈的更好质量来补偿。
5.3当一个或多个发射线圈的大部分表面或整个表面被接收线圈的表面覆盖时，可以在任何时刻实现高利用度的能量传输。当发射线圈的一部分从接收线圈的“阴影”中出来的时刻，根据确定的经济性程度，发射器将中断能量的发射。
5.4接收器在车辆移动路径中的位置确定将由控制系统根据数据执行，其将以特定时间间隔打开和关闭某些发射器，从而实现高度的电力传输开发。
5.5得益于电力传输和集成电池的持续充电，车辆带着充电后的电池离开道路旁，这将极大地增加车辆在没有采用本类型电力传输的道路上的极限范围。
6)发明的可能应用的说明
本发明的改进的无线传输系统提供了一种相对于现有技术实用、耐用、成本高效且对损坏和故障较不敏感且有用的系统，其可以被经济地生产和使用，包括相对于先前已知系统的显著改进。
在不改变本发明的实质和范围的情况下，可以对本发明进行进一步的改进。
7)使用的标签和附图标记列表
1-接收线圈的主体
2-接收线圈的绕组
3-发射线圈的主体
4-发射线圈的绕组
5-电动车辆
6-行车道

Claims (9)

1.一种用于电动驱动车辆和系统在近场中移动时的改进的电力和数据的无线传输系统，使用接收谐振感应线圈和发射谐振感应线圈，其特征在于，所述接收感应线圈与车辆移动的路线和表面平行地定位在车辆的底侧中，关于车辆尺寸能力更宽且更长。
2.一种用于电动驱动车辆和系统在近场中移动时的改进的电力和数据的无线传输系统，其特征在于，所述接收线圈由单层或多层绕组制成为螺旋形或一些其它形式，被配置用于填充主体的最大可能表面或整个表面。
3.一种用于电动驱动车辆和系统在近场中移动时的改进的电力和数据的无线传输系统，其特征在于，平行于移动的路线，所述发射线圈以相对于所述接收线圈的宽度小得多宽度被布置在行车道的中间。
4.一种用于电动驱动车辆和系统在近场中移动时的改进的电力和数据的无线传输系统，其特征在于，平行于移动的路线，所述发射线圈以小于、等于或大于所述接收线圈的主体的长度的距离被布置在行车道的中间。
5.一种用于电动驱动车辆和系统在近场中移动时的改进的电力和数据的无线传输系统，其特征在于，所述接收线圈被定位成使得在车辆移动及最长可能时间间隔期间用其表面完全覆盖至少一个发射线圈的表面，将两个表面以最近可能距离平行布置。
6.一种用于电动驱动车辆和系统在近场中移动时的改进的电力和数据的无线传输系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括测量发射器与接收器之间的高频信号的功率，并且基于该数据能够精确确定接收线圈关于发射线圈的移动的位置、方向、角度和速度，并由此确定车辆移动的位置、方向、角度和速度。
7.一种用于电动驱动车辆和系统在近场中移动时的改进的电力和数据的无线传输系统，其特征在于，所述系统通过使用单层和多层螺旋形或一些其它线圈形状而提高能量的传输效率。。
8.一种用于电动驱动车辆和系统在近场中移动时的改进的电力和数据的无线传输系统，其特征在于，所述系统不包括所述接收线圈的机械载体和位置校正器。
9.一种用于电动驱动车辆和系统在近场中移动时的改进的电力和数据的无线传输系统，其特征在于，通过所述系统及其部件实现了一个或多个电动车辆的交通控制和同步。
CN201780092653.9A 2017-06-28 2017-09-08 用于电动车辆的电力的无线传输系统 Pending CN110809532A (zh)

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