CN110807538A - Power distribution network planning method considering permeability of electric vehicles in residential area - Google Patents

Power distribution network planning method considering permeability of electric vehicles in residential area Download PDF

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CN110807538A
CN110807538A CN201810795154.2A CN201810795154A CN110807538A CN 110807538 A CN110807538 A CN 110807538A CN 201810795154 A CN201810795154 A CN 201810795154A CN 110807538 A CN110807538 A CN 110807538A
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韩天轮
毛安家
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North China Electric Power University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for selecting a type of a transformer in a transformer substation in a transformer area in consideration of permeability of electric vehicles in the community. An economic optimal model for selecting the types and the number of transformers is established, and an optimal planning strategy meeting the operation reliability of the power grid is selected through cost comparison and technical condition constraint, so that the access requirement of the electric automobile and the economical efficiency of the operation of the power grid are met simultaneously, and application support is provided for reasonable planning of the power grid in different areas (mainly residential areas).

Description

Power distribution network planning method considering permeability of electric vehicles in residential area
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power grid planning based on electric automobile permeability, in particular to a power grid planning method considering influences of different permeabilities of electric automobiles on residential area power distribution capacity selection and transformer type selection, and belongs to a power grid planning technology and an economic power utilization technology.
Background
The capacity-to-load ratio reflects the reserve condition of the power grid capacity of the designated area. When the actual power grid is planned, a value range of the capacity-to-load ratio is generally determined according to an expected load and a voltage level of a certain area, and then the number and the capacity of the transformers are selected according to the load ratio, so as to further guide the type selection of the electrical equipment such as the transformers, and thus the planning is performed from top to bottom. However, in recent years, a large number of novel loads represented by electric vehicles gradually infiltrate into an urban power grid, and certain influence is brought to the operation of the power grid. Therefore, when the power grid is planned, the influence of the electric vehicle on links such as a capacity-to-load ratio value in the power grid planning is analyzed according to the load characteristics and the current development trend of the electric vehicle, so that the adaptability of the planning scheme to novel loads such as the electric vehicle is improved, the access requirement of the electric vehicle is better met, the planning adaptability is ensured, meanwhile, the economical efficiency of different planning schemes is compared, and reasonable planning is carried out by combining the actual conditions of different regions.
Disclosure of Invention
The method fully utilizes the capability of solving the nonlinear integer programming by the lingo software, and improves the rationality and the economy of power grid programming. On the basis of predicting the electric automobile permeability of a residential area, an economic optimal model is established, and a strategy and a capacity-to-load ratio optimization method for meeting the existing constraint in a transformer substation under different permeabilities to select the type of the transformer are provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A power distribution network planning method considering electric automobile permeability in residential areas comprises the following steps:
(1) and predicting the load according to the load data of the cell and the permeability of the electric automobile, and determining the transformation capacity required in the planning year of the transformer area.
(2) And (4) according to the load characteristics of the cell, accounting fixed costs of equipment purchase, station construction and the like which need to be considered when the power grid planning is carried out.
(3) And calculating the power supply network loss according to the position of the transformer substation and the model of the transformer, and further calculating the electric energy loss cost.
(4) And analyzing the operation requirements of the power system of the region where the transformer substation is located, and determining technical constraint conditions.
(5) And establishing an economic optimal planning model by taking the capacity-to-load ratio as a core and the minimum total cost as a target.
(6) And (4) integrating various planning schemes and model results to obtain an optimal equipment model selection strategy and an optimal capacity-to-load ratio value.
The specific method of the step (1) comprises the following steps: on the basis of load data used by traditional power grid planning, electric vehicle load is superposed, for a cell, the electric vehicle load can be represented by permeability, the permeability is represented by the proportion of the total number (vehicles) of electric vehicles in the cell to the total number (users) of the residents in the cell, and the formula is as follows;
Figure BDA0001735821100000021
the specific method of the step (2) is as follows: the fixed cost expenditure to be considered when the power grid is constructed after planning is mainly equipment cost and construction and maintenance cost. The equipment cost mainly refers to the raw material purchasing cost of the transformer substation, and can be divided into two parts, namely the purchasing cost Z of the construction materials of the transformer substation1And secondly, purchasing transformers of different models and related equipment. If planning is carried out in the existing transformer substation, the construction material cost of the transformer substation can be not considered, and only the equipment cost is considered. Second, the construction and maintenance cost Z2The method mainly refers to the construction cost of the transformer substation, including land cost, construction cost and the like, and also includes the maintenance cost of the transformer in a planning year and the maintenance cost under a fault condition. It is recommended that:
Z2＝Z1×15％ (2)
the specific method of the step (3) is as follows: since transformer losses are mainly related to the capacity of the transformer, there is also a non-linear relationship between load size and load factor. The electric energy loss of the transformer can be converted into economic quantity through the transmission and distribution charges, so that the electric energy loss is considered together with other costs. The active power loss VP and the reactive power loss VQ of the transformer can be calculated by:
Figure BDA0001735821100000022
wherein β is the load factor, P0No load loss; pKIs a load loss; q0For idle no-load loss, QkIs a reactive load loss. Further reactive power is generated by utilizing the reactive economic equivalent kThe loss cost and the active loss cost are converted into economic cost:
Z3＝e(ΔP+k'ΔQ)T (4)
in the formula: t is the time of the transformer operating service within the planning year; and e is the transmission and distribution price of the power grid.
The specific method of the step (4) is as follows: in order to ensure the reliability of the power grid and the operability of planning, a scheme is required to be optimally selected from available equipment, and N-1 constraint must be met, wherein the constraint conditions are specifically adopted as follows:
(Ni-1)Sj0≥Pi(5)
Sj0∈RT(6)
in the formula: i is the number of the different substations, NiThe number of transformers in a substation; piThe maximum active load of the transformer substation jurisdiction; si0The capacity of a single transformer of a transformer substation; rTIs a selectable set of transformer types.
The specific method of the step (5) is as follows: optimizing according to the total cost minimization principle, and taking technical conditions and usable transformer models as constraints to obtain the following models:
the target is as follows:
Figure BDA0001735821100000031
wherein, x is 1, 23 (7)
In the formula:the total investment cost of the substation is numbered for x in the planning scheme.
The inequality constraint requires: the transformer substations of all voltage classes meet the N-1 criterion, and the types of the transformers used by the transformer substations meet the purchasing standard.
The specific method of the step (6) is as follows: and (5) obtaining the minimum construction and operation cost according to the optimization model result in the step (5), determining the types and the number of the transformers of the transformer substations at each level in the planning scheme, obtaining the optimal capacity-to-load ratio value, and putting the value into the power grid planning optimization scheme.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: aiming at the influence of the electric automobile on the power grid planning, the power grid planning scheme is formulated according to the permeability of the electric automobile, the influence is quantized and introduced into the economic planning model, and the economy and the adaptability of the power grid planning are effectively improved on the basis of meeting the development requirement of the electric automobile and guaranteeing the reliability of the power grid operation.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the examples or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the load and the case.
A residential area with a 35kV transformer substation level is selected as a target, the residential area comprises three residential buildings, wherein two ordinary residential areas and one high-grade residential area are provided, the transformer levels of the three residential areas are all 10kV, and the power of an electric automobile charging pile is 3.5 kW. The permeability of the electric vehicles is expressed by the proportion of the total number (vehicles) of the electric vehicles in the cell to the total number (households) of the cell. In the calculation example, all cells adopt an S11 type transformer, and the rated capacities under the voltage levels of 10kV and 35kV are respectively 10 kV: 630. 800, 1000, 1250 and 1600 kVA. 35 kV: 2000. 3150, 5000, 6300 and 16000 kVA. The specific parameters of the 10kV transformer are shown in the following table:
Figure BDA0001735821100000041
the specific parameters of the 35kV transformer are shown in the following table:
the manufacturing cost of the transformer under each voltage class is as follows:
the average load coefficient of the transformer is 70%, the reactive economic equivalent is 0.1kW/kvar, and the operation hour T of the transformer is 8760 h. The transmission and distribution price is 1.5 yuan/degree. The proportion of the number of residents in the residential area and the electricity consumption rates of different residents are shown in the following table, and in the example, it is assumed that 750 residents exist in a common residential area A, 1200 residents exist in a common residential area B, and 450 residents exist in a high-grade residential area C. Further assume that the planned reserve life is 5 years and the average load growth rate is 10%.
The power factor of residential electrical load of a community is 0.85, the calculation load of a common community is 6 kW/household, the calculation load is 10 kW/household, and the demand coefficient is 0.6. The simultaneous rate of electrical loads in cells of different sizes is shown in the following table.
Figure BDA0001735821100000052
The transformer load factor requirements in the area are as follows:
Figure BDA0001735821100000053
considering the area and the construction cost of the transformer substation, the number of transformers in each transformer substation is not more than 4, and the optimal configuration of the transformers under different electric vehicle permeabilities is obtained by substituting different electric vehicle permeabilities into a lingo optimization model for simulation operation.
Figure BDA0001735821100000054
Further, according to the optimal type of the transformer, the optimal capacity-to-load ratio of different electric vehicle permeability rates can be obtained as follows.
Figure BDA0001735821100000061
Based on the results, the worker can determine a transformation capacity plan for the area.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A power distribution network planning method considering electric automobile permeability in residential areas is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) and predicting the load according to the load data of the cell and the permeability of the electric automobile, and determining the transformation capacity required in the planning year of the transformer area.
(2) And (4) according to the load characteristics of the cell, accounting fixed costs of equipment purchase, station construction and the like which need to be considered when the power grid planning is carried out.
(3) And calculating the power supply network loss according to the position of the transformer substation and the model of the transformer, and further calculating the electric energy loss cost.
(4) And analyzing the operation requirements of the power system of the region where the transformer substation is located, and determining technical constraint conditions.
(5) And establishing an economic optimal planning model by taking the capacity-to-load ratio as a core and the minimum total cost as a target.
(6) And (4) integrating various planning schemes and model results to obtain an optimal equipment model selection strategy and an optimal capacity-to-load ratio value.
2. The method for planning an electric distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific method of the step (1) comprises the following steps: on the basis of load data used by traditional power grid planning, electric vehicle loads are superposed, for a cell, the electric vehicle loads can be represented by permeability, and the permeability is represented by the proportion of the total number (vehicles) of electric vehicles in the cell to the total number (households) of the cell.
Figure FDA0001735821090000011
3. The method for planning an electric distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific method of the step (2) is as follows: the fixed cost expenditure to be considered when the power grid is constructed after planning is mainly equipment cost and construction and maintenance cost. The equipment cost mainly refers to the raw material purchasing cost of the transformer substation, and can be divided into two parts, namely the purchasing cost Z of the construction materials of the transformer substation1And secondly, purchasing transformers of different models and related equipment. If planning is carried out in the existing transformer substation, the construction material cost of the transformer substation can be not considered, and only the equipment cost is considered. Second, the construction and maintenance cost Z2The method mainly refers to the construction cost of the transformer substation, including land cost, construction cost and the like, and also includes the maintenance cost of the transformer in a planning year and the maintenance cost under a fault condition. It is recommended that:
Z2＝Z1×15％ (2)
4. the method for planning an electric distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific method of the step (3) is as follows: since transformer losses are mainly related to the capacity of the transformer, there is also a non-linear relationship between load size and load factor. The electric energy loss of the transformer can be converted into economic quantity through the transmission and distribution charges, so that the electric energy loss is considered together with other costs.
The active power loss VP and the reactive power loss VQ of the transformer can be calculated by:
Figure FDA0001735821090000012
wherein β is the load factor, P0No load loss; pKIs a load loss; q0For idle no-load loss, QkIs a reactive load loss.
And further converting the reactive loss cost and the active loss cost into economic cost by using the reactive economic equivalent k':
Z3＝e(ΔP+k'ΔQ)T (4)
in the formula: t is the time of the transformer operating service within the planning year; and e is the transmission and distribution price of the power grid.
5. The method for planning an electric distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific method of the step (4) is as follows: in order to ensure the reliability of the power grid and the operability of planning, a scheme is required to be optimally selected from available equipment, and N-1 constraint must be met, wherein the constraint conditions are specifically adopted as follows:
(Ni-1)Sj0≥Pi(5)
Sj0∈RT(6)
in the formula: i is the number of the different substations, NiThe number of transformers in a substation; piThe maximum active load of the transformer substation jurisdiction; si0The capacity of a single transformer of a transformer substation; rTIs a selectable set of transformer types.
6. The method for planning an electric distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific method of the step (5) is as follows: optimizing according to the total cost minimization principle, and taking technical conditions and usable transformer models as constraints to obtain the following models:
the target is as follows:
Figure FDA0001735821090000021
in the formula:
Figure FDA0001735821090000022
the total investment cost of the substation is numbered for x in the planning scheme.
The inequality constraint requires: the transformer substations of all voltage classes meet the N-1 criterion, and the types of the transformers used by the transformer substations meet the purchasing standard.
7. The integrated load prediction method considering an electric vehicle and a distributed power supply according to claim 1, wherein: the optimization model result of claim 6 obtains the minimum construction and operation cost, determines the types and numbers of transformers of each grade of transformer substation in the planning scheme, obtains the optimal value of the capacity-to-load ratio, and reduces the optimal value into the power grid planning optimization scheme.
CN201810795154.2A 2018-07-19 2018-07-19 Power distribution network planning method considering permeability of electric vehicles in residential area Pending CN110807538A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112086980A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-15 华南理工大学 Public distribution transformer constant volume type selection method and system considering charging pile access
WO2023004804A1 (en) * 2021-07-30 2023-02-02 西门子股份公司 Method and apparatus for optimizing operation of transformer substation

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112086980A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-15 华南理工大学 Public distribution transformer constant volume type selection method and system considering charging pile access
CN112086980B (en) * 2020-08-31 2022-03-29 华南理工大学 Public distribution transformer constant volume type selection method and system considering charging pile access
WO2023004804A1 (en) * 2021-07-30 2023-02-02 西门子股份公司 Method and apparatus for optimizing operation of transformer substation

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