CN110807243A - Transformer winding equivalent circuit model building method considering frequency-dependent parameters - Google Patents
Transformer winding equivalent circuit model building method considering frequency-dependent parameters Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of transformers, and discloses a transformer winding equivalent circuit model building method considering frequency-dependent parameters, which comprises the following steps: establishing an ANSYS simulation model, and respectively calculating mutual capacitance between in-phase high-voltage and low-voltage windings, capacitance between adjacent-phase high-voltage windings, winding-to-ground capacitance and longitudinal capacitance inductance in a fault-free state; firstly, establishing a three-dimensional simulation model of a transformer; performing electrostatic analysis on the capacitance value to obtain a corresponding capacitance value; establishing an ATP model of the winding equivalent circuit, and transversely comparing the model with a common model during model establishment; and (3) carrying out simulation analysis by a frequency sweep impedance method, and establishing and perfecting a transformer winding equivalent model suitable for frequency sweep impedance simulation. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the winding deformation test simulation based on the sweep frequency impedance is carried out by means of the established simulation circuit model, the typical parameters of the laboratory model can be obtained, and the correctness of the simulation model is verified by using the comparison and analysis result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transformers, in particular to a transformer winding equivalent circuit model building method considering frequency-dependent parameters.
Background
The transformer is one of important electrical equipment in a power system, and the safe operation of the transformer has great significance for ensuring the safety of a power grid. According to the statistics, the transformer winding is the main part of the accident damage of the transformer. The poor short-circuit resistance of the transformer winding is a main cause of the operational damage of the transformer. With the continuous increase of the capacity of a power grid, the gradual establishment of an extra-high voltage and extra-high voltage power system and the formation of complex systems such as high capacity, large area interconnection, west-east power transmission and the like are about to occur, and higher requirements are put forward on the safe operation and the power supply reliability of the power system. Particularly, with national networking of an ultrahigh voltage power transmission system, establishment of compact power transmission lines and adoption of an alternating-current flexible ultrahigh voltage power transmission system with static compensation or series compensation, the short-circuit current of the power transmission system reaches a high level, such as 63 kA. This requires that each transformer product be able to withstand the large electrodynamic and mechanical forces generated by the high short-circuit currents. With the increasing capacity of the power grid, the short-circuit capacity also increases, and the damage accidents of the transformer caused by short-circuit faults are on the rise.
The prior art lacks of researches on deformation detection of a transformer winding, so that the criteria of the sweep frequency impedance method on the deformation detection of the transformer winding are unclear, the accurate model parameters cannot be obtained depending on the current situation of personnel experience, and the study of the sweep frequency impedance diagnosis technology is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a frequency-dependent parameter-related transformer winding equivalent circuit model establishing method, which can be used for developing winding deformation test simulation based on a frequency sweep reactance group by means of an established simulation circuit model, obtaining transformer models in different forms and typical frequency sweep impedance test results in different deformation forms, providing a basis for the research of a frequency sweep impedance diagnosis technology, obtaining typical parameters of a laboratory model during simulation research, developing simulation research, and verifying the correctness of the simulation model by using a comparison analysis result so as to solve the problems in the background art.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides a transformer winding equivalent circuit model building method considering frequency-dependent parameters, which comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing an ANSYS simulation model, and calculating mutual capacitance between in-phase high-voltage and low-voltage windings, capacitance between adjacent-phase high-voltage windings, winding-to-ground capacitance and longitudinal capacitance inductance in a fault-free state;
s2: establishing a three-dimensional simulation model of the transformer, establishing a high-low voltage winding model in A, B phase, and establishing a high-voltage winding model in C phase;
s3: performing electrostatic analysis on the simulation model in the S2 to obtain a corresponding capacitance value;
s4: simplifying the simulation model into a single-phase two-dimensional axisymmetric condition to calculate the capacitance and the inductance;
s5: manufacturing corresponding defects for simulation on the basis of a three-dimensional simulation model of the transformer, and calculating parameters of capacitance and inductance when the winding condition is changed;
s6: establishing an ATP model of the winding equivalent circuit, and transversely comparing the model with a common model during model construction;
s7: and carrying out simulation analysis of the frequency sweep impedance method according to the simulation model of S6, developing winding deformation analysis, researching a frequency sweep impedance test means according to the deformation factor and the deformation form of the transformer winding, and establishing and perfecting a transformer winding equivalent model suitable for frequency sweep impedance simulation.
Further, the capacitance calculating step in S4 includes:
1) simplifying the model into single-phase two-dimensional axial symmetry;
2) dividing a high-voltage winding of a solid transformer with 50 cakes in total into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part along the axial direction, building five cakes of one part in detail during calculation, and obtaining the mutual capacitance among the cakes by calling a CMATRIX macro in ANSYS electrostatic analysis;
3) the total capacitance was determined as the average capacitance of each part by the series relationship.
Further, in S4, the inductance is calculated to create the desired winding in the three-dimensional model.
Further, the forms of the winding deformation in S5 include quincunx deformation, local bulging, winding displacement, cake collapse and inclination, turn-to-turn short circuit, and warping.
Further, the winding frequency in S6 is 0.5kHz-1 MHz.
Further, the common models in S6 include a classical model, an improved model, an RLC circuit model, and a multi-conductor transmission line model.
Further, the deformation factors of the transformer winding in S7 include the influence of the typical parameters of the transformer with different voltage levels, different winding forms and different phase numbers on the simulation model, the influence of the relevant accessories of the transformer on the simulation model, and the corresponding relationship between the deformation of the winding and the variation of the equivalent resistance, inductance and capacitance parameters.
Has the advantages that:
the method for establishing the transformer winding equivalent circuit model considering the frequency variation parameters comprises the steps of establishing the transformer winding equivalent circuit model, carrying out electrostatic analysis on the transformer winding equivalent circuit model, obtaining a corresponding capacitance value, analyzing the influence rule of the physical form of a winding on distribution parameters such as a winding RLC (radio link control), carrying out winding deformation test simulation based on frequency sweep impedance by means of the established simulation circuit model, obtaining transformer models in different forms and typical frequency sweep impedance test results in different deformation forms, and providing a basis for the research of a frequency sweep impedance diagnosis technology. Meanwhile, when simulation research is carried out, typical parameters of a laboratory model can be obtained, the simulation research is carried out, and the correctness of the simulation model is verified by using a comparison analysis result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional ANSYS simulation diagram of the transformer of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a model for calculating capacitance parameters of a transformer according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a model diagram of the transformer inductance parameter calculation according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a winding model for a lower frequency of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a winding model of the present invention at high frequency;
fig. 6 is a diagram of a winding model in consideration of electrostatic coupling according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A method for building equivalent circuit model of transformer winding with frequency variation parameters includes following steps:
step 1: according to parameters such as the actual size and material properties of the transformer provided by a transformer manufacturer, a proper ANSYS simulation model is established, parameters such as mutual capacitance between in-phase high-voltage and low-voltage windings, capacitance between adjacent-phase high-voltage windings, winding-to-ground capacitance and longitudinal capacitance inductance in a fault-free state are calculated respectively, and the change conditions of winding distribution parameters in fault conditions such as turn-to-turn short circuit, displacement, bending and warping are further researched.
Step 2: in order to determine specific capacitance parameters between windings and to the ground, a three-dimensional simulation model of the transformer needs to be established, a high-voltage winding model and a low-voltage winding model are established for the A, B phase, only a high-voltage winding model is established for the C phase to solve the mutual capacitance and the capacitance to the ground between the windings, ANSYS simulation is shown in figure 1, an outer rectangular body in the model is a simplified transformer shell, the middle part of the transformer shell is provided with an iron core and three-phase windings, and the iron core is grounded with the transformer shell.
And step 3: and (3) performing electrostatic analysis on the three-dimensional simulation model in the step (2), and calling a CMATRIX command in ANSYS software to obtain a corresponding capacitance value.
And 4, step 4: calculating capacitance and inductance;
1) and (3) capacitance calculation: the longitudinal capacitance of a single winding is only determined by the geometric dimension of the winding and the related material properties, and the model can be simplified into a single-phase two-dimensional axial symmetry condition for calculation.
Taking a high-voltage winding as an example (calculation methods of low-voltage windings are similar and are not described herein again), the high-voltage winding of the physical transformer has 50 cakes in total, the high-voltage winding can be divided into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part along the axial direction during simulation, 5 cakes of one part are established in detail during each calculation, the mutual capacitance between the cakes is obtained through calling of a CMATRIX macro in ANSYS electrostatic analysis, and then the total capacitance is obtained through a series connection relation and is used as the average capacitance of each part. Simulation graphs as shown in fig. 2, a1 in fig. 2 represents a low voltage winding, A8 represents transformer oil, a2 and A3-a7 represent high voltage segment windings, and the grounding of the core part and the transformer casing is reduced.
2) And (3) inductance calculation: the calculation of the winding inductance is simple, the required winding is only needed to be built in the three-dimensional model, the specific current, the number of turns, the size parameters and the like can be controlled according to the real constants of the control unit under the actual condition, and the simulation graph is as shown in figure 3.
And 5: when the winding condition changes, the capacitance and inductance parameters are calculated, and the winding deformation form mainly has the following conditions: quincunx deformation, local bulging, winding displacement, line cake collapse and inclination, turn-to-turn short circuit, warping and the like.
In order to research the change condition of the winding distribution parameters (inductance and capacitance) under the above conditions, a transformer three-dimensional simulation model is used as a basis to manufacture corresponding defects for simulation. The method aims to deeply understand the change condition of winding distribution parameters under different defect types and degrees, summarize the rule of the change condition and lay a foundation for ATP modeling analysis and experiments.
Step 6: and establishing an ATP model of the winding equivalent circuit, wherein the related frequency is 0.5kHz-1MHz, and the span of the frequency range is large. In the construction of the transformer winding model, the core and winding functions are mainly considered. The role of the core includes magnetizing inductance, parasitic capacitance due to the magnetizing inductance, and core loss. The effects of the windings include copper losses, leakage inductance and stray losses. The model is constructed by performing a transverse comparison with a common model, such as a classical model, an improved model, an RLC circuit model, a multi-conductor transmission line model, and the like. Two winding models are shown in fig. 4 and 5, taking into account the difference in core action at different frequency values.
The two models respectively take out a voltage value U (f) at the head end, the tail end is grounded, and a current value I (f) is obtained through a small resistor, so that a transfer impedance response function U (f)/I (f) can be obtained; considering the electrostatic coupling effect between windings, the winding model under high frequency is corrected to the form shown in fig. 6, so that the quantitative change conditions of the transfer impedance response function U (f)/I (f) and the short-circuit reactance under the action of a 0.5kHz-1MHz frequency sweep power supply and a 50Hz power frequency power supply can be respectively calculated and analyzed by adjusting the capacitance and inductance parameters in the circuit, the value under 50Hz is deduced by linearly fitting the transfer impedance response function low-frequency curve, the comparison and analysis are carried out on the value and the short-circuit reactance, and the theoretical system of the frequency sweep impedance method is established through the work.
And 7: the simulation analysis of the frequency sweep impedance method is carried out, winding deformation analysis is carried out according to the established simulation model, factors causing transformer winding deformation and winding deformation forms are discussed, and the characteristics of a frequency sweep impedance testing means are researched, so that a transformer winding equivalent model suitable for frequency sweep impedance simulation is established and perfected, and the following factors are mainly considered during the simulation analysis: influence of typical parameters of transformers with different voltage grades (110kV and above), different winding forms (three-turn-to-two-turn-to-self-coupling-to-three-turn-to-three-phase) and different phase numbers (single-phase and three-phase) on the simulation model.
The influence of transformer-related accessories, such as bushings, tap changers and other related factors, on the simulation model is considered.
In addition, on the basis of a normal transformer model, various typical winding deformation forms are simulated, and the corresponding relation between the winding deformation and the parameter changes of equivalent resistance, inductance and capacitance is discussed.
And developing the winding deformation test simulation based on the frequency sweep impedance by means of the established simulation circuit model, and considering the influence of various factors on the frequency sweep impedance test result, such as the influence of test lead arrangement on the frequency sweep impedance test result. The method comprises the steps of obtaining typical frequency sweep impedance test results of different forms of transformer models and different deformation forms, providing a foundation for research of frequency sweep impedance diagnosis technology, obtaining typical parameters of a laboratory model during simulation research, developing simulation research, and verifying the correctness of the simulation model by using comparison analysis results.
In summary, the method for establishing the equivalent circuit model of the transformer winding considering the frequency-dependent parameters, provided by the invention, comprises the steps of establishing the equivalent circuit model of the transformer winding, carrying out electrostatic analysis after the modeling is completed, calling a CMATRIX command in ANSYS software to obtain a corresponding capacitance value, analyzing the influence rule of the physical form of the winding on the distribution parameters such as the RLC (radio frequency control) of the winding, carrying out winding deformation test simulation based on frequency sweep impedance by virtue of the established simulation circuit model, obtaining the transformer model in different forms and typical frequency sweep impedance test results in different deformation forms, providing a basis for the research of the frequency sweep impedance diagnosis technology, obtaining typical parameters of a laboratory model during the simulation research, carrying out the simulation research, and verifying the correctness of the simulation model by using a comparative analysis result.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A transformer winding equivalent circuit model building method considering frequency-dependent parameters is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: establishing an ANSYS simulation model, and calculating mutual capacitance between in-phase high-voltage and low-voltage windings, capacitance between adjacent-phase high-voltage windings, winding-to-ground capacitance and longitudinal capacitance inductance in a fault-free state;
s2: establishing a three-dimensional simulation model of the transformer, establishing a high-low voltage winding model in A, B phase, and establishing a high-voltage winding model in C phase;
s3: performing electrostatic analysis on the simulation model in the S2 to obtain a corresponding capacitance value;
s4: simplifying the simulation model into a single-phase two-dimensional axisymmetric condition to calculate the capacitance and the inductance;
s5: manufacturing corresponding defects for simulation on the basis of a three-dimensional simulation model of the transformer, and calculating parameters of capacitance and inductance when the winding condition is changed;
s6: establishing an ATP model of the winding equivalent circuit, and transversely comparing the model with a common model during model construction;
s7: and carrying out simulation analysis of the frequency sweep impedance method according to the model of S6, developing winding deformation analysis, researching a frequency sweep impedance test means according to the deformation factor and the deformation form of the transformer winding, and establishing and perfecting a transformer winding equivalent model suitable for frequency sweep impedance simulation.
2. The method for modeling an equivalent circuit of a transformer winding considering frequency-dependent parameters according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the capacitance in S4 includes:
1) simplifying the model into single-phase two-dimensional axial symmetry;
2) dividing a high-voltage winding of a solid transformer with 50 cakes in total into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part along the axial direction, and building 5 cakes of one part during calculation to obtain the mutual capacitance between the cakes;
3) the total capacitance was determined as the average capacitance of each part by the series relationship.
3. The method for building the equivalent circuit model of the transformer winding considering the frequency-dependent parameters as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inductance is calculated in S4 as the required winding is built in the three-dimensional model.
4. The method for establishing the equivalent circuit model of the transformer winding considering the frequency-dependent parameters as claimed in claim 1, wherein the winding deformation in S5 includes quincunx deformation, local bulging, winding displacement, line cake collapse and inclination, inter-turn short circuit and warping.
5. The method for modeling an equivalent circuit of a transformer winding considering frequency-dependent parameters as claimed in claim 1, wherein the winding frequency in S6 is 0.5kHz-1 MHz.
6. The method for establishing the transformer winding equivalent circuit model considering the frequency-dependent parameters according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the common models in S6 comprise a classical model, an improved model, an RLC circuit model and a multi-conductor transmission line model.
7. The method for establishing the equivalent circuit model of the transformer winding considering the frequency-dependent parameters according to claim 1, wherein the deformation factors of the transformer winding in S7 include the influence of the typical parameters of the transformer with different voltage levels, different winding forms and different phase numbers on the simulation model, the influence of the related accessories of the transformer on the simulation model, and the corresponding relationship between the deformation of the winding and the variation of the parameters of the equivalent resistance, the inductance and the capacitance.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN111273199A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-06-12 | 国网四川省电力公司眉山供电公司 | Intelligent detection method for transformer winding deformation based on sweep frequency impedance curve identification |
| CN112287519A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-29 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Lightning stroke simulation model of three-phase transformer and construction method |
| CN112989600A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-06-18 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Model for rapidly calculating short-circuit resistance of transformer and establishment method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111273199A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-06-12 | 国网四川省电力公司眉山供电公司 | Intelligent detection method for transformer winding deformation based on sweep frequency impedance curve identification |
| CN112287519A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-29 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Lightning stroke simulation model of three-phase transformer and construction method |
| CN112287519B (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2024-03-22 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Lightning stroke simulation model of three-phase transformer and construction method |
| CN112989600A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-06-18 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Model for rapidly calculating short-circuit resistance of transformer and establishment method thereof |
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