CN110805918A - Device and method for blowing soot by using bypass flue gas - Google Patents

Device and method for blowing soot by using bypass flue gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110805918A
CN110805918A CN201910984877.1A CN201910984877A CN110805918A CN 110805918 A CN110805918 A CN 110805918A CN 201910984877 A CN201910984877 A CN 201910984877A CN 110805918 A CN110805918 A CN 110805918A
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China
Prior art keywords
flue gas
flue
bypass
temperature
low
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CN201910984877.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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朱良松
程礼彬
郑文广
刘朋
秦大川
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Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910984877.1A priority Critical patent/CN110805918A/en
Publication of CN110805918A publication Critical patent/CN110805918A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J3/00Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
    • F23J3/02Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for performing soot blowing by using bypass flue gas. The invention comprises a coal-fired boiler, a low-temperature economizer flue, a flue gas soot blower flue, an ammonia injection device flue and a catalyst grid flue, wherein the coal-fired boiler, the low-temperature economizer flue, the flue gas soot blower flue, the ammonia injection device flue and the catalyst grid flue are sequentially connected, and the structure is characterized in that: and a high-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out port and a low-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out port are arranged on the flue of the low-temperature economizer. This soot blower adopts the working medium to be the high temperature flue gas, and its source is furnace export high temperature flue gas bypass, can effectively clear away a large amount of deposition of denitration entry horizontal flue department, improves the flue gas temperature that the ammonia entry was spouted in the denitration simultaneously, improves the activity of denitration catalyst, is favorable to denitration entry flue gas temperature under the low-load to improve and the deNOx systems input the operation.

Description

Device and method for blowing soot by using bypass flue gas
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for performing soot blowing by using bypass flue gas.
Background
In recent years, because the ultra-low emission modification technology is implemented in a thermal power plant in a large quantity, the flue change from a hearth outlet to an inlet section of an air preheater is large, a part of the power plant has a long horizontal flue or the flue is unreasonably arranged, so that the ash accumulation of a denitration inlet flue section is serious, for example, the flue of a 600MW thermal power plant in Guizhou collapses due to the serious ash accumulation of the denitration inlet section, and the large adverse effect is caused in the power industry.
At present, the load rate of a thermal power generating unit is low due to general surplus of national electric power energy, the thermal power generating unit operates under low load for a long time, and the fire coal is high-sulfur, high-ash and low-calorific-value coal, so that the ash deposition of a horizontal flue at a denitration inlet is aggravated; meanwhile, the denitration inlet flue gas temperature under low load cannot reach the optimal catalyst operation temperature range, the catalyst efficiency is low or the catalyst is poisoned.
The traditional soot blowing device or system adopts high-temperature steam or compressed air as a working medium, belongs to interval soot blowing, and needs to be operated and controlled, wherein the steam soot blowing can cause the increase of the water content in flue gas and the reduction of the temperature of the flue gas; the compressed air soot blowing can lead to the increase of the oxygen content of the flue gas, the temperature of the flue gas is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the compressed air pressure is lower, and the soot blowing effect is poorer. In view of this, patent document No. 201720963730.0 discloses a furnace sootblower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the device and the method for blowing soot by using bypass flue gas, which have reasonable structural design.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: this utilize bypass flue gas to carry out device that blows grey, include coal fired boiler, low temperature economizer flue, flue gas soot blower flue, spout ammonia device flue and catalyst grid flue, coal fired boiler, low temperature economizer flue, flue gas soot blower flue, spout ammonia device flue and catalyst grid flue connect gradually, and its structural feature lies in: a high-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out port and a low-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out port are arranged on the flue of the low-temperature economizer, the device for blowing ash by using bypass flue gas also comprises a stop valve, a flue gas volume regulating valve, a booster fan, a flue gas soot blower, a low-temperature coal economizer, an ammonia spraying device, a flue gas bypass pipeline, a catalyst grid and a cold ash hopper, one end of the flue gas bypass pipeline is connected with the high-temperature bypass flue gas outlet, the other end of the flue gas bypass pipeline is connected with the flue of the flue gas soot blower, the ash cooling hopper is connected with the flue gas bypass pipeline, the stop valve, the flue gas quantity regulating valve and the booster fan are sequentially arranged in the flue gas bypass pipeline, the low-temperature economizer is arranged in a flue of the low-temperature economizer, the flue gas soot blower is arranged in a flue of the flue gas soot blower, the ammonia spraying device is arranged in a flue of the ammonia spraying device, and the catalyst grating is arranged in a flue of the catalyst grating. This soot blower adopts the working medium to be the high temperature flue gas, and its source is furnace export high temperature flue gas bypass, can effectively clear away a large amount of deposition of denitration entry horizontal flue department, improves the flue gas temperature that the ammonia entry was spouted in the denitration simultaneously, improves the activity of denitration catalyst, is favorable to denitration entry flue gas temperature under the low-load to improve and the deNOx systems input the operation.
Further, the flue gas soot blower comprises a nozzle which is arranged in a conical structure.
Further, the flue gas soot blower also comprises a hood, and the hood is installed on the nozzle.
Further, the number of the flue gas soot blowers is multiple, and the multiple flue gas soot blowers are arranged in a staggered mode.
Further, the number of the flue gas soot blowers is multiple, and the multiple flue gas soot blowers are arranged in an equal mode.
Further, the low-temperature economizer is positioned between the high-temperature bypass flue gas outlet and the low-temperature bypass flue gas outlet.
Furthermore, the number of the high-temperature bypass flue gas outlet and the low-temperature bypass flue gas outlet is multiple.
Further, the low-temperature economizer is arranged at a high-temperature bypass flue gas leading-out position, or the low-temperature economizer is arranged at a low-temperature bypass flue gas leading-out position, or the low-temperature economizer is arranged at a high-temperature bypass flue gas leading-out position and a low-temperature bypass flue gas leading-out position.
Further, the booster fan is a centrifugal fan or an axial fan.
Further, another technical object of the present invention is to provide a soot blowing method of a device for performing soot blowing using bypass flue gas.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A soot blowing method of a device for performing soot blowing by using bypass flue gas is characterized in that: the soot blowing method comprises the following steps: the flue gas enters the flue gas soot blower after being pressurized by the booster fan in the flue gas bypass pipeline, is sprayed by the flue gas soot blower and then is mixed with the flue gas in the flue of the low-temperature economizer, forms bottom-supporting flue gas at the bottom of the flue of the low-temperature economizer and is mixed with the flue gas in the flue of the low-temperature economizer in a violent disturbance mode, so that fly ash accumulation can be effectively prevented, the condition of uniform distribution of flue gas components is effectively improved, and the temperature of the flue gas is increased. In conclusion, a continuous disturbance layer can be formed in an ash deposition area by adopting the high-temperature flue gas bypass for soot blowing, so that the flue ash deposition is effectively removed, the overload collapse caused by excessive flue ash deposition is prevented, the flue gas temperature at a denitration inlet can be increased, the denitration catalyst efficiency is improved, the operation of a denitration system of a coal-fired unit under a low-load working condition is facilitated, and a new solution is provided for full-load denitration.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the problem that flue load exceeds standard due to accumulation of the fly ash of the horizontal flue at the denitration inlet under the working conditions of poor coal quality, high ash content and low load is solved.
(2) The problem of denitration entry flue gas temperature on the low side under the part unit low-load operating mode is solved, the regulation and control means of denitration flue gas entry temperature has been increased, can increase or reduce bypass flue gas volume according to actual operation condition and adjust denitration entry flue gas temperature.
(3) By-pass flue gas soot blowing is adopted, the distribution condition of flue gas in a flue is effectively improved, and the distribution of nitrogen oxides and oxygen in the flue is obviously improved by mixing the by-pass flue gas and the flue gas of an original flue.
(4) The flue gas soot blowing adjusting device can be continuously put into use for a long time, and the problems of intermittent input and large manual demand caused by adopting other working medium soot blowing are solved.
The invention introduces high-temperature or low-temperature bypass flue gas into the soot blower, and no external working medium is added into the flue gas for circulation, so that the invention has very wide prospect and generates very great economic benefit and environmental protection benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for sootblowing with bypass flue gas in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a staggered arrangement of multiple flue gas sootblowers according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a plurality of flue gas sootblowers equally arranged in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas sootblower of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is another schematic diagram of a flue gas sootblower of an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a coal-fired boiler 1, a stop valve 2, a flue gas quantity regulating door 3, a booster fan 4, a flue gas soot blower 5, a high-temperature bypass flue gas leading-out opening 6, an air cap 7, a low-temperature economizer 8, a low-temperature bypass flue gas leading-out opening 9, an ammonia injection device 10, a flue gas bypass pipeline 11, a catalyst grid 12, a cold ash bucket 13, a nozzle 14, a low-temperature economizer flue 15, a flue gas soot blower flue 16, an ammonia injection device flue 17 and a catalyst grid flue 18.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples are given.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, it should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings attached to the present specification are only used for matching the disclosure of the present specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical essence, and any modifications of the structures, changes of the ratio relationships, or adjustments of the sizes, should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the functions and the achievable objectives of the present invention. In the present specification, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" are used for clarity of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the relative positions may be changed or adjusted without substantial technical changes.
The device for blowing soot by using bypass flue gas in the embodiment comprises a coal-fired boiler 1, a stop valve 2, a flue gas amount adjusting door 3, a booster fan 4, a flue gas soot blower 5, a low-temperature economizer 8, an ammonia injection device 10, a flue gas bypass pipeline 11, a catalyst grid 12, a cold ash hopper 13, a low-temperature economizer flue 15, a flue gas soot blower flue 16, an ammonia injection device flue 17 and a catalyst grid flue 18.
In the embodiment, a coal-fired boiler 1, a low-temperature economizer flue 15, a flue gas soot blower flue 16, an ammonia injection device flue 17 and a catalyst grid flue 18 are sequentially connected, a high-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out port 6 and a low-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out port 9 are arranged on the low-temperature economizer flue 15, one end of a flue gas bypass pipeline 11 is connected with the high-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out port 6, the other end of the flue gas bypass pipeline 11 is connected with the flue gas soot blower flue 16, a cold ash hopper 13 is connected with the flue gas bypass pipeline 11, a stop valve 2, a flue gas amount adjusting door 3 and a booster fan 4 are sequentially arranged in the flue gas bypass pipeline 11, a low-temperature economizer 8 is arranged in the low-temperature economizer flue 15, a flue gas soot blower 5 is arranged in the flue gas soot blower flue 16, an ammonia injection device 10 is arranged in the ammonia injection device.
The flue gas sootblower 5 in this embodiment comprises a nozzle 14, the nozzle 14 being arranged in a conical configuration, or the flue gas sootblower 5 comprises a hood 7 and a nozzle 14, the hood 7 being mounted on the nozzle 14. The flue gas soot blower 5 can adopt a blast cap 7 for flue gas arrangement, can also adopt an upward conical nozzle 14 for flue gas arrangement, and can also adopt a mode that the blast cap 7 is combined with the nozzle 14 for flue gas mixing.
In this embodiment, the number of the flue gas soot blowers 5 is plural, the plural flue gas soot blowers 5 are arranged in a staggered manner, or the plural flue gas soot blowers 5 are equally arranged, and the booster fan 4 is a centrifugal fan or an axial flow fan.
In this embodiment, the number of the high-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out opening 6 and the number of the low-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out opening 9 are both multiple, and the low-temperature economizer 8 is located between the high-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out opening 6 and the low-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out opening 9, or the low-temperature economizer 8 is arranged at the high-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out opening 6, or the low-temperature economizer 8 is arranged at the low-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out opening 9, or the low-temperature economizer 8 is arranged at the high-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out opening 6 and the low-temperature bypass flue. The bypass flue gas leading-out point can be considered according to the actual situation of the coal-fired boiler 1 and is not limited to the positions of the low-temperature economizer 8, such as the front position, the rear position and the like.
The soot blowing method of the device for performing soot blowing by using bypass flue gas in the embodiment comprises the following steps: the flue gas enters the flue gas soot blower 5 after being pressurized by the booster fan 4 in the flue gas bypass pipeline 11, is sprayed out by the flue gas soot blower 5 and then is mixed with the flue gas in the low-temperature economizer flue 15, forms bottom-supporting flue gas at the bottom of the low-temperature economizer flue 15, and is mixed with the flue gas in the low-temperature economizer flue 15 in a violent disturbance mode, so that fly ash accumulation can be effectively prevented, the condition of uniform distribution of flue gas components is effectively improved, and the temperature of the flue gas is increased.
The bypass flue gas in the embodiment is led out from the position of a front-temperature bypass flue gas outlet 6 of a low-temperature coal economizer 8 at the tail part of a coal-fired boiler 1, passes through a stop valve 2, enters a gas bypass pipeline 11, passes through a flue gas quantity adjusting door 3, enters a booster fan 4, is boosted, enters a flue gas soot blower 5 arranged at the bottom of a flue gas soot blower flue 16, passes through a nozzle 14 or a hood 7, is uniformly mixed with the flue gas in the flue gas soot blower flue 16, and then enters an ammonia spraying device flue 17.
The bypass flue gas in the embodiment is led out from the front of the low-temperature economizer 8, but the bypass flue gas can be led out from multiple positions and can be adjusted according to actual conditions on site, such as the rear of the low-temperature economizer 8, the middle area of the economizer and the like.
The blast cap 7 and the nozzle 14 in the embodiment are combined, the nozzles 14 can be uniformly distributed on the circumference of the blast cap 7 by three to four, and meanwhile, according to the actual situation, the traditional blast cap 7 and the traditional conical upward nozzle 14 can also be adopted.
The working principle is as follows: bypass high-temperature or low-temperature flue gas is led out from a flue at the low-temperature economizer or the high-temperature economizer and used for the bottom of a horizontal flue at the inlet of a denitration flue, and enters an air cap for blowing dust after passing through a booster fan, so that dust deposition of the horizontal flue at the inlet of the SCR can be effectively prevented, and meanwhile, the flue gas at the inlet of the SCR and the uniformity of NOx can be adjusted.
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may be different in the components, the shapes of the components, the names of the components, and the like, and the above description is only an illustration of the structure of the present invention. Equivalent or simple changes in the structure, characteristics and principles of the invention are included in the protection scope of the patent. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an utilize bypass flue gas to carry out device that blows grey, includes coal fired boiler (1), low temperature economizer flue (15), flue gas soot blower flue (16), spouts ammonia device flue (17) and catalyst grid flue (18), coal fired boiler (1), low temperature economizer flue (15), flue gas soot blower flue (16), spout ammonia device flue (17) and catalyst grid flue (18) connect gradually its characterized in that: the device for blowing the dust by using the bypass flue gas comprises a low-temperature economizer flue (15), a high-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out port (6) and a low-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out port (9), and further comprises a stop valve (2), a flue gas amount adjusting door (3), a booster fan (4), a flue gas soot blower (5), a low-temperature economizer (8), an ammonia spraying device (10), a flue gas bypass pipeline (11), a catalyst grid (12) and a cold ash hopper (13), wherein one end of the flue gas bypass pipeline (11) is connected with the high-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out port (6), the other end of the flue gas bypass pipeline (11) is connected with a flue gas soot blower flue (16), the cold ash hopper (13) is connected with the flue gas bypass pipeline (11), and the stop valve (2), the flue gas amount adjusting door (3) and the booster fan (4) are sequentially installed in the flue gas bypass pipeline (11, the low-temperature economizer (8) is arranged in a low-temperature economizer flue (15), the flue gas soot blower (5) is arranged in a flue gas soot blower (16), the ammonia injection device (10) is arranged in an ammonia injection device flue (17), and the catalyst grating (12) is arranged in a catalyst grating flue (18).
2. The device for performing soot blowing by using bypass flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flue gas soot blower (5) comprises a nozzle (14), and the nozzle (14) is arranged in a conical structure.
3. The apparatus for performing soot blowing using bypass flue gas as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the flue gas soot blower (5) further comprises a hood (7), and the hood (7) is installed on the nozzle (14).
4. The device for performing soot blowing by using bypass flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of the flue gas soot blowers (5) is multiple, and the plurality of the flue gas soot blowers (5) are arranged in a staggered mode.
5. The device for performing soot blowing by using bypass flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of the flue gas soot blowers (5) is multiple, and the plurality of the flue gas soot blowers (5) are arranged equally.
6. The device for performing soot blowing by using bypass flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the low-temperature economizer (8) is positioned between the high-temperature bypass flue gas outlet (6) and the low-temperature bypass flue gas outlet (9).
7. The device for performing soot blowing by using bypass flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of the high-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out openings (6) and the number of the low-temperature bypass flue gas lead-out openings (9) are both multiple.
8. The device for performing soot blowing by using bypass flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the low-temperature economizer (8) is arranged at the high-temperature bypass flue gas leading-out opening (6), or the low-temperature economizer (8) is arranged at the low-temperature bypass flue gas leading-out opening (9), or the low-temperature economizer (8) is arranged at the high-temperature bypass flue gas leading-out opening (6) and the low-temperature bypass flue gas leading-out opening (9).
9. The device for performing soot blowing by using bypass flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the booster fan (4) is a centrifugal fan or an axial flow fan.
10. A soot blowing method of a device for performing soot blowing by using bypass flue gas according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the soot blowing method comprises the following steps: the flue gas enters the flue gas soot blower (5) after being pressurized by the booster fan (4) in the flue gas bypass pipeline (11), is sprayed out by the flue gas soot blower (5) and then is mixed with the flue gas in the low-temperature economizer flue (15), forms bottom-supporting flue gas at the bottom of the low-temperature economizer flue (15), and is mixed with the flue gas in the low-temperature economizer flue (15) in a violent disturbance mode, so that fly ash accumulation can be effectively prevented, the uniform distribution condition of flue gas components can be effectively improved, and the temperature of the flue gas can be increased.
CN201910984877.1A 2019-10-16 2019-10-16 Device and method for blowing soot by using bypass flue gas Pending CN110805918A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0753701A1 (en) * 1995-07-12 1997-01-15 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Boiler with denitrification apparatus
CN103759279A (en) * 2014-02-19 2014-04-30 国家电网公司 Soot blowing system of coal-fired boiler heating surface
CN105716100A (en) * 2016-03-31 2016-06-29 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 Denitrating coal economizer high-temperature bypass device
CN109442445A (en) * 2018-10-16 2019-03-08 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 A kind of novel soot blower system and its working method for station boiler horizontal flue
CN109458626A (en) * 2018-11-13 2019-03-12 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 A kind of rotation soot blower and its ash-blowing method improving denitration gas approach flow field uniformity
CN209295091U (en) * 2018-10-12 2019-08-23 山东恒涛节能环保有限公司 One kind being used for the external gas bypass economizer system of boiler SCR denitration
CN211424432U (en) * 2019-10-16 2020-09-04 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 Device for blowing soot by using bypass flue gas

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0753701A1 (en) * 1995-07-12 1997-01-15 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Boiler with denitrification apparatus
CN103759279A (en) * 2014-02-19 2014-04-30 国家电网公司 Soot blowing system of coal-fired boiler heating surface
CN105716100A (en) * 2016-03-31 2016-06-29 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 Denitrating coal economizer high-temperature bypass device
CN209295091U (en) * 2018-10-12 2019-08-23 山东恒涛节能环保有限公司 One kind being used for the external gas bypass economizer system of boiler SCR denitration
CN109442445A (en) * 2018-10-16 2019-03-08 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 A kind of novel soot blower system and its working method for station boiler horizontal flue
CN109458626A (en) * 2018-11-13 2019-03-12 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 A kind of rotation soot blower and its ash-blowing method improving denitration gas approach flow field uniformity
CN211424432U (en) * 2019-10-16 2020-09-04 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 Device for blowing soot by using bypass flue gas

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