CN110805512A

CN110805512A - Nozzle with torsional composite hole

Info

Publication number: CN110805512A
Application number: CN201810881612.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 隆武强; 肖鸽; 田华; 田江平; 崔靖晨
Original assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Current assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Priority date: 2018-08-05
Filing date: 2018-08-05
Publication date: 2020-02-18

Abstract

The invention provides a nozzle with a torsional composite hole, which comprises a nozzle body, wherein one or more spray holes are arranged on the nozzle body, at least 1 spray hole adopts a multi-hole intersection composite hole structure with a multi-hole as a sub-spray hole and a single-hole as an outlet of a disturbance area, at least one of the sub-spray hole and the outlet of the disturbance area of the torsional composite hole adopts a non-cylindrical structure, and the cross section of the torsional composite hole is twisted clockwise or anticlockwise by a certain angle along the axis of the spray hole. The invention adopts a multi-hole intersected torsional composite structure, and can form turbulent disturbance inside the spray hole to promote jet flow diffusion and mixing. If the spray is applied to a direct injection diesel engine, the spray particle size can be reduced by more than 25% under the same injection pressure, the thermal efficiency of the engine is improved by 3.5%, and the emission of particulate matters is reduced by 35%.

Description

Nozzle with torsional composite hole

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of liquid or gas substance spraying, in particular to a nozzle with a torsional composite hole.

Background

In different applications in various fields such as national defense and military, energy power, industrial production, agricultural irrigation, medical health and the like, the fluid injection technology is involved, and the fluid is injected by using equipment such as a nozzle, a spray head or an injector and the like under certain pressure so as to achieve respective purposes. As in the field of internal combustion engines, depending on the fuel used, it is necessary to inject a certain amount of liquid or gaseous fuel into the intake line or cylinder in a very short time using a pressure nozzle in order to achieve a rapid and thorough mixing and combustion of the fuel with air, the nozzle acting as a carrier for the injection being effected having a significant influence on the injection flow characteristics of the gaseous or liquid substance and thus on the combustion and emission characteristics of the internal combustion engine.

In fluid nozzles, it is generally necessary to provide orifices whose geometry and size have a significant influence on the injection behavior. The most used nozzle is a cylindrical nozzle, and there are also nozzles using tapered, diverging or laval tubes (tapered-diverging). In addition, the structure that 2 or more sub-jet holes are intersected and converged to form a composite jet hole is also provided.

Patent document CN101333993A discloses a cross-jet-hole type oil nozzle with a disturbance area, which adopts a composite structure that two sub-jet holes are crossed and converged and a disturbance area is arranged, so as to form strong internal flow disturbance and improve the atomization quality. However, the nozzle scheme is proposed based on mechanical drilling or electric spark machining process, the outlet shape is limited by the machining process, and the machining precision and consistency are not easy to guarantee. The torsion type composite hole provided by the scheme of the invention solves the problem of processing consistency, and has the advantage of strong turbulence in the cross hole spray holes; on the basis, the invention further provides a structure of adding the torsion type sub-spray holes or the disturbance area outlet holes, so that the disturbance effect can be further enhanced, and the spray crushing and mixing are promoted.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, a nozzle with a twisted composite hole is provided. The present invention enables more intense internal turbulence disturbances to be generated, further improving the ejection and mixing characteristics of the fluid. If the nozzle is applied to an internal combustion engine, the spray mixture forming and combustion performance of the engine can be further improved.

The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:

a nozzle with a torsional composite hole comprises a nozzle body, wherein one or more spray holes are formed in the nozzle body, at least 1 spray hole adopts a multi-hole intersection composite hole structure with a multi-hole inlet serving as a sub spray hole and a single hole outlet serving as a disturbance area outlet, at least one of the sub spray hole and the disturbance area outlet of the torsional composite hole adopts a non-cylindrical structure, and the cross section of the torsional composite hole is twisted by a certain angle clockwise or anticlockwise along the axis of the spray hole.

Further, the axial cross-sectional shapes of the sub-spray holes and the disturbance zone outlet of the composite hole are any one of a rectangle, a tapered type, a gradually expanding type, a tapered-gradually expanding type and a tapered-gradually contracting type.

Furthermore, at least one of the sub-orifice and the disturbance zone outlet of the composite hole has one of a narrow slit structure, a rounded rectangle structure, an oval structure, a diamond structure, an approximately double-rectangle structure, an approximately double-diamond structure and an 8-shaped structure in cross section.

Further, the cross-sectional area or the shape of the sub-spray hole and the disturbance area outlet of the torsional composite hole can be changed along the axial direction.

Furthermore, the front section of the outlet of the sub-spray hole or the disturbance area of the torsional composite hole is not twisted, and the rear section of the outlet of the sub-spray hole or the disturbance area of the torsional composite hole is twisted.

Furthermore, at least one of all sub-jet holes and outlets of the disturbance area of the torsional composite hole adopts a spiral jet hole, the spiral directions of the sub-jet holes are consistent when the sub-jet holes adopt spiral ducts, and the spiral direction can be clockwise or anticlockwise.

Furthermore, the nozzle adopts a processing method of die forming, so that the processing precision and consistency of the spray holes are ensured.

Further, the nozzle adopts a 3D printing rapid prototyping technology.

The invention is suitable for the field of liquid or gas injection by adopting various devices such as nozzles, spray heads or ejectors. The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the turbulent disturbance in the spray hole of the nozzle can be strengthened, better mixing and injection characteristics can be obtained, and the average diameter of spray particles can be reduced by 25 percent under the same injection pressure, the thermal efficiency of an engine is improved by 3.5 percent, and the emission of particulate matters is reduced by 35 percent if the nozzle is applied to a direct injection diesel engine.

For the reasons, the invention can be widely popularized in the technical field of liquid or gas substance injection.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a nozzle with a twisted composite hole (including a body and the twisted composite hole) according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a geometric structure of a twisted composite hole having 2 twisted elliptical sub-orifices and 1 elliptical disturbance zone outlet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a geometric structure of a twisted composite hole having 2 twisted narrow-slit sub-orifices and 1 narrow-slit disturbance zone outlet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a geometric structure of a twisted composite hole having 2 twisted round rectangular sub-orifices and 1 twisted variable cross-section disturbance area outlet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a geometric structure of a twisted composite hole having 2 twisted round rectangular sub-orifices and 1 twisted variable cross-section disturbance zone outlet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a geometric structure of a twisted composite hole having 2 twisted elliptical sub-orifices and 1 8-shaped perturbation zone outlet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a geometric structure of a twisted composite hole having 2 twisted 8-shaped sub-orifices and 1 8-shaped perturbation zone outlet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of a geometric structure of a twisted composite hole having 2 twisted dual-diamond sub-orifices and 1 dual-diamond disturbance zone outlet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic geometric diagram of a twisted composite hole having 2 sub-orifices (one of which is a twisted double-rectangular structure) and 1 variable cross-section disturbance area outlet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic geometric diagram of a twisted composite hole having 2 sub-orifices (one of which is a twisted variable cross-section structure) and 1 variable cross-section disturbance zone outlet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a geometry of a twisted composite hole having 2 sub-orifices (one of which is a partially twisted structure) and 1 perturbation zone outlet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic geometric diagram of a twisted composite hole having 4 sub-orifices (two of which are twisted structures and two of which are spiral track structures) and 1 perturbation region outlet according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. 5, 9, 15, 21, 25, 29, 33, 39, 45, 51, torsional composite holes; 2. 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 16, 17, 22, 23, 26, 27, 30, 31, 34, 40, 43, 47, 49, 52, 53, 54, 55, sub-orifices; 4. 8, 13, 19, 24, 32, 37, 44, 50, 56, disturbance zone outlet; 12. 18, 36, a disturbance zone outlet inlet; 14. 20, 38, a disturbance zone outlet; 41. a sub-orifice entrance; 42. a sub-orifice outlet; 46. a torsion section; 48. a non-twisted section.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. Any specific values in all examples shown and discussed herein are to be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the absence of any contrary indication, these directional terms are not intended to indicate and imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a nozzle with a twisted composite hole, which includes a nozzle body, wherein the nozzle body is provided with one or more spray holes, at least 1 spray hole adopts a multi-hole intersection composite hole structure in which a multi-hole is used as a sub-spray hole and a single-hole is used as an outlet of a disturbance area, at least one of the sub-spray hole and the outlet of the disturbance area of the twisted composite hole adopts a non-cylindrical structure, and the cross section of the twisted composite hole is twisted clockwise or counterclockwise by a certain angle along the axis of the spray hole.

The axial cross-sectional shapes of the sub spray holes of the composite hole and the outlet of the disturbance area are any one of rectangle, taper type, gradual expansion type, gradual reduction-gradual expansion type and gradual expansion-gradual reduction type.

At least one cross section of the sub-spray holes and the disturbance area outlet of the composite hole is in one of a narrow slit structure, a round corner rectangular structure, an oval structure, a diamond structure, an approximate double-rectangular structure, an approximate double-diamond structure and an 8-shaped structure.

The cross section area or the shape of the sub spray hole and the disturbance area outlet of the torsion type composite hole can be changed along the axial direction.

The front section of the outlet of the sub spray hole or the disturbance area of the torsion type composite hole is not twisted, and the rear section of the outlet of the torsion type composite hole is twisted.

At least one of all the sub spray holes and the disturbance area outlet of the torsion type composite hole adopts a spiral spray hole, the spiral directions of the sub spray holes are consistent when the sub spray holes adopt spiral pore channels, and the spiral direction can be clockwise or anticlockwise.

The nozzle adopts a processing method of die forming, and the processing precision and consistency of the spray holes are ensured.

The nozzle adopts a 3D printing rapid prototyping technology.

Example 1

The geometry of the torsional composite hole 1 is shown in fig. 2: the

sub spray holes

2 and 3 are in a torsional elliptical structure and rotate clockwise for 360 degrees along the axis; the outlet 4 of the disturbance area is of a cylindrical pore structure; the longitudinal sections of the sub-spray holes and the outlets of the disturbance areas are straight cylinder type.

Example 2

The geometry of the torsional composite hole 5 is shown in fig. 3: the

sub spray holes

6 and 7 are in a torsion type narrow-slit structure and are twisted clockwise for 360 degrees along the axis; the cross section of the outlet 8 of the disturbance area is in a narrow slit type; the longitudinal sections of the sub-jet holes and the outlets of the disturbance area are straight cylinder type; the narrow-slit structure is adopted, so that fan-shaped spray can be formed, the spray volume is increased, and mixing is promoted; and the sub-spray holes adopt a torsion structure, so that turbulence in the outlet of the disturbance area can be enhanced, and spray crushing is promoted.

Example 3

The geometry of the torsional composite hole 9 is shown in fig. 4: the

sub-spray holes

10 and 11 are in a torsional round-corner rectangular structure and are simultaneously twisted clockwise by 360 degrees; the outlet 13 of the disturbance area adopts a variable cross-section structure, the inlet 12 of the disturbance area is in a round-corner rectangle shape, and the outlet 14 of the disturbance area is in a narrow slit shape; the longitudinal sections of the sub-spray holes and the outlets of the disturbance areas are straight cylinder type. The fluid disturbance can be further promoted by adopting the variable cross-section structure on the basis of the torsion.

Example 4

The geometry of the torsional composite hole 15 is shown in fig. 5: the

sub-spray holes

16 and 17 are both in a torsional round-corner rectangular structure and are simultaneously twisted clockwise by 360 degrees; the outlet 19 of the disturbance area adopts a torsional variable cross-section structure, is twisted clockwise by 180 degrees, the inlet 18 is in a round corner rectangle shape, and the outlet 20 is in a narrow slit shape; the longitudinal sections of the sub-spray holes and the outlets of the disturbance areas are straight cylinder type.

Example 5

The geometry of the torsional composite hole 21 is shown in fig. 6: the 2 sub spray holes 22 and 23 are oval and are twisted clockwise by 360 degrees along the axis; the two elliptical sub-spray holes are converged to form a similar 8-shaped disturbance area outlet 24; the longitudinal sections of the sub-spray holes and the outlets of the disturbance areas are straight cylinder type.

Example 6

The geometry of the torsional composite hole 25 is shown in fig. 7: the 2 sub spray holes 26 and 27 are of 8-like structures, and are simultaneously twisted counterclockwise by 360 degrees, the longitudinal section of each sub spray hole 26 is gradually expanded and gradually contracted, and the longitudinal section of each sub spray hole 27 is gradually expanded and gradually contracted; the outlet of the disturbance area is of a structure similar to 8 characters, and the longitudinal section of the disturbance area is of a straight cylinder shape.

Example 7

The geometry of the twisted composite hole 29 is shown in fig. 8: the 2 sub spray holes 30 and 31 are of double-rhombus cross sections, the longitudinal section of each sub spray hole is gradually reduced and gradually enlarged, and the sub spray holes are clockwise twisted for 360 degrees; the cross section of the outlet 32 of the disturbance area adopts a double rhombus shape, and the longitudinal section is in a tapered shape.

Example 8

The geometry of the torsional composite hole 33 is shown in fig. 9: the cross section of the sub-jet hole 34 is double rectangular, the longitudinal section of the sub-jet hole adopts a tapered structure, and the sub-jet hole is twisted by 360 degrees anticlockwise; the cross section of the sub-spray hole is elliptical, and the longitudinal section of the sub-spray hole is gradually enlarged; the outlet 37 of the disturbance zone adopts a variable cross-section structure, the longitudinal section is in a gradually expanding shape, the inlet 36 is in a round-corner rectangle shape, and the outlet 38 is in a narrow slit shape; the adoption of this structure is favorable for forming a fan-shaped spray with strong turbulence.

Example 9

The geometry of the torsional composite hole 39 is shown in fig. 10: the sub-jet orifice 40 adopts a torsional variable cross-section structure, the inlet 41 is circular, the outlet 42 is narrow slit type, and the counter-clockwise torsion is 360 degrees; the sub-orifice 43 is a divergent circular orifice; the perturbation zone outlet 44 is of a diverging circular configuration.

Example 10

The geometry of the twisted composite hole 45 is shown in fig. 11: the cross section of the sub-jet hole 47 is elliptical, a partial torsion type structure is adopted, the longitudinal section of the non-torsion section 48 is in a tapered and gradually expanded shape, and the torsion section 46 is twisted clockwise for 360 degrees; sub-orifices 49 and disturbance zone outlets 50 are cylindrical in configuration.

Example 11

The geometry of the twisted composite hole 51 is shown in fig. 12: the sub-orifices 52 and 53 are in a twisted elliptical structure and are twisted counterclockwise by 360 degrees; the sub spray holes 54 and 55 are of spiral channel structures and adopt a counterclockwise spiral mode; the perturbation zone outlets 56 are cylindrical in configuration.

The above examples schematically describe the partial structural form of the twisted composite hole, and the longitudinal section shape, the cross-sectional shape, the twisting manner and angle, and the spiral shape of the hole channel of each seed spraying hole and the outlet of the perturbation zone can be combined arbitrarily.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nozzle with a torsional composite hole comprises a nozzle body, wherein one or more spray holes are formed in the nozzle body, and the nozzle is characterized in that at least 1 spray hole adopts a multi-hole intersection composite hole structure with a multi-hole serving as a sub-spray hole and a single hole serving as a disturbance area outlet, at least one of the sub-spray hole and the disturbance area outlet of the torsional composite hole adopts a non-cylindrical structure, and the cross section of the torsional composite hole is twisted clockwise or anticlockwise by a certain angle along the axis of the spray hole.

2. The twisted composite orifice nozzle of claim 1, wherein the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the sub-orifices and the perturbation zone outlets of the composite orifice is any one of rectangular, tapered, diverging, converging-diverging, and diverging-converging.

3. The twisted composite orifice nozzle of claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the sub-orifices of the composite orifice and the disturbance zone outlet has a cross-section of one of a narrow slit structure, a rounded rectangular structure, an elliptical structure, a diamond structure, an approximately double rectangular structure, an approximately double diamond structure, and an 8-shaped structure.

4. The twisted composite orifice nozzle of claim 3, wherein the cross-sectional area or shape of the sub-orifices, perturbation zone outlets of the twisted composite orifice is variable in the axial direction.

5. The twisted compound hole nozzle of claim 4, wherein the sub-orifices or perturbation regions of the twisted compound hole exit are untwisted in the front section and twisted in the rear section.

6. The twisted compound hole nozzle of claim 5, wherein at least one of the sub-orifices and the disturbance zone outlet of the twisted compound hole is a spiral orifice, and the spiral directions of the sub-orifices are consistent when all the sub-orifices adopt spiral channels, and the spiral direction can be clockwise or counterclockwise.

7. The nozzle with the torsional composite hole as in claim 1, wherein the nozzle adopts a die forming processing method to ensure the processing precision and consistency of the spray hole.

8. The twisted composite orifice nozzle of claim 1, wherein said nozzle is formed using 3D printing rapid prototyping techniques.