CN110803189A - Rail fracture detection device and detection method - Google Patents
Rail fracture detection device and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110803189A CN110803189A CN201910965735.0A CN201910965735A CN110803189A CN 110803189 A CN110803189 A CN 110803189A CN 201910965735 A CN201910965735 A CN 201910965735A CN 110803189 A CN110803189 A CN 110803189A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/08—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way
- B61K9/10—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way for detecting cracks in rails or welds thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rail fracture detection device and a rail fracture detection method, wherein the rail fracture detection device comprises a single chip microcomputer, a wireless communication module, a copper foil loop detection circuit, a server arranged in a control center, a self-checking circuit and a loudspeaker; the single chip microcomputer is respectively electrically connected with the wireless communication module, the copper foil loop detection circuit and the loudspeaker, the copper foil loop detection circuit is electrically connected with the copper foil loop, and the wireless communication module is wirelessly connected with the server; the self-checking circuit is electrically connected with the copper foil loop and the copper foil loop detection circuit respectively; the invention has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient installation, low cost and convenient maintenance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail detection, in particular to a rail fracture detection device and a rail fracture detection method which are simple in structure, convenient to install, low in cost and convenient to maintain.
Background
In railway transportation systems, rails serve to support a train and to guide the wheels of the train forward. If the steel rail is broken, serious traffic safety accidents such as derailment and overturn of a train can be caused, and loss of personnel and property is caused, so that the detection of the operation safety of the railway and the damage of the steel rail is very important.
Currently, the main steel rail detection modes include periodic flaw detection and real-time rail break monitoring. The periodic steel rail flaw detection comprises the following steps: manual hand-pushed flaw detection vehicle detection, large-sized steel rail flaw detection vehicle, flaw detection based on magnetic leakage signals, eddy current flaw detection, laser ultrasonic flaw detection, image recognition processing detection and the like; the real-time broken rail monitoring technology comprises a track circuit real-time broken rail detection technology, a traction backflow real-time broken rail detection technology, an optical fiber real-time broken rail detection technology, an ultrasonic real-time broken rail monitoring technology and the like.
The periodic detection technology is used for detecting the steel rail regularly, and detection periods and detection operation standards are set for different rails and different detection equipment at home and abroad. On the whole, the periodic detection equipment has high accuracy, can find the early cracks of the steel rail in time, and can avoid major traffic accidents; it takes up more skylight time.
The real-time rail break monitoring technology of traction reflux is difficult to realize in places with complex track circuits such as turnouts, guard rails and the like.
When the real-time rail break monitoring technology of the standard rail circuit is applied, the rail circuit is greatly influenced by the parameter condition of a track bed, and fault conditions such as short circuit between rails, false alarm of red light bands and the like often occur in areas with small leakage impedance of the track bed and abundant rainwater. The problems of increased complexity of a return system of the electrified section, complex circuit structure of an electric insulation track, high manufacturing cost, difficult maintenance and the like exist.
The optical fiber real-time broken rail monitoring technology is easy to break if an overlarge external force or bending occurs; when an obstacle, such as a rail joint, a level crossing, a turnout, etc., is encountered, the optical fiber needs to be cut off, and a short bridge is adopted to bypass a complicated part, so that the installation is very complicated.
By the ultrasonic real-time rail break monitoring technology, the detection effective signal information of a train can be influenced by severe continuous noise when the train passes through the monitoring technology. And the sensor has large volume and is difficult to install on turnouts and switch rails.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the real-time rail breakage monitoring method in the prior art is complex in structure, high in manufacturing cost, difficult to maintain and difficult to install at turnouts and guard rails, and provides a rail breakage detection device and a rail breakage detection method which are simple in structure, convenient to install, low in cost and convenient to maintain.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a rail fracture detection device comprises a single chip microcomputer, a wireless communication module, a copper foil loop detection circuit, a server arranged in a control center, a switching circuit and a loudspeaker; the single chip microcomputer is respectively electrically connected with the wireless communication module, the copper foil loop detection circuit and the loudspeaker, the copper foil loop detection circuit is electrically connected with the copper foil loop, and the wireless communication module is wirelessly connected with the server; the switching circuit is electrically connected with the copper foil loop and the copper foil loop detection circuit respectively;
the copper foil loop comprises two strip-shaped copper foils, the two strip-shaped copper foils are respectively positioned in the middle of the inner side surface and the outer side surface of one rail, the two strip-shaped copper foils extend along the length direction of the rail, and one ends of the two strip-shaped copper foils penetrate through the lower part of the rail and then are connected with each other; and the insulating layers and the copper foils are fixed with the rail by adhesive tapes attached to the outer surfaces of the strip copper foils.
The real-time rail breakage detection technology can monitor the steel rail in real time and discover the existence of rail breakage in the first time, so that the train can be warned in time and disasters can be avoided, and therefore the technology is more and more valued by people. The invention belongs to the technical field of real-time rail breakage detection, and adopts a specially-made adhesive tape 3MTMVHBTMAdhesive tape 4920, which is made of special insulating adhesive tape and is used for bonding the copper foil and the rail together to deform them; when the rail is broken or cracked, the conductive resistance of the material such as copper foil is changed.
Compared with sensors such as stress sheets, optical fibers, track circuits, ultrasonic waves and the like, the sensor has lower cost, reduces the construction difficulty, and is suitable for being installed at various positions of the rail.
Preferably, the switching circuit includes a relay K1, a relay K2, a diode D1, a diode D2, a transistor Q1, a transistor Q2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, and a resistor R8;
a 2 nd pin and a 5 th pin of the relay K1 are respectively and electrically connected with the anode and the cathode of a diode D1, the anode of a diode D1 is electrically connected with the collector of a triode Q1, the base of the triode Q1 is respectively and electrically connected with one end of a resistor R6 and one end of a resistor R5, and the other end of the resistor R6 and the emitter of the triode Q1 are both grounded; the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with a GPIO-JDQ1 pin of the singlechip.
Preferably, the 3 rd pin of the relay K1 is electrically connected to the 1 st pin of the relay K2, the 2 nd pin and the 5 th pin of the relay K2 are electrically connected to the anode and the cathode of the diode D2, the anode of the diode D2 is electrically connected to the collector of the transistor Q2, the base of the transistor Q2 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R7 and one end of the resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R7 and the emitter of the transistor Q2 are both grounded, the other end of the resistor R8 is electrically connected to the GPIO-JDQ2 of the single chip microcomputer, the 4 th pin of the relay K2 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the interface J1, and; the interface J1 is electrically connected with the other ends of the two strip-shaped copper foils.
Preferably, the copper foil loop detection circuit comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a slide rheostat RV1, a capacitor C2 and an amplifier LM 2904; one end of a resistor R3 is electrically connected with a resistor R1, an interface J1 is electrically connected with a pin 4 of a relay K1, the other end of the resistor R3 is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R4, one end of a slide rheostat, one end of a capacitor C2 and the non-inverting input end of an amplifier U1A respectively, the other end of the resistor R4, the other end of the slide rheostat, the other end of a middle tap and the other end of a capacitor C2 are all grounded, and the output end of the amplifier is electrically connected with an.
Preferably, the model of the singlechip is STM32L433CCT 6.
A detection method of a rail breakage detection device comprises the following steps:
the single chip microcomputer controls a relay switch K1 to be switched to a 13 end and a relay switch K2 to be switched to a 14 end by using pins GPIO _ JDQ1 and GPIO _ JDQ2, and after 2s of delay, an ADC pin of the single chip microcomputer acquires a voltage value of an AD-BAT detection interface;
when the voltage value of the AD-BAT detection interface is less than or equal to 2V, the self-detection is qualified; otherwise, the singlechip prompts a user to overhaul through a loudspeaker;
the singlechip controls the relay K1 to be switched to the 14 end and the relay K2 to be switched to the 13 end through the pins GPIO _ JDQ1 and GPIO _ JDQ2, and after 2s of delay, the ADC pin of the singlechip acquires the voltage value of the AD-BAT detection interface;
when the voltage value of the AD-BAT detection interface is larger than 2V, the copper foil loop is normal, and the rail is not broken;
when the voltage value of the AD-BAT detection interface is less than or equal to 2V, the fact that the copper foil loop is abnormal and the rail is possibly broken is shown, and the single chip microcomputer prompts a user to repair the rail as soon as possible through a loudspeaker; the singlechip sends the abnormal information of possible breakage of the rail to the server through the wireless network communication module.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the structure is simple, the installation is convenient, the cost is low, the maintenance is convenient, and the device is suitable for being installed at various positions of the rail.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a copper foil loop, a copper foil loop detection circuit and a switching circuit of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a singlechip 1, a wireless communication module 2, a copper foil loop 3, a copper foil loop detection circuit 4, a server 5, a switching circuit 6, a loudspeaker 7 and a strip-shaped copper foil 31.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
The embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2 is a rail fracture detection device, which comprises a single chip microcomputer 1, a wireless communication module 2, a copper foil loop 3, a copper foil loop detection circuit 4, a server 5 arranged in a control center, a switching circuit 6 and a loudspeaker 7; the single chip microcomputer is respectively electrically connected with the wireless communication module, the copper foil loop detection circuit and the loudspeaker, the copper foil loop detection circuit is electrically connected with the copper foil loop, and the wireless communication module is wirelessly connected with the server; the switching circuit is electrically connected with the copper foil loop and the copper foil loop detection circuit respectively;
the copper foil loop comprises two strip-shaped copper foils 31, the two strip-shaped copper foils are respectively positioned in the middle of the inner side surface and the outer side surface of one rail, the two strip-shaped copper foils extend along the length direction of the rail, and one ends of the two strip-shaped copper foils penetrate through the lower part of the rail and then are connected with each other; and the insulating layers and the copper foils are fixed with the rail by adhesive tapes attached to the outer surfaces of the strip copper foils.
The switching circuit comprises a relay K1, a relay K2, a diode D1, a diode D2, a triode Q1, a triode Q2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7 and a resistor R8;
a 2 nd pin and a 5 th pin of the relay K1 are respectively and electrically connected with the anode and the cathode of a diode D1, the anode of a diode D1 is electrically connected with the collector of a triode Q1, the base of the triode Q1 is respectively and electrically connected with one end of a resistor R6 and one end of a resistor R5, and the other end of the resistor R6 and the emitter of the triode Q1 are both grounded; the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with a GPIO-JDQ1 pin of the singlechip.
A 3 rd pin of a relay K1 is electrically connected with a 1 st pin of a relay K2, a 2 nd pin and a 5 th pin of a relay K2 are respectively electrically connected with an anode and a cathode of a diode D2, an anode of a diode D2 is electrically connected with a collector of a triode Q2, a base of the triode Q2 is respectively electrically connected with one ends of a resistor R7 and a resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R7 and an emitter of the triode Q2 are both grounded, the other end of the resistor R8 is electrically connected with a GPIO-JDQ2 of the singlechip, a 4 th pin of a relay K2 is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively electrically connected with one end of a resistor R2 and an interface J1, and the; the interface J1 is electrically connected with the other ends of the two strip-shaped copper foils.
The copper foil loop detection circuit comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a slide rheostat RV1, a capacitor C2 and an amplifier LM 2904; one end of a resistor R3 is electrically connected with a resistor R1, an interface J1 is electrically connected with a pin 4 of a relay K1, the other end of the resistor R3 is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R4, one end of a slide rheostat, one end of a capacitor C2 and the non-inverting input end of an amplifier U1A respectively, the other end of the resistor R4, the other end of the slide rheostat, the other end of a middle tap and the other end of a capacitor C2 are all grounded, and the output end of the amplifier is electrically connected with an. The model of the singlechip is STM32L433CCT 6.
A detection method of a rail breakage detection device comprises the following steps:
the single chip microcomputer controls a relay switch K1 to be switched to a 13 end and a relay switch K2 to be switched to a 14 end by using pins GPIO _ JDQ1 and GPIO _ JDQ2, and after 2s of delay, an ADC pin of the single chip microcomputer acquires a voltage value of an AD-BAT detection interface;
when the voltage value of the AD-BAT detection interface is less than or equal to 2V, the self-detection is qualified; otherwise, the singlechip prompts a user to overhaul through a loudspeaker;
the singlechip controls the relay K1 to be switched to the 14 end and the relay K2 to be switched to the 13 end through the pins GPIO _ JDQ1 and GPIO _ JDQ2, and after 2s of delay, the ADC pin of the singlechip acquires the voltage value of the AD-BAT detection interface;
when the voltage value of the AD-BAT detection interface is larger than 2V, the copper foil loop is normal, and the rail is not broken;
when the voltage value of the AD-BAT detection interface is less than or equal to 2V, the fact that the copper foil loop is abnormal and the rail is possibly broken is shown, and the single chip microcomputer prompts a user to repair the rail as soon as possible through a loudspeaker; the singlechip sends the abnormal information of possible breakage of the rail to the server through the wireless network communication module.
Through tests, when the fracture width of the copper foil with the width of 8mm is about 1.5mm, the rail is fractured; when the width of a copper foil fracture with the width of 13mm is about 2.5mm, the rail is fractured; when the width of the copper foil fracture with the width of 18mm is about 3.4mm, the rail is fractured.
It should be understood that this example is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A rail fracture detection device is characterized by comprising a single chip microcomputer (1), a wireless communication module (2), a copper foil loop (3), a copper foil loop detection circuit (4), a server (5) arranged in a control center, a switching circuit (6) and a loudspeaker (7); the single chip microcomputer is respectively connected with the wireless communication module, the copper foil loop detection circuit and the loudspeaker, the copper foil loop detection circuit is electrically connected with the copper foil loop, and the wireless communication module is wirelessly connected with the server; the switching circuit is electrically connected with the copper foil loop and the copper foil loop detection circuit respectively;
the copper foil loop comprises two strip-shaped copper foils (31), the two strip-shaped copper foils are respectively positioned in the middle of the inner side surface and the outer side surface of one rail, the two strip-shaped copper foils extend along the length direction of the rail, and one ends of the two strip-shaped copper foils penetrate through the lower part of the rail and then are connected with each other; and the insulating layers and the copper foils are fixed with the rail by adhesive tapes attached to the outer surfaces of the strip copper foils.
2. A rail break detection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the switching circuit comprises relay K1, relay K2, diode D1, diode D2, transistor Q1, transistor Q2, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R5, resistor R6, resistor R7 and resistor R8;
a 2 nd pin and a 5 th pin of the relay K1 are respectively and electrically connected with the anode and the cathode of a diode D1, the anode of a diode D1 is electrically connected with the collector of a triode Q1, the base of the triode Q1 is respectively and electrically connected with one end of a resistor R6 and one end of a resistor R5, and the other end of the resistor R6 and the emitter of the triode Q1 are both grounded; the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with a GPIO-JDQ1 pin of the singlechip.
3. The device as claimed in claim 2, wherein pin 3 of the relay K1 is electrically connected to pin 1 of the relay K2, pins 2 and 5 of the relay K2 are electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the diode D2, the positive electrode of the diode D2 is electrically connected to the collector of the transistor Q2, the base of the transistor Q2 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R7 and the resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R7 and the emitter of the transistor Q2 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R8 is electrically connected to the GPIO-JDQ2 of the single chip microcomputer, pin 4 of the relay K2 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the interface J1, and the other end of the resistor R2 is grounded; the interface J1 is electrically connected with the other ends of the two strip-shaped copper foils.
4. A rail break detecting device according to claim 3, wherein the copper foil loop detecting circuit comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a slide rheostat RV1, a capacitor C2 and an amplifier LM 2904; one end of a resistor R3 is electrically connected with a resistor R1, an interface J1 is electrically connected with a pin 4 of a relay K1, the other end of the resistor R3 is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R4, one end of a slide rheostat, one end of a capacitor C2 and the non-inverting input end of an amplifier U1A respectively, the other end of the resistor R4, the other end of the slide rheostat, the other end of a middle tap and the other end of a capacitor C2 are all grounded, and the output end of the amplifier is electrically connected with an.
5. A rail break detection apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the single chip microcomputer is of the type STM32L433CCT 6.
6. A method of detecting a rail break detection apparatus according to claim 5, comprising the steps of:
the single chip microcomputer controls a relay switch K1 to be switched to a 13 end and a relay switch K2 to be switched to a 14 end by using pins GPIO _ JDQ1 and GPIO _ JDQ2, and after 2s of delay, an ADC pin of the single chip microcomputer acquires a voltage value of an AD-BAT detection interface;
when the voltage value of the AD-BAT detection interface is less than or equal to 2V, the self-detection is qualified; otherwise, the singlechip prompts a user to overhaul through a loudspeaker;
the singlechip controls the relay K1 to be switched to the 14 end and the relay K2 to be switched to the 13 end through the pins GPIO _ JDQ1 and GPIO _ JDQ2, and after 2s of delay, the ADC pin of the singlechip acquires the voltage value of the AD-BAT detection interface;
when the voltage value of the AD-BAT detection interface is larger than 2V, the copper foil loop is normal, and the rail is not broken;
when the voltage value of the AD-BAT detection interface is less than or equal to 2V, the fact that the copper foil loop is abnormal and the rail is possibly broken is shown, and the single chip microcomputer prompts a user to repair the rail as soon as possible through a loudspeaker; the singlechip sends the abnormal information of possible breakage of the rail to the server through the wireless network communication module.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910965735.0A CN110803189B (en) | 2019-10-11 | 2019-10-11 | Rail fracture detection device and detection method |
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| CN201910965735.0A CN110803189B (en) | 2019-10-11 | 2019-10-11 | Rail fracture detection device and detection method |
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| CN110803189B CN110803189B (en) | 2020-10-09 |
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Cited By (1)
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Address after: 310013 5 floor, 10 building, 30 Wan Tang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang. Patentee after: Gaoxing Chuanglian Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 310013 5 floor, 10 building, 30 Wan Tang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang. Patentee before: GOSUNCN CHUANGLIAN TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |