CN110797876A - Voltage sag comprehensive control method - Google Patents

Voltage sag comprehensive control method Download PDF

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CN110797876A
CN110797876A CN201911032183.4A CN201911032183A CN110797876A CN 110797876 A CN110797876 A CN 110797876A CN 201911032183 A CN201911032183 A CN 201911032183A CN 110797876 A CN110797876 A CN 110797876A
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cost
dvr
sag
equipment
voltage sag
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张逸
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Zhongcheng Kaiyuan Electric Technology Chengdu Co Ltd
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Zhongcheng Kaiyuan Electric Technology Chengdu Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202010399435.3A priority patent/CN111404166B/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of power system fault management, and particularly relates to a voltage sag comprehensive control method which comprises the steps of collecting initial data of a modern industrial park; the comprehensive voltage sag prevention and control measure is provided, the cost of various voltage sag control devices on a user side is modeled, the control cost of a power transmission and distribution line on a power grid side is modeled, the annual sag times of the power transmission and distribution line caused by the implementation of the comprehensive voltage sag prevention and control measure are modeled, the economic loss caused by voltage sag before and after the implementation of the comprehensive voltage sag prevention and control measure is quantitatively modeled, an objective function and constraint conditions of a maximum net present value model of the benefit of the comprehensive voltage sag prevention and control measure are determined, the objective function is optimized and solved by using a particle swarm algorithm, the device configuration condition of the comprehensive prevention and control measure can be obtained quantitatively, the device configuration condition comprises the device, the installation position of the device and the parameters of the device, and the device configuration result with the maximum benefit is obtained quantitatively.

Description

Voltage sag comprehensive control method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power system fault management, and particularly relates to a voltage sag comprehensive control method.
Background
Voltage sags are the most serious power quality problem facing industrial users due to their frequency of occurrence, unpredictability, and damage to sensitive equipment. High-end manufacturing users in modern industrial parks adopt a large number of process controllers, variable-frequency speed adjusting devices, direct current motors, data processing equipment and the like to meet the requirements of industrial production, and electric equipment tends to be integrated and precise. The sensitive devices are very sensitive to voltage sag (the phenomenon that the square root mean value of the power frequency voltage at a certain point in a power system is suddenly reduced to 0.1-0.9 p.u., and the power frequency voltage is recovered to be normal after the power frequency voltage is temporarily continued for 10 ms-1 min). For example, in a semiconductor enterprise which is produced in all weather, once equipment is down, the whole product on an automatic production line is reimbursed or becomes defective, and the restarting time is as long as several days, so that the enterprise cannot deliver goods on time, the construction period is delayed, and huge economic loss and serious damage to the enterprise image are caused.
The common users have small power consumption capacity and single load sag sensitive characteristic, so the traditional voltage sag treatment measures are only implemented at local single points. However, the modern industrial park relates to a plurality of voltage grades, has large power utilization capacity, high occupancy ratio of sensitive equipment and certain difference of sag sensitive characteristics, most of the traditional voltage sag treatment measures are based on a power electronic technology, and the treatment equipment has high cost and large loss and is difficult to adapt to important users with high voltage grade, large user capacity and more power utilization equipment; the existing method for coordinating the management measures of the power grid side and the user side regards a single or a plurality of sensitive users under a public connection point as a whole, the sensitive difference of the internal load of the sensitive users is not considered, the user side equipment is single, the optimal configuration of switching type voltage sag management equipment and compensation type voltage sag management equipment is not considered, the existing hierarchical voltage sag management scheme aiming at the modern industrial park only provides an equipment configuration method qualitatively, but does not consider the actual voltage sag condition of the users, does not calculate the management benefit quantitatively, and does not necessarily accord with the management significance of investment over output.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a comprehensive voltage sag prevention and control method, which is used for solving the problem that the traditional voltage sag control method in the prior art is not suitable for controlling the voltage sag problem of the modern industrial park.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a comprehensive prevention and control method for voltage sag comprises the following steps,
s1, collecting initial data of the modern industrial park, on one hand, managing the power transmission and distribution line at the power grid side to reduce the frequency of voltage sag caused by faults, and on the other hand, adopting sag management equipment with different performances and costs at the user side to reduce the influence of voltage sag;
s2, describing the performance of each voltage sag treatment device by using a sensitive load state area diagram;
s3, modeling the cost of each voltage sag treatment device in S2, wherein the cost comprises the cost of a switching type treatment device and the cost of a compensation type treatment device;
modeling the governing cost of the power transmission and distribution line at the power grid side, wherein the modeling comprises the cost required by installing the lightning arrester and the cost required by cabling the power distribution line;
modeling annual sag times caused by the power transmission and distribution line;
carrying out quantitative modeling on economic loss caused by voltage sag to obtain an annual economic loss reduction value;
determining an objective function and a constraint condition of the maximum net present value model;
and S4, optimizing and solving the objective function in the S3 by using a particle swarm algorithm, and quantitatively obtaining the equipment configuration condition of the comprehensive prevention and treatment measure, including which equipment is used, the installation position of the equipment and the parameters of the equipment, so as to obtain the equipment configuration result with the maximum benefit.
Preferably, the sensitive load state area diagram includes a sensitive load state area schematic diagram after the switching type voltage sag treatment device is put into operation, a sensitive load state area schematic diagram after the compensation type voltage sag treatment device is put into operation, and a sensitive load state area schematic diagram after the switching type and compensation type voltage sag treatment device is combined into operation.
Preferably, the cost of the switching type treatment equipment comprises the purchase cost and the operation maintenance cost of HSMTS, the purchase cost and the operation maintenance cost of SSTS, and the purchase cost of HSMTS is determined by the rated voltage U of the equipmentNRated current INAnd a switching current IcutIt is decided that the independent dual power supply can be switched quickly, and the purchase cost of the HSMTS can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002250471880000021
in the formula: cHSMTS(i) For purchase cost, U, of the ith HSMTSN(i)、IN(i) And Icut(i) Respectively the rated voltage, the rated current and the on-off current of the ith HSMTS, and taking the equipment parameters of the rated voltage of 12kV, the rated current of 1250A and the on-off current of 50kA as the reference CBFor the purchase cost of the reference equipment, KVAnd KiVoltage and current coefficients, respectively, of UN(i)≤UNBWhen, KVWhen U is equal to 1N(i)>UNBWhen, KV0.73; when I isN(i)≤INBWhen, KiWhen 1 is equal toN(i)>INBWhen, KiThe operating maintenance cost of HSMTS is 1% of the acquisition cost, 0.82.
The purchase cost of the SSTS is determined by the rated voltage grade and the capacity, and the purchase cost of the SSTS can be expressed as follows:
CSSTS(i)＝Ki×CSuint×SSSTS(i)
in the formula: kiRated voltage class factor when the rated voltage is 440V, ki1 is ═ 1; when the rated voltage is 12kV, ki＝2，CSuninitIs the market price of SSTS per unit volume, SSSTS(i) The annual operating maintenance cost is calculated as 5% of the acquisition cost for the capacity of the ith SSTS.
Preferably, the offset equipment cost includes an acquisition cost and an operation maintenance cost of the DVR, and an acquisition cost and an operation maintenance cost of the online UPS, and the acquisition cost of the DVR may be expressed as:
CDVR(i)＝Cdunit×SDVR(i)
in the formula, SDVR(i) Capacity of the ith DVR; cdunitIs the market price per unit capacity of the DVR.
SDVR＝UDVRI＝UDVRSload/UN
In the formula, SloadLoad rated capacity; u shapeNRated voltage for the user; u shapeDVRIs the maximum compensation voltage of the DVR. Annual running dimension of DVRThe protection fee is 5% of the purchase cost.
The cost of purchase of an online UPS may be expressed as:
CUPS(i)＝Cuunit×SUPS(i)
in the formula: cunnitFor the market price of online UPS unit capacity, the rated capacity of the equipment refers to the apparent power of the AC output of the inverter, the influence of dynamic stability, DC voltage drop, temperature and equipment aging is considered, and the capacity of the equipment is selected to leave a certain margin, which can be:
in the formula: sUPS(i) Capacity of the i-th UPS, KrelThe value range is 1.33-1.53 for reliable coefficient, PloadIs the power of the load or loads and,
Figure BDA0002250471880000032
for the load power factor, the annual operating maintenance cost is calculated as 15% of the acquisition cost.
Preferably, the cost required for installing the lightning arrester is as follows:
Ca＝Caunit×Na
in the formula: caunitCost per group of arresters; n is a radical ofaThe number of the lightning arresters installed for the power transmission line is counted, and the operation and maintenance cost of the lightning arresters is calculated according to 10% of the cost of the lightning arresters.
Preferably, the cost required for cabling the distribution line is as follows:
Cl＝Clunit×L
in the formula: clunitThe transformation cost of the distribution line in unit distance; l is the length of the line, and the operation and maintenance cost of the cable is 10% of the line modification cost.
Preferably, the model of the number of annual sag times caused by the power transmission and distribution line can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002250471880000033
in the formula, NsagTemporarily reducing the annual times before the power transmission and distribution line is transformed; parameter KtransA value in the range of 1 or 0, when KtransThe value is 1, the lightning arrester is installed on the power transmission and distribution line, and when K istransThe value is 0, which indicates that no lightning arrester is installed on the power transmission and distribution line, KdistA value in the range of 1 or 0, when KdistThe value is 1, the cabling of the power transmission and distribution line is shown, and when K is useddistThe value is 0, which indicates that the power transmission and distribution line is not generalized.
Preferably, the economic loss quantitative modeling can be divided into two types before and after sag treatment:
when the sag is not treated, it can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002250471880000041
where m is the number of sensitive loads affected by sag, PiFor the probability of failure of a sensitive load when it is subjected to a voltage sag, KIEconomic loss caused by the fault of the sensitive load i;
after the voltage sag prevention measures are adopted, the annual economic loss cost of sag is reduced as follows:
Figure BDA0002250471880000042
in the formula Pi *The probability of the fault when the sensitive load i is subjected to voltage sag is comprehensively managed.
Preferably, the modeling process of the comprehensive prevention and control benefit quantitative model is as follows: the average life of the power cable, the line arrester, the DVR, the SSTS, the online UPS and the HSMTS can be respectively 30 years, 15 years, 6 years and 30 years. The investigation period is uniformly set to be 30 years, so that the benefit and the feasibility of the whole scheme are conveniently evaluated. In order to optimize the scheme, the net present value of the benefit is maximum as an objective function, namely:
Figure BDA0002250471880000043
wherein N is a project investigation period of 30 years, t is the current year, r is a preset discount rate which is generally 0.1, and △ Lsag represents an annual economic loss reduction value before and after the implementation of the sag integrated control scheme;
Figure BDA0002250471880000044
represents the sum of annual operation and maintenance costs of used equipment;
aDVRCDVR＝CDVR(1+1/(1+r)15)
Cdevicethe net present value representing the total purchase cost of the equipment used in the investigation period is larger than the average life of DVR, SSTS and online UPS, and the equipment needs to be replaced in the item period, taking DVR as an example, the initial cost is CDVRThe DVR needs to be replaced once when N is 15, and the net current value of the acquisition cost of the DVR is CDVR/(1+r)15Then, in the project investigation period, the net present value of the total purchase cost of the DVR is:
then C isdeviceCan be expressed as:
wherein p is the number of power branches for installing the sag control device, and parameter KDVR(KUPS、KSSTS、KHSMTS) The value range is 1 or 0, which respectively indicates whether DVR (online UPS, SSTS, HSMTS) is used for treating the sensitive load carried by the branch i; the HSMTS is used for switching the independent double power supplies, and the denominator 2 in item 6 indicates that two loads carried by two power supply branches share one HSMTS for treatment. For each power branch which is possible to install the voltage sag control equipment, only one voltage sag control equipment can be selected at most to be installed, so that for any power branch, only one of the 4 parameters is 1 at most.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the power consumption capacity of a common user is small, the traditional voltage sag control measures are only implemented by installing sag control equipment at the point-to-point of the user side, the traditional voltage sag control equipment is mostly based on a power electronic technology, the cost of the sag control equipment is high, the loss is large, and the voltage sag comprehensive control measures are provided, namely measures are taken at the power grid side to improve the external environment of the power transmission and distribution line, so that the frequency of voltage sag caused by faults is reduced; the user side adopts sag treatment equipment with different performances and costs, the influence of voltage sag is reduced, treatment resources of the power grid side and the user side are coordinated from the perspective of resource optimization configuration, the configuration of the voltage sag treatment equipment of the user side is optimized to carry out comprehensive decision, and the problems that compensation type voltage sag treatment equipment is comprehensively adopted on the low-voltage side of a large-capacity modern industrial park user to treat, the equipment cost is high, the space is large, the installation and implementation are difficult and the like are solved.
2. The method comprises the steps of showing a sensitive load state area schematic diagram after the switching type voltage sag treatment equipment is put into operation, showing the sensitive load state area schematic diagram after the compensation type voltage sag treatment equipment is put into operation, and showing the sensitive load state area schematic diagram after the switching type and compensation type voltage sag treatment equipment is put into operation in combination, so that the problems that the user side equipment is single and the optimal configuration of the switching type voltage sag treatment equipment and the compensation type voltage sag treatment equipment is not considered are solved.
3. By constructing switching type voltage sag treatment equipment, compensation type voltage sag treatment equipment, an online uninterruptible power supply, a cost model for installing a lightning arrester on a power transmission line and cabling of the power transmission line and a model of annual voltage sag times of the power transmission line after the implementation of the comprehensive control method, constructing an economic loss quantification model before and after the implementation of the comprehensive control method and a benefit quantification model after the implementation of the comprehensive control method, optimizing through a particle swarm algorithm to obtain an equipment configuration result of the comprehensive control method, quantitatively calculating the control benefit, conforming to the control significance of investment over output, having more pertinence and feasibility compared with the traditional local control scheme or qualitative configuration strategy, being capable of reducing the voltage sag influence with low cost and high benefit and having important theoretical value and engineering guidance significance for relieving the sag influence in a modern industrial park.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the voltage sag control method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the sensitive load status area after the switching type abatement device of the present invention is in operation;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sensitive load status region of the compensation type equipment of the present invention after operation;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the switching and compensation type combination commissioning of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the sensitive load status region after the device combination of the present invention is put into operation.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for comprehensively preventing and treating voltage sag comprises the following steps,
s1, collecting initial data of the modern industrial park, on one hand, managing the power transmission and distribution line at the power grid side to reduce the frequency of voltage sag caused by faults, and on the other hand, adopting sag management equipment with different performances and costs at the user side to reduce the influence of voltage sag;
s2, describing the performance of each voltage sag treatment device by using a sensitive load state area diagram;
s3, modeling the cost of each voltage sag treatment device in S2, wherein the cost comprises the cost of a switching type treatment device and the cost of a compensation type treatment device;
modeling the governing cost of the power transmission and distribution line at the power grid side, wherein the modeling comprises the cost required by installing the lightning arrester and the cost required by cabling the power distribution line;
modeling annual sag times caused by the power transmission and distribution line;
carrying out quantitative modeling on economic loss caused by voltage sag to obtain an annual economic loss reduction value;
determining an objective function and a constraint condition of the maximum net present value model;
and S4, optimizing and solving the objective function in the S3 by using a particle swarm algorithm, and quantitatively obtaining the equipment configuration condition of the comprehensive prevention and treatment measure, including which equipment is used, the installation position of the equipment and the parameters of the equipment, so as to obtain the equipment configuration result with the maximum benefit.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 to fig. 5, the sensitive load state area diagrams include a sensitive load state area schematic diagram after the switching type voltage sag treatment device is put into operation, a sensitive load state area schematic diagram after the compensation type voltage sag treatment device is put into operation, and a sensitive load state area schematic diagram after the switching type and compensation type voltage sag treatment device is put into operation in combination.
Further, the cost of the switching type treatment equipment comprises the purchase cost and the operation maintenance cost of the HSMTS, the purchase cost and the operation maintenance cost of the SSTS, and the purchase cost of the HSMTS is determined by the rated voltage U of the equipmentNRated current INAnd a switching current IcutIt is decided that the independent dual power supply can be switched quickly, and the purchase cost of the HSMTS can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002250471880000061
in the formula: cHSMTS(i) For purchase cost, U, of the ith HSMTSN(i)、IN(i) And Icut(i) Respectively the rated voltage, the rated current and the on-off current of the ith HSMTS, and taking the equipment parameters of the rated voltage of 12kV, the rated current of 1250A and the on-off current of 50kA as the reference CBFor the purchase cost of the reference equipment, KVAnd KiVoltage and current coefficients (when U)N(i)≤UNBWhen, KVWhen U is equal to 1N(i)>UNBWhen, KV0.73; when I isN(i)≤INBWhen, KiWhen 1 is equal toN(i)>INBWhen, Ki0.82), the operating maintenance cost of the HSMTS is 1% of the purchase cost.
The purchase cost of the SSTS is determined by the rated voltage grade and the capacity, and the purchase cost of the SSTS can be expressed as follows:
CSSTS(i)＝Ki×CSuint×SSSTS(i)
in the formula: kiIs a rated voltage class coefficient (when the rated voltage is 440V, ki1 is ═ 1; when the rated voltage is 12kV, ki＝2)，CSuninitIs the market price of SSTS per unit volume, SSSTS(i) The annual operating maintenance cost is calculated as 5% of the acquisition cost for the capacity of the ith SSTS.
Further, the offset equipment cost includes an acquisition cost and an operation maintenance cost of the DVR, and an acquisition cost and an operation maintenance cost of the online UPS, and the acquisition cost of the DVR may be expressed as:
CDVR(i)＝Cdunit×SDVR(i)
in the formula, SDVR(i) Capacity of the ith DVR; cdunitIs the market price per unit capacity of the DVR.
SDVR＝UDVRI＝UDVRSload/UN
In the formula, SloadLoad rated capacity; u shapeNRated voltage for the user; u shapeDVRIs the maximum compensation voltage of the DVR. The annual operating maintenance cost of a DVR is 5% of the acquisition cost.
The cost of purchase of an online UPS may be expressed as:
CUPS(i)＝Cuunit×SUPS(i)
in the formula: cunnitFor the market price of online UPS unit capacity, the rated capacity of the equipment refers to the apparent power of the AC output of the inverter, the influence of dynamic stability, DC voltage drop, temperature and equipment aging is considered, and the capacity of the equipment is selected to leave a certain margin, which can be:
in the formula: sUPS(i) Capacity of the i-th UPS, KrelThe value range is 1.33-1.53 for reliable coefficient, PloadIs the power of the load or loads and,
Figure BDA0002250471880000072
for the load power factor, the annual operating maintenance cost is calculated as 15% of the acquisition cost.
Further, the cost required for installing the lightning arrester is as follows:
Ca＝Caunit×Na
in the formula: caunitCost per group of arresters; n is a radical ofaThe number of the lightning arresters installed for the power transmission line is counted, and the operation and maintenance cost of the lightning arresters is calculated according to 10% of the cost of the lightning arresters.
Further, the cost required for cabling the distribution line is shown as follows:
Cl＝Clunit×L
in the formula: clunitThe transformation cost of the distribution line in unit distance; l is the length of the line, and the operation and maintenance cost of the cable is 10% of the line modification cost.
Further, the annual sag times model caused by the power transmission and distribution line can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002250471880000081
in the formula, NsagTemporarily reducing the annual times before the power transmission and distribution line is transformed; parameter KtransA value in the range of 1 or 0, when KtransThe value is 1, the lightning arrester is installed on the power transmission and distribution line, and when K istransThe value is 0, which indicates that no lightning arrester is installed on the power transmission and distribution line, KdistA value in the range of 1 or 0, when KdistThe value is 1, the cabling of the power transmission and distribution line is shown, and when K is useddistThe value is 0, which indicates that the power transmission and distribution line is not generalized.
Further, the economic loss quantitative modeling is divided into two types before and after sag treatment:
when the sag is not treated, it can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002250471880000082
where m is the number of sensitive loads affected by sag, PiFor the probability of failure of a sensitive load when it is subjected to a voltage sag, KIEconomic loss caused by the fault of the sensitive load i;
after the voltage sag prevention measures are adopted, the annual economic loss cost of sag is reduced as follows:
in the formula Pi *The probability of the fault when the sensitive load i is subjected to voltage sag is comprehensively managed.
Further, the modeling process of the comprehensive prevention and control benefit quantification model is as follows: the average life of the power cable, the line arrester, the DVR, the SSTS, the online UPS and the HSMTS can be respectively 30 years, 15 years, 6 years and 30 years. The investigation period is uniformly set to be 30 years, so that the benefit and the feasibility of the whole scheme are conveniently evaluated. In order to optimize the scheme, the net present value of the benefit is maximum as an objective function, namely:
wherein N is a project investigation period of 30 years, t is the current year, r is a preset discount rate which is generally 0.1, and △ Lsag represents an annual economic loss reduction value before and after the implementation of the sag integrated control scheme;
Figure BDA0002250471880000085
represents the sum of annual operation and maintenance costs of used equipment; cdeviceNet present value representing total purchase cost of equipment used in the survey cycle, due to the termsThe visual inspection period is longer than that of DVR and SSTS,
aDVRCDVR＝CDVR(1+1/(1+r)15)
Average life of an online UPS, the equipment needs to be replaced during the project cycle, e.g. DVR, with initial cost CDVRThe DVR needs to be replaced once when N is 15, and the net current value of the acquisition cost of the DVR is CDVR/(1+r)15Then, in the project investigation period, the net present value of the total purchase cost of the DVR is:
then C isdeviceCan be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002250471880000091
wherein p is the number of power branches for installing the sag control device, and parameter KDVR(KUPS、KSSTS、KHSMTS) The value range is 1 or 0, which respectively indicates whether DVR (online UPS, SSTS, HSMTS) is used for treating the sensitive load carried by the branch i; the HSMTS is used for switching the independent double power supplies, and the denominator 2 in item 6 indicates that two loads carried by two power supply branches share one HSMTS for treatment. For each power branch which is possible to install the voltage sag control equipment, only one voltage sag control equipment can be selected at most to be installed, so that for any power branch, only one of the 4 parameters is 1 at most.
In the voltage sag comprehensive control strategy, whether a lightning arrester is installed on a 110kV power transmission line on a power grid side and whether a 10kV private line is cabled or not, whether sag treatment equipment is installed on loads of 10kV and 380V voltage classes on a user side or not, which treatment equipment is adopted and the voltage compensation amplitude of a DVR are used as independent variables, and the equipment configuration condition of the comprehensive control strategy can be obtained through calculation of an optimization algorithm.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: firstly collecting initial data of a park, including park power transmission and distribution line length, park annual voltage sag frequency statistical data, various load capacities of park users, single sag economic loss and the like, then providing a strategy for optimizing and configuring user side equipment, modeling the cost of different sag treatment measures in different strategies, including switching type and compensation type voltage sag treatment equipment and equipment used for power transmission and distribution line reconstruction, modeling the park annual voltage sag frequency after the sag treatment measures are implemented, quantitatively modeling the economic loss caused by voltage sag before and after the sag treatment measures are implemented, obtaining annual economic loss reduction values before and after the sag treatment measures are implemented, finally determining a target function and constraint conditions of a maximum net present value model of the sag treatment measures, and solving the target function by using a particle swarm algorithm, and quantitatively obtaining the most beneficial equipment configuration result.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "counterclockwise", "clockwise", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description only, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting.

Claims (9)

1. A voltage sag comprehensive control method is characterized by comprising the following steps,
s1, collecting initial data of the modern industrial park, on one hand, managing the power transmission and distribution line at the power grid side to reduce the frequency of voltage sag caused by faults, and on the other hand, adopting sag management equipment with different performances and costs at the user side to reduce the influence of voltage sag;
s2, describing the performance of each voltage sag treatment device by using a sensitive load state area diagram;
s3, modeling the cost of each voltage sag treatment device in S2, wherein the cost comprises the cost of a switching type treatment device and the cost of a compensation type treatment device;
modeling the governing cost of the power transmission and distribution line at the power grid side, wherein the modeling comprises the cost required by installing the lightning arrester and the cost required by cabling the power distribution line;
modeling annual sag times caused by the power transmission and distribution line;
carrying out quantitative modeling on economic loss caused by voltage sag to obtain an annual economic loss reduction value;
determining an objective function and a constraint condition of the maximum net present value model;
and S4, optimizing and solving the objective function in the S3 by using a particle swarm algorithm, and quantitatively obtaining the equipment configuration condition of the comprehensive prevention and treatment measure, including which equipment is used, the installation position of the equipment and the parameters of the equipment, so as to obtain the equipment configuration result with the maximum benefit.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensitive load state area diagram comprises a schematic diagram of a sensitive load state area after the switching type voltage sag treatment device is put into operation, a schematic diagram of a sensitive load state area after the compensation type voltage sag treatment device is put into operation, and a schematic diagram of a sensitive load state area after the switching type voltage sag treatment device and the compensation type voltage sag treatment device are put into operation in combination.
3. The method for comprehensively preventing and treating voltage sag according to claim 1, wherein the cost of switching type abatement equipment comprises purchase cost and operation maintenance cost of HSMTS (high speed methanol to methane) and purchase cost and operation maintenance cost of SSTS (solid State switchgear), and the purchase cost of HSMTS is determined by rated voltage U of equipmentNRated current INAnd a switching current IcutIt is decided that the independent dual power supply can be switched quickly, and the purchase cost of the HSMTS can be expressed as:
in the formula: cHSMTS(i) For purchase cost, U, of the ith HSMTSN(i)、IN(i) And Icut(i) Respectively the rated voltage, the rated current and the on-off current of the ith HSMTS, and taking the equipment parameters of the rated voltage of 12kV, the rated current of 1250A and the on-off current of 50kA as the reference CBIs taken as a referenceCost of purchase of equipment, KVAnd KiVoltage and current coefficients, respectively, when UN(i)≤UNBWhen, KVWhen U is equal to 1N(i)＞UNBWhen, KV0.73; when I isN(i)≤INBWhen, KiWhen 1 is equal toN(i)＞INBWhen, KiThe operation and maintenance cost of the HSMTS is 0.82 percent of the purchase cost;
the purchase cost of the SSTS is determined by the rated voltage grade and the capacity, and the purchase cost of the SSTS can be expressed as follows:
CSSTS(i)＝Ki×CSuint×SSSTS(i)
in the formula: kiFor rated voltage class factor, when the rated voltage is 440V, ki1 is ═ 1; when the rated voltage is 12kV, ki＝2，CSuninitIs the market price of SSTS per unit volume, SSSTS(i) The annual operating maintenance cost is calculated as 5% of the acquisition cost for the capacity of the ith SSTS.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the compensation type equipment cost includes an acquisition cost and an operation maintenance cost of the DVR, and the acquisition cost and the operation maintenance cost of the online UPS, and the acquisition cost and the operation maintenance cost of the DVR are expressed as:
CDVR(i)＝Cdunit×SDVR(i)
in the formula, SDVR(i) Capacity of the ith DVR; cdunitMarket price per unit capacity of DVR;
SDVR＝UDVRI＝UDVRSload/UN
in the formula, SloadLoad rated capacity; u shapeNRated voltage for the user; u shapeDVRThe annual operation and maintenance cost of the DVR is 5 percent of the purchase cost for the maximum compensation voltage of the DVR;
the cost of purchase of an online UPS may be expressed as:
CUPS(i)＝Cuunit×SUPS(i)
in the formula: cunnitFor the market price of online UPS unit capacity, the rated capacity of the equipment refers to the apparent power of the AC output of the inverter, the influence of dynamic stability, DC voltage drop, temperature and equipment aging is considered, and the capacity of the equipment is selected to leave a certain margin, which can be:
Figure FDA0002250471870000021
in the formula: sUPS(i) Capacity of the i-th UPS, KrelThe value range is 1.33-1.53 for reliable coefficient, PloadIs the power of the load or loads and,
Figure FDA0002250471870000022
for the load power factor, the annual operating maintenance cost is calculated as 15% of the acquisition cost.
5. The method for comprehensively preventing and treating voltage sag according to claim 1, wherein the cost required for installing the lightning arrester is as follows:
Ca＝Caunit×Na
in the formula: caunitCost per group of arresters; n is a radical ofaThe number of the lightning arresters installed for the power transmission line is counted, and the operation and maintenance cost of the lightning arresters is calculated according to 10% of the cost of the lightning arresters.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the cabling cost of the distribution line is as follows:
Cl＝Clunit×L
in the formula: clunitThe transformation cost of the distribution line in unit distance; l is the length of the line, and the operation and maintenance cost of the cable is 10% of the line modification cost.
7. The integrated control method for voltage sag according to claim 1, wherein the model of annual sag times caused by the power transmission and distribution line is represented as:
Figure FDA0002250471870000031
in the formula, NsagTemporarily reducing the annual times before the power transmission and distribution line is transformed; parameter KtransA value in the range of 1 or 0, when KtransThe value is 1, the lightning arrester is installed on the power transmission and distribution line, and when K istransThe value is 0, which indicates that no lightning arrester is installed on the power transmission and distribution line, KdistA value in the range of 1 or 0, when KdistThe value is 1, the cabling of the power transmission and distribution line is shown, and when K is useddistThe value is 0, which indicates that the power transmission and distribution line is not generalized.
8. The integrated control method for voltage sag according to claim 1, wherein the quantitative modeling of economic loss is divided into two types before and after sag control:
when the sag is not treated, it can be expressed as:
Figure FDA0002250471870000032
where m is the number of sensitive loads affected by sag, PiFor the probability of failure of a sensitive load when it is subjected to a voltage sag, KIEconomic loss caused by the fault of the sensitive load i;
after the voltage sag prevention measures are adopted, the annual economic loss cost of sag is reduced as follows:
Figure FDA0002250471870000033
in the formula Pi *The probability of the fault when the sensitive load i is subjected to voltage sag is comprehensively managed.
9. The method for comprehensively preventing and treating voltage sag according to claim 1, wherein the modeling process of the comprehensive prevention and treatment benefit quantification model is as follows: the average life of the power cable, the line arrester, the DVR, the SSTS, the online UPS and the HSMTS can be respectively 30 years, 15 years, 6 years and 30 years, the investigation period is uniformly set to be 30 years, the benefit and the feasibility of the whole scheme are conveniently evaluated, the scheme is optimized, and the net present value of the benefit is taken as the maximum target function, namely:
Figure FDA0002250471870000034
in the formula, N is a project investigation period of 30 years; t is the current year; r is a predetermined discount rate, and is generally 0.1; Δ Lsag represents the annual economic loss reduction value before and after implementation of the sag integrated control scheme;represents the sum of annual operation and maintenance costs of used equipment; cdeviceThe net present value representing the total purchase cost of the equipment used in the investigation period is larger than the average life of DVR, SSTS and online UPS, and the equipment needs to be replaced in the item period, taking DVR as an example, the initial cost is CDVRThe DVR needs to be replaced once when N is 15, and the net current value of the acquisition cost of the DVR is CDVR/(1+r)15Then, in the project investigation period, the net present value of the total purchase cost of the DVR is:
aDVRCDVR＝CDVR(1+1/(1+r)15)
then C isdeviceCan be expressed as:
wherein p is the number of power branches for installing the sag control device, and parameter KDVR、KUPS、KSSTS、KHSMTSThe value range is 1 or 0, which respectively indicates whether DVR, online UPS, SSTS and HSMTS are used for treating the sensitive load carried by the branch i; HSMTS for independent dual power supplySwitching, wherein the denominator 2 in item 6 indicates that two loads carried by two power supply branches share one HSMTS for treatment; for each power branch which is possible to install the voltage sag control equipment, only one voltage sag control equipment can be selected at most to be installed, so that for any power branch, only one of the 4 parameters is 1 at most.
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