CN110794866B - Method for optimizing time-of-flight performance by integrating climbing, cruising and descending - Google Patents
Method for optimizing time-of-flight performance by integrating climbing, cruising and descending Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for optimizing the time-of-flight performance by integrating climbing, cruising and descending into a whole, which comprises the following steps: selecting an optimal cruise strategy during the voyage through cruise performance analysis under single weight; integrally optimizing climbing and level flight performance data of the climbing interval to obtain an optimal voyage climbing strategy; optimizing the descending and level flight performance data of the descending interval to obtain an optimal time-of-flight descending strategy; respectively accumulating the oil consumption of the climbing section and the descending section to obtain the oil consumption of the climbing section and the descending section, calculating the oil quantity of the cruise section, then dividing different oil quantity sections, and performing the time-of-flight optimization of the whole cruise section to obtain the time-of-flight of the optimal cruise strategy; respectively accumulating the flight time of the climbing section and the descending section to obtain the flight time of the whole climbing section and the descending section; and accumulating the flight time segments of the climbing segment, the cruising segment and the descending segment to obtain the optimal flight time of the whole flight profile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aviation, in particular to the technical field of time-of-flight distribution planning
Background
At present, the largest function of unmanned aerial vehicles in the military field is reconnaissance, which is premised on ultrahigh flight time performance, i.e., capability of air standby. The typical flight profile at flight contains 3 major segments of climb, cruise and descent. Wherein, cruise is divided into cruise sections with different weights. In order to achieve the ultra-long endurance performance index, researchers have conducted comprehensive and intensive research. For example, Zhang Yunfei, etc. proposes to adopt flight strategies of variable attitude and speed during cruise at equal altitude to achieve maximum time (Zhang Yunfei, Loxun, Gao Wu, etc.. Propeller planes with equal altitude flight range and time calculation [ J]Flight mechanics, 2003,21 (4): 30-34; voyage and time of jet plane equal altitude flight [ J]Journal of university of aerospace, beijing, 2003,29 (7): 566-569). Dong Chao Yang[3]Optimum climbing and descending trajectories based on an energy state approximation method and a singular perturbation method (Dongdongyang. aircraft Performance optimization research [ J ]]Flight mechanics, 1992,10 (4): 39-47.). However, climb, cruise and descent flightThe occupation ratio of the time in the flight profile of the optimal flight is not small, if only the optimization of a single task segment is pursued, the local optimization is inevitably caused, and short boards and defects of other stages are caused. Meanwhile, the cruise section occupies most of the whole flight profile during navigation, and if the cruise section is selected at the same speed for cruising, local optimization is easy to be involved. Therefore, considering only a single or non-integral plurality of task segments is not sufficient to obtain optimal time-of-flight performance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the incompleteness of the optimization of the current time-of-flight performance profile, the invention provides a time-of-flight performance optimization method integrating climbing, cruising and descending in order to enable an airplane to achieve the optimal time-of-flight performance.
The invention relates to a method for optimizing the time-of-flight performance by integrating climbing, cruising and descending into a whole, which comprises the following steps:
a. cruise strategy selection at single weight: selecting optimal cruise strategies at different heights and under different weights through calculation and analysis of cruise performance under single weight;
b. selection of climbing section strategy: calculating and optimizing the climbing and level flight performance data of the climbing (interval) integrally to obtain the optimal flight time climbing strategy of the climbing (interval);
c. selection of the descending section strategy: integrally calculating and optimizing the descending and the flight performance data of the descending (interval) to obtain the optimal time-of-flight descending strategy of the descending (interval);
d. and (3) selecting an overall cruise section strategy: respectively accumulating oil consumption of climbing (interval) and descending (interval) to obtain the oil consumption front and rear clamping force of the whole climbing section and descending section, calculating the oil quantity of the cruise section, then dividing different oil quantity intervals, and performing the time-of-flight optimization of the whole cruise section to obtain the time-of-flight of the optimal cruise strategy;
e. and (3) optimizing the time-of-flight performance by integrating climbing-cruising-descending strategies: respectively accumulating the flight time of climbing (interval) and descending (interval) to obtain the flight time of the whole climbing section and descending section; and accumulating the flight time segments of the climbing segment, the cruising segment and the descending segment to obtain the optimal flight time of the whole flight profile.
The cruising segment strategy under the single weight is selected as follows:
the cruising oil quantity is divided into n sections (n is a variable), different weights are obtained, and the hourly oil consumption under each weight is calculated according to the formula:
wherein, W-For hourly oil consumption,. DELTA.WPatrol instrumentFor cruise fuel consumption,. DELTA.TPatrol instrumentIs the cruising time;
and forming a three-dimensional hour oil consumption matrix under the altitude-weight-cruising speed to select the minimum hour oil consumption under different altitudes and weights, wherein the speed corresponding to the hour oil consumption is the optimal long-endurance speed under the weight and the altitude.
And obtaining the hourly oil consumption of different weights according to the weight change by an internal interpolation method.
The climb (interval) strategy is selected as
a) Selecting a highly optimized interval Δ HClimbing device；
b) Calculating the flight time of climbing the altitude interval at different climbing speeds within the altitude interval range;
c) selecting the longest flight time in the climbing interval as the reference time of the altitude interval and recording the time as Tmax crawlUnder other climbing strategies, T is achieved through a climbing + flat flight strategymax crawlThe following can be obtained:
Tmax crawl＝T1 climb+T2 crawl
Wherein, T1 climbTime of flight for climbing, T2 crawlThe flight time of the level flight.
d) Selecting the optimal climbing speed during navigation:
different climb strategies (climb/climb + level flight) are used to reach Tmax crawlCalculating the average hourly oil consumption of each climbing strategy reaching the flight time, selecting the climbing strategy corresponding to the minimum average hourly oil consumption as the optimal time-of-flight climbing strategy of the altitude interval, wherein the corresponding climbing speed is the optimal time-of-flight climbing strategy of the current altitude intervalThe climbing speed of time.
And selecting the optimal climbing speed of each altitude interval during the voyage, namely forming a two-dimensional matrix of the altitude interval and the climbing speed, wherein the matrix is the climbing strategy of the optimal voyage profile.
The descent (interval) strategy selection
Two modes of level flight, descending and descending are adopted,
a) selecting a highly optimized interval Δ HDescend，；
b) In the altitude interval, calculating the flight time of descending the altitude interval under the condition of different descending speeds;
c) selecting the longest flight time in the descending interval as the reference flight time of the altitude interval range, and recording as TDecrease maxUnder other descending strategies, T is achieved through a plane flight and descending strategyDecrease maxThe following can be obtained:
Tdecrease max＝T1 drop+T2 drop
Wherein, T1 dropFor descending flight time, T2 dropTime of flight for a level flight;
d) selecting the optimal descending speed during the voyage:
taking the longest flight time Tmax as the reference flight time, using different descending strategies (descending/flat flying + descending) to reach the time, obtaining the average hourly oil consumption of each descending strategy reaching the time, selecting the descending strategy corresponding to the minimum average hourly oil consumption as the optimal descending strategy of the altitude interval, wherein the corresponding descending speed is the optimal time-of-flight descending speed of the current altitude interval;
and selecting the optimal descending speed of each altitude interval during the flight, namely forming a two-dimensional matrix of the altitude interval and the descending speed, wherein the matrix is the descending strategy of the optimal flight profile.
And the integral cruise section strategy is selected:
a) calculating the cruising oil quantity, namely calculating the oil quantity of a cruising section by a climbing (interval) strategy and a descending (interval) strategy in a front-back clamping manner:
1) obtaining oil consumption under the optimal climbing strategy in each altitude interval through climbing (interval) strategy selection, and accumulating to obtain the oil consumption of the whole climbing section;
2) obtaining the oil consumption under the optimal descending strategy in each height interval through descending (interval) strategy selection, and accumulating to obtain the oil consumption of the whole descending section;
3) removing the oil quantity of the climbing section and the descending section to obtain the oil quantity of the cruise section;
b) cruise strategy at different weights
Dividing the cruising oil quantity into n sections, obtaining an average cruising weight of each section of cruising oil quantity, and selecting the optimal cruising speed under the weight through a three-dimensional hourly oil consumption matrix under the height-weight-cruising speed to realize cruising of different speeds corresponding to different weights, namely a variable speed cruising strategy;
c) optimization of cruise strategy
Due to the different segments n, different cruising times T are obtainedPatrol instrument(ii) a Obtaining the cruising time T of different cruising segments through the change of n1 when patrol is equal to n，TPatrol 2…TPatrol is equal to i(ii) a Meanwhile, a convergence Factor is introduced, and when different segments n cause cruise time to increase by delta TPatrol instrument<<At Factor, the strategy of the cruise segment is considered to be optimal.
The convergence Factor is (1-2%) T tour for a long-endurance airplane; for a shorter aircraft in flight, Factor ═ (2-3%) TPatrol instrument。
In the optimization of the time-of-flight performance by the comprehensive climbing-cruising-descending strategy, the optimal climbing speed and the flight time at the optimal climbing speed in each altitude interval can be obtained by selecting the climbing (interval) strategy; integrating according to the height interval from low altitude → high altitude to realize the accumulation of the flight time of the whole climbing section; through the selection of a descending (interval) strategy, the optimal descending speed and the flight time at the speed in each altitude interval can be obtained; integration is carried out according to the height interval from low altitude → high altitude, and the accumulation of the flight time of the whole descending segment is realized.
By means of calculation optimization of the method, the optimal time-of-flight performance can be obtained; the time optimization method of the invention integrally optimizes 3 task stages of climbing, cruising and descending aiming at the characteristics of the long-time airplane, can effectively improve the performance index of the airplane, expands the functions and the purposes of the airplane, and establishes a good time performance basis for the application and the modification of the subsequent airplane.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the flight
FIG. 2 time of flight optimization flow chart
FIG. 3 climbing (interval) strategy profile
FIG. 4 shows a descending (interval) strategy profile
Detailed Description
The method mainly comprises the following steps: a. selecting a cruise strategy under a single weight; b. selection of a climbing section strategy; c. selecting a descending section strategy; d. selecting a strategy of the whole cruise section; e. and (4) integrating climbing-cruising-descending strategies to complete optimization of the time-of-flight performance. (remark: strategy includes altitude and speed of flight).
The flight profile during the voyage is shown in figure 1, and 3 task segments of a climbing segment, a cruising segment and a descending segment are respectively shown, wherein the climbing segment and the descending segment are respectively composed of a plurality of climbing intervals and descending intervals, and the cruising segment is composed of cruising intervals with different weights. The specific idea of the scheme is shown in figure 2: 1) selecting optimal cruise strategies at different heights and under different weights through calculation and analysis of cruise performance under single weight; 2) calculating and optimizing the climbing and level flight performance data of the climbing (interval) integrally to obtain the optimal flight time climbing strategy of the climbing (interval); 3) integrally calculating and optimizing the descending and the flight performance data of the descending (interval) to obtain the optimal time-of-flight descending strategy of the descending (interval); 4) respectively accumulating oil consumption of climbing (interval) and descending (interval) to obtain the oil consumption front and rear clamping force of the whole climbing section and descending section, calculating the oil quantity of the cruise section, then dividing different oil quantity intervals, and performing the time-of-flight optimization of the whole cruise section to obtain the time-of-flight of the optimal cruise strategy; 5) respectively accumulating the flight time of climbing (interval) and descending (interval) to obtain the flight time of the whole climbing section and descending section; 6) and accumulating the flight time segments of the climbing segment, the cruising segment and the descending segment to obtain the optimal flight time of the whole flight profile.
The time optimization method integrally optimizes the 3 task stages of climbing, cruising and descending aiming at the characteristics of the long-time airplane, can effectively improve the performance index of the airplane, expands the functions and the purposes of the airplane and establishes a good time performance basis for the application and the modification of the subsequent airplane.
Assuming the conditions: in the climbing process, the engine of the unmanned aerial vehicle is in the maximum state; in the descending process, the engine is in a slow vehicle state.
2.1 cruise segment strategy selection at Single weight
And calculating the hourly oil consumption at different level flight speeds under the conditions of different heights and different weights. The cruising oil quantity is divided into n sections (n is a variable), different weights are obtained, and the hourly oil consumption under each weight is calculated according to the formula:
wherein, W-For hourly oil consumption,. DELTA.WPatrol instrumentFor cruise fuel consumption,. DELTA.TPatrol instrumentIs the cruising time.
Thus, a three-dimensional hourly fuel consumption matrix at altitude-weight-cruise speed is formed, and if the weight changes, the hourly fuel consumption of different weights can be obtained through an internal interpolation method. And selecting the minimum hour oil consumption under different heights and weights, wherein the speed corresponding to the hour oil consumption is the optimal long-endurance speed under the weight and the height.
2.2 climb (Interval) strategy selection
Under the condition of giving fuel quantity, different climbing speeds correspond to different climbing rates and flight times, and the specific climbing strategy comprises the following steps: climbing + level flight and climbing, see fig. 3.
e) Selecting a highly optimized interval Δ HClimbing deviceE.g. Δ HClimbing device1km, i.e. the range of height layers is 0km → 1km, 1km → 2km, 2km → 3km …;
f) calculating the flight time of climbing the altitude interval at different climbing speeds within the altitude interval range;
g) selecting the longest flight time in the climbing interval as the reference time of the altitude interval and recording the time as Tmax crawlUnder other climbing strategies, T is achieved through a climbing + flat flight strategymax crawlThe following can be obtained:
Tmax crawl＝T1 climb+T2 crawl
Wherein, T1 climbTime of flight for climbing, T2 crawlThe flight time of the level flight.
h) Selecting the optimal climbing speed during navigation:
different climb strategies (climb/climb + level flight) are used to reach Tmax crawlAnd obtaining the average hour oil consumption of each climbing strategy reaching the flight time, and selecting the climbing strategy corresponding to the minimum average hour oil consumption as the optimal flight time climbing strategy in the altitude interval. The corresponding climbing speed in the climbing strategy is the optimal climbing speed in the current altitude interval during the voyage. The specific algorithm is as follows:
1) climbing interval:
oil consumption per height of climb:
flight time of climbing per height:
wherein, Δ WClimbing deviceFor oil consumption during the climbing of the altitude interval,. DELTA.HClimbing deviceFor the height interval of climbing, Δ TClimbing deviceFor climbing the flight time of the altitude interval, WH-shaped crawlingFuel consumption, T, corresponding to unit climbing heightH-shaped crawlingIs the flight time corresponding to the unit climbing height.
2) Climbing interval + flat flight:
and (3) integrating the selected optimal voyage time cruise section strategies, wherein the average hourly oil consumption of different climbing strategies is as follows:
wherein, WH-shaped crawlingOil consumption, Δ H, corresponding to unit climbing heightClimbing deviceIn order to be able to climb the altitude interval,
Tmax crawlIs the reference time of flight, T, of the altitude intervalH-shaped crawlingTime of flight in units of climbing height, W-Hourly fuel consumption, W, for optimum flight time for target altitudeTmax crawlIs the average hour fuel consumption for this climb strategy.
Through the analysis, average hourly oil consumption under different climbing strategies is compared, the climbing strategy corresponding to the minimum average hourly oil consumption is the optimal time-of-flight climbing strategy of the altitude interval, and the corresponding climbing speed is the optimal time-of-flight climbing speed of the current altitude interval.
By the method, the optimal climbing speed of each altitude interval during the flight is selected, namely a two-dimensional matrix of the altitude interval and the climbing speed is formed, and the matrix is the climbing strategy of the optimal flight profile.
2.3 Down (Interval) strategy selection
Similar to climbing strategies, different descending speeds correspond to different descending rates and flight times, and the specific descending strategies are as follows: two ways of flying horizontally + descending and descending, see fig. 4.
e) Selecting a highly optimized interval Δ HDescendE.g. Δ HDescend1km, i.e. the range of the altitude interval is 1km → 0km, 2km → 1km, 3km → 4km …;
f) in the altitude interval, calculating the flight time of descending the altitude interval under the condition of different descending speeds;
g) selecting the longest flight time in the descending interval as the reference flight time of the altitude interval range, and recording as TDecrease maxUnder other descending strategies, T is achieved through a plane flight and descending strategyDecrease maxThe following can be obtained:
Tdecrease max＝T1 drop+T2 drop
Wherein, T1 dropFor descending flight time, T2 dropThe flight time of the level flight.
h) Selecting the optimal descending speed during the voyage:
at maximum time of flight TDecrease maxAnd taking the flight time as a reference, using different descending strategies (descending/flat flight + descending) to reach the flight time, obtaining the average hour oil consumption of each descending strategy reaching the flight time, and selecting the descending strategy corresponding to the minimum average hour oil consumption as the optimal descending strategy of the altitude interval. The corresponding descending speed in the descending strategy is the optimal time-of-flight descending speed of the current altitude interval. The specific algorithm is as follows:
1) a descending interval:
fuel consumption per unit height drop:
advancing distance per unit height of descent:
wherein, Δ WDescendTo reduce the oil consumption in this height interval, Δ HDescendIs a descending height interval. Delta TDescendFor lowering the flight time of the altitude interval, WH is reducedFuel consumption, T, corresponding to unit lowering heightH is reducedIs the time of flight per unit of descent altitude.
2) Flat flight + descent interval:
average hourly fuel consumption for different descent strategies:
wherein, WH is reducedOil consumption, Δ H, corresponding to unit drop heightDescendIn order to be the descending height interval,
Tmax is decreasedIs the reference time of flight, T, of the altitude intervalH is reducedTime of flight in units of descent height, W-Hourly fuel consumption, W, for optimum flight time for target altitudeTmax decreaseIs the average hourly fuel consumption for this descent strategy.
Through the analysis, average hourly oil consumption under different descending strategies is compared, the descending strategy corresponding to the minimum average hourly oil consumption is the descending strategy of the optimal time of flight in the altitude interval, and the corresponding descending speed is the descending speed of the optimal time of flight in the current altitude interval.
By the method, the optimal descending speed of each altitude interval during the flight is selected, namely a two-dimensional matrix of the altitude interval and the descending speed is formed, and the matrix is the descending strategy of the optimal flight profile.
2.4 Overall cruise segment policy selection
The oil amount of the cruise is divided into n sections, and meanwhile, a convergence Factor is introduced (the convergence Factor is selected according to a specific machine type) to optimize the strategy of the whole cruise section. The specific optimization process comprises the following steps:
d) cruise fuel quantity calculation
And calculating the oil quantity of the cruise section by a climbing (interval) strategy and a descending (interval) strategy in a front-back clamping manner.
4) Climbing segment
And (3) selecting a climbing (interval) strategy to obtain the oil consumption under the optimal climbing strategy in each altitude interval, and accumulating to obtain the oil consumption of the whole climbing section, which is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 climb segment integration
5) Descending section
Through the selection of the descending (interval) strategy, the oil consumption under the optimal descending strategy in each height interval is obtained, and the oil consumption of the whole descending section is obtained through accumulation, which is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 falling segment integration
6) Cruise segment
Removing the oil quantity of the climbing section and the descending section to obtain the oil quantity of the cruise section, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Wpatrol instrument＝W-WClimbing device-WDescend
Wherein, WPatrol instrumentFor the oil consumption of the cruise section, W is the total oil consumption of the flight, WDescendFor oil consumption in the rundown section, WClimbing deviceIs the oil consumption of the climbing section.
e) Cruise strategy at different weights
The cruise oil quantity is divided into n sections, each section of cruise oil quantity obtains an average cruise weight, the optimal cruise speed under the weight is selected through a three-dimensional hourly oil consumption matrix under the height-weight-cruise speed, and cruise of different speeds corresponding to different weights, namely a variable speed cruise strategy, is realized, and the cruise strategy is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 cruise segment integration
f) Optimization of cruise strategy
Under the condition of the same cruising oil quantity, different cruising time T is obtained due to different subsections nPatrol instrument. Through the change of n (namely n is 1,2,3 … i), the cruising time T of different cruising segments is obtained1 when patrol is equal to n，TPatrol 2…TPatrol is equal to i. Meanwhile, a convergence Factor is introduced, and when different segments n cause cruise time to increase by delta TPatrol instrument<<And when the Factor is in use, the strategy of the cruise section is considered to be optimal, and the flight time corresponding to the cruise strategy at the moment is the optimal time of the cruise section.
The convergence Factor is (1-2%) T for a long-endurance aircraftPatrol instrument(ii) a For a shorter aircraft in flight, Factor ═ (2-3%) TPatrol instrument。
2.5 Overall flight Profile optimization
Optimization of the overall flight profile, comprising: climbing section, cruising section and descending section.
a) Climbing segment
Through selection of the climbing (interval) strategy, the optimal climbing speed and the flight time at the speed can be obtained at each altitude interval. Therefore, integration is performed from low altitude → high altitude according to the altitude interval, and the accumulation of the flight time of the whole climbing section is realized, which is shown in table 1.
b) Descending section
Through the selection of the descending (interval) strategy, the optimal descending speed and the flight time at the speed can be obtained in each altitude interval. Therefore, integration is performed from low to high altitude by the altitude interval, and the accumulation of the flight time of the entire descent segment is realized, as shown in table 2.
c) Cruise segment
And obtaining the flight time of the cruise section according to the optimal cruise strategy during the voyage.
In conclusion, the flight time of the climbing section, the flat flight section and the descending section is accumulated, and the optimization scheme for integrating climbing-flat flight-descending full-profile flight time performance is completed.
Claims (6)
1. A method for optimizing the time-of-flight performance integrating climbing, cruising and descending into a whole comprises the following steps:
a. cruise strategy selection at single weight: selecting optimal cruise strategies at different heights and under different weights through calculation and analysis of cruise performance under single weight;
b. selection of climbing section strategy: integrally calculating and optimizing climbing and level flight performance data of the climbing interval to obtain an optimal flight time climbing strategy of the climbing interval;
c. selection of the descending section strategy: integrally calculating and optimizing the descending and flight performance data of the descending interval to obtain an optimal time-of-flight descending strategy of the descending interval;
d. and (3) selecting an overall cruise section strategy: respectively accumulating the oil consumption of the climbing section and the descending section to obtain the oil consumption of the whole climbing section and the oil consumption of the descending section, calculating the oil quantity of the cruise section, then dividing different oil quantity sections, and performing the time-of-flight optimization of the whole cruise section to obtain the time-of-flight of the optimal cruise strategy;
e. and (3) optimizing the time-of-flight performance by integrating climbing-cruising-descending strategies: respectively accumulating the flight time of the climbing section and the descending section to obtain the flight time of the whole climbing section and the descending section; accumulating the flight time segments of the climbing segment, the cruising segment and the descending segment to obtain the optimal flight time of the whole flight profile;
wherein:
the climbing interval strategy is selected as follows:
a) selecting a highly optimized interval Δ HClimbing device；
b) Calculating the flight time of climbing the altitude interval at different climbing speeds within the altitude interval range;
c) selecting the longest flight time in the climbing interval as the reference time of the altitude interval and recording the time as Tmax crawlUnder other climbing strategies, T is achieved through a climbing + flat flight strategymax crawlThe following can be obtained:
Tmax crawl=T1 climb+T2 crawl
Wherein, T1 climbTime of flight for climbing, T2 crawlTime of flight for a level flight;
d) selecting the optimal climbing speed during navigation:
using different climbing strategies, climbing/climbing + level flight to achieve Tmax crawlObtaining the average hour oil consumption of each climbing strategy reaching the flight time, selecting the climbing strategy corresponding to the minimum average hour oil consumption as the optimal time of flight climbing strategy in the altitude interval, wherein the corresponding climbing speed is the optimal time of flight climbing in the current altitude interval;
the descending interval strategy is selected as follows:
two modes of level flight, descending and descending are adopted,
a) selecting a highly optimized interval Δ HDescend；
b) In the altitude interval, calculating the flight time of descending the altitude interval under the condition of different descending speeds;
c) selecting the longest flight time in the descending interval as the altitude areaReference time of flight in the intermediate range, denoted TDecrease maxUnder other descending strategies, T is achieved through a plane flight and descending strategyDecrease maxThe following can be obtained:
Tdecrease max=T1 drop+T2 drop
Wherein, T1 dropFor descending flight time, T2 dropTime of flight for a level flight;
d) selecting the optimal descending speed during the voyage:
taking the longest flight time Tmax as the reference flight time, using different descending strategies to descend/fly flatly and descend to reach the time, obtaining the average hourly oil consumption of each descending strategy reaching the time, selecting the descending strategy corresponding to the minimum average hourly oil consumption as the optimal descending strategy of the altitude interval, wherein the corresponding descending speed is the optimal time-of-flight descending speed of the current altitude interval;
and selecting the optimal descending speed of each altitude interval during the flight, namely forming a two-dimensional matrix of the altitude interval and the descending speed, wherein the matrix is the descending strategy of the optimal flight profile.
2. The method for optimizing time-of-flight performance integrating climb-cruise-descent according to claim 1, wherein the cruise segment strategy under a single weight is selected as follows:
the cruising oil quantity is divided into n sections, n is a variable, different weights are obtained, and the hourly oil consumption under each weight is calculated according to the formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for hourly oil consumption,. DELTA.WPatrol instrumentFor cruise fuel consumption,. DELTA.TPatrol instrumentIs the cruising time;
and forming a three-dimensional hour oil consumption matrix under the altitude-weight-cruising speed to select the minimum hour oil consumption under different altitudes and weights, wherein the speed corresponding to the hour oil consumption is the optimal long-endurance speed under the weight and the altitude.
3. The method for optimizing time-of-flight performance integrating climb-cruise-descent as a whole according to claim 2, wherein the hourly fuel consumption of different weights is obtained by an internal interpolation method for weight variation.
4. The method for optimizing the time-of-flight performance integrating climbing, cruising and descending as a whole according to claim 1, wherein the optimal time-of-flight climbing speed in each altitude interval is selected, namely a two-dimensional matrix of the altitude interval and the climbing speed is formed, and the matrix is the climbing strategy of the optimal time-of-flight profile.
5. The method for optimizing time-of-flight performance integrating climb-cruise-descent according to claim 1, wherein the overall cruise strategy is selected as follows:
a) and (3) calculating the cruising oil quantity, namely calculating the oil quantity of a cruising section by a climbing interval strategy and a descending interval strategy in a front-back clamping manner:
1) selecting a climbing interval strategy to obtain oil consumption under the optimal climbing strategy in each height interval, and accumulating to obtain the oil consumption of the whole climbing section;
2) obtaining the oil consumption under the optimal descending strategy in each height interval through descending interval strategy selection, and accumulating to obtain the oil consumption of the whole descending section;
3) removing the oil quantity of the climbing section and the descending section to obtain the oil quantity of the cruise section;
b) cruise strategy at different weights
Dividing the cruising oil quantity into n sections, obtaining an average cruising weight of each section of cruising oil quantity, and selecting the optimal cruising speed under the weight through a three-dimensional hourly oil consumption matrix under the height-weight-cruising speed to realize cruising of different speeds corresponding to different weights, namely a variable speed cruising strategy;
c) optimization of cruise strategy
Due to the different segments n, different cruising times T are obtainedPatrol instrument(ii) a Obtaining the cruising time T of different cruising segments through the change of nPatrol n =1，TPatrol n =2…TPatrol n = i(ii) a Meanwhile, a convergence Factor is introduced, and when different segments n cause cruise time to increase by delta TPatrol instrument<<At Factor, the strategy of the cruise segment is considered to be optimal.
6. The method for optimizing the time-of-flight performance integrating climbing, cruising and descending as a whole according to claim 1, characterized in that in the optimization of the time-of-flight performance by the comprehensive climbing, cruising and descending strategy, the optimal climbing speed and the flight time at the optimal climbing speed in each altitude interval are obtained through the selection of the climbing interval strategy; integrating according to the height interval from low altitude → high altitude to realize the accumulation of the flight time of the whole climbing section; obtaining the optimal descending speed and the flight time at the optimal descending speed in each altitude interval through descending interval strategy selection; integration is carried out according to the height interval from low altitude → high altitude, and the accumulation of the flight time of the whole descending segment is realized.
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| CN112179350A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-05 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Cruise calculation method based on efficient sequencing algorithm |
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