CN110793858B - Method for measuring bedding mechanical parameters in rock mass - Google Patents

Method for measuring bedding mechanical parameters in rock mass Download PDF

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CN110793858B
CN110793858B CN201911137678.3A CN201911137678A CN110793858B CN 110793858 B CN110793858 B CN 110793858B CN 201911137678 A CN201911137678 A CN 201911137678A CN 110793858 B CN110793858 B CN 110793858B
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bedding
rock
overburden
thickness
mechanical parameters
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CN110793858A (en
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谢财进
饶军应
徐世军
张祥炳
王石光
梅世龙
李仕通
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Guizhou University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
    • G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019—Compressive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
    • G01N2203/0252—Monoaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along a single axis of the specimen
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0298—Manufacturing or preparing specimens

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for measuring bedding mechanical parameters in a rock mass, which is characterized in that the bedding is gradually approximated by reducing the thickness of overlying and underlying rock layers of the bedding, mechanical parameters are measured once every time the bedding is approximated by taking 10mm as a unit, and finally, the bedding mechanical parameters are obtained by linear fitting. The method utilizes an infinite approximation mode to carry out uniaxial compression test on rock samples with different thicknesses of overlying and underlying rock layers, and finally obtains the bedding mechanical parameters through fitting so as to solve the problem that the bedding mechanical parameters are difficult to directly measure in the background technology.

Description

Method for measuring bedding mechanical parameters in rock mass
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring physiological mechanical parameters in a rock mass, and belongs to the technical field of rock mechanical parameter measurement.
Background
With the continuous promotion and the continuous perfection of national infrastructure engineering, the geological conditions encountered in actual engineering are more and more complex, the geological conditions of the bedding rock are frequent, and the bedding mechanical parameters of the bedding rock need to be measured in order to know the mechanical parameters of all rock strata and effectively guarantee the safety and the reliability of construction.
Because most regions have small bedding thickness, the bedding rock samples which can be directly subjected to mechanical tests are difficult to collect, and the bedding mechanical parameters are difficult to know. However, geological formations with bedding are often encountered in slope and underground engineering in southwest, and in order to better understand the stability of surrounding rocks of bedding rock mass and corresponding support countermeasures, it is urgently needed to find out the mechanical parameters corresponding to bedding and rock quality. Only by determining the bedding and rock mechanical parameters, the design is more reasonable, and the construction is safer and more reliable.
At present, no corresponding method is provided for measuring the bedding mechanical parameters in the rock mass, so how to effectively measure the bedding mechanical parameters in the rock mass becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for measuring bedding mechanical parameters in a rock mass. The method utilizes an infinite approximation mode to carry out uniaxial compression test on rock samples with different thicknesses of overlying and underlying rock layers, and finally obtains the bedding mechanical parameters through fitting so as to solve the problem that the bedding mechanical parameters are difficult to directly measure in the background technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for measuring the bedding mechanical parameters in rock mass includes such steps as collecting or making basically same rock sample, cutting the thickness of bedding overburden and bedding overburden to make the rock sample approach the bedding gradually, measuring the mechanical parameters once for each cutting, and linear fitting.
In the method for measuring the bedding mechanical parameters in the rock mass, the specific measuring method of the mechanical parameters comprises the following steps:
A. taking a plurality of groups of rock samples, carrying out uniaxial compression tests on the rock samples with different thicknesses of the bedding overlying strata and the bedding underlying strata, reading strain values of compression equipment, obtaining compression strength values, transverse strain values and longitudinal strain values of the rock samples, and carrying out data recording and sorting;
B. calculating the elastic modulus E and Poisson ratio upsilon corresponding to each rock sample, and obtaining a bedding mechanical parameter through linear fitting;
Figure BDA0002279998260000021
sigma is a compressive strength value, and epsilon is a strain value;
Figure BDA0002279998260000022
vis Poisson's ratio, epsilonhFor transverse strain,. epsilonvIs the longitudinal strain.
In the method for measuring the bedding mechanical parameters in the rock mass, each rock sample for the test is the same rock quality and basically the same thickness as the bedding overburden rock and the bedding overburden rock, and the bedding thickness and the bedding angle are also the same.
In the method for measuring the bedding mechanical parameters in the rock mass, when the rock sample is sampled, the sampling angle is controlled so that the bedding of the rock sample is in a horizontal direction.
In the method for determining the bedding mechanical parameters in the rock mass, the concrete mode of the step a is that five groups of rock samples are taken by taking a cylindrical rock sample with the diameter of 50mm multiplied by 100mm (the diameter is multiplied by the height) as a standard, the bedding thickness of each group of rock samples is 20mm, the thickness of the rock sample is 10mm as a unit, bedding overlying strata and bedding underlying strata are reduced one by one, the thickness of the rock sample is reduced to be 30mm, 20mm and 10mm, and the rock samples of the bedding overlying strata and the bedding underlying strata with different reduced thicknesses are subjected to a uniaxial compression test to obtain the compression strength value, the transverse strain value and the longitudinal strain value of the rock sample.
In the method for measuring the bedding mechanical parameters in the rock mass, after the bedding overburden stratum and the bedding overburden stratum of the rock sample are cut down by taking 10mm as a unit, a cylindrical steel pad with the same thickness as the cut-down is respectively arranged on the upper surface of the bedding overburden stratum and the lower surface of the bedding overburden stratum.
In the foregoing method of determining a bedding mechanical parameter in a rock mass, the bedding overburden and the bedding overburden cut down to a maximum thickness that should be avoided to cross the bedding plane.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method capable of measuring the physiological mechanical parameters in the rock mass, and finally provides a detailed scheme based on rock test regulations issued by the State railway administration. The rock sample size of uniaxial compression test specified in the rock test regulation is 50mm multiplied by 100mm, and the method of the invention achieves the effect of approaching the bedding by continuously reducing the thickness of overlying and underlying rock layers of the bedding. This rock specimen size after cutting down will no longer be standard rock specimen size, and the data that the unipolar compression experiment surveyed are also inaccurate, for avoiding this kind of condition to produce for the transmission path of stress in the rock specimen is basically unchangeable, and when the bedding covered, lower overburden thickness reduces, just each pad on the upper and lower surface of rock specimen with cut down the same rigid cushion layer of thickness, make and standard rock specimen size basically the same, just so can guarantee the accuracy of the gained data of unipolar compression experiment. The compressive strength values and the transverse and longitudinal strain values of the rock samples are measured, then the obtained data are sorted and analyzed, the elastic modulus and the Poisson ratio corresponding to each rock sample are calculated, and finally, the bedding mechanical parameters are obtained through linear fitting. The method provides effective data parameters for the management of the bedding rock slope, the excavation of the bedding surrounding rock tunnel and the like, and when geological conditions (the management of the bedding rock slope, the excavation of the bedding surrounding rock tunnel and the like) in actual engineering meet the bedding rock mass, the mechanical parameters of all rock strata can be known through the method, so that the safety and the reliability of construction can be effectively guaranteed, the method can provide necessary design and construction parameters for the method, the safety of construction can be improved, and the construction cost can be effectively controlled.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a rock sample being tested using a rock testing machine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an undamped rock sample;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rock sample in which a bedding overburden rock layer and a bedding overburden rock layer are cut by 10mm and are respectively padded with a steel pad with the thickness of 10 mm;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a rock sample in which a bedding overburden rock layer and a bedding overburden rock layer are cut by 20mm and are respectively padded with a steel pad with a thickness of 20 mm;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a rock sample in which a bedding overburden layer and a bedding overburden layer are cut down by 30mm and are padded with steel pads each having a thickness of 30 mm.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: a method for measuring the mechanical parameters of bedding in rock mass is disclosed, as shown in figure 1-5, collecting or making basically same rock sample, the structure of the rock sample is shown in figure 2, the middle layer is bedding, and the upper and lower parts of the bedding are respectively bedding overlying strata and bedding underlying strata with the same thickness. The thickness of the rock sample gradually approaches to the bedding by reducing the thicknesses of the overlying strata and the underlying strata of the bedding, mechanical parameters are measured for the rock sample once the thickness of the rock sample is reduced once, and finally, the obtained mechanical parameters are subjected to linear fitting to obtain the bedding mechanical parameters.
The specific measuring method of the mechanical parameters comprises the following steps:
A. taking a plurality of groups of rock samples, carrying out uniaxial compression test on the rock samples with different thicknesses by using a rock testing machine after cutting down the bedding overburden and the bedding overburden to obtain a bedding overburden rock layer, directly reading a strain value of the rock testing machine in the testing process or installing a displacement sensor on the rock testing machine so as to obtain a required strain value, obtaining a compression strength value, a transverse strain value and a longitudinal strain value of the rock sample through the uniaxial compression test, and carrying out data recording and sorting;
B. calculating the elastic modulus E and Poisson ratio upsilon corresponding to rock samples with different thicknesses, and obtaining bedding mechanical parameters through linear fitting;
Figure BDA0002279998260000041
sigma is a compressive strength value, and epsilon is a strain value;
Figure BDA0002279998260000042
vis Poisson's ratio, epsilonhIs a transverse strain ofvIs the longitudinal strain.
In the sampling process, a rock sample is taken out at a specific core drilling sampling angle by using a sampling machine with the diameter of 50mm, then cutting and polishing are carried out, and the bedding overlying strata and the bedding underlying strata of each rock sample for carrying out the test are ensured to be of the same rock quality and have the same thickness, so that the bedding is positioned in the middle of the rock sample, and the bedding thickness and the bedding angle are the same. If the lithologies of the overburden and the bedding strata are very different or the thicknesses and angles are different, the measured mechanical parameters are actually of multiple materials, so that the obtained result has great error. And when the rock sample is sampled, the control strata are all in the horizontal direction, and finally the rock sample similar to the rock sample shown in the figure 2 is obtained. The purpose of this is to make the variable of the bedding angle easy to control, so that the actual parameters of the bedding are not influenced by other excessive factors.
The concrete mode of the step A is that five groups of rock samples are taken by taking cylindrical rock samples with the diameter of 50mm multiplied by 100mm (the diameter is multiplied by the height) as a standard, the bedding thickness in each group of rock samples is 20mm, the bedding overlying strata thickness is 40mm, and the bedding underlying strata thickness is 40 mm. The thickness of the rock sample is 10mm, namely the bedding overburden rock stratum is reduced from 40mm to 30mm, 20mm and 10mm, the bedding overburden rock stratum is reduced while the bedding overburden rock stratum is reduced, and the bedding overburden rock stratum is also reduced from 40mm to 30mm, 20mm and 10 mm. Therefore, the thickness of the rock sample is sequentially changed into 80mm, 60mm and 40mm from 100mm, uniaxial compression tests are respectively carried out on each group of rock samples with different thicknesses of 100mm, 80mm, 60mm and 40mm, and the compressive strength value, the transverse strain value and the longitudinal strain value corresponding to the rock samples with different thicknesses are obtained.
After the bedding overburden stratum and the bedding overburden stratum are reduced by taking 10mm as a unit, a cylindrical steel pad with the same reduction thickness as that of the bedding overburden stratum is respectively arranged on the upper surface of the bedding overburden stratum and the lower surface of the bedding overburden stratum. The bedding overburden is not padded with a steel pad when the thickness of the bedding overburden is 40mm, a steel pad with the thickness of 10mm is padded when the thickness of the bedding overburden is reduced to 10mm to 30mm, a steel pad with the thickness of 20mm is padded when the thickness of 20mm to 20mm is reduced, a steel pad with the thickness of 30mm is padded when the thickness of 30mm to 10mm is reduced, and the bedding overburden is also the same treatment mode. The steel pad diameter is also 50mm the same as the rock sample diameter. The steel pad is used for ensuring that the relative positions of the bedding and the rock mechanical testing machine are unchanged when the thicknesses of the bedding overburden and the bedding overburden are reduced one by taking 10mm as a unit.
The whole scheme is simple and generalized, namely, the thickness of five groups of bedding is 20mm, the bedding is horizontal bedding, the thickness of the bedding overburden and the bedding overburden thickness are respectively the compressive strength value, the transverse strain value and the longitudinal strain value of 40mm, 30mm, 20mm and 10mm rock samples, then the obtained data are sorted and analyzed, the elastic modulus and the Poisson ratio corresponding to each rock sample are calculated, and finally, the bedding mechanical parameters are obtained through linear fitting.

Claims (1)

1. A method for measuring bedding mechanical parameters in rock mass is characterized in that: collecting or manufacturing basically identical rock samples, gradually approaching the bedding through reducing the thicknesses of the bedding overburden rock and the bedding overburden rock, measuring mechanical parameters of the rock samples once every time of reduction, and finally obtaining bedding mechanical parameters through linear fitting;
the specific measuring method of the mechanical parameters comprises the following steps:
A. taking a plurality of groups of rock samples, carrying out uniaxial compression test on the rock samples with different thicknesses for cutting down the bedding overburden and the bedding overburden, reading the strain value of compression equipment, obtaining the compression strength value, the transverse strain value and the longitudinal strain value of the rock samples, and carrying out data recording and sorting;
B. calculating the corresponding elastic modulus of each rock sampleEAnd poisson's ratioυObtaining a bedding mechanical parameter through linear fitting;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，σin order to be a value of the compressive strength,εis a strain value;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
；ᵥin order to obtain the poisson ratio of the fiber,ε hin order to be subjected to a transverse strain,ε vis longitudinal strain;
for each rock sample subjected to the test, the bedding overburden stratum and the bedding overburden stratum are the same rock quality and have basically the same thickness, the bedding thickness and the bedding angle are also the same, and when the rock sample is sampled, the sampling angle is controlled so that the bedding of the taken rock sample is in a horizontal direction;
the concrete mode of the step A is that a cylindrical rock sample with the thickness of 50mm multiplied by 100mm (the diameter multiplied by the height) is taken as a standard, five groups of rock samples are taken, the bedding thickness of each group of rock sample is 20mm, the thickness of the rock sample is reduced by taking 10mm as a unit one by one, the bedding overburden strata and the bedding overburden strata are reduced to the thickness of 30mm, 20mm and 10mm, the rock samples of the bedding overburden strata and the bedding overburden strata with different thicknesses are subjected to uniaxial compression test to obtain the compressive strength value, the transverse strain value and the longitudinal strain value, and after the bedding overburden strata and the bedding strata of the rock sample are reduced by taking 10mm as a unit, one cylindrical steel cushion with the same reduction thickness is respectively arranged on the upper surface of the bedding strata and the lower surface of the bedding strata.
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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102768224A (en) * 2012-08-07 2012-11-07 南京理工大学 Testing method for testing solid-solid contact thermal resistance by using forward and reverse bidirectional heat flux method
CN103926129A (en) * 2014-05-04 2014-07-16 中南大学 Method for copying joint waviness by artificial rock material and experimental method
CN105628486A (en) * 2014-10-30 2016-06-01 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Method and device for measuring shale rock mechanical properties
CN109839406A (en) * 2019-03-27 2019-06-04 桂林电子科技大学 A kind of high precision measurement method of interface contact heat resistance
CN109870397A (en) * 2019-04-02 2019-06-11 贵州大学 Isothermal adsorption deformation testing device and test method under the conditions of a kind of mixed gas
CN110174307A (en) * 2019-04-25 2019-08-27 华北水利水电大学 Parameter identification method based on transverse isotropic rockmass three-dimensional creep model

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102768224A (en) * 2012-08-07 2012-11-07 南京理工大学 Testing method for testing solid-solid contact thermal resistance by using forward and reverse bidirectional heat flux method
CN103926129A (en) * 2014-05-04 2014-07-16 中南大学 Method for copying joint waviness by artificial rock material and experimental method
CN105628486A (en) * 2014-10-30 2016-06-01 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Method and device for measuring shale rock mechanical properties
CN109839406A (en) * 2019-03-27 2019-06-04 桂林电子科技大学 A kind of high precision measurement method of interface contact heat resistance
CN109870397A (en) * 2019-04-02 2019-06-11 贵州大学 Isothermal adsorption deformation testing device and test method under the conditions of a kind of mixed gas
CN110174307A (en) * 2019-04-25 2019-08-27 华北水利水电大学 Parameter identification method based on transverse isotropic rockmass three-dimensional creep model

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