CN110793819A - Active soil gas sampling device suitable for shallow underground water burial depth area - Google Patents
Active soil gas sampling device suitable for shallow underground water burial depth area Download PDFInfo
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- CN110793819A CN110793819A CN201910957845.2A CN201910957845A CN110793819A CN 110793819 A CN110793819 A CN 110793819A CN 201910957845 A CN201910957845 A CN 201910957845A CN 110793819 A CN110793819 A CN 110793819A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
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Abstract
The invention provides an active soil gas sampling device suitable for a shallow underground water burial depth area, which comprises a soil gas sampling head, wherein the soil gas sampling head comprises a slotted sieve tube, an upper pipe cap and a lower pipe cap; the upper pipe cap and the lower pipe cap are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the slotted sieve pipe, a socket for inserting the air guide pipe is formed in the upper pipe cap, the air inlet end of the air guide pipe is inserted into the socket, and the air guide pipe is fixed on the upper pipe cap through a Teflon sealing film; the soil gas sampling head also comprises a waterproof breathable film, the waterproof breathable film is covered on the periphery of the slotted sieve tube, and the waterproof breathable film is fixed on the air guide tube through a Teflon sealing film; the soil gas sampling head is embedded in the quartz sand bottom layer; the sampling device is characterized by further comprising an air exhaust assembly, wherein the air exhaust assembly comprises a vacuum box, a sampling bag and an air exhaust pump, an air exhaust port and a sample inlet are formed in the outer side of the vacuum box, an air guide joint is arranged on the inner side of the vacuum box, and the air guide joint is connected with the sampling bag. This patent has avoided the intake of groundwater through the setting of waterproof ventilated membrane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environment, in particular to a soil gas sampling device.
Background
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the environment are a wide source of pollution, such as oil extraction, chemical industry, printing, ink jet, etc., and the generated VOCs are easily deposited in soil.
After the volatile organic pollutants enter the soil, the soil characteristics can be changed, the agricultural production is influenced, and the water quality safety of underground water sources can be threatened, so that the harm is generated to the human health. The collection of VOCs in soil is the basis of researching the degree of influence of VOCs on human bodies, and samples capable of reflecting actual conditions in soil are collected in a highly feasible, efficient and effective mode under the condition that disturbed soil is reduced as much as possible and the structure of the soil is not damaged when the VOCs in the soil are collected.
In recent years, when experts at home and abroad evaluate the pollution of the VOCs in the soil, the experts do not recommend to evaluate the concentrations of the VOCs in the soil sample and the underground water sample, and the experts tend to collect the soil gas sample and adopt the actual measurement concentration of the VOCs in the sample for risk evaluation. The soil gas sampling method is characterized in that gas in a soil aeration zone is collected, chromatographic analysis of gas components is carried out, effective information of toxicity caused by pollution in the gas components can be extracted according to the analysis result, and the existence, composition, source and distribution conditions of pollutants can be determined.
At present, the soil collection device has various types, and different devices are suitable for different geological environments. Because the groundwater burial depth in the long triangle coastal area is shallow and unstable, when the existing soil gas well is adopted to sample gas in soil, groundwater is inevitably pumped into the sampler because the groundwater level depth is not estimated. The obtained sample has deviation from the real situation of the gas in the soil, so that the gas detection result and the evaluation result of the VOCs pollution in the soil are influenced.
Through search, an active soil gas collecting device is available at present, for example, the application with the Chinese patent application number of 201720957150.0 discloses a layered soil gas collecting device, which collects and monitors the gas in the soil at different depths by utilizing a plurality of groups of gas collecting pipes and corresponding gas inlet pipes and gas outlet pipes. Also, for example, the application No. 201120355808.3 in the chinese patent application discloses a soil gas sampling device for petroleum pollution detection in aeration zone soil, which combines a soil gas sampler, a flow control system, and a sample collection system to collect soil gas, and can qualitatively determine whether there is underground petroleum pollution, pollution range, and pollution source location in a gas station.
None of the above patents have means to prevent the misunderstanding of groundwater, which is highly likely to cause misalignment of the apparatus or even damage due to misunderstanding of groundwater.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an active soil gas sampling device suitable for a region with shallow underground water burial depth, and aims to solve the technical problem that the existing soil gas sampling device cannot prevent underground water from being mined by mistake.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the active soil gas sampling device suitable for the shallow underground water buried area comprises a soil gas sampling head, and is characterized in that the soil gas sampling head comprises a slotted sieve tube with openings at the upper end and the lower end, an upper pipe cap for sealing the upper end of the slotted sieve tube and a lower pipe cap for sealing the lower end of the slotted sieve tube;
the upper pipe cap and the lower pipe cap are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the slotted sieve pipe, a socket for inserting an air guide pipe is formed in the upper pipe cap, the air inlet end of the air guide pipe is inserted into the socket, and the air guide pipe is fixed on the upper pipe cap through a Teflon sealing film;
the soil gas sampling head also comprises a waterproof breathable film, the waterproof breathable film is covered on the periphery of the slotted sieve tube, and the waterproof breathable film is fixed on the air guide tube through a Teflon sealing film;
the soil gas sampling head is embedded in the quartz sand bottom layer;
still include the subassembly of bleeding, the subassembly of bleeding includes vacuum box, sampling bag and aspiration pump, the vacuum box outside is equipped with the extraction opening that is used for connecting the aspiration pump and is used for connecting the inlet opening of air duct, the inboard of vacuum box be equipped with the air guide joint of inlet opening butt joint, the air guide joint with the sampling bag links to each other.
This patent is through optimizing soil gas sampling device, when being convenient for realize soil gas and gathering, through the setting of waterproof ventilated membrane, has avoided the intake of groundwater. When this device was gathered, opened the aspiration pump and bled, made the interior negative pressure that forms of vacuum chamber, because of gaseous trend that collects from high pressure to low pressure, therefore the gaseous meeting in the soil can be collected in the sampling bag to the vacuum chamber.
The soil gas sampling head is embedded in the quartz sand bottom layer, so that the waterproof and breathable film is protected conveniently.
Preferably, the gas-guide tube-fixing device further comprises a well platform fixed on the ground, wherein a through hole penetrating up and down is formed in the well platform, a sleeve is fixed in the through hole, and a channel of the sleeve is used as a channel for the gas-guide tube to pass through.
The guide and the support of the air duct are convenient to realize.
Further preferably, a bentonite layer is laid between the quartz sand bottom layer and the well platform.
The bentonite can obstruct the interference of surface water to the air duct.
Further preferably, the thickness of the quartz sand bottom layer is 28cm-35 cm;
the thickness of the quartz sand bottom layer in the area below the sampling head is 8cm-12 cm.
Further preferably, the thickness of the bentonite layer is 45cm-55 cm.
Further preferably, the well head is a concrete well head.
Further preferably, the height of the well platform is 20cm, and the top of the well platform is 15cm higher than the ground;
the casing pipe is 30cm higher than the ground and 15cm higher than the well platform.
The guide of the air duct is convenient.
Further preferably, the air duct is a polytetrafluoroethylene hose with an inner diameter of 2 mm. The length of the pipe is determined according to the soil gas detection depth and the depth of the aeration zone.
Further preferably, the slotted screen is made of hard PVC.
Further preferably, the material of the sleeve is rigid PVC.
Further preferably, the sampling bag is a tedlar sampling bag.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a soil gas sampling head according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 is a soil gas sampling head, 2 is a quartz sand bottom layer, 3 is a bentonite layer, 4 is a sleeve, 5 is a sampling bag, 6 is a vacuum box, 7 is an air pump, 8 is an air duct, 11 is a waterproof ventilated membrane, and 12 is a Teflon sealing membrane.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In specific embodiment 1, referring to fig. 1, an active soil gas sampling device suitable for a shallow groundwater burial depth region comprises a soil gas sampling head 1, wherein the soil gas sampling head 1 comprises a slotted sieve tube with openings at the upper end and the lower end, an upper pipe cap for sealing the upper end of the slotted sieve tube and a lower pipe cap for sealing the lower end of the slotted sieve tube; the length of the slotted sieve tube is 15cm, and the inner diameter is 50 mm; the upper pipe cap and the lower pipe cap are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the slotted sieve pipe, a socket for inserting the air guide pipe is formed in the upper pipe cap, the air inlet end of the air guide pipe is inserted into the socket, and the air guide pipe 8 is fixed on the upper pipe cap through a Teflon sealing film. The upper pipe cap and the lower pipe cap are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the slotted screen pipe in a welding mode or detachably connected through threads. In order to improve the fixing effect, a blind hole with an internal thread is formed on the upper pipe cap. The air duct is provided with a boss extending outwards, and the boss is provided with a threaded hole opposite to the blind hole. The air duct is connected with the upper pipe cap through screws which sequentially penetrate through the bosses and the blind holes. The fixing effect of the air duct is ensured.
The soil gas sampling head 1 further comprises a waterproof breathable film 11, the waterproof breathable film 11 covers the periphery of the slotted sieve tube, and the waterproof breathable film 11 is fixed on the gas guide tube 8 through a Teflon sealing film 12;
the well platform is used for being fixed on the ground, and a through hole which penetrates through the well platform from top to bottom is formed in the well platform. The height of the well platform is 20cm, and the top of the well platform is 15cm higher than the ground. A sleeve 4 is fixed in the through hole, and a channel of the sleeve 4 is used as a channel for the air duct to pass through. The casing 4 is 30cm above the ground and 15cm above the well platform. The well is a concrete well.
The soil gas sampling head 1 is buried in the quartz sand bottom layer 2. The thickness of the quartz sand bottom layer is 28cm-35 cm; the thickness of the quartz sand bottom layer in the area below the sampling head is 8cm-12 cm.
And a bentonite layer 3 is laid between the quartz sand bottom layer 2 and the well platform. The thickness of the bentonite layer 3 is 50 cm.
Still including the subassembly of bleeding, the subassembly of bleeding includes vacuum box 6, sampling bag 5 and aspiration pump 7, and the 6 outsides of vacuum box are equipped with the extraction opening that is used for connecting aspiration pump 7 and are used for connecting the introduction port of air duct, and the inboard of vacuum box 6 is equipped with the air guide joint with the introduction port butt joint, and the air guide joint links to each other with sampling bag 5.
This patent is through optimizing soil gas sampling device, when being convenient for realize soil gas and gathering, through the setting of waterproof ventilated membrane, has avoided the intake of groundwater. When the device collects, the air pump 7 is started to pump air, so that negative pressure is formed in the vacuum box 6, and gas tends to collect from high pressure to low pressure, so that the gas in the soil can collect in the sampling bag 5 in the vacuum box 6.
The soil gas sampling head 1 is embedded in the quartz sand bottom layer 2, so that the waterproof and breathable film is protected conveniently.
The air duct is a polytetrafluoroethylene hose with the inner diameter of 2 mm. The length of the pipe is determined according to the soil gas detection depth and the depth of the aeration zone.
The material of the slotted screen pipe is hard PVC.
The material of the sleeve 4 is rigid PVC.
The sampling bag 5 is a tedlar sampling bag.
The installation process of the device is as follows:
1. drilling a hole with the inner diameter of 220mm and the depth of 1m by using spiral drilling equipment;
2. paving a quartz sand bottom layer 2 with the thickness of 10cm at the bottom of the hole by using quartz sand, and putting a soil gas sampling head 1;
3. continuously pouring quartz sand until the quartz sand is buried in the soil gas sampling head 1;
4. covering bentonite above the quartz sand layer, wherein the thickness of the bentonite layer is 3 cm;
5. and a well platform is arranged above the bentonite, the height of the well platform is 20cm, and the well platform is 15cm higher than the ground. And a sleeve 4 is installed, wherein the sleeve 4 is 30cm higher than the ground and 15cm higher than the well platform base.
The device is applied to detect the gas in the aeration zone soil, and comprises the following specific steps:
1. the air guide pipe is connected with the sample inlet of the vacuum box through a silica gel hose, the air exhaust port of the vacuum box is connected with an air exhaust pump, and the air guide joint is connected with a Tydlar sampling bag.
2. And starting the air pump to pump air and wash the well, so that negative pressure is formed in the vacuum box, and the gas tends to be collected from high pressure to low pressure, so that the gas in the soil can be collected into the Tydlar sampling bag in the vacuum box.
And 3, taking out the tedlar sampling bag from the vacuum box, opening a valve at an interface of the tedlar sampling bag, and expelling the gas in the tedlar sampling bag by using an external force. And connecting the sampling bag and the air guide joint again. The vacuum box was closed. The pump was turned on again and the well was washed 3 times.
4. And after the well is washed, replacing the Tyndah sampling bag, pumping air by using an air pump to enable the vacuum box to form negative pressure, and collecting gas in the soil into the Tyndah sampling bag. When the sampling bag is filled with the collected gas (about 1L of gas), the vacuum box is opened, the valve of the sampling bag is closed, and the Tydlar sampling bag is taken out to finish sampling.
The late stage tedlar sampling bags were analyzed and detected by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HJ 759-2015).
The structure of this patent is applicable to the collection of the soil gas in the more shallow region of groundwater buried depth such as long triangle. The risk that underground water enters the collecting device is effectively avoided.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The active soil gas sampling device suitable for the shallow underground water buried area comprises a soil gas sampling head, and is characterized in that the soil gas sampling head comprises a slotted sieve tube with openings at the upper end and the lower end, an upper pipe cap for sealing the upper end of the slotted sieve tube and a lower pipe cap for sealing the lower end of the slotted sieve tube;
the upper pipe cap and the lower pipe cap are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the slotted sieve pipe, a socket for inserting an air guide pipe is formed in the upper pipe cap, the air inlet end of the air guide pipe is inserted into the socket, and the air guide pipe is fixed on the upper pipe cap through a Teflon sealing film;
the soil gas sampling head also comprises a waterproof breathable film, the waterproof breathable film is covered on the periphery of the slotted sieve tube, and the waterproof breathable film is fixed on the air guide tube through a Teflon sealing film;
the soil gas sampling head is embedded in the quartz sand bottom layer;
still include the subassembly of bleeding, the subassembly of bleeding includes vacuum box, sampling bag and aspiration pump, the vacuum box outside is equipped with the extraction opening that is used for connecting the aspiration pump and is used for connecting the inlet opening of air duct, the inboard of vacuum box be equipped with the air guide joint of inlet opening butt joint, the air guide joint with the sampling bag links to each other.
2. The active soil gas sampling device of claim 1, wherein said device is adapted for use in areas with shallow groundwater depths, said device comprising: the gas guide pipe fixing device is characterized by further comprising a well platform used for being fixed on the ground, a through hole penetrating through the well platform is formed in the well platform, a sleeve is fixed in the through hole, and a channel of the sleeve is used as a channel for the gas guide pipe to penetrate through.
3. The active soil gas sampling device of claim 2, wherein said device is adapted for use in areas with shallow groundwater depths, said device comprising: and a bentonite layer is laid between the quartz sand bottom layer and the well platform.
4. The active soil gas sampling device of claim 1, wherein said device is adapted for use in areas with shallow groundwater depths, said device comprising: the thickness of the quartz sand bottom layer is 28cm-35 cm;
the thickness of the quartz sand bottom layer in the area below the sampling head is 8cm-12 cm.
5. The active soil gas sampling device of claim 1, wherein said device is adapted for use in areas with shallow groundwater depths, said device comprising: the thickness of the bentonite layer is 45cm-55 cm.
6. The active soil gas sampling device of claim 1, wherein said device is adapted for use in areas with shallow groundwater depths, said device comprising: the well platform is a concrete well platform.
7. The active soil gas sampling device of claim 2, wherein said device is adapted for use in areas with shallow groundwater depths, said device comprising: the height of the well platform is 20cm, and the top of the well platform is 15cm higher than the ground;
the casing pipe is 30cm higher than the ground and 15cm higher than the well platform.
8. The active soil gas sampling device of claim 1, wherein said device is adapted for use in areas with shallow groundwater depths, said device comprising: the air duct is a polytetrafluoroethylene hose with the inner diameter of 2 mm.
9. The active soil gas sampling device of claim 1, wherein said device is adapted for use in areas with shallow groundwater depths, said device comprising: the slotted screen pipe is made of hard PVC.
10. The active soil gas sampling device of claim 2, wherein said device is adapted for use in areas with shallow groundwater depths, said device comprising: the sleeve is made of hard PVC.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910957845.2A CN110793819A (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2019-10-10 | Active soil gas sampling device suitable for shallow underground water burial depth area |
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| CN201910957845.2A CN110793819A (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2019-10-10 | Active soil gas sampling device suitable for shallow underground water burial depth area |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113049318A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-29 | 新疆水清清环境监测技术服务有限公司 | Soil gas sampling device and sampling method for soil petroleum pollution detection |
| CN117367897A (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2024-01-09 | 南通仁隆科研仪器有限公司 | Self-sealing type coalbed methane sampling device |
-
2019
- 2019-10-10 CN CN201910957845.2A patent/CN110793819A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113049318A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-29 | 新疆水清清环境监测技术服务有限公司 | Soil gas sampling device and sampling method for soil petroleum pollution detection |
| CN117367897A (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2024-01-09 | 南通仁隆科研仪器有限公司 | Self-sealing type coalbed methane sampling device |
| CN117367897B (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2024-06-25 | 南通仁隆科研仪器有限公司 | Self-sealing type coalbed methane sampling device |
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