CN110793799B - Cable cover and cable support combined loading test device and method for simulating internal pressure load - Google Patents
Cable cover and cable support combined loading test device and method for simulating internal pressure load Download PDFInfo
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- CN110793799B CN110793799B CN201911159402.5A CN201911159402A CN110793799B CN 110793799 B CN110793799 B CN 110793799B CN 201911159402 A CN201911159402 A CN 201911159402A CN 110793799 B CN110793799 B CN 110793799B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/007—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by applying a load, e.g. for resistance or wear testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cable cover and cable support combined loading test device and method for simulating internal pressure load, belonging to the technical field of static test of solid rocket engine structures and comprising the following steps: a tooling plate for loading and two loading connecting rods; more than two plate springs are stacked and arranged on the lower surface of the loading area of the cable cover from top to bottom in the order of decreasing width; the two loading connecting rods are arranged on a symmetrical line of the loading tooling plate, and after each loading connecting rod sequentially penetrates through the cable cover and more than two plate springs, the bottom ends of the loading connecting rods are fixedly connected with the plate spring positioned at the lowest part, the top ends of the loading connecting rods are connected with concentrated static loading equipment, the concentrated static loading equipment provides upward tensile force for the loading connecting rods, and then the rest plate springs are tightly pressed on the lower surface of the cable cover; the invention can accurately simulate the working condition of the internal pressure load uniformly distributed on the cable cover-cable support by utilizing the concentrated static force loading equipment; the test method is scientific and reliable, and the test cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of static test of solid rocket engine structures, and particularly relates to a cable cover and cable support combined loading test device and method for simulating internal pressure load.
Background
A submarine-based missile launcher occupies an important position in the strategic weapon layout of China, is different from a land-based missile launcher, and is launched underwater, the pressure equalization is carried out in a launcher before launching, namely, the launcher is filled with gas with certain pressure, in the launching process, when a missile leaves the launcher, a cable cover and a cable support structure on the surface of a missile body bear larger load due to a cavitation effect, and if the bearing capacity cannot meet the requirement, the cable in the cable cover can be damaged, so that the whole missile body has a control problem. In order to ensure the complete structure of the cable cover and the cable support in the water outlet process and the reliable connection between the cable support and the surface of the engine, the cable cover and the cable support structure need to have certain bearing capacity, and the cable cover and the cable support structure have important significance in the test verification of the bearing capacity of the cable support and the cable cover structure. The cable cover installation is schematically shown in fig. 1.
For a solid rocket engine, a cable support (a cable cover is an integral part of the bullet) is an important component of the solid rocket engine, and the requirements of the geometric dimension, the bearing capacity and the like of the integral bullet need to be met, namely the geometric dimension of the cable support meets the connection requirement with the cable cover, and meanwhile, the cable support needs to be reliably connected with the surface of the engine. Generally speaking, four quadrants on the surface of the engine cylinder 3 (i.e. the cylindrical part) are respectively distributed with a plurality of pairs of cable supports 2 along the axial direction, and the cable supports 2 are symmetrical about the axial section, each quadrant is provided with a cable cover 1, the distribution and the position of the cable cover 1 are shown in the attached drawing 1, and the cable cover 1 is connected with the cable support 2 through bolts for protecting the internal cables, which is shown in the attached drawing 2. During the engine water outlet process, the cable cover 1 bears the internal pressure load in an even distribution mode and transmits the load to the cable support 2, and the attached figure 3 shows the load.
In order to design and optimize the cable support, the failure mode and the bearing capacity of the cable support under a load condition need to be determined, and the main way is to carry out a load test of the cable support. There are two existing verification approaches: one is to model and calculate and analyze the cable cover-cable support structure, convert the uniform load of the cable cover and the cable support surface into the concentrated and unidirectional load of the cable support, and only carry out the test verification of each divided load on the single cable support during the test. The method has the advantages that the static load test of the concentrated force is easy to implement, the test requirements of the conventional cable support can be met, the test method is mature, the test process is stable and reliable, the test cost is low, and the method can be assisted by common static test equipment; the method has the disadvantages that the safety factor needs to be considered when the theoretical conversion of the load is carried out, the converted static load is higher, so that the design scheme of the cable support is heavier, in addition, the theoretical analysis has certain difference with the actual situation, so that the converted concentrated load cannot be equivalent to the actual situation, and sometimes, the result opposite to the actual situation occurs; the other method is to load the cable cover-cable support connecting structure by using the air bag, and the method has the advantages that uniform load can be accurately simulated, but has the disadvantages that the air bag needs to be customized according to specific size, the test cost is about twenty thousand, and the test cost is higher, so the method is less in use.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a cable cover and cable support combined loading test device and method for simulating internal pressure load, which can accurately simulate the working condition of internal pressure load uniformly distributed on a cable cover-cable support by using concentrated static loading equipment; the test method is scientific and reliable, and the test cost is low.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a cable cover and cable support combined loading test device for simulating internal pressure load comprises: a tooling plate for loading and two loading connecting rods;
the tool plate for loading comprises more than two plate springs, the more than two plate springs are rectangular flat plates with the same length, and the widths of the plate springs are gradually reduced;
more than two plate springs are stacked and arranged on the lower surface of the loading area of the cable cover from top to bottom in the order of decreasing width; and the symmetrical lines of more than two plate springs in the width direction are superposed;
two loading connecting rods set up on the line of symmetry of the frock board of loading usefulness, and every loading connecting rod passes cable cover and two above leaf springs in proper order after, the bottom of loading connecting rod links firmly with the leaf spring that is located the below, loading connecting rod top is connected with concentrated static force loading equipment, concentrates static force loading equipment and provides the ascending pulling force of loading connecting rod, and then compresses tightly all the other leaf springs on the lower surface of cable cover.
Furthermore, when the test device is installed, the cable support is installed outside the engine cylinder, then the test device is installed on the cable cover, and finally the cable cover with the test device is fixedly connected with the cable support and the engine cylinder.
Further, the thickness of the leaf spring located at the lowermost position is larger than the thickness of the other leaf springs.
A combined loading test method for simulating internal pressure load is based on the test device and comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, two pairs of cable supports with the largest bearing load are determined through theoretical calculation, a region between the two pairs of cable supports is set as a loading region, and the area of a plate spring positioned on the uppermost layer is the same as that of the loading region;
secondly, determining the size of the total static load to be applied according to the internal pressure load and the loading area which are uniformly distributed and born by the cable cover under the real condition;
thirdly, adjusting parameters of the test device, and analyzing the uniformity of the internal pressure load born by the cable cover in a simulation modeling mode, wherein the analysis method comprises the following steps: simulating and loading a vertical upward load on each loading connecting rod in a simulation model, then selecting more than two strain measurement points in a loading area of the cable cover, and selecting a scheme that the uniformity of the internal pressure load born by one cable cover meets the requirement if the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the strain values detected by all the strain measurement points is within the range of 5-10 percent; the parameters of the test device include: the number of the plate springs, the thickness and the elastic modulus of each plate spring, the diameter of the loading connecting rod and the distance between the two loading connecting rods;
fourthly, adjusting the test device according to the parameters of the test device corresponding to the scheme in the third step, and loading a vertically upward static load on each loading connecting rod, wherein the sum of the two vertically upward static loads is the same as the total static load in the second step; under the action of the loading connecting rod, the tooling plate for loading bends towards the direction of the cable cover until the upper surface of the plate spring contacted with the cable cover is attached to the lower surface of the cable cover; under the action of the static force total load, simulating the deformation state and the bearing capacity of the cable support and the cable cover in a real state;
and fifthly, increasing the static force total load until the cable cover or the cable support is damaged, and obtaining a damage mode of the cable support and the cable cover connecting structure.
Furthermore, in the third step, a scheme that the uniformity of internal pressure load born by more than two cable covers meets the requirement is selected; then, selecting a final test scheme from the selected more than two schemes;
the final protocol was chosen as follows: firstly, adjusting a test device according to parameters of each scheme in the third step, and loading a vertically upward load on each loading connecting rod; then, selecting more than two strain measuring points in a loading area of the cable cover, and recording the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the strain value detected by the strain measuring points of each scheme; and finally, selecting the scheme with the minimum difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the strain measuring points as the scheme for testing in the fourth step.
Has the advantages that: (1) the test device and the method are simple and reliable, have low cost and are easy to realize, can simulate the bearing capacity and the damage mode of the cable support under the working condition of uniformly distributing the internal pressure load, provide powerful support for the design optimization of the cable support and the test verification of the bearing capacity of the cable support, and have extremely high engineering application value.
(2) The loading device formed by the plate springs can utilize the existing centralized static loading equipment to simulate the uniformly distributed internal pressure working condition of the cable cover and the cable support, the test method is similar to the actual working state of the cable support, and the bearing capacity and the real damage mode of the cable support can be better simulated.
(3) The joint loading of the cable support and the cable cover can reasonably determine the design allowance of the cable cover and the cable support, avoid the state that one part is over conservative and the other part is insufficient in allowance, and achieve the optimal result of integral optimization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first schematic view of a cable support and a cable cover;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic view of the installation relationship between the cable support and the cable cover;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of uniform load distribution between a cable support and a cable cover;
FIG. 4 is a structural composition diagram of the test device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4;
the cable loading device comprises a cable cover 1, a cable support 2, an engine cylinder 3, a loading connecting rod 4, a first plate spring 5, a second plate spring 6, a third plate spring 7, a fourth plate spring 8 and a fifth plate spring 9.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment provides a cable cover and cable support combined loading test device for simulating internal pressure load, referring to fig. 4 and 5, comprising: a tooling plate for loading and two loading connecting rods 4;
in this embodiment, the loading tooling plate includes five plate springs, which are rectangular flat plates with the same length and sequentially decreasing in width, and are respectively a first plate spring 5, a second plate spring 6, a third plate spring 7, a fourth plate spring 8 and a fifth plate spring 9;
the first plate spring 5, the second plate spring 6, the third plate spring 7, the fourth plate spring 8 and the fifth plate spring 9 are sequentially stacked from top to bottom on the lower surface of the loading area of the cable cover 1; the symmetry lines of the five plate springs in the width direction are overlapped (namely the whole loading tooling plate is in a symmetrical structure in the width direction), and the thickness of the fifth plate spring 9 is larger than that of the other four plate springs;
two loading connecting rods 4 set up on the line of symmetry of the frock board of loading usefulness, and every loading connecting rod 4 passes cable cover 1 in proper order, first leaf spring 5, second leaf spring 6, behind third leaf spring 7 and the fourth leaf spring 8, the bottom and the fifth leaf spring 9 of loading connecting rod 4 link firmly, 4 tops of loading connecting rod are connected with concentrated static loading equipment, concentrated static loading equipment provides the ascending pulling force of loading connecting rod 4, and then with first leaf spring 5, second leaf spring 6, third leaf spring 7 and fourth leaf spring 8 compress tightly on the lower surface of cable cover 1.
When the testing device is installed, the cable support 2 is installed outside the engine cylinder body 3, then the testing device is installed on the cable cover 1, and finally the cable cover 1 with the testing device is fixedly connected with the cable support 2 and the engine cylinder body 3.
The cable cover and cable support combined loading test method for simulating the internal pressure load comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, as the cable cover 1 is connected with more than two cable supports 2 through screws along the axial direction of the engine cylinder 3, each cable support 2 only bears the load applied by the cable cover 1 when bearing the load and is not influenced by other cable supports 2, firstly, two pairs of cable supports 2 bearing the maximum load are determined through theoretical calculation, and the area between the two pairs of cable supports 2 is set as a loading area, referring to the attached drawing 1, the area of the loading area is the area of a first plate spring 5 contacting with the cable cover 1, and the maximum load is applied to the loading area for examination during the test;
secondly, determining the size of the total static force load to be applied according to the internal pressure load and the load area (namely the area of the first plate spring 5) which are uniformly distributed and born by the cable cover 1 under the real condition;
thirdly, performing simulation modeling on the internal pressure load born by the cable cover 1 by adjusting the parameters of the test device, simulating and loading a vertically upward load on each loading connecting rod in a simulation model, then selecting more than two strain measurement points in a loading area of the cable cover 1, and selecting a scheme that the uniformity of the internal pressure load born by more than two cable covers 1 meets the requirement if the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the strain values detected by all the strain measurement points is within the range of 5-10%; the parameters of the test device include: the number of the plate springs, the thickness and the elastic modulus of each plate spring, the diameter of the loading connecting rod and the distance between the two loading connecting rods;
fourthly, selecting a final test scheme from the schemes selected in the third step; the selection method comprises the following steps: firstly, adjusting a test device according to parameters of each scheme in the third step, and loading a vertically upward load on each loading connecting rod; then, selecting more than two strain measuring points in the loading area of the cable cover 1, and recording the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the strain measuring points of each scheme; then, selecting a scheme with the minimum difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the strain measuring points as a final test scheme;
fifthly, adjusting the test device according to the parameters corresponding to the final test scheme selected in the fourth step, and loading a vertical upward static load on each loading connecting rod 4, wherein the sum of the two vertical upward static loads is the same as the total static load in the second step; under the action of the loading connecting rod 4, the tool plate for loading is bent towards the direction of the cable cover 1 until the upper surface of the first plate spring 5 is attached to the lower surface of the cable cover 1; under the action of the static total load, simulating the deformation state and the bearing capacity of the cable support 2 and the cable cover 1 in a real state;
and sixthly, increasing the static force total load until the cable cover 1 or the cable support 2 is damaged, obtaining a damage mode of the connection structure of the cable support 2 and the cable cover 1, and providing a basis for optimizing the design of the cable support 2.
However, the internal pressure load on the side surface of the cable cover 1 is negligible because the side surface area of the cable cover 1 is small.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a cable cover and cable support combined loading test device of pressure load in simulation which characterized in that includes: a tooling plate for loading and two loading connecting rods (4);
the tool plate for loading comprises more than two plate springs, the more than two plate springs are rectangular flat plates with the same length, and the widths of the plate springs are gradually reduced;
more than two plate springs are stacked and arranged on the lower surface of a loading area of the cable cover (1) from top to bottom according to the sequence of decreasing width; and the symmetrical lines of more than two plate springs in the width direction are superposed;
the two loading connecting rods (4) are arranged on a symmetrical line of a loading tool plate, after each loading connecting rod (4) sequentially penetrates through the cable cover (1) and more than two plate springs, the bottom ends of the loading connecting rods (4) are fixedly connected with the plate spring positioned at the lowest part, the top ends of the loading connecting rods (4) are connected with concentrated static loading equipment, the concentrated static loading equipment provides upward tensile force for the loading connecting rods (4), and then the rest plate springs are pressed on the lower surface of the cable cover (1);
when the testing device is installed, the cable support (2) is installed outside the engine cylinder (3), then the testing device is installed on the cable cover (1), and finally the cable cover (1) with the testing device is fixedly connected with the cable support (2) and the engine cylinder (3).
2. The combined cable cover and cable support loading test device for simulating internal pressure loads of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the plate spring at the lowest position is larger than the thickness of the other plate springs.
3. A cable cover and cable support combined loading test method for simulating internal pressure load is based on the test device of claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
firstly, two pairs of cable supports (2) with the largest bearing load are determined through theoretical calculation, a region between the two pairs of cable supports (2) is set as a loading region, and the area of a plate spring positioned on the uppermost layer is the same as that of the loading region;
secondly, determining the size of the total static load to be applied according to the internal pressure load and the loading area which are uniformly distributed and born by the cable cover (1) under the real condition;
thirdly, adjusting parameters of the test device, and analyzing the uniformity of the internal pressure load born by the cable cover (1) in a simulation modeling mode, wherein the analysis method comprises the following steps: simulating and loading a vertical upward load on each loading connecting rod in a simulation model, then selecting more than two strain measurement points in a loading area of the cable cover (1), and selecting a scheme that the uniformity of the internal pressure load born by one cable cover (1) meets the requirement if the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the strain values detected by all the strain measurement points is within the range of 5-10 percent; the parameters of the test device include: the number of the plate springs, the thickness and the elastic modulus of each plate spring, the diameter of the loading connecting rod and the distance between the two loading connecting rods;
fourthly, adjusting the test device according to the parameters of the test device corresponding to the scheme in the third step, and loading a vertical upward static load on each loading connecting rod (4), wherein the sum of the two vertical upward static loads is the same as the total static load in the second step; under the action of the loading connecting rod (4), the tooling plate for loading is bent towards the direction of the cable cover (1) until the upper surface of the plate spring contacted with the cable cover (1) is attached to the lower surface of the cable cover (1); under the action of the static total load, simulating the deformation state and the bearing capacity of the cable support (2) and the cable cover (1) in a real state;
and fifthly, increasing the static force total load until the cable cover (1) or the cable support (2) is damaged, and obtaining a damage mode of the connection structure of the cable support (2) and the cable cover (1).
4. A cable cover and cable support combined loading test method for simulating internal pressure load according to claim 3, characterized in that in the third step, a scheme that the uniformity of the internal pressure load born by more than two cable covers (1) meets the requirement is selected; then, selecting a final test scheme from the selected more than two schemes;
the final protocol was chosen as follows: firstly, adjusting a test device according to parameters of each scheme in the third step, and loading a vertically upward load on each loading connecting rod; then, selecting more than two strain measuring points in a loading area of the cable cover (1), and recording the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the strain value detected by the strain measuring points of each scheme; and finally, selecting the scheme with the minimum difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the strain measuring points as the scheme for testing in the fourth step.
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