CN110793781A - Measuring device and measuring method for particulate matters contained in DPF engine exhaust - Google Patents
Measuring device and measuring method for particulate matters contained in DPF engine exhaust Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004148 unit process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/10—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame
- G01M15/102—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/02—Details or accessories of testing apparatus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
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Abstract
The invention relates to a measuring device and a measuring method for particulate matters contained in DPF engine exhaust, which comprises a DPF unit, two particulate matter concentration sensors with different measuring ranges and a data processing unit, wherein the particulate matter concentration sensors are respectively used for collecting the particulate matter concentration information of the exhaust passing through the DPF unit, and after the data processing unit receives the information of the exhaust flow of an engine and the particulate matter concentration information returned by the two particulate matter concentration sensors, the mass of the particulate matters captured by the DPF unit in real time can be quickly obtained through calculation, and the total amount of the particulate matters existing in the DPF unit can be calculated through multiple accumulation. The invention has low cost, better timeliness and rapidness, does not need to carry out experiments of calibration and fitting in advance, can effectively reduce the particulate matter emission of the vehicle engine, and is also beneficial to the regeneration work of the DPF unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of emission reduction of vehicle engines, in particular to a device and a method for measuring particulate matters contained in exhaust of a DPF engine.
Background
At present, a large number of fuel vehicles still exist, research on emission reduction work of the fuel vehicles is still important, and one of the important points of the emission reduction research is emission reduction of particulate matters. In order to meet the requirement of Particulate matter emission limit of vehicles, a Particulate trap (DPF) (diesel Particulate Filter) is generally adopted to treat the exhaust gas emitted by the vehicle engine. With the continuous development of electronic technology, control technology and other related technologies, the emission reduction of automobiles is gradually changed to electronization.
After a certain running time and mileage of the vehicle, the DPF can be blocked, thereby affecting the fuel economy of the vehicle and reducing the trapping efficiency of particulate matters. Currently, the main solution to this problem is DPF regeneration, where the particulate deposits are burned completely after the total amount of particulate matter in the DPF reaches a certain threshold. In order to control the regeneration process of the particulate filter, a relatively mature method is to arrange an exhaust gas inlet temperature sensor, an exhaust gas outlet temperature sensor and a differential pressure sensor in an engine electronic control system, wherein the differential pressure sensor is used for detecting the exhaust gas pressure difference between the front pin and the rear pin of the DPF device, and an engine ECU can judge whether the particulate matter amount in the DPF reaches a threshold value according to signals of the sensors. After the combustion is finished, the DPF can be restored to the initial working state and continues to capture particulate matters. If the amount of particulate matter deposited inside the DPF is simply measured, it can be realized by using the above-mentioned sensor and ECU. However, the methods have certain defects in timeliness, and a large number of calibration experiments are needed in early work, so that the cost is high and the steps are complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a measuring device and a measuring method for particulate matters contained in DPF engine exhaust, so as to solve the problems of high cost and time consumption in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a measuring device for particulate matter that DPF engine exhaust contains, includes the engine that contains electronic control unit, the blast pipe of engine is connected with the DPF unit of the particulate matter that contains in the seizure engine exhaust gas, the exhaust gas inlet pipeline of DPF unit on be equipped with first particulate matter concentration sensor, be equipped with second particulate matter concentration sensor on the exhaust gas outlet pipeline of DPF unit, a data processing unit has, the electronic control unit of engine, first particulate matter concentration sensor and second particulate matter concentration sensor all with data processing unit's information input end line connection, data processing unit's information output end is connected with DPF regeneration unit, DPF regeneration unit is connected with the DPF unit.
Because the concentration of the particulate matters before and after passing through the DPF unit is reduced, in order to improve the accuracy of measurement, the range of the first particulate matter concentration sensor is larger than that of the second particulate matter concentration sensor.
In order to facilitate signal processing calculation, the data processing unit is internally provided with an analog-digital conversion module and a digital-analog conversion module for calculating the real-time particulate matter capturing amount of the DPF unit.
A measuring method for measuring and calculating particulate matters contained in DPF engine exhaust by using the measuring device comprises the following measuring processes: the method comprises the following steps that from the start of an engine to the flameout of the engine, a data processing unit receives a particulate matter concentration signal of a first particulate matter concentration sensor at the exhaust gas inlet end of a DPF unit, a particulate matter concentration signal of a second particulate matter concentration sensor at the exhaust gas outlet end of the DPF unit and an engine working state signal transmitted by an electronic control unit of the engine, the data processing unit processes and calculates the signals to obtain the content of particulate matters captured in real time, and the calculated particulate matters are accumulated each time to obtain the content of the particulate matters in the DPF unit at the corresponding moment; if the content of the particulate matters in the DPF unit reaches a limit value, the data processing unit sends a signal to start the DPF regeneration unit to work, so that the DPF unit is recovered to a normal state and continues to operate.
Further, the calculation method adopted by the data processing unit after receiving the three signals is as follows: m ═ (C2-C1) QV,
in the above formula: m represents the amount of particulate matter once captured by the DPF unit in μ g; c2 and C1 represent the concentrations of particulate matter before and after the exhaust gas passes through the DPF cell, respectively, and are expressed in units of μ g/m3(ii) a Q represents the volumetric flow rate of exhaust gas flowing through the inner wall of the DPF unit in m3S; v represents the volume of the DPF unit in m3，
And finally, accumulating the M values at different moments before the DPF regeneration unit works, so as to obtain the particulate matter Msum in the DPF unit at the corresponding moment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a calculation flowchart of the data processing unit during operation of the vehicle.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises an electronic control unit, 2, an engine, 3, a DPF unit, 4, a first particulate matter concentration sensor, 5, a second particulate matter concentration sensor, 6, a data processing unit and 7, a DPF regeneration unit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic views illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the measuring device for measuring the particulate matters contained in the exhaust gas of the DPF engine comprises an engine 2 containing an electronic control unit 1, a DPF unit 3 for capturing the particulate matters contained in the exhaust gas of the engine 2 is connected to an exhaust pipe of the engine 2, a first particulate matter concentration sensor 4 is arranged on an exhaust gas inlet pipeline of the DPF unit 3, a second particulate matter concentration sensor 5 is arranged on an exhaust gas outlet pipeline of the DPF unit 3, and the measuring device further comprises a data processing unit 6, wherein the electronic control unit 1, the first particulate matter concentration sensor 4 and the second particulate matter concentration sensor 5 of the engine 2 are all connected with an information input end of the data processing unit 6 through a line, an information output end of the data processing unit 6 is connected with a DPF regeneration unit 7, and the DPF regeneration unit 7 is connected with the DPF.
Because the concentration of the particulate matters passing through the DPF unit 3 is reduced, in order to improve the accuracy of measurement, the range of the first particulate matter concentration sensor 4 is larger than that of the second particulate matter concentration sensor 5, the first particulate matter concentration sensor 4 is used for measuring the exhaust gas with large concentration of the particulate matters before the DPF unit 3, and the second particulate matter concentration sensor 5 is used for measuring the exhaust gas with small concentration of the particulate matters after the DPF unit 3. The selection result may be different for different vehicle models.
For convenience of signal processing calculation, the data processing unit 6 contains an analog-to-digital conversion module and a digital-to-analog conversion module for calculating the real-time particulate matter trapping amount of the DPF unit 3, and the two modules receive the exhaust flow information (transmitted through the CAN bus) transmitted by the electronic control unit 1 of the engine 2 and the particulate matter concentration information transmitted back by the first particulate matter concentration sensor 4 and the second particulate matter concentration sensor 5, and then calculate the real-time particulate matter trapping amount of the DPF unit 3.
The basic principle of the two particle sensors selected by the measuring device is as follows: during measurement, the exhaust gas flow discharged by the engine 2 passes through the lower end of the sensor body at a high speed, and the generated air pressure is smaller than that of the surrounding; meanwhile, a part of waste gas can enter the sensor body through holes around the sensor body, because of negative pressure generated by high-speed waste gas flow at the lower end of the sensor, the waste gas entering the sensor can be sucked to the bottom of the sensor, when the waste gas passes through an electrode with high voltage, the electrode can generate current, and the current magnitude and the concentration of waste gas particles are in positive correlation.
When the two sensors are installed, the baffle and the electrode are sequentially placed in the shell, then the waste gas sealing ring is installed at the top end, and finally the external environment isolation ring and the wire harness are installed. In addition, other devices (with voltage amplifiers) need to be mounted on the insulator surface in order to measure the sensor leakage current, and finally care is taken not to touch the sensor body to the circuit.
The bottom and the side of the two sensor shells are respectively provided with the hole, the air resistance of the side is considered to be large, the air flow rate of the bottom is higher than that of the side, a Venturi effect is formed, a gas pressure difference is formed between the side and the bottom, gas in the exhaust pipe can flow out of the bottom through the sensor through the side hole, and therefore the sensor can accurately measure the real-time concentration in the exhaust pipe. If the hole is not machined, the exhaust gas flow inside the sensor is not affected by negative pressure but flows spontaneously to the bottom of the sensor, so that the flow speed is reduced, and the accuracy and rapidity of measurement are easily affected.
After the DPF unit 3 (i.e., the particulate trap) is installed in the exhaust pipe of the engine 2, a special sensor installation opening is reserved on the DPF unit 2 for convenient measurement, and sensors corresponding to different ranges are installed respectively.
A measuring method for measuring and calculating particulate matters contained in DPF engine exhaust by using the measuring device comprises the following measuring processes: from the start of the engine 2 to the flameout, the data processing unit 6 receives a particulate matter concentration signal of the first particulate matter concentration sensor 4 at the exhaust gas inlet end of the DPF unit 3, a particulate matter concentration signal of the second particulate matter concentration sensor 5 at the exhaust gas outlet end of the DPF unit 3, and real-time signals such as the exhaust gas quantity and the temperature of the engine 2 transmitted by the electronic control unit 1 of the engine 2, the data processing unit 6 processes and calculates the signals to obtain the content of the particulate matters captured in real time, and the calculated particulate matters are accumulated each time to obtain the content of the particulate matters in the DPF unit at the corresponding moment; if the content of particulate matter inside the DPF unit 3 reaches a limit value, the data processing unit 6 sends a signal to start the DPF regeneration unit 7 to operate, so that the DPF unit 3 is restored to a normal state and continues to operate.
Further, the calculation method adopted by the data processing unit 6 after receiving the three signals is as follows: m ═ (C2-C1) QV,
in the above formula: m represents the amount of particulate matter once trapped by the DPF unit 3 in μ g; c2 and C1 represent the concentrations of particulate matter before and after the exhaust gas passes through the DPF unit 3, respectively, and are expressed in units of μ g/m3(ii) a Q represents the volume flow of exhaust gas flowing through the inner wall of the DPF unit 3 and is expressed in m3S; v represents the volume of the DPF unit 3 in m3。
In a strict sense, the functional relation of M with respect to time calculated by the above equation is actually a discrete series, but since the exhaust gas flow speed is fast, it can be approximately regarded as a continuous function, and thus the change of the exhaust gas flow rate is negligible.
Finally, before the DPF regeneration unit 7 operates, the M values at different times are accumulated, and the amount of particulate matter Msum in the DPF unit 3 at the corresponding time can be obtained. However, after a long accumulation of the particulate matter inside the DPF unit 3, if it is obviously inappropriate to measure the total accumulated mass by the unit of μ g, a unit conversion is performed, which facilitates comparison with the maximum particulate matter carrying capacity a (in kg or g) of the DPF unit 3 and subsequent work, such as regeneration of the DPF unit 3.
If the DPF unit 3 needs to be regenerated, the method compares Msum with the maximum particulate matter carrying capacity a (a is also influenced by residual ash in the DPF unit 3) of the DPF unit 3, if not, the regeneration is not performed temporarily, otherwise, the regeneration operation needs to be performed, and after the regeneration is completed, the data processing unit 6 is reset and then the operation is repeated. This regeneration step can amplify the efficiency of the DPF unit 3, so that the device will not fail due to clogging inside the DPF unit 3. However, since the regeneration operation inevitably generates a small amount of ash in the DPF unit 3 and affects the performance of the apparatus in the past, the apparatus needs to be periodically disassembled to clean the ash in the DPF unit 3 and, if necessary, the data processing unit 6 needs to be reset.
In addition, from the viewpoint of maintenance of the DPF unit 3, the DPF unit 3 may be manually regenerated periodically so that the DPF unit 3 operates in an optimal state for as long as possible without being bulky, but after the regeneration, attention should be paid to whether or not the data processing unit 6 needs to be reset.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A measuring device for particulate matters contained in exhaust gas of a DPF engine comprises the engine with an electronic control unit, and a DPF unit for capturing the particulate matters contained in the exhaust gas of the engine is connected to an exhaust pipe of the engine, and is characterized in that: the exhaust gas inlet pipeline of DPF unit on be equipped with first particulate matter concentration sensor, be equipped with second particulate matter concentration sensor on the exhaust outlet pipeline of DPF unit, a data processing unit has, the electronic control unit of engine, first particulate matter concentration sensor and second particulate matter concentration sensor all with data processing unit's information input end line connection, data processing unit's information output end is connected with DPF regeneration unit, DPF regeneration unit is connected with the DPF unit.
2. The measuring apparatus for particulate matter contained in exhaust gas of DPF engine as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the range of the first particulate matter concentration sensor is greater than the range of the second particulate matter concentration sensor.
3. The measuring apparatus for particulate matter contained in exhaust gas of DPF engine as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the data processing unit is internally provided with an analog-digital conversion module and a digital-analog conversion module which are used for calculating the real-time trapping particulate matter amount of the DPF unit.
4. The measuring method of the measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps that from the start of an engine to the flameout of the engine, a data processing unit receives a particulate matter concentration signal of a first particulate matter concentration sensor at the exhaust gas inlet end of a DPF unit, a particulate matter concentration signal of a second particulate matter concentration sensor at the exhaust gas outlet end of the DPF unit and an engine working state signal transmitted by an electronic control unit of the engine, the data processing unit processes and calculates the signals to obtain the content of particulate matters captured in real time, and the calculated particulate matters are accumulated each time to obtain the content of the particulate matters in the DPF unit at the corresponding moment; if the content of the particulate matters in the DPF unit reaches a limit value, the data processing unit sends a signal to start the DPF regeneration unit to work, so that the DPF unit is recovered to a normal state and continues to operate.
5. The measuring method of the measuring apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the calculation method adopted by the data processing unit after receiving the three signals is as follows: m ═ (C2-C1) QV,
in the above formula: m represents the amount of particulate matter once captured by the DPF unit in μ g; c2 and C1 respectively represent the concentration of particulate matter before and after the exhaust gas passes through the DPF cellBit is μ g/m3(ii) a Q represents the volumetric flow rate of exhaust gas flowing through the inner wall of the DPF unit in m3S; v represents the volume of the DPF unit in m3，
And accumulating the M values at different moments before the DPF regeneration unit works to obtain the particulate matter Msum in the DPF unit at the corresponding moment.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112943424A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | Particle trapping and regenerating system and control method thereof |
| CN113720722A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-30 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Particle trap carbon accumulation device and particle trap fast and accurate carbon accumulation method |
| CN114964824A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-08-30 | 北京复兰环保科技有限公司 | Vehicle aftertreatment unit testing method, device and system |
| CN115824929A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-03-21 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | DPF particle trapping efficiency detection device |
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| US20100049462A1 (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2010-02-25 | Honeywell International Inc. | Particulate matter sensor calibration |
| CN102536407A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2012-07-04 | 金坛鸿鑫电子科技有限公司 | Particulate matter sensor with improved measurement accuracy |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20100049462A1 (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2010-02-25 | Honeywell International Inc. | Particulate matter sensor calibration |
| CN102536407A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2012-07-04 | 金坛鸿鑫电子科技有限公司 | Particulate matter sensor with improved measurement accuracy |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112943424A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | Particle trapping and regenerating system and control method thereof |
| CN113720722A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-30 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Particle trap carbon accumulation device and particle trap fast and accurate carbon accumulation method |
| CN113720722B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2024-03-26 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Particle catcher carbon accumulating device and particle catcher rapid and accurate carbon accumulating method |
| CN114964824A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-08-30 | 北京复兰环保科技有限公司 | Vehicle aftertreatment unit testing method, device and system |
| CN114964824B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-11-15 | 北京复兰环保科技有限公司 | Vehicle aftertreatment unit testing method, device and system |
| CN115824929A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-03-21 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | DPF particle trapping efficiency detection device |
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