CN110793738A - Air spring static vertical stiffness testing device and method - Google Patents
Air spring static vertical stiffness testing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110793738A CN110793738A CN201911113776.3A CN201911113776A CN110793738A CN 110793738 A CN110793738 A CN 110793738A CN 201911113776 A CN201911113776 A CN 201911113776A CN 110793738 A CN110793738 A CN 110793738A
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
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- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0041—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress
- G01M5/005—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress by means of external apparatus, e.g. test benches or portable test systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention provides a static vertical stiffness testing device and method of an air spring, comprising a gantry support, wherein a reciprocating piston cylinder is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the gantry support in an inverted manner, a piston rod of the reciprocating piston cylinder penetrates through a top plate of the gantry support, and a cylinder pressure head is installed at the tail end of the piston rod; a weighing type pressure sensor is arranged right below the cylinder pressure head, the weighing type pressure sensor is arranged at the top of the pressure sensor support, and the output load of the reciprocating piston cylinder is transmitted to the air spring to be tested through the pressure sensor support; during testing, the air spring is arranged at the top of the spring supporting structure; and a deformation measuring device for measuring the compression deformation of the air spring is arranged on the side wall of the pressure sensor support in a matched manner. The testing device can be used for testing various parameters of the static vertical stiffness characteristic of the air spring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of air spring characteristic tests, in particular to a static vertical stiffness testing device for an air spring.
Background
The air spring is an important component in the air suspension, has small rigidity, low vibration frequency, ideal nonlinear elastic characteristic, light weight and long service life, and has important significance for improving the smoothness of a vehicle, reducing the self weight of the vehicle and damaging a road. At present, the replacement of the traditional plate spring by the air spring has become the development direction of the commercial vehicle suspension system.
The ideal nonlinear elastic characteristic of the air spring is the maximum advantage of the air spring as a suspension elastic element, and the elastic characteristic of the air spring needs to be accurately described through a modeling method, on the premise that basic data such as height, load and the like are more accurately obtained, and then an air spring characteristic curve which is closer to the reality is obtained.
Therefore, a reasonable test method and a test bench are very important for researching the elastic property of the air spring.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for testing the static vertical stiffness of an air spring.
In order to achieve the technical features, the invention is realized as follows: the air spring static vertical stiffness testing device comprises a gantry support, wherein a reciprocating piston cylinder is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the gantry support in an inverted mode, a piston rod of the reciprocating piston cylinder penetrates through a top plate of the gantry support, and a cylinder pressure head is installed at the tail end of the piston rod; a weighing type pressure sensor is arranged right below the cylinder pressure head, the weighing type pressure sensor is arranged at the top of the pressure sensor support, and the output load of the reciprocating piston cylinder is transmitted to the air spring to be tested through the pressure sensor support; during testing, the air spring is arranged at the top of the spring supporting structure; and a deformation measuring device for measuring the compression deformation of the air spring is arranged on the side wall of the pressure sensor support in a matched manner.
The cylinder pressure head is fixed at the tail end of a piston rod of the reciprocating piston cylinder through threaded connection; the lower end face of the air cylinder pressure head is in contact with and applies pressure to a bearing tray at the top of the weighing type pressure sensor during testing; the pressure-bearing tray is installed in a central threaded hole of the weighing type pressure sensor through threaded connection.
The weighing type pressure sensor is characterized in that threaded through holes are uniformly distributed in the weighing type pressure sensor, bolts penetrate through the threaded through holes, and the weighing type pressure sensor is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor support.
The pressure sensor support is characterized in that an air spring matching mounting hole matched with an air spring is formed in the base of the pressure sensor support, a pressure sensor matching mounting hole matched with a weighing type pressure sensor is formed in the top of the pressure sensor support, and a linkage rod mounting hole is formed in the side wall of the base of the pressure sensor support.
The spring support structure comprises an air spring support, the air spring support is fixed in the middle of the base plate, and the gantry support is integrally and fixedly arranged on the top of the base plate; the height presetting guide rails are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the air spring support, the height presetting guide rails are adjustably provided with limiting sliding blocks, and the bottom end faces of the limiting sliding blocks are matched with the base of the pressure sensor support and limit the pressure sensor support.
The base of the air spring support is fixedly connected with the base plate through a bolt, a threaded mounting hole is machined in the center of the top of the air spring support, and the threaded mounting hole is connected with an air spring in a threaded fit mode and is fixed to the air spring; the central axis of the threaded mounting hole is superposed with the central axis of a piston rod of the reciprocating piston cylinder, so that the load bearing force of the air spring is always on the vertical central axis of symmetry.
The height preset guide rail is provided with height scales; the air spring limiting device is characterized in that two sides of a rectangular frame of the limiting sliding block are symmetrically processed with fastening screw mounting holes, fastening screws are mounted on the fastening screw mounting holes in a matched mode and matched with side walls of the height preset guide rail, so that the height of the limiting sliding block is adjusted to be fixed at any scale position on the height preset guide rail, and the fixed limiting sliding block sets the air spring at the recommended mounting height through the position of the limiting pressure sensor support base.
The deformation measuring device comprises a height sensor position track arranged on the inner side wall of one upright post of the gantry support, a pull rope type height sensor is arranged on the height sensor position track in a sliding fit mode, a movable head of the pull rope type height sensor is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor support through a linkage rod, and the deformation of the air spring is measured in real time.
The pull rope type height sensor can slide up and down in a height sensor position track and is locked at any position so as to adapt to different air spring initial heights.
The method for testing the static vertical stiffness testing device of the air spring comprises the following steps:
step 1: fixing the limiting slide block at the set height of the height preset guide rail by using a set screw, and ensuring that the recommended installation height of the air spring is met when the pressure of the air spring is regulated;
step 2: after the height adjustment is finished, filling a certain specific air pressure into the air spring at the height;
step 3: the limiting sliding block is adjusted and installed at the highest position of the height preset guide rail again, and the air spring is enabled to be in a free height state;
step 4: adjusting the position of the pull rope type height sensor in the position track of the height sensor so as to adapt to recommended installation height and free height of various air springs;
step 5: the method comprises the following steps of simulating the application of different vertical loads to the air spring by changing the air inlet pressure of a reciprocating piston cylinder, reading and recording the numerical values of a pull rope type height sensor and a weighing type pressure sensor in the loading process, and calculating the vertical stiffness characteristic of the current air spring under the internal pressure;
step 6: and changing the internal pressure of the air spring at the recommended height, and repeating Step 1-Step 5 to obtain the vertical stiffness characteristics of the air spring at different internal pressures.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the air spring static vertical stiffness testing device is reasonable in design, simple in structure and easy to manufacture, disassemble, assemble and transport. Through structural design, the output load of the air cylinder can be uniformly applied in the vertical direction, and the arrangement of the weighing type pressure sensor can accurately measure the output load value of the air cylinder. The pull rope type height sensor not only can adapt to air springs with different heights, but also can accurately measure the height variation of the air springs. The limiting sliding block can effectively limit the air spring under the recommended installation height so as to prepare for initial pressure regulation. Meanwhile, the experimental device is simple and convenient to operate, safe and reliable, and the measured physical quantity can be output visually.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an air spring static vertical stiffness testing device of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a pressure sensor holder of the present invention.
Figure 3 shows a schematic view of the spacing slide of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 reciprocating piston cylinder; 2, gantry support; 3, a cylinder pressure head; 4, a pressure-bearing tray; 5 a pull-cord type height sensor; 6, a linkage rod; 7 height sensor position track; 8, a base plate; 9 an air spring bracket; 10 air springs; 11, presetting a guide rail at a height; 12, limiting a sliding block; 121 set screws; 13 a pressure sensor support; 131 linkage rod mounting holes; 132 air spring fitting mounting holes; 133 pressure sensor fitting mounting holes; 14 weighing type pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-3, the air spring static vertical stiffness testing device comprises a gantry support 2, wherein a reciprocating piston cylinder 1 is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the gantry support 2 in an inverted manner, a piston rod of the reciprocating piston cylinder 1 penetrates through a top plate of the gantry support 2, and a cylinder pressure head 3 is installed at the tail end of the piston rod; a weighing type pressure sensor 14 is arranged right below the cylinder pressure head 3, the weighing type pressure sensor 14 is arranged at the top of a pressure sensor support 13, and the output load of the reciprocating piston cylinder 1 is transmitted to the air spring 10 to be tested through the pressure sensor support 13; during testing, the air spring 10 is arranged on top of the spring support structure; and a deformation measuring device for measuring the compression deformation of the air spring 10 is arranged on the side wall of the pressure sensor bracket 13 in a matching way. The testing device with the structure can be used for testing the static vertical stiffness of the air spring 10, can test the rule that the vertical displacement of the air spring changes along with the load under different recommended heights and internal pressures aiming at a certain type of air spring, and further obtains the elastic characteristic curve of the air spring by data processing. In the using process, the reciprocating piston cylinder 1 applies different load pressures to the cylinder pressure head 3, the air spring 10 at the bottom of the cylinder pressure head 3 is pressed by the pressure sensor support 13, corresponding load data is read by the weighing type pressure sensor 14 in the pressing process, corresponding deformation is read by the deformation measuring device, the rule that the vertical displacement changes along with the load is further obtained, and finally, the elastic characteristic curve is obtained through analysis.
Further, the cylinder pressure head 3 is fixed at the tail end of a piston rod of the reciprocating piston cylinder 1 through threaded connection; during testing, the lower end face of the cylinder pressure head 3 is in contact with and applies pressure to the pressure-bearing tray 4 at the top of the weighing type pressure sensor 14; the pressure-bearing tray 4 is installed in a central threaded hole of the weighing type pressure sensor 14 through threaded connection. The output load can be uniformly applied to the weighing type pressure sensor by horizontally contacting the cylinder pressure head 3 with the pressure bearing surface of the pressure bearing tray. And a variable load can be output by adjusting the intake pressure through the reciprocating piston cylinder.
Further, threaded through holes are uniformly distributed on the weighing type pressure sensor 14, bolts penetrate through the threaded through holes, and the weighing type pressure sensor 14 is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor support 13. The fixing reliability of the weighing pressure sensor 14 is ensured by the fixing method, and the load applied to the air spring 10 can be accurately measured.
Further, an air spring matching mounting hole 132 used for matching with an air spring is processed on the base of the pressure sensor support 13, a pressure sensor matching mounting hole 133 used for matching with the weighing type pressure sensor 14 is processed on the top of the pressure sensor support 13, and a linkage rod mounting hole 131 is arranged on the side wall of the base of the pressure sensor support 13.
Further, the spring support structure comprises an air spring support 9, the air spring support 9 is fixed in the middle of the base plate 8, and the gantry support 2 is integrally and fixedly installed on the top of the base plate 8; height preset guide rails 11 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the air spring support 9, a limiting slide block 12 is adjustably mounted on the height preset guide rails 11, and the bottom end face of the limiting slide block 12 is matched with a base of a pressure sensor support 13 and is limited.
Further, the base of the air spring support 9 is fixedly connected with the base plate 8 through bolts, a threaded mounting hole is machined in the center of the top of the air spring support 9, and the threaded mounting hole is connected with the air spring 10 in a threaded fit mode and is fixed to the air spring 10; the central axis of the threaded mounting hole is superposed with the central axis of a piston rod of the reciprocating piston cylinder 1, so that the load bearing force of the air spring is always on the vertical symmetrical central axis of the air spring. Thereby ensuring the accuracy of measurement.
Further, height scales are arranged on the height preset guide rail 11; set screw mounting holes are symmetrically processed in two sides of a rectangular frame of the limiting sliding block 12, set screws 121 are mounted on the set screw mounting holes in a matched mode, the set screws 121 are matched with the side wall of the height preset guide rail 11, so that the height of the limiting sliding block 12 is adjusted, the limiting sliding block is fixed at any scale position on the height preset guide rail 11, and the air spring is arranged at the recommended mounting height through the position of the limiting pressure sensor support base of the limiting sliding block 12 after fixing. The height preset guide rail 11 can be used for simulating the performance test of air springs with different air pressures, so that the adaptability of the air springs is enhanced.
Further, the deformation measuring device comprises a height sensor position rail 7 arranged on the inner side wall of one upright post of the gantry support 2, a pull rope type height sensor 5 is arranged on the height sensor position rail 7 in a sliding fit mode, and a movable head of the pull rope type height sensor 5 is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor support 13 through a linkage rod 6 so as to measure the deformation of the air spring 10 in real time. The deformation measuring device can be used for measuring the deformation of the air spring in the working process. In the test process, the linkage rod 6 is driven by the pressure sensor support 13, and then the linkage rod 6 drives the movable head of the pull rope type height sensor 5 locked at a certain initial position on the height sensor position track 7 to move and slide on the height sensor position track 7, so that the displacement measurement is realized. After the height sensor body is locked at a certain initial position on the position track, the displacement is measured by the movement distance of the movable head of the height sensor.
Further, the pull-cord type height sensor 5 can slide up and down in the height sensor position rail 7 and be locked at any position so as to adapt to different initial heights of the air spring. And can be used for the performance test of different types of air springs 10.
Example 2:
the method for testing the static vertical stiffness testing device of the air spring comprises the following steps:
step 1: the limiting slide block 12 is fixed at the set height of the height preset guide rail 11 by using a set screw 121, and the recommended installation height of the air spring 10 is met when the pressure is regulated;
step 2: after the height adjustment is completed, and at this height, the air spring 10 is charged with a certain air pressure;
step 3: the limiting slide block 12 is adjusted and installed at the highest position of the height preset guide rail 11 again, and the air spring 10 is in a free height state;
step 4: adjusting the position of the pull rope type height sensor 5 in the height sensor position track 7 to adapt to recommended installation height and free height of various air springs;
step 5: different vertical loads are applied to the air spring 10 in a simulated mode by changing the air inlet pressure of the reciprocating piston cylinder 1, the numerical values of the stay rope type height sensor 5 and the weighing type pressure sensor 14 are read and recorded in the loading process, and the vertical rigidity characteristic of the current air spring under the internal pressure can be calculated;
step 6: and changing the internal pressure of the air spring at the recommended height, and repeating Step 1-Step 5 to obtain the vertical stiffness characteristics of the air spring at different internal pressures.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
a static vertical stiffness testing device of an air spring comprises a pressure sensor support 13, wherein the pressure sensor support comprises a linkage rod mounting hole 131 for mounting a linkage rod, the other end of the linkage rod is embedded into a movable head of a pull rope type height sensor, when the movable head is driven to move, the height variation can be measured through the pull rope type height sensor, and the pull rope type height sensor is mounted in a height sensor position track on a gantry support and can be adjusted up and down and locked to adapt to different air spring heights; the air spring matching mounting hole 132 is used for mounting with the top of an air spring and is suitable for an air inflation joint at the top of the air spring; the weighing type pressure sensor is matched with a circumferential bolt hole in the mounting hole 133 to be used for fixing the weighing type pressure sensor, and the central through hole is used for being matched with a central pressure head of the weighing type pressure sensor; the central pressure head of the weighing type pressure sensor is provided with a threaded through hole and is connected with a pressure-bearing tray through threads. The output shaft end of a reciprocating piston cylinder arranged at the top end of the gantry support is connected with a cylinder pressure head through threads, when the cylinder is loaded, the cylinder pressure head is in butt joint with the pressure-bearing tray to apply load to the weighing type pressure sensor and the air spring, meanwhile, the weighing type pressure sensor can measure the output load of the cylinder, and the measured data is corrected to obtain the bearing load of the air spring after considering the dead weight of the weighing type pressure sensor, the pressure-bearing tray and the pressure sensor support; the air springs are arranged on the air spring support on the base plate, the height preset guide rails are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the air spring support, the limiting sliding blocks on the guide rails are used for setting the installation height of the air springs, and only the set screws at two ends of each sliding block need to be adjusted; the gantry support is arranged on the base plate.
Claims (10)
1. Air spring static state vertical rigidity testing arrangement which characterized in that: the device comprises a gantry support (2), wherein a reciprocating piston cylinder (1) is inversely and fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the gantry support (2), a piston rod of the reciprocating piston cylinder (1) penetrates through a top plate of the gantry support (2), and a cylinder pressure head (3) is installed at the tail end of the piston rod; a weighing type pressure sensor (14) is arranged right below the cylinder pressure head (3), the weighing type pressure sensor (14) is arranged at the top of a pressure sensor support (13), and the output load of the reciprocating piston cylinder (1) is transmitted to the air spring (10) to be tested through the pressure sensor support (13); during testing, the air spring (10) is arranged on the top of the spring supporting structure; and a deformation measuring device for measuring the compression deformation of the air spring (10) is arranged on the side wall of the pressure sensor bracket (13) in a matched manner.
2. The air spring static vertical stiffness testing device of claim 1, wherein: the cylinder pressure head (3) is fixed at the tail end of a piston rod of the reciprocating piston cylinder (1) through threaded connection; during testing, the lower end face of the air cylinder pressure head (3) is in contact with and applies pressure to the pressure-bearing tray (4) at the top of the weighing type pressure sensor (14); the pressure-bearing tray (4) is installed in a central threaded hole of the weighing type pressure sensor (14) through threaded connection.
3. The air spring static vertical stiffness test device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the weighing type pressure sensor (14) is provided with uniformly distributed threaded through holes, bolts penetrate through the threaded through holes, and the weighing type pressure sensor (14) is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor support (13).
4. The air spring static vertical stiffness test device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: an air spring matching mounting hole (132) used for being matched with an air spring is machined in the base of the pressure sensor support (13), a pressure sensor matching mounting hole (133) used for being matched with the weighing type pressure sensor (14) is machined in the top of the pressure sensor support (13), and a linkage rod mounting hole (131) is formed in the side wall of the base of the pressure sensor support (13).
5. The air spring static vertical stiffness testing device of claim 1, wherein: the spring supporting structure comprises an air spring support (9), the air spring support (9) is fixed in the middle of the base plate (8), and the gantry support (2) is integrally and fixedly installed on the top of the base plate (8); height preset guide rails (11) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the air spring support (9), a limiting sliding block (12) is adjustably mounted on the height preset guide rails (11), and the bottom end face of the limiting sliding block (12) is matched with a base of the pressure sensor support (13) and is limited.
6. The air spring static vertical stiffness testing device of claim 5, wherein: the base of the air spring support (9) is fixedly connected with the base plate (8) through a bolt, a threaded mounting hole is machined in the center of the top of the air spring support (9), and the threaded mounting hole is connected with the air spring (10) in a threaded fit mode and is fixed to the air spring (10); the central axis of the threaded mounting hole is superposed with the central axis of a piston rod of the reciprocating piston cylinder (1), so that the load bearing force of the air spring is always on the vertical symmetrical central axis.
7. The air spring static vertical stiffness testing device of claim 5, wherein: the height preset guide rail (11) is provided with height scales; the rectangle frame bilateral symmetry processing of stop block (12) has holding screw mounting hole, holding screw (121) are installed in the cooperation on the holding screw mounting hole, holding screw (121) cooperate with the lateral wall of highly preset guide rail (11) to highly adjust stop block's (12) height, make it be fixed in highly preset arbitrary scale position on guide rail (11), stop block (12) after the fixing set up air spring at recommended mounting height through the position of restriction pressure sensor support base.
8. The air spring static vertical stiffness testing device of claim 1, wherein: the deformation measuring device comprises a height sensor position track (7) arranged on the inner side wall of one upright post of the gantry support (2), a pull rope type height sensor (5) is arranged on the height sensor position track (7) in a sliding fit mode, the movable head of the pull rope type height sensor (5) is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor support (13) through a linkage rod (6), and the deformation of the air spring (10) is measured in real time.
9. The air spring static vertical stiffness testing device of claim 6, wherein: the pull rope type height sensor (5) can slide up and down in the height sensor position track (7) and is locked at any position so as to adapt to different initial heights of the air springs.
10. The method for testing the static vertical stiffness test device of the air spring according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
step 1: fixing a limiting slide block (12) at a set height of a height preset guide rail (11) by using a set screw (121), and ensuring that the recommended installation height of the air spring (10) is met when the pressure is regulated;
step 2: after the height adjustment is finished, filling a certain specific air pressure to the air spring (10) at the height;
step 3: the limiting sliding block (12) is adjusted and installed at the highest position of the height preset guide rail (11) again, and the air spring (10) is in a free height state;
step 4: adjusting the position of the pull rope type height sensor (5) in the height sensor position track (7) to adapt to the recommended installation height and free height of each type of air spring;
step 5: different vertical loads are applied to the air spring (10) in a simulated mode by changing the air inlet pressure of the reciprocating piston cylinder (1), the numerical values of the pull rope type height sensor (5) and the weighing type pressure sensor (14) are read and recorded in the loading process, and the vertical rigidity characteristic of the current air spring under the internal pressure can be calculated;
step 6: and changing the internal pressure of the air spring at the recommended height, and repeating Step 1-Step 5 to obtain the vertical stiffness characteristics of the air spring at different internal pressures.
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| CN201911113776.3A CN110793738B (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Device and method for testing static vertical stiffness of air spring |
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| CN201911113776.3A CN110793738B (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Device and method for testing static vertical stiffness of air spring |
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