CN110793585B - Wet air flow online measurement method and device based on V cone pressure loss ratio segmentation characteristic - Google Patents
Wet air flow online measurement method and device based on V cone pressure loss ratio segmentation characteristic Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wet air flow online measurement method and device based on V cone pressure loss ratio segmentation characteristics. The throttling element V cone is fixed by three supporting columns which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, so that the impact resistance of the throttling element can be effectively improved, and the reliability of the device is improved. The two-phase mass flow coefficient K and the pressure loss ratio with the piecewise function characteristic are introduced to establish a two-phase flow prediction relational expression, temperature, pressure, differential pressure and pressure loss signals in the pipeline are collected in real time, and the signals are subjected to iterative solution based on the established two-phase flow prediction method, so that the on-line measurement of the two-phase flow can be realized. The wet gas flow double-parameter online measurement method and device based on the V cone pressure loss ratio segmentation characteristic have the advantages of simple structure, stability and reliability, and the measurement precision can meet industrial requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of multiphase flow measurement, and particularly relates to a wet gas flow online measurement method and device based on a V cone pressure loss ratio segmentation characteristic.
Background
Moisture widely exists in scientific research and engineering practice in the fields of nuclear energy, chemical industry, metallurgy, power and the like, and accurate measurement of gas-liquid two-phase flow in the moisture is one of research hotspots in the field of multiphase flow.
The measurement of gas-liquid two-phase flow is mainly divided into two types, namely a separation method and an online method at present, the separation measurement method has large equipment and high investment cost, real-time measurement cannot be carried out, and the popularization degree in practical application is low; the online measurement method is widely applied to differential pressure type flowmeters, and the representative methods include a single-phase flowmeter combination, a single-phase flowmeter and a phase content sensor combination. The single-phase flowmeter combination method is a combination of two or more differential pressure type flowmeters, and representative patents are CN86207384U, CN101413817A and CN 101187660A. In order to reduce the signal interference between the upstream throttling element and the downstream throttling element, a certain flow development space needs to be reserved between the throttling devices, so that the whole size of the flowmeter is large, and the flowmeter is inconvenient to transport and install. In addition, the differential pressure response characteristics of the upstream throttling element and the downstream throttling element have obvious difference so as to ensure the smooth iterative solution of the two-phase flow, which puts higher requirements on the structural design. The method of combining the single-phase flowmeter and the phase content sensor realizes phase content measurement by means of ultrasonic waves, sonar, rays and the like, and realizes double-parameter measurement by matching with the single-phase flowmeter, and representative patents are CN106352931A, CN207730269U and CN 208012684U. Because supporting looks contain rate sensor mostly is the contact measurement, under the abominable operating mode such as long-term high temperature high pressure, strong corrosivity operating mode, this type of instrument operating stability is relatively poor. In addition, radiation hazards caused by the operation and maintenance processes of the ray sensing equipment exist continuously, and the industrial field safety management is inconvenient. Due to the factors of complex structure, high manufacturing cost, poor safety and reliability and the like, the method for combining the single-phase flowmeter and the phase content rate sensor is limited in popularization and application.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of complex structure, high manufacturing cost and poor safety and reliability of a gas-liquid two-phase flow measuring device in the prior art, the wet gas flow online measuring method and device based on the V cone pressure loss ratio segmented characteristic are provided, the method and device have the advantages of simple structure, low cost, safety and reliability, and the measuring precision can meet the industrial measuring requirement.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the wet air flow online measuring method based on the V cone pressure loss ratio segmentation characteristic comprises the following steps:
1) determining the apparent mass flow of the two-phase flow;
2) establishing a gas phase flow prediction model according to the apparent mass flow of the two-phase flow and based on the two-phase mass flow coefficient;
3) establishing a liquid phase flow prediction correlation based on the pressure loss ratio segmented characteristic;
the pressure loss ratio is defined as the ratio of the total pressure loss of the fluid after flowing through the V cone to the front pressure difference upstream of the V cone to the throat;
wherein, Δ Pwg-mFor the total pressure loss, Δ P, of the fluid after passing through the V-conewgThe front pressure difference from the upstream of the V cone to the throat part of the V cone;
4) obtaining a measured value of the gas phase flow and a predicted value of the liquid phase flow according to the gas phase flow prediction model obtained in the step 2) and the liquid phase flow prediction correlation obtained in the step 3);
5) determining the thickness H of the liquid film in front of the cone based on the constructed calculation model of the thickness of the liquid film in front of the cone according to the measured value of the gas phase flow and the predicted value of the liquid phase flow obtained in the step 4);
when H is larger than or equal to H, the predicted value of the liquid phase flow obtained in the step 4) is the final measured value of the liquid phase flow;
when H < H, executing step 6);
h is the distance from the lower edge of the V cone to the bottom of the pipeline;
6) and when H < H, determining the measured value of the liquid phase flow based on the liquid phase flow measurement correlation established by the pressure loss ratio segmented characteristic.
Preferably, the method for determining the apparent mass flow of the two-phase flow in step 1) is as follows:
setting V-cone in the pipeline, compensating two-phase density according to the pressure and temperature in the pipeline, and calculating the apparent mass flow m of the two-phase flow by combining the pressure drop from the upstream of the V-cone to the throat part of the V-coneapparent：
Wherein A is the sectional area of the pipeline, beta is the throttling ratio of the V cone, rhogIs gas phase density,. DELTA.PwgThe front pressure difference from the upstream of the V cone to the throat part of the V cone.
Preferably, the gas phase flow prediction correlation of step 2) is specifically as follows:
wherein FrgAnd FrlThe density Froude number, p, of the gas and liquid respectivelygAnd ρlThe density of the gas phase and the density of the liquid phase are respectively, and K is a two-phase mass flow coefficient.
Preferably, the fitting relation K ═ f (Fr) of the two-phase mass flow coefficient K in step 2)l,FrgDR) is obtained by a calibration experiment, and the definition formula of K is as follows;
wherein m isgAnd mlMass flow rates of gas phase and liquid phase, DR is density ratio of gas phase and liquid phase, and DR is rhog/ρl。
Preferably, the liquid phase flow prediction correlation in step 3) is as follows:
Frl＝f(DR,)
preferably, the calculation model of the thickness of the liquid film in front of the cone in the step 5) is as follows:
wherein,Lis the section gas content, D is the inner diameter of the pipe, and theta is the circumference wetting rate.
Preferably, the calculation method of the distance h from the lower edge of the V cone to the bottom of the pipeline in the step 5) is as follows:
preferably, the liquid phase flow measurement correlation in step 6) is as follows:
Frl＝f(Frg,DR,)
the invention also provides a wet gas flow online measuring device based on the V cone pressure loss ratio subsection characteristic, which comprises a pipeline, wherein the pipeline is provided with a V cone, and the pipeline is also provided with a first pressure difference meter, a second pressure difference meter, a pressure meter and a thermometer;
the first pressure difference meter, the second pressure difference meter, the pressure meter and the thermometer are connected with the data processing unit;
a first pressure difference meter for measuring the front differential pressure delta P from the upstream of the V cone to the throat of the V conewg；
A second pressure difference meter for measuring the total pressure loss delta P of the fluid after flowing through the V conewg-m；
A data processing unit for receiving pressure, temperature, and front differential pressure Δ P in the pipewgAnd total pressure loss Δ Pwg-mAnd carrying out iterative solution according to the method, and outputting the mass flow of the gas phase and the liquid phase.
Preferably, the V-cone comprises a support ring, a strut and a cone;
the both ends of support ring respectively with the tip joint of two pipelines, the cone setting is at the center of support ring, the tip of cone is connected with the inner wall of support ring through three pillar.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the wet gas flow double-parameter online measurement method based on the V cone pressure loss ratio segmented characteristic, a gas phase flow prediction model is established by introducing a two-phase mass flow coefficient K, a liquid phase flow prediction correlation is established based on the V cone pressure loss ratio segmented characteristic, and a liquid film thickness calculation model before the cone is established to realize implementation of a segmented calculation method. The wet gas flow double-parameter online measurement method provided by the invention has higher measurement precision, wherein the gas phase flow error is within +/-5%, and the liquid phase flow error is controlled within +/-20%. In addition, the two-phase errors are distributed symmetrically, which is beneficial to further reducing the accumulative errors. The measuring method provided by the invention is stable and reliable, and the measuring precision can meet the industrial application requirements.
The invention also provides a device of the wet gas flow double-parameter online measurement method based on the V cone pressure loss ratio subsection characteristic, the V cone and the pressure gauge, the temperature gauge and the differential pressure gauge are arranged in the pipeline, so that the pressure, temperature and differential pressure parameters in the pipeline are obtained, and the gas phase and liquid phase mass flow can be obtained according to the method.
Furthermore, the V-shaped cone is fixed on the support ring through three support columns which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, so that the shock resistance of the cone and the reliability of the device are improved; the end part of the support ring is clamped with the pipeline concentrically, so that the concentricity of the cone and the pipeline can be effectively ensured, and the measurement precision is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system layout diagram of a wet gas flow two-parameter online measurement device employed in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a V-cone structure and a fixing mode of three struts uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction thereof;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the present invention for two-phase flow iterative computation solution;
FIG. 4 is a calculation model of the liquid film thickness in front of the cone used in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a gas phase flow error distribution solved on-line by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an online solved liquid phase flow error distribution of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a downstream flange; 2. a pipeline; 3. v-cone; 4. an upstream flange; 5. a pressure gauge; 6. a first differential pressure gauge; 7. a second differential pressure gauge; 8. a three-valve group; 9. a hand valve; 10. a thermometer; 11. a data processing unit; 12. a pillar; 13. and (3) supporting the ring.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the attached drawings, which are illustrative, but not limiting, of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the wet gas flow online measuring device based on the sectional characteristics of the pressure loss ratio of the V-cone comprises a downstream flange 1, a pipeline 2, a V-cone 3 and an upstream flange 4.
The upstream flange 1 and the downstream flange 4 are connected with the pipeline 2 through welding, and are located at two ends of the pipeline, the pressure gauge 5 is used for measuring pressure in the pipeline 2, the differential pressure gauge 6 is used for measuring differential pressure before the upstream of the V cone 3 and the throat position of the V cone 3, and the pressure at the throat position of the V cone 3 penetrates through an opening at the vertex of the back cone of the V cone 3 and is led out of the pipeline 2 through the supporting rod. Differential pressure gauge 7 is used to measure the total pressure loss between the upstream and downstream pressure taking points of V-cone 3.
Three valve sets 8 are arranged under the first differential pressure gauge 6 and the second differential pressure gauge 7 and are used for protecting the differential pressure gauges under the strong impact working condition. Hand valves 9 are arranged on the pressure measuring pipelines of the pressure gauge 5, the differential pressure gauge 6 and the differential pressure gauge 7, so that the instruments can be conveniently replaced on line, and a thermometer 10 is arranged at the downstream of the pipeline 2 and used for measuring the temperature in the pipeline 2. The data processing unit 11 collects signals of each instrument, and iterative solution is carried out based on the established two-phase flow online measurement method, so that the two-phase flow online measurement can be realized.
Referring to fig. 2, the V-cone 3 includes a support ring 13, a strut 12, and a cone; the two ends of the support ring 13 are respectively clamped with the end parts of the two pipelines, the cone is arranged in the center of the support ring 13, and the end part of the cone is connected with the inner wall of the support ring 13 through three struts; the three struts are evenly distributed circumferentially in the support ring 13.
The support ring 13 both ends all are provided with the embedding step, and the support ring 13 is connected with pipeline 2, and the embedding step is located the inside of pipeline. In order to ensure the full development of two-phase flow, the length of the straight pipe section at the upstream of the V cone 3 is 5-7 times of the inner diameter of the pipeline, and the length of the straight pipe section at the downstream is 3-6 times of the inner diameter of the pipeline.
The V awl 3 is fixed in the support ring 13 through three pillars 12 of circumference equipartition, has promoted the shock resistance and the device reliability of cone, and the tip of support ring 13 inlays the dress in the pipeline, can effectively guarantee the concentricity of V awl 3 cone and pipeline 2.
The throttling ratio of the V-shaped cone 3 selected in the case is 0.45, the front cone angle and the rear cone angle are 45 degrees and 135 degrees respectively, and the inner diameter of the pipeline 2 is 50 mm.
Referring to fig. 3, a wet gas flow online measurement method based on V cone pressure loss ratio segmented characteristics includes the following steps:
1) determining the apparent mass flow of the two-phase flow.
Arranging a V cone in the pipeline, obtaining the pressure and temperature in the pipeline to perform two-phase density compensation, and determining the apparent mass flow of the two-phase flow by combining the pressure difference from the upstream of the V cone to the throat part of the V cone;
specifically, two-phase density compensation is completed based on the pressure P in the pipe obtained by the pressure gauge 5 and the temperature T in the pipe measured by the thermometer 10, and the front differential pressure delta P obtained by combining the first differential pressure gauge 6wgCalculating the apparent mass flow of the two-phase flowmapparentThe formula is as follows:
wherein A is the sectional area of the pipeline 2, beta is the throttling ratio of the V cone 3, and rhogIs gas phase density,. DELTA.PwgIs the front differential pressure measured by the first differential pressure gauge 6.
2) According to the apparent mass flow m of the two-phase flowapparentAnd establishing a gas phase flow prediction model based on the two-phase mass flow coefficient K.
The specific method comprises the following steps of obtaining K and the Froude number Fr of the liquid density through a calibration experimentlFitting relation between them.
K＝a·Frl+b
a＝f(DR,Frg)，b＝f(DR,Frg)
The gas and liquid density froude numbers are defined as follows:
wherein the density ratio DR is rhogRhol, rhol is the liquid phase density; u shapesg、UslApparent velocities of gas and liquid phases, U, respectivelysg＝4mg/(πD2·ρg)，Usl＝4ml/(πD2·ρl) (ii) a g is gravitational acceleration and D is tubeThe inside diameter of the tract.
In the examples, the specific relationship of K is shown in formula (4).
And (3) substituting the obtained relational expression of K into an expression, and solving and calculating the gas phase flow directly through the expression (2) on the premise that the liquid flow is known.
3) And establishing a liquid phase flow prediction relational expression based on the pressure loss ratio segmentation characteristics.
Defining the pressure loss ratio as the total pressure loss delta P of the fluid after flowing through the V conewg-mFront pressure difference delta P between the upstream of V cone and the throat of V conewgThe ratio of.
When the liquid film in front of the cone is thin and does not touch the lower edge of the cone, the pressure loss ratio is the gas density Froude number FrgFroude number Fr of liquid densitylAnd density ratio DR, i.e. ═ f (Fr)l,Frg,DR)；
When the thickness of the liquid film in front of the cone is increased to touch the lower edge of the cone, the liquid film is influenced by the action of the jet flow of the throat, the gas-liquid entrainment is increased after the cone, the influence of the gas-phase flow is small, and the liquid film is a liquid density Froude number FrlAnd density ratio DR, i.e. ═ f (Fr)l,DR)。
4) According to FrlF (DR,) and the gas phase flow prediction model established in the step 2) are combined to calculate the predicted liquid phase flow value
And a measured value m of gas phase flowg。
Specifically, the gas phase flow prediction model and the liquid phase flow prediction correlation Fr are establishedlF (DR), the data processing unit 11 is used to perform preliminary iterative solution calculation of two-phase flow to obtain a predicted value of liquid phase flow
And a measured value m of gas phase flowg。
5) According to the predicted value of the liquid phase flow
And measurement value m of gas phase flowgAnd determining the thickness H of the liquid film in front of the cone based on the constructed calculation model of the thickness of the liquid film in front of the cone.
Referring to FIG. 4, it is a model for calculating the thickness of the liquid film in front of the cone according to the present invention, wherein D is the inner diameter of the pipe, H is the thickness of the liquid film in front of the cone, phi0Half of the corresponding central angle of the liquid film. The thickness of the liquid film in front of the cone can pass
And (4) calculating.
Wherein,Lis the gas content of the cross section, by
Perform a calculation of Usg，UslAdopting the predicted value of the liquid phase flow obtained in the step (4)
And measurement value m of gas phase flowgObtaining; theta is the circumferential wetting rate by
And (4) calculating.
The distance from the lower edge of the V-shaped cone 3 to the bottom of the pipeline 2 is as follows
In this example, h is calculated to be 2.67 mm.
Comparing the thickness H of the liquid film before the cone with H, and when H is more than or equal to 2.67mm, predicting the liquid phase flow Fr obtained in the step 4)lF (DR), as a measured value of the liquid phase flow rate, and a correlation is calculated in (5).
Frl＝1.2003-116.0315DR/ln(DR)+7.32062ln (5)
When H is present<2.67mm, according to Frl＝f(FrgDR) combined with gas phase flow prediction model to calculate liquid phase flow measurement, calculation correlation see (6)
Frl＝-3.8016-0.0475Frg+22.7954DR+4.49090.5 (6)
FIGS. 5 and 6 are graphs of moisture range, or Loma parameter X, respectivelyLM<0.3 hours (Luoma parameter X)LMThe value of the content of the liquid phase in the moisture is represented by the formula
) The relative error of the gas-liquid phase flow obtained by adopting the wet gas flow double-parameter online measurement method provided by the invention is within +/-5%, and the extremely-low liquid-containing condition X is removedLM<And outside 0.02, the error of the liquid phase flow is within +/-20 percent, and the industrial application requirement can be met. In addition, the two-phase errors are distributed symmetrically, which is beneficial to further reducing the accumulative errors.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The wet air flow online measuring method based on the V cone pressure loss ratio segmented characteristic is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) determining the apparent mass flow of the two-phase flow;
setting V-cone in the pipeline, compensating two-phase density according to the pressure and temperature in the pipeline, and calculating the apparent mass flow m of the two-phase flow by combining the pressure drop from the upstream of the V-cone to the throat part of the V-coneapparent：
Wherein A is the sectional area of the pipeline (2), beta is the throttling ratio of the V cone (3), and rhogIs gas phase density,. DELTA.PwgThe front pressure difference from the upstream of the V cone to the throat part of the V cone;
2) establishing according to the apparent mass flow of the two-phase flow and based on the two-phase mass flow coefficientGas phase flow rate mgThe prediction model and the expression of the gas phase flow prediction model are as follows:
wherein FrgAnd FrlGas and liquid phase density Froude number, rhogAnd ρlThe density of the gas phase and the density of the liquid phase are respectively, and K is a two-phase mass flow coefficient;
3) establishing a liquid phase flow prediction correlation based on the pressure loss ratio segmented characteristic;
the pressure loss ratio is defined as the ratio of the total pressure loss of the fluid after flowing through the V cone to the front pressure difference upstream of the V cone to the throat;
wherein, Δ Pwg-mFor the total pressure loss, Δ P, of the fluid after passing through the V-conewgThe front pressure difference from the upstream of the V cone to the throat part of the V cone;
4) obtaining a measured value of the gas phase flow and a predicted value of the liquid phase flow according to the gas phase flow prediction model obtained in the step 2) and the liquid phase flow prediction correlation obtained in the step 3);
5) determining the thickness H of the liquid film in front of the cone based on the constructed calculation model of the thickness of the liquid film in front of the cone according to the measured value of the gas phase flow and the predicted value of the liquid phase flow obtained in the step 4);
the calculation model of the liquid film thickness in front of the cone is as follows:
wherein,Lis the section gas content, D is the inner diameter of the pipeline, theta is the circumference wetting rate;
when H is larger than or equal to H, the predicted value of the liquid phase flow obtained in the step 4) is the final measured value of the liquid phase flow;
when H < H, executing step 6);
h is the distance from the lower edge of the V cone to the bottom of the pipeline;
6) when H < H, determining a measured value of the liquid phase flow based on a liquid phase flow measurement correlation established by the pressure loss ratio segmented characteristic;
Frl＝f(Frg,DR,)
wherein DR is the density ratio of gas phase and liquid phase, and DR is rhog/ρl。
2. The online wet gas flow measurement method based on the V-cone pressure loss ratio segmented characteristic as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fitting relation K-f (Fr) of the two-phase mass flow coefficient K in step 2) isl,FrgDR), defined as follows:
wherein m isgAnd mlMass flow rates of gas phase and liquid phase, DR is density ratio of gas phase and liquid phase, and DR is rhog/ρl。
3. The online wet gas flow rate measurement method based on the V-cone pressure loss ratio segmented characteristic according to claim 2, wherein the liquid phase flow rate prediction correlation in step 3) is as follows:
Frl＝f(DR,)。
4. the online wet air flow measurement method based on the V-cone pressure loss ratio subsection characteristic as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calculation method of the distance h from the lower edge of the V-cone to the bottom of the pipeline in the step 5) is as follows:
5. the wet gas flow online measuring device based on the V cone pressure loss ratio subsection characteristic is characterized by comprising a pipeline (2), wherein a V cone (3) is arranged in the pipeline (2), and a first pressure difference meter (6), a second pressure difference meter (7), a pressure meter (5) and a thermometer (10) are further arranged on the pipeline;
the first pressure difference meter (6), the second pressure difference meter (7), the pressure meter (5) and the thermometer (10) are connected with the data processing unit (11);
a first pressure difference meter (6) for measuring the front pressure difference delta P from the upstream of the V cone (3) to the throat of the V cone (3)wg；
A second pressure difference meter (7) for measuring the total pressure loss delta P after the fluid flows through the V cone (3)wg-m；
A data processing unit (11) for receiving the pressure, temperature, and front pressure difference delta P in the pipewgAnd total pressure loss Δ Pwg-mAnd iteratively solved according to the method of any one of claims 1-4, to output mass flow rates of the gas and liquid phases.
6. The wet gas flow on-line measuring device based on the V-cone pressure loss ratio segmented characteristic according to claim 5, characterized in that the V-cone (4) comprises a support ring (13), a strut (12) and a cone;
the both ends of support ring (13) respectively with the tip joint of two pipelines, the cone sets up in the center of support ring (13), the tip of cone is connected with the inner wall of support ring (13) through three pillar (12).
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