CN110791619A - Large-diameter forged grinding ball for mine and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Large-diameter forged grinding ball for mine and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110791619A CN110791619A CN201911209960.8A CN201911209960A CN110791619A CN 110791619 A CN110791619 A CN 110791619A CN 201911209960 A CN201911209960 A CN 201911209960A CN 110791619 A CN110791619 A CN 110791619A
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- grinding ball
- water cooling
- quenching
- temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/18—Details
- B02C17/20—Disintegrating members
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/36—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for balls; for rollers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-diameter forged grinding ball for mines and a preparation process thereof, wherein the large-diameter forged grinding ball for mines comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.62-0.67% of C, 0.70-1.00% of Mn, 0.70-1.20% of Cr, 1.60-1.90% of Si, less than or equal to 0.03% of P, less than or equal to 0.03% of S, and the balance of Fe; the process comprises the following steps, step 1, preparation of raw materials: cutting a round steel blank with the same chemical composition as the round steel blank in the claim 1 into a certain length, heating the round steel blank to 1100-1200 ℃ in an induction heating mode, and then forging a grinding ball; step 2, quenching treatment: quenching treatment is carried out by adopting a secondary spiral roller water cooling mode; step 3, tempering: and (3) after quenching the grinding balls, carrying out low-temperature tempering treatment for keeping the temperature of 180-220 ℃ for 10 hours in time, and then cooling. According to the invention, through a reasonable forging process and a heat treatment process, the large-diameter forged grinding ball with good comprehensive mechanical properties for mines is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-performance grinding balls, in particular to a large-diameter forged grinding ball for mines and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The grinding balls are widely applied to the aspects of metallurgy, mining industry, cement manufacturing, chemical industry and the like, and the grinding balls consumed in China per year are counted to be 200 ten thousand tons, wherein the grinding balls consumed in the aspect of metallurgy and mining industry account for 70 percent of the total grinding balls consumed in the country, and the loss caused by the failure of the grinding balls per year is 40 hundred million. When the grinding ball fails, the grinding ball needs to be stopped and replaced by a new grinding ball, which seriously affects the production efficiency of enterprises, and the improvement of the grinding efficiency of the grinding ball becomes one of the concerns of the enterprises and related workers, but the grinding ball puts higher requirements on the comprehensive performance of the grinding ball, and not only needs higher hardness and hardenability, but also needs higher impact toughness, thereby prolonging the service life of the grinding ball. From the development trend of grinding balls in recent years, in order to improve the production efficiency of ore grinding of enterprises, the production of large ball mills is the development trend of the current ball mills, but the large ball mills need to be matched with large grinding balls, so that higher requirements on the performance of the grinding balls are met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that: the large-diameter forged grinding ball for the mine and the preparation process thereof are provided, a graded quenching mode is adopted, the quenching stress is reduced, the cracking tendency is reduced, and then the grinding ball is subjected to low-temperature tempering treatment to obtain the forged grinding ball with better comprehensive mechanical properties.
The invention provides a technical scheme for solving the problems, and the technical scheme is a large-diameter forged grinding ball for mines and a preparation process thereof, wherein the large-diameter forged grinding ball for mines comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.62-0.67% of C, 0.70-1.00% of Mn, 0.70-1.20% of Cr, 1.60-1.90% of Si, less than or equal to 0.03% of P, less than or equal to 0.03% of S, and the balance of Fe.
A preparation process of a large-diameter forged grinding ball for mines comprises the following steps,
step 1, preparation of raw materials: cutting a round steel blank with the same chemical composition as the round steel blank in the claim 1 into a certain length, heating the round steel blank to 1100-1200 ℃ in an induction heating mode, and then forging a grinding ball;
step 3, tempering: and (3) after quenching the grinding balls, carrying out low-temperature tempering treatment of keeping the temperature of 160-220 ℃ for 10 hours in time, and then cooling.
Preferably, the forging temperature in the step 1 is 1000-1100 ℃ and the finish forging temperature is 850-950 ℃.
Preferably, the first water cooling in the step 2 is to cool the forged grinding balls to 780-850 ℃ in air, then carry out water cooling quenching for 1-5 minutes, transfer the discharged water to a second water cooling tank, and cool the water for 1-5 minutes after the temperature of the secondary water cooling inlet water is 100-260 ℃;
compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: in the preparation process, a secondary spiral roller water cooling mode is adopted, so that the quenching stress is reduced, and the cracking tendency is reduced. And (3) tempering is carried out at 160-220 ℃ for 10h after quenching, internal stress generated by quenching can be eliminated after low-temperature tempering, and a tempered martensite structure is obtained after tempering, so that the high-strength and high-toughness large-diameter forged grinding ball for the mine after heat treatment has high comprehensive mechanical property. The hardness of the core is more than or equal to 58HRC, the difference between the surface hardness and the core hardness is less than or equal to 4HRC, and the impact toughness is as high as 20-30J/cm2And the grinding ball is subjected to a crushing resistance experiment to find that: the impact frequency of falling balls is more than 3 thousands of times, and the actual breaking rate is not higher than 1%.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1: metallographic structure of the grinding ball after heat treatment in example 1; wherein, (a) surface layer 500 ×; (b) core 500X;
FIG. 2: hardness values after heat treatment of the grinding balls in example 1;
FIG. 3: metallographic structure of the grinding ball after heat treatment in example 2; wherein, (a) surface layer 500 ×; (b) core 500X;
FIG. 4: hardness values after heat treatment of the grinding balls in example 2;
FIG. 5: impact toughness values at various locations after heat treatment of the grinding balls in example 2.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so that how to implement the embodiments of the present invention by using technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.
Example 1
In this example, a specific method for preparing the large-diameter forged grinding ball for mines is as follows:
step 1, preparation of raw materials: the chemical components by mass percent are as follows: cutting a round steel blank with the weight percentage of 0.62-0.67% of C, 0.70-1.00% of Mn, 0.70-1.20% of Cr, 1.60-1.90% of Si, less than or equal to 0.03% of P, less than or equal to 0.03% of S and the balance of Fe into corresponding lengths, heating the round steel blank to 1150 ℃ in an induction heating mode, and forging a grinding ball at the initial forging temperature of 1050 ℃ and the final forging temperature of 950 ℃;
step 3, tempering: heating the grinding ball to 180 ℃, preserving heat for 10 hours, and then adopting an air cooling mode;
step 4, observing metallographic structures of different parts of the grinding ball by using a metallographic microscope, wherein the result is shown in figure 1;
step 5, performing hardness tests on different parts of the grinding ball by using a Rockwell hardness tester, wherein the results are shown in figure 2;
example 2
In this example, a specific method for preparing the large-diameter forged grinding ball for mines is as follows:
step 1, preparation of raw materials: the chemical components by mass percent are as follows: cutting a round steel blank with the weight percentage of 0.62-0.67% of C, 0.70-1.00% of Mn, 0.70-1.20% of Cr, 1.60-1.90% of Si, less than or equal to 0.03% of P, less than or equal to 0.03% of S and the balance of Fe into corresponding lengths, heating the round steel blank to 1150 ℃ in an induction heating mode, and forging a grinding ball at the initial forging temperature of 1050 ℃ and the final forging temperature of 950 ℃;
step 3, tempering: heating the grinding ball to 180 ℃, preserving heat for 10 hours, and then adopting an air cooling mode;
step 4, observing the metallographic structure of different parts of the grinding ball by using a metallographic microscope, wherein the result is shown in a figure 3;
step 5, performing hardness tests on different parts of the grinding ball by using a Rockwell hardness tester, wherein the results are shown in FIG. 4;
and 6, carrying out impact toughness test on samples at different positions of the grinding ball by using a pendulum impact tester, wherein the result is shown in figure 5.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the specific structure thereof is allowed to vary. All changes which come within the scope of the invention as defined by the independent claims are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a mine is with major diameter forging ball which characterized in that: the large-diameter forged grinding ball for the mine comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.62-0.67% of C, 0.70-1.00% of Mn, 0.70-1.20% of Cr, 1.60-1.90% of Si, less than or equal to 0.03% of P, less than or equal to 0.03% of S, and the balance of Fe.
2. The preparation process of the large-diameter forged grinding ball for the mine according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation process comprises the following steps of,
step 1, preparation of raw materials: cutting a round steel blank with the same chemical composition as the round steel blank in the claim 1 into a certain length, heating the round steel blank to 1100-1200 ℃ in an induction heating mode, and then forging a grinding ball;
step 2, quenching treatment: quenching treatment is carried out by adopting a secondary spiral roller water cooling mode;
step 3, tempering: and (3) after quenching the grinding balls, carrying out low-temperature tempering treatment of keeping the temperature of 160-220 ℃ for 10 hours in time, and then cooling.
3. The preparation process of the large-diameter forged grinding ball for the mine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the forging temperature in the step 1 is 1000-1100 ℃, and the finish forging temperature is 850-950 ℃.
4. The preparation process of the large-diameter forged grinding ball for the mine according to claim 2, characterized in that: and in the step 2, the first water cooling is to cool the forged grinding balls to 780-850 ℃ in air, then carry out water cooling quenching for 1-5 minutes, transfer the discharged water to a second water cooling tank, and cool the discharged water for 1-5 minutes at the temperature of 100-260 ℃ in the secondary water cooling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911209960.8A CN110791619A (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Large-diameter forged grinding ball for mine and preparation process thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911209960.8A CN110791619A (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Large-diameter forged grinding ball for mine and preparation process thereof |
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| CN110791619A true CN110791619A (en) | 2020-02-14 |
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| CN201911209960.8A Pending CN110791619A (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Large-diameter forged grinding ball for mine and preparation process thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112775371A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-05-11 | 山东东铁铸锻有限公司 | High-automation forged ball production process |
| CN113832308A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-24 | 云南衡纬科技有限公司 | Martensite, bainite and austenite grinding ball continuous isothermal quenching heat treatment method and device |
| CN115323264A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-11-11 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | High-wear-resistance steel ball AK-B3 hot-rolled round steel and production method thereof |
| CN115468457A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2022-12-13 | 北京坤飞航天科技有限公司 | Anti-invasion structure with special-shaped surface penetration-resistant layer |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112775371A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-05-11 | 山东东铁铸锻有限公司 | High-automation forged ball production process |
| CN113832308A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-24 | 云南衡纬科技有限公司 | Martensite, bainite and austenite grinding ball continuous isothermal quenching heat treatment method and device |
| CN115323264A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-11-11 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | High-wear-resistance steel ball AK-B3 hot-rolled round steel and production method thereof |
| CN115323264B (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2023-09-26 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | High-wear-resistance steel ball AK-B3 hot rolled round steel and production method thereof |
| CN115468457A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2022-12-13 | 北京坤飞航天科技有限公司 | Anti-invasion structure with special-shaped surface penetration-resistant layer |
| CN115468457B (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2024-06-07 | 北京坤飞航天科技有限公司 | Anti-explosion structure with special-shaped surface anti-penetration layer |
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