CN110790542B - Baking-free brick prepared from copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Baking-free brick prepared from copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110790542B CN110790542B CN201911248411.1A CN201911248411A CN110790542B CN 110790542 B CN110790542 B CN 110790542B CN 201911248411 A CN201911248411 A CN 201911248411A CN 110790542 B CN110790542 B CN 110790542B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- baking
- lead
- copper
- zinc smelting
- wastewater sludge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a baking-free brick prepared from copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge and a preparation method thereof, and the baking-free brick is mainly prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 10-50 parts of pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge, 10-40 parts of cement, 10-30 parts of sand and 20-40 parts of aggregate. The compression strength index of the baking-free brick provided by the invention reaches the strength grade MU35.0 standard of concrete solid bricks (GBT 21144-.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge and resource utilization, in particular to a baking-free brick prepared from copper, lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The nonferrous metal consumes a large amount of mineral resources, energy and water resources in the production process, generates a large amount of solid waste, waste water and waste gas, pollutes the environment, but can also become available resources. Sludge generated in the wastewater treatment process contains a plurality of toxic and harmful heavy metals (Cd, As, Cu, Cr, Se and the like), and great pollution and potential threat are caused to the environment.
In the solid waste discharged by copper pyrometallurgy, the main components in lime neutralization slag of a waste acid treatment system are As, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu and the like. Therefore, the safe disposal of arsenic is an urgent problem to be solved in copper smelting systems.
One of the main pollution sources in the lead-zinc smelting process is waste water, and the waste water usually contains a certain amount of heavy metal cations such As Pb, Hg, Cd, Zn, Cu, As and the like and F-、Cl-And SO4 2-And the like harmful anions. Therefore, the wastewater treatment sludge formed after passing through the waste acid system often contains Pb, Hg, Cd, Zn, Cu, and As, and the main component is calcium sulfate or metal sulfide.
The baking-free brick is also called as a non-sintered brick, can avoid the serious waste of land resources caused by the traditional sintered brick, needs a large amount of fuel for sintering in the preparation process, and discharges SO in the preparation process2The pollution to the environment. At present, the baking-free bricks are widely applied in the field of buildings, and at present, mainly aiming at the characteristics and the harmfulness of the sludge in wastewater treatment, the curing/harmless treatment is carried out from the aspects of environmental pollution prevention and resource recycling, and the harmless treatment is carried out after the harmless treatment. However, with the development of society, resources are increasingly scarce, and sludge can also become available resources.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a baking-free brick prepared by using copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge, which completely or partially solves the problems of large sludge generation amount, serious pollution, high landfill cost and large land occupation in the wastewater treatment in the copper, lead and zinc smelting industry, wherein the baking-free brick has the compression strength index reaching the MU35.0 standard of concrete solid brick (GBT 21144-2007) strength grade, the freezing resistance reaching all performances meeting the building brick requirements, the radioactivity meeting the requirements of building material radionuclide limits (GB 6566-2010), the leaching concentration and the corrosivity of the baking-free and steaming-free standard brick not exceeding the standard, and the hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification (GB5085.3-2007) standard and the hazardous waste identification standard corrosivity identification (GB5085.1-2007) standard.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
a baking-free brick prepared from copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge is mainly prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
10-50 parts of pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge, 10-40 parts of cement, 10-30 parts of sand and 20-40 parts of aggregate.
Preferably, the baking-free brick prepared by using the copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge is mainly prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
13-20 parts of pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge, 15-23 parts of cement, 15-23 parts of sand and 27-38 parts of aggregate.
Preferably, the cement comprises one or more of portland cement, ordinary portland cement, portland slag cement, pozzolanic portland cement and portland fly ash cement.
Preferably, the particle size of the aggregate is 1-15 mm, and more preferably 2-8 mm;
more preferably, the aggregate comprises one or a combination of several of stone powder, broken stone, steel slag and ceramic sand.
Preferably, the average grain size of the sand material is 0.074-2 mm;
more preferably, the sand material comprises one or more of building sand, river sand and tailing sand.
The preparation method of the baking-free brick prepared by using the copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge comprises the following steps:
(a) adding sand materials into the pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge for primary stirring, and then adding cement and aggregate for secondary stirring;
preferably, the primary stirring and/or the secondary stirring are/is performed by a vertical turbulent mixer;
(b) sieving the mixture obtained after the secondary stirring in the step (a), and returning oversize products to the step (a) to continue the secondary stirring;
preferably, the size of the screened screen is 5-10 mm, and preferably, the screened device is selected from a rotary screen or a vibrating screen;
(c) forming and curing the undersize product obtained in the step (b) to obtain the baking-free brick;
preferably, the molding is extrusion molding, and the extrusion molding device is selected from a semi-dry hydraulic molding machine or a vacuum double-shaft extrusion molding machine;
more preferably, the extrusion pressure of the semi-dry type hydraulic forming machine is 15-20 MPa;
more preferably, the extrusion pressure of the vacuum biaxial extrusion molding machine is 10-15 MPa.
In the step (a), the pretreatment operation is performed by using a dispersant, wherein the dispersant comprises one or more of hexametaphosphate, sodium lignosulfonate and a special dispersant.
Preferably, in step (d), the curing is selected from natural curing or autoclave curing;
preferably, the natural curing temperature is 20-27 ℃, the relative humidity is 90-100%, and the curing time is more than or equal to 28 days.
Preferably, the autoclave curing specifically includes: raising the temperature and the pressure for 2-2.5 hours to reach a constant temperature and a constant pressure for 6-6.5 hours, then lowering the temperature and the pressure for 1-1.5 hours, and finishing the curing after the pressure is lowered;
the pressure of the constant pressure is 1-1.15 MPa, and the temperature of the constant temperature is 185-186 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides a baking-free brick prepared by using copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge, provides a new application field for the treatment of copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge, solves the problems of large sludge generation amount, serious pollution, high landfill cost, large land occupation and certain economic, environmental and social benefits of copper, lead and zinc smelting enterprises.
(2) The invention provides a baking-free brick prepared by using copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge, which has the compression strength index reaching the strength grade MU35.0 standard of concrete solid bricks (GBT 21144-2007), the corresponding maximum water absorption of 9.1 percent, the softening coefficient of 0.95, the drying shrinkage of 0.033, the relative water content (in a medium humidity area) of 32 percent, the carbonization coefficient of 0.99, the freezing resistance (F35) strength loss rate of 21 percent and the mass loss rate of 0.5 percent. The frost resistance meets the requirements of building bricks.
(3) The invention provides a baking-free brick prepared by using copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge, and the radioactivity of the baking-free brick meets the requirements of building material radionuclide limits (GB 6566-.
(4) The invention provides a baking-free brick prepared by using copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge, wherein the leaching concentration and the corrosivity of the baking-free and steaming-free standard brick are not over standard, and the baking-free and steaming-free standard brick meets the standards of hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification (GB5085.3-2007) and hazardous waste identification standard corrosivity identification (GB 5085.1-2007).
(5) The invention provides a preparation method of baking-free bricks, which is convenient, simple and easy for batch production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation process of a baking-free brick prepared by using copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater and sludge provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following described embodiments are some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention, and are only used for illustrating the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The invention provides a baking-free brick prepared from copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge, which is mainly prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
10-50 parts of pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge, 10-40 parts of cement, 10-30 parts of sand and 20-40 parts of aggregate.
The invention provides a baking-free brick, which has the compression strength index reaching the strength grade MU35.0 standard of concrete solid bricks (GBT 21144-. The frost resistance meets the requirements of building bricks. The radioactivity meets the requirements of building material radionuclide limits (GB 6566-. The leaching concentration and the corrosivity of the burning-free and steaming-free standard brick are not over standard, and the standard accords with the standard of hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification (GB5085.3-2007) and the standard of hazardous waste identification standard corrosivity identification (GB 5085.1-2007).
Wherein the copper sludge is formed by sludge (neutralization slag) containing heavy metals and arsenic in the process of treating acid wastewater (waste acid) by a lime-iron salt method in copper pyrometallurgy. The main component of the carbide slag milk is Ca (OH)2Reacts with sulfuric acid in the waste acid to generate CaSO4·xH2O is the main component of the sludge. The lead-zinc wastewater sludge is wastewater treatment sludge formed after the lead-zinc smelting process mainly passes through a waste acid system.
Further, the components of the baking-free brick are optimized and mainly prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
13-20 parts of pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge, 15-23 parts of cement, 15-23 parts of sand and 27-38 parts of aggregate.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the cement may be selected from different types and types of cement materials, and the cement includes one or more selected from portland cement, ordinary portland cement, portland slag cement, pozzolanic portland cement, and portland fly ash cement.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the type and particle size of the aggregate are preferably selected, and the particle size of the aggregate is 1 to 15mm, and more preferably 2 to 8 mm;
more preferably, the aggregate comprises one or a combination of several of stone powder, broken stone, steel slag and ceramic sand.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the type and the particle size of the sand material are preferably selected, and the average particle size of the sand material is 0.074-2 mm;
more preferably, the sand material comprises one or more of building sand, river sand and tailing sand.
The invention provides a preparation method of a baking-free brick prepared by using copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge, which comprises the following steps:
(a) adding sand materials into the pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge for primary stirring, and then adding cement and aggregate for secondary stirring;
preferably, the primary stirring and/or the secondary stirring adopt a vertical high-speed turbulent flow stirrer for stirring, the working principle of the vertical high-speed turbulent flow stirrer is that a rotary stirring cylinder body continuously sends materials to a position below a high-speed blade to form countercurrent material flow with a large speed difference, a multifunctional discharging wall scraping system in a turbulent flow state formed by the impact of the blade can effectively prevent the mixture from being adhered to the wall of the stirring cylinder body, ensure that the materials form a strong vertical component, enhance the stirring effect, accelerate discharging after the stirring is finished, and shorten the discharging time;
(b) sieving the mixture obtained after the secondary stirring in the step (a), and returning oversize products to the step (a) to continue the secondary stirring;
preferably, the size of the screened screen is 5-10 mm, and preferably, the screened device is selected from a rotary screen or a vibrating screen;
(c) forming and curing the undersize product obtained in the step (b) to obtain the baking-free brick;
preferably, the molding is extrusion molding, and the extrusion molding device is selected from a semi-dry hydraulic molding machine or a vacuum double-shaft extrusion molding machine;
more preferably, the extrusion pressure of the semi-dry type hydraulic forming machine is 15-20 MPa;
more preferably, the extrusion pressure of the vacuum biaxial extrusion molding machine is 10-15 MPa.
The preparation method of the baking-free brick solves the common technical problems of difficult uniform mixing of the brick making agglomerated materials recycled from the copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater and sludge, poor product strength, high water absorption, poor freeze-thaw resistance and the like.
In the step (a), the pretreatment operation is performed by using a dispersant, wherein the dispersant comprises one or more of hexametaphosphate, sodium lignosulfonate and a special dispersant.
Preferably, in step (d), the curing is selected from natural curing or autoclave curing;
preferably, the natural curing temperature is 20-27 ℃, the relative humidity is 90-100%, and the curing time is more than or equal to 28 days.
Preferably, the autoclave curing specifically includes: raising the temperature and the pressure for 2-2.5 hours to reach a constant temperature and a constant pressure for 6-6.5 hours, then lowering the temperature and the pressure for 1-1.5 hours, and finishing the curing after the pressure is lowered;
the pressure of the constant pressure is 1-1.15 MPa, and the constant temperature is 185-186 ℃.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Example 1
The baking-free brick provided by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials:
13 parts of pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge with the water content of 10 wt%, 29 parts of cement, 20 parts of sand and 38 parts of aggregate. Wherein the cement is ordinary portland cement; the average grain diameter of the sand material is 0.074 mm; the aggregate is stone (broken stone).
The preparation method of the baking-free brick provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) mixing and stirring the copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge to be treated with a dispersing agent for 5min to obtain pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge;
(b) adding sand materials into the pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge obtained in the step (a), stirring by using a vertical turbulent flow stirrer for primary stirring, then adding cement and aggregate, and stirring by using a vertical turbulent flow stirrer for secondary stirring;
(c) enabling the mixture obtained after the secondary stirring in the step (b) to pass through a self-vibrating screen, wherein the size of the screen is 5mm, and returning oversize materials to the step (b) to continue the secondary stirring;
(d) extruding and molding the undersize obtained in the step (c) by adopting a semi-dry type hydraulic molding machine under the pressure of 15MPa, and then carrying out natural curing to obtain the baking-free brick;
wherein the natural curing temperature is 20 ℃, the relative humidity is 90%, and the curing time is 28 days.
Example 2
The baking-free brick provided by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials:
20 parts of pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge with the water content of 50 wt%, 35 parts of cement, 15 parts of sand and 30 parts of aggregate. Wherein the cement is ordinary portland cement; the average grain diameter of the sand material is 2 mm; the aggregate is stone (broken stone).
The preparation method of the baking-free brick provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) mixing and stirring the copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge to be treated with a dispersing agent for 10min to obtain pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge;
(b) adding sand materials into the pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge obtained in the step (a), stirring by using a vertical turbulent flow stirrer for primary stirring, then adding cement and aggregate, and stirring by using a vertical turbulent flow stirrer for secondary stirring;
(c) passing the mixture obtained after the secondary stirring in the step (b) through a self-rolling drum sieve, wherein the size of the sieve is 5-10 mm, and returning oversize materials to the step (b) to continue the secondary stirring;
(d) extruding and molding the undersize obtained in the step (c) by adopting a semi-dry type hydraulic molding machine under the pressure of 20MPa, and then carrying out natural curing to obtain the baking-free brick;
wherein the natural curing temperature is 27 ℃, the relative humidity is 100%, and the curing time is 30 days.
Example 3
The baking-free brick provided by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials:
18 parts of pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge with the water content of 20 wt%, 23 parts of cement, 23 parts of sand and 36 parts of aggregate. Wherein the cement is ordinary portland cement; the average grain diameter of the sand material is 1 mm; the aggregate is stone (broken stone).
The preparation method of the baking-free brick provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) mixing and stirring the copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge to be treated with a dispersing agent for 6min to obtain pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge;
(b) adding sand materials into the pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge obtained in the step (a), stirring by using a vertical turbulent flow stirrer for primary stirring, then adding cement and aggregate, and stirring by using a vertical turbulent flow stirrer for secondary stirring;
(c) passing the mixture obtained after the secondary stirring in the step (b) through a self-rolling drum sieve, wherein the size of the sieve is 5-10 mm, and returning oversize materials to the step (b) to continue the secondary stirring;
(d) extruding and molding the undersize product obtained in the step (c) by a vacuum double-shaft extrusion molding machine under the pressure of 10MPa, and then performing autoclaved curing to obtain the baking-free brick;
wherein, the steam pressure curing specifically comprises the following steps: raising the temperature and the pressure for 2 hours, reducing the temperature and the pressure for 1 hour after the constant temperature and the constant pressure of 185 ℃ and 1MPa are reached for 6 hours, and finishing the curing after the pressure reduction is finished.
Example 4
The baking-free brick provided by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials:
25 parts of pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge with the water content of 30 wt%, 25 parts of cement, 20 parts of sand and 30 parts of aggregate. Wherein the cement is ordinary portland cement; the average grain diameter of the sand material is 1.5 mm; the aggregate is stone (broken stone).
The preparation method of the baking-free brick provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) mixing and stirring the copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge to be treated with a dispersing agent for 7min to obtain pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge;
(b) adding sand materials into the pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge obtained in the step (a), stirring by using a vertical turbulent flow stirrer for primary stirring, then adding cement and aggregate, and stirring by using a vertical turbulent flow stirrer for secondary stirring;
(c) passing the mixture obtained after the secondary stirring in the step (b) through a self-rolling drum sieve, wherein the size of the sieve is 7mm, and returning oversize materials to the step (b) to continue the secondary stirring;
(d) extruding and molding the undersize obtained in the step (c) at 18MPa by using a semi-dry hydraulic molding machine, and then carrying out autoclaved curing to obtain the baking-free brick;
wherein, the steam pressure curing specifically comprises the following steps: raising the temperature and the pressure for 2.5 hours, reducing the temperature and the pressure for 1.15MPa after reaching the temperature of 186 ℃ and the constant temperature and the constant pressure for 6.5 hours, and finishing the curing after the pressure reduction is finished.
Example 5
The baking-free brick provided by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials:
18 parts of pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge with the water content of 10-50 wt%, 32 parts of cement, 23 parts of sand and 27 parts of aggregate. Wherein the cement is ordinary portland cement; the average grain diameter of the sand material is 1.2 mm; the aggregate is stone (broken stone).
The preparation method of the baking-free brick provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) mixing and stirring the copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge to be treated with a dispersing agent for 8min to obtain pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge;
(b) adding sand materials into the pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge obtained in the step (a), stirring by using a vertical turbulent flow stirrer for primary stirring, then adding cement and aggregate, and stirring by using a vertical turbulent flow stirrer for secondary stirring;
(c) passing the mixture obtained after the secondary stirring in the step (b) through a self-rolling drum sieve, wherein the size of the sieve is 8mm, and returning oversize materials to the step (b) to continue the secondary stirring;
(d) extruding and molding the undersize obtained in the step (c) by adopting a semi-dry type hydraulic molding machine under the pressure of 16MPa, and then carrying out natural curing to obtain the baking-free brick;
wherein the natural curing temperature is 22 ℃, the relative humidity is 95%, and the curing time is 35 days.
Example 6
The baking-free brick provided by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials:
14 parts of pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge with the water content of 40 wt%, 23 parts of water, 23 parts of sand and 40 parts of aggregate. Wherein the cement is ordinary portland cement; the average grain diameter of the sand material is 0.8 mm; the aggregate is stone (broken stone).
The preparation method of the baking-free brick provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) mixing and stirring the copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge to be treated with a dispersing agent for 8min to obtain pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge;
(b) adding sand materials into the pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge obtained in the step (a), stirring by using a vertical turbulent flow stirrer for primary stirring, then adding cement and aggregate, and stirring by using a vertical high-speed turbulent flow stirrer for secondary stirring;
(c) enabling the mixture obtained after the secondary stirring in the step (b) to pass through a self-vibrating screen, wherein the size of the screen is 9mm, and returning oversize materials to the step (b) to continue the secondary stirring;
(d) extruding and molding the undersize product obtained in the step (c) by a vacuum double-shaft extrusion molding machine under the pressure of 12MPa, and then carrying out natural curing to obtain the baking-free brick;
wherein the natural curing temperature is 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 98 percent, and the curing time is 33 days.
Example 7
The baking-free brick provided by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials:
19 parts of pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge with the water content of 25 wt%, 24 parts of water, 14 parts of sand and 43 parts of aggregate. Wherein the cement is ordinary portland cement; the average grain diameter of the sand material is 0.9 mm; the aggregate is stone (broken stone).
The preparation method of the baking-free brick provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) mixing and stirring the copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge to be treated with a dispersing agent for 10min to obtain pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge;
(b) adding sand materials into the pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge obtained in the step (a), stirring by using a vertical high-speed turbulent flow stirrer for primary stirring, then adding cement and aggregate, and stirring by using the vertical high-speed turbulent flow stirrer for secondary stirring;
(c) passing the mixture obtained after the secondary stirring in the step (b) through a vibrating screen, wherein the size of the screen is 9mm, and returning oversize materials to the step (b) to continue the secondary stirring;
(d) extruding and molding the undersize product obtained in the step (c) by a vacuum double-shaft extrusion molding machine under the pressure of 12MPa, and then performing autoclaved curing to obtain the baking-free brick;
wherein, the steam pressure curing specifically comprises the following steps: raising the temperature and the pressure for 2 hours, reducing the temperature and the pressure for 1.1MPa after the constant temperature and the constant pressure of 186 ℃ are reached for 6.5 hours, and finishing the curing after the pressure reduction is finished.
Example 8
The baking-free brick provided by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials:
10 parts of pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge with the water content of 35 wt%, 40 parts of water, 20 parts of sand and 30 parts of aggregate. Wherein the cement is ordinary portland cement; the average grain diameter of the sand material is 1.8 mm; the aggregate is stone (broken stone).
The preparation method of the baking-free brick provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) mixing and stirring the copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge to be treated with a dispersing agent for 5min to obtain pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge;
(b) adding sand materials into the pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge obtained in the step (a), stirring by using a vertical high-speed turbulent flow stirrer for primary stirring, then adding cement and aggregate, and stirring by using the vertical high-speed turbulent flow stirrer for secondary stirring;
(c) passing the mixture obtained after the secondary stirring in the step (b) through a self-rolling drum sieve, wherein the size of the sieve is 10mm, and returning oversize materials to the step (b) to continue the secondary stirring;
(d) extruding and molding the undersize product obtained in the step (c) by a vacuum double-shaft extrusion molding machine under the pressure of 13MPa, and then carrying out autoclaved curing to obtain the baking-free brick;
wherein the natural curing temperature is 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 93 percent, and the curing time is 40 days.
Example 9
The baking-free brick provided by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials:
55 parts of pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge with the water content of 45 wt%, 10 parts of water, 10 parts of sand and 35 parts of aggregate. Wherein the cement is ordinary portland cement; the average grain diameter of the sand material is 1.1 mm; the aggregate is stone (broken stone).
The preparation method of the baking-free brick provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) mixing and stirring the copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge to be treated with a dispersing agent for 8min to obtain pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge;
(b) adding sand materials into the pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge obtained in the step (a), stirring by using a vertical high-speed turbulent flow stirrer for primary stirring, then adding cement and aggregate, and stirring by using the vertical high-speed turbulent flow stirrer for secondary stirring;
(c) enabling the mixture obtained after the secondary stirring in the step (b) to pass through a vibrating screen, wherein the size of the screen is 5-10 mm, and returning oversize materials to the step (b) to continue the secondary stirring;
(d) extruding and molding the undersize obtained in the step (c) by a semi-dry hydraulic molding machine under the pressure of 15MPa, and then carrying out autoclaved curing to obtain the baking-free brick;
wherein, the steam pressure curing specifically comprises the following steps: raising the temperature and the pressure for 2.5 hours, reducing the temperature and the pressure for 1.5 hours after reaching the temperature of 185 ℃ and the constant temperature and the constant pressure of 1MPa for 6 hours, and finishing the curing after the pressure reduction is finished.
Comparative example 1: compared with the example 9, the sludge is not pretreated, other steps are the same, the finally prepared baking-free brick has qualified physical properties such as strength and the like, but the heavy metal exceeds the standard and has unqualified leaching toxicity, and the test result is shown in the table 1.
Table 1 test results of hazardous components of baking-free bricks obtained in comparative examples
Comparative example 2: in the preparation process, a brick machine adopting a common vibration forming principle is adopted to replace a hydraulic press for extrusion forming, the 28d compressive strength of the baking-free brick prepared in the comparative example 2 is tested, and the test result is between 6.1 and 6.4, which is far lower than that of the baking-free brick prepared by adopting a hydraulic forming machine in the embodiment.
Comparative example 3: a vertical high-speed turbulent mixer is not used, and only common mechanical stirring is adopted, so that the brick making aggregate is difficult to break up, the strength of the brick is very low, and the unqualified raw material treatment causes the unqualified performance of the prepared baking-free brick.
Comparative example 4: compared with the example 1, the sludge doping amount of the comparative example 4 is more than 50%, the obtained baking-free brick has insufficient frost resistance, the strength loss of the F35 in a freeze-thaw test is more than 25%, and the mass loss is more than 5%.
Experimental example 1 baking-free brick Performance test
The test results of different sludge incorporation levels are shown in table 2, and the properties and criteria of the preparation under the optimal conditions are shown in table 3.
TABLE 2 baking-free brick Performance test results
TABLE 3 test items and standards for baking-free brick performance
The experiment results of the optimal conditions in table 3 show that the compressive strength index of the baking-free brick provided by the application reaches the strength grade MU35.0 standard of concrete solid bricks (GBT 21144-. The frost resistance meets the requirements of building bricks. And the radioactivity meets the requirements of building material radionuclide limits (GB 6566-. The leaching concentration and the corrosivity of the burning-free and steaming-free standard brick are not over standard, and the standard accords with the standard of hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification (GB5085.3-2007) and the standard of hazardous waste identification standard corrosivity identification (GB 5085.1-2007). And the preparation method of the baking-free brick is convenient and simple, and is easy for batch production.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are not restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some or all of the features thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention; it is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such alternatives and modifications that are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. The baking-free brick prepared from copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge is characterized by being prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
13-20 parts of pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge, 15-23 parts of cement, 15-23 parts of sand and 27-38 parts of aggregate;
the preparation method of the baking-free brick comprises the following steps:
(a) adding sand materials into the pretreated copper-lead-zinc smelting wastewater sludge for primary stirring, and then adding cement and aggregate for secondary stirring;
the primary stirring and/or the secondary stirring are/is carried out by adopting a vertical turbulent mixer;
(b) sieving the mixture obtained after the secondary stirring in the step (a), and returning oversize products to the step (a) to continue the secondary stirring;
the size of the sieved screen is 5-10 mm, and the sieved device is selected from a rotary screen or a vibrating screen;
(c) forming and curing the undersize product obtained in the step (b) to obtain the baking-free brick;
in step (a), the pre-treatment operation is carried out with a dispersant; the forming is extrusion forming, and the extrusion forming device is selected from a semi-dry hydraulic forming machine or a vacuum double-shaft extrusion forming machine.
2. The baking-free brick prepared by using the copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cement comprises one or more of Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement, Portland slag cement, pozzolanic Portland cement and fly ash Portland cement.
3. The baking-free brick prepared from the copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge according to claim 1, wherein the aggregate has a particle size of 1-15 mm.
4. The baking-free brick prepared from the copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge according to claim 1, wherein the aggregate has a particle size of 2-8 mm.
5. The baking-free brick prepared by using the copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aggregate comprises one or more of stone powder, broken stone, steel slag and ceramic sand.
6. The baking-free brick prepared from the copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge according to claim 1, wherein the average grain size of the sand material is 0.074-2 mm.
7. The baking-free brick prepared by using the copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sand material comprises one or more of building sand, river sand and tailing sand.
8. The baking-free brick prepared from the copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion pressure of the semi-dry type hydraulic forming machine is 15-20 MPa.
9. The baking-free brick prepared by using the copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extrusion pressure of the vacuum double-shaft extrusion molding machine is 10-15 MPa.
10. The baking-free brick prepared by using the copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (a), the dispersant comprises one or two of hexametaphosphate and sodium lignosulfonate.
11. The baking-free brick prepared by using the copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (d), the curing is selected from natural curing or autoclaved curing.
12. The baking-free brick prepared by using the copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge as claimed in claim 11, wherein the natural curing temperature is 20-27 ℃, the relative humidity is 90-100%, and the curing time is not less than 28 days.
13. The baking-free brick prepared by using the copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge as claimed in claim 12, wherein the autoclaved curing specifically comprises: raising the temperature and the pressure for 2-2.5 hours to reach a constant temperature and a constant pressure for 6-6.5 hours, then lowering the temperature and the pressure for 1-1.5 hours, and finishing the curing after the pressure is lowered;
the pressure of the constant pressure is 1-1.15 MPa, and the temperature of the constant temperature is 185-186 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911248411.1A CN110790542B (en) | 2019-12-09 | 2019-12-09 | Baking-free brick prepared from copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911248411.1A CN110790542B (en) | 2019-12-09 | 2019-12-09 | Baking-free brick prepared from copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110790542A CN110790542A (en) | 2020-02-14 |
| CN110790542B true CN110790542B (en) | 2022-04-01 |
Family
ID=69447781
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911248411.1A Active CN110790542B (en) | 2019-12-09 | 2019-12-09 | Baking-free brick prepared from copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110790542B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114890721A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-08-12 | 安徽理工大学 | Autoclaved brick prepared by utilizing non-ferrous metal mineral processing wastewater |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11180750A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 1999-07-06 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | Lining concrete |
| CN103011738A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-04-03 | 昆明理工大学 | Curing method of copper sludge |
| FR2991890A1 (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2013-12-20 | Solvay | WASTE PROCESSING PROCESS |
| CN106630712A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-10 | 湖南埃格环保科技有限公司 | Water-resistant building gypsum powder prepared from copper-containing sludge biological leaching residues and preparation method thereof |
| CN108203271A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2018-06-26 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Baking-free and steaming-free brick prepared by treating sludge with lead-zinc smelting wastewater and preparation method thereof |
| CN110283996A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-27 | 广西冶金研究院有限公司 | A kind of smelting process of energy-saving and environment-friendly copper-contained sludge |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100812828B1 (en) * | 2007-04-24 | 2008-03-12 | 임재삼 | Solidifying agent for sewage or wastewater sludge and covering material for waste reclamation land prepared using this |
| CN101357368B (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2011-07-27 | 淡江大学 | Heavy metal stabilization method in garbage incineration ash |
-
2019
- 2019-12-09 CN CN201911248411.1A patent/CN110790542B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11180750A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 1999-07-06 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | Lining concrete |
| FR2991890A1 (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2013-12-20 | Solvay | WASTE PROCESSING PROCESS |
| CN103011738A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-04-03 | 昆明理工大学 | Curing method of copper sludge |
| CN106630712A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-10 | 湖南埃格环保科技有限公司 | Water-resistant building gypsum powder prepared from copper-containing sludge biological leaching residues and preparation method thereof |
| CN108203271A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2018-06-26 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Baking-free and steaming-free brick prepared by treating sludge with lead-zinc smelting wastewater and preparation method thereof |
| CN110283996A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-27 | 广西冶金研究院有限公司 | A kind of smelting process of energy-saving and environment-friendly copper-contained sludge |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110790542A (en) | 2020-02-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110723975B (en) | Hazardous waste incineration residue and solid waste co-processing method, ceramsite and application thereof | |
| US20180179107A1 (en) | Synthetic aggregate from waste materials | |
| CN108275957B (en) | Sealing material for covering disposal of coal gangue hill and construction method | |
| CN103664108B (en) | Novel environment-friendly building brick and preparation method | |
| CN103011738B (en) | Curing method of copper sludge | |
| CN106045412B (en) | A kind of eco-concrete | |
| CN105499250A (en) | Stabilizing treatment method for sulfide arsenic-removed dregs | |
| CN104692720A (en) | Copper tailing baking-free brick and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111660432A (en) | Waste slurry recycling process for pushing mixing plant | |
| CN113213789A (en) | Paving brick prepared based on household garbage incineration fly ash and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110790542B (en) | Baking-free brick prepared from copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge and preparation method thereof | |
| Kumar et al. | Performance evaluation of red mud as a construction material–a review | |
| Lee et al. | Modified MSWI ash-mix slag for use in cement concrete | |
| CN115448655B (en) | Pavement base material based on construction waste and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112008826B (en) | Drilling solid waste treatment method | |
| CN112250400B (en) | Autoclaved aerated concrete block prepared by cooperation of electrolytic manganese slag and firing raw material and method | |
| CN115304356A (en) | High-strength construction waste recycled brick and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104478328A (en) | High-performance concrete prepared from antimony ore smelting slag and preparation method of high-performance concrete | |
| CN115321897A (en) | Low-carbon cementing material with high early strength and processing method thereof | |
| KR101141042B1 (en) | Block using recycling of molding sand and method of manufacturing thereof | |
| CN107265968B (en) | Concrete doped with quartz stone artificial stone waste residues and mineral powder | |
| CN111747697A (en) | Alkali-activated copper-nickel slag cementing material and preparation method and application thereof | |
| WO2020102476A1 (en) | Treated reclaimed bottom ash sand and method for forming treated reclaimed bottom ash sand | |
| Jitao et al. | Effect of aggregate addition on the properties of unburned brick of electrolytic manganese slag | |
| CN108098989A (en) | A kind of method that cupro-nickel contaminated soil cures disposal of resources |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |