CN110788997B - Foam concrete filling device and application thereof and foam concrete filling method - Google Patents

Foam concrete filling device and application thereof and foam concrete filling method Download PDF

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CN110788997B
CN110788997B CN201911080717.0A CN201911080717A CN110788997B CN 110788997 B CN110788997 B CN 110788997B CN 201911080717 A CN201911080717 A CN 201911080717A CN 110788997 B CN110788997 B CN 110788997B
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foaming
filling
foam concrete
slurry
venturi tube
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CN110788997A (en
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陈舸
陈奎佑
陈孟伯
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Xuzhou Hit Chemical Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/38—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions wherein the mixing is effected both by the action of a fluid and by directly-acting driven mechanical means, e.g. stirring means ; Producing cellular concrete
    • B28C5/381—Producing cellular concrete
    • B28C5/386—Plants; Systems; Methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/38—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions wherein the mixing is effected both by the action of a fluid and by directly-acting driven mechanical means, e.g. stirring means ; Producing cellular concrete
    • B28C5/381—Producing cellular concrete
    • B28C5/383—Producing cellular concrete comprising stirrers to effect the mixing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
    • B28C7/16—Discharge means, e.g. with intermediate storage of fresh concrete
    • B28C7/162—Discharge means, e.g. with intermediate storage of fresh concrete by means of conveyors, other than those comprising skips or containers, e.g. endless belts, screws, air under pressure
    • B28C7/163—Discharge means, e.g. with intermediate storage of fresh concrete by means of conveyors, other than those comprising skips or containers, e.g. endless belts, screws, air under pressure using a pump
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • E21F15/08—Filling-up hydraulically or pneumatically
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of filling, in particular to a foam concrete filling device and application thereof and a foam concrete filling method. The invention provides a foam concrete filling device, which comprises a stirring system (1), a grouting pump (2) and a Venturi tube-like foaming system which are connected in sequence; or, the combined mode comprises an automatic blanking stirring grouting pump and a Venturi tube-like foaming system; the Venturi tube-like foaming system is formed by connecting a plurality of Venturi tube-like foaming devices (3) in series. The filling device provided by the invention is simple in structure and easy for daily maintenance; according to the invention, a plurality of Venturi-like foam generators (3) are connected in series to improve the foaming hydration effect of the filling body, the strength of the filling body generated by the device is more than 0.3MPa within 1 hour, the heating temperature is lower than 60 ℃, the heat resistance is 800-1000 ℃, and the requirements of underground fire prevention and fire relief and disaster relief in dynamic pressure impact areas can be met.

Description

Foam concrete filling device and application thereof and foam concrete filling method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of filling, in particular to a foam concrete filling device and application thereof and a foam concrete filling method.
Background
The existing foam concrete technology is widely used in various industries such as the field of ground construction, functional building products, mines, traffic, military and the like at home and abroad at present, and the preparation device, method and raw material composition of the foam concrete determine the engineering, physical and mechanical properties and economic cost of the foam concrete.
The concrete process system in the prior art is shown in figure 4, the cementing material, the foaming agent and the additive are respectively provided with an independent hydration system, and the independent hydration systems are respectively added with water, stirred, foamed and hydrated and then pumped to be collected together for stirring and mixing. Therefore, the underground on-site process system has three subsystems, which are respectively: a mixing and stirring system (see fig. 5 and 6) which is used for charging, mixing, adding water and stirring main raw materials such as cement and the like on site in the underground to form cement-based hydration slurry; a liquid foaming system (see fig. 5 and 6) in which foaming agent is added with water to form a water film foam, which is performed in situ downhole; some special additive adding systems are also provided for adding water into various additives to mix the additives into liquid in the underground field; and a final total stirring system for compounding the three sub-system products.
It can be seen that the prior art has complicated foam concrete preparation process, large and heavy system equipment, more than ten control valves, more than several tons of total weight, and the maximum size of the equipment reaches 2900mm × 1600mm × 1350mm, and the equipment is difficult to operate and maintain in a limited space under a well, is inconvenient to transport and install, and is not beneficial to quick location and quick operation construction in underground emergency rescue and disaster relief (refer to "research on foam concrete filling technology and equipment applicability", li hua et al, shandong coal science and technology "2013, 5 th year).
A foam cement filling machine for mining (Dule's clear and written in the name of coal mine electromechanical system, 2 months 1998) introduces a method for preparing and stirring foam cement, water and air into foam slurry according to a required proportion and conveying the foam slurry to a filling place for rapid filling, wherein a large screw pump with a driving motor reaching 11 kilowatts is used, the overall dimension of the whole machine is 1950mm multiplied by 950mm multiplied by 655mm, the weight is 750kg, the equipment is heavy and heavy, and the special equipment is developed according to the process requirement of a caving cavity treatment technology of a stope face.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a foam concrete filling device, application thereof and a foam concrete filling method. The filling device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in daily maintenance, light weight, low comprehensive cost and suitability for mine underground filling engineering, fire prevention and extinguishment and emergency rescue and relief engineering; in addition, the filling method provided by the invention is simple and convenient, can meet the requirement of rapid fire prevention and extinguishing work, and is suitable for popularization and application.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a foam concrete filling device, which comprises a stirring system 1, a grouting pump 2 and a venturi-like foaming system which are sequentially connected; or,
the combined mode comprises an automatic blanking stirring grouting pump and a Venturi tube-like foaming system;
the Venturi tube-like foaming system is formed by connecting a plurality of Venturi tube-like foaming devices 3 in series.
Preferably, the pipe diameter ratio of the Venturi-like foamer 3 is (2-3): 1.
Preferably, the grouting pump 2 includes a screw pump, a plunger pump, a reciprocating pneumatic pump, an electric pump, or a pneumatic diaphragm pump.
The invention also provides the application of the filling device in the technical scheme in coal mine filling, non-coal mine filling, ground concrete filling or foaming filling of dry powder fire extinguishing materials.
The invention also provides a method for filling foam concrete by adopting the filling device in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
placing the dry mixed material of the foam concrete and water in a stirring system 1, and mixing to obtain hydrated slurry; conveying the hydrated slurry to a Venturi tube-like foaming system by using a grouting pump 2 for foaming to obtain foamed slurry; or,
placing the dry mixed material of the foam concrete and water in an automatic discharging stirring grouting pump to obtain hydrated slurry, and meanwhile, conveying the obtained hydrated slurry to a Venturi tube-like foaming system for foaming to obtain foamed slurry;
and the foaming slurry is sprayed out from an outlet of the Venturi tube-like foaming system to form a filling body.
Preferably, the foam concrete dry mixture comprises a cementing material, a foaming agent and a set accelerating admixture;
the cementing material comprises one or more of ordinary portland cement, special cement and gypsum;
the foaming agent is a chemical foaming agent or a surfactant foaming agent;
the set accelerating admixture comprises lithium carbonate.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the foam concrete dry mixed material to the water is (0.4-1.2): 1.
Preferably, the foaming is realized under the action of strong turbulence and compressed air, and the pressure of the compressed air is 0.6 MPa.
Preferably, the heat of hydration of the foamed slurry is less than 60 ℃.
Preferably, the filling body is a closed-cell foam body, the strength of the filling body is more than 0.3MPa within 1 hour, and the dry density of the filling body is 300-360 kg/m3。
The invention provides a foam concrete filling device, which comprises a stirring system 1, a grouting pump 2 and a venturi-like foaming system which are sequentially connected; or, the combined mode comprises an automatic blanking stirring grouting pump and a Venturi tube-like foaming system used under the condition of space allowance; the Venturi tube-like foaming system is formed by connecting a plurality of Venturi tube-like foaming devices 3 in series. The filling device provided by the invention is simple in structure and easy for daily maintenance; the invention adopts a plurality of Venturi-like foam generators 3 connected in series to improve the foaming effect of the filling body, and the total weight is not more than 50 kg. The filling body generated by the device provided by the invention has the strength of more than 0.3MPa within 1 hour, the heating temperature of less than 60 ℃ and the heat resistance of 800-1000 ℃, and can meet the requirements of underground fire prevention and rescue and relief in dynamic pressure impact areas.
By adopting the filling device provided by the invention, the additional purchase of new large-scale equipment such as special grouting pumps and the like is not needed, the used pipelines, equipment and equipment are far less than those of the device in the prior art, the number of operators is only 2-3, 4-5 are less than that in the prior art, the daily maintenance amount of the equipment is reduced by 95%, and the operation cost is obviously reduced.
The filling device provided by the invention can be used for mine underground filling engineering, fire prevention and extinguishing engineering and emergency rescue and relief engineering, and is low in comprehensive cost; the filling device can be applied to coal mine filling, non-coal mine filling, ground concrete filling or dry powder fire extinguishing material filling.
The invention provides a filling method of a foam concrete dry mixed material, which comprises the following steps: placing the dry mixed material of the foam concrete and water in a stirring system 1, and mixing to obtain hydrated slurry; conveying the hydrated slurry to a Venturi tube-like foaming system by using a grouting pump 2 for foaming to obtain foamed slurry; or placing the dry mixed material of the foam concrete and water in an automatic discharging stirring grouting pump under the condition of space allowance to obtain hydrated slurry, and simultaneously conveying the obtained hydrated slurry to a Venturi tube-like foaming system for foaming to obtain foamed slurry; and the foaming slurry is sprayed out from an outlet of the Venturi tube-like foaming system to form a filling body.
According to the invention, the hydrated slurry is obtained by mixing the dry mixed material of the foam concrete and water, and the separate water foaming, foam mixing and additive hydrating processes are not needed, so that the preparation process is simplified; the invention adopts a Venturi tube-like foaming system to carry out dry foaming, cancels the complex process that a liquid foaming agent in the prior art must be hydrated and foamed by a special foaming device firstly and then is conveyed into cement slurry to be stirred, greatly simplifies the working procedures, obtains the complete foam of the foaming slurry with high strength, has the slurry foaming effect superior to the liquefaction foaming in the prior art, ensures the stability and the design effect of the performance of the finally sprayed filling body, is suitable for the filling requirements of various foam concrete on the market, and obtains the filling body which is environment-friendly, nontoxic, pollution-free, spontaneous combustion-free and combustion-supporting-free.
Has the advantages that:
1. compared with the filling device in the prior art, the filling device is simpler, has less and light total equipment weight, total weight not exceeding 50 kilograms, very convenient carrying, dismounting, reliable work and good practical effect, and is very suitable for limited space on mines and underground emergency rescue and disaster relief; quick in-place and operation, good fire prevention and extinguishing effect, good filling effect of a dynamic pressure area, quick response and low comprehensive cost.
2. The filling material produced by the preparation method of the invention comprehensively exceeds the product performance of the prior art in terms of engineering performance, and is mainly shown in the following steps:
(1) the initial setting time of the product after being sprayed can be adjusted to 6-10 minutes, and the time difference between initial setting and final setting can be controlled within 20-30 minutes, so that the performance is very suitable for different requirements of different rescue and relief occasions under a coal mine on initial setting and final setting, the accurate construction and relief are facilitated, and the effect is good;
(2) the product has good permeability and strong adhesiveness before final setting after being sprayed out, the strength can reach 0.3MPa after entering the rock mass for one hour, and the product is very suitable for coal-rock mass with more cracks and is used in emergency rescue and disaster relief;
(3) the filling material produced by the preparation method has moderate dry density (300-360 kg/cubic), the density product is generally difficult to achieve by common portland cement foam concrete, has the advantages of strength and light weight, has the difficult engineering performance of underground filling of a coal mine, can flexibly bear pressure after entering a rock mass crack and move along with the rock mass without cracking, thereby absorbing a large amount of dynamic pressure impact energy applied to the rock mass and being beneficial to adapting to a dynamic pressure impact area and emergency rescue and relief;
(4) the thermal stability temperature of the filling material prepared by the invention is 800-1000 ℃, the filling material is resistant to burning for more than 2 hours, and the filling material can better adapt to the requirements of preventing and treating natural fire in a coal mine;
(5) the hydration heat of the slurry is less than or equal to 60 ℃, the slurry is very stable, and the production and injection reaction processes have no pollution and no peculiar smell to the environment;
(6) the invention only needs 100-120 kg of dry powder mixture for filling 1 cubic space, namely 1 ton of dry mixed single material can be filled for 8-10 m3The space is only 6-8 minutes when in use, the filling material is less, the filling efficiency is obviously higher than that of the prior art, and the use cost is one third of that of polyurethane polymer filling materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a filling apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a venturi-like foamer 3 used in the filling device provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a filling device composed of an automatic blanking stirring grouting pump and a Venturi tube-like foaming system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a prior art method for downhole in situ preparation of foam and filler;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a mixing and agitation system for cement-based hydrated slurry in the prior art;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a prior art liquid foaming system for aqueous film foam;
FIG. 7 is a schematic filling diagram of a gate-down caving area of a certain coal mine 1315 tunneling track in embodiment 4;
wherein, 1 is a stirring system, 1-1 is an impeller, 1-2 is a small belt roller, and 1-3 is the tail part of a twist drill rod; 2 is a grouting pump; 3 is a Venturi-like foam generator, and 3-1 is a compressed air pipe; 4-small hopper; 5-large hopper, 6-water inlet, 7-water material mixing hopper, 8-screw dry powder feeder, 9-differential, 10-screw pump and 11-motor.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a foam concrete filling device, which comprises a stirring system 1, a grouting pump 2 and a venturi-like foaming system which are sequentially connected; or,
the combined mode comprises an automatic blanking stirring grouting pump and a Venturi tube-like foaming system which are used under the condition of space allowance;
the Venturi tube-like foaming system is formed by connecting a plurality of Venturi tube-like foaming devices 3 in series.
The filling device of the foam concrete provided by the invention comprises a stirring system 1, a grouting pump 2 and a Venturi tube-like foaming system which are connected in sequence as shown in figure 1; the Venturi tube-like foaming system is formed by connecting a plurality of Venturi tube-like foaming devices 3 in series. The device system is a device which is mainly protected by the invention, under the condition of adopting the pneumatic diaphragm pump, the total weight of the filling device is not more than 50 kilograms, the carrying and the dismounting are very convenient, the work is reliable, the practical effect is good, and the device system is very suitable for emergency rescue and disaster relief in limited space under the shaft.
The filling device provided by the invention comprises a stirring system 1. In the present invention, the mixing system 1 is used to mix a foamed concrete dry mix with water. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the stirring system 1 is preferably a stirring and mixing barrel with a semi-automatic stirring device, and the stirring and mixing barrel preferably comprises an impeller 1-1, a small belt roller 1-2 and a twist drill rod tail part 1-3.
The filling device provided by the invention comprises a grouting pump 2 communicated with the outlet of the stirring system 1. In the invention, the grouting pump 2 provides a pump pressure to convey the mixed hydrated slurry of the stirring system 1 to the Venturi tube-like foaming system. In the present invention, the pump pressure is preferably 0.6 MPa. In the present invention, the grouting pump 2 preferably includes a screw pump, a plunger pump, a reciprocating pneumatic pump, an electric pump, or a pneumatic diaphragm pump, more preferably a pneumatic diaphragm pump; the weight of the pneumatic diaphragm pump is preferably 18-30 kg. The pneumatic diaphragm pump adopted by the invention is easy to move and convenient and quick to disassemble and assemble.
The filling device provided by the invention comprises a Venturi tube-like foaming system communicated with the outlet of the grouting pump 2. In the present invention, the venturi-like foaming system is used to foam the slurry. In the invention, the Venturi tube-like foaming system is formed by connecting a plurality of Venturi tube-like foaming devices 3 in series. In the invention, the pipe diameter ratio of the Venturi-like foamer 3 is preferably (2-3): 1; the length of the Venturi-like foam generator 3 is preferably 1.2-1.5 m; the weight is preferably 3 kg. The Venturi-like foam generator 3 provided by the invention is preferably provided with a compressed air pipe 3-1.
As a specific embodiment of the invention, the filling device only comprises the stirring system 1, the grouting pump 2 and the venturi-like foaming system, and compared with the traditional filling device, the filling device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable arrangement, lighter weight, and total weight not exceeding 50kg, and is suitable for being used in rock burst areas and areas with narrow space and inconvenient transportation, which is a device system and thought which are mainly protected by the invention.
Under the condition of space allowance, the foam concrete filling device provided by the invention comprises an automatic blanking and stirring grouting pump and a Venturi tube-like foaming system as shown in figure 3; the Venturi tube-like foaming system is formed by connecting a plurality of Venturi tube-like foaming devices 3 in series. The device of figure 3 is adapted for use where space permits.
The filling device provided by the invention comprises an automatic blanking stirring grouting pump, and the automatic blanking stirring grouting pump preferably comprises a hopper, a water inlet and a screw pump. As an embodiment of the invention, the automatic blanking stirring grouting pump comprises a small hopper 4, a large hopper 5, a water inlet 6, a water material mixing hopper 7, a screw dry powder blanking device 8, a differential mechanism 9, a screw pump 10 and a motor 11. The connection relation of all parts in the automatic discharging stirring grouting pump is shown in figure 3, the foam concrete dry mixed material is discharged into a water-material mixing hopper 7 through a large hopper 5 or a small hopper 4 through a screw dry powder feeder 8 according to different water-cement ratios, and corresponding water also enters the water-material mixing hopper 7 and automatically enters a screw stirring rod of a screw pump 10 driven by a motor to complete the processes of discharging, stirring, mixing and conveying.
The invention also provides the application of the filling device in the technical scheme in coal mine filling, non-coal mine filling, ground concrete filling or dry powder fire extinguishing material filling.
The invention provides a filling method of a foam concrete dry mixed material, which comprises the following steps:
placing the dry mixed material of the foam concrete and water in a stirring system 1, and mixing to obtain hydrated slurry; conveying the hydrated slurry to a Venturi tube-like foaming system by using a grouting pump 2 for foaming to obtain foamed slurry; and the foaming slurry is sprayed out from an outlet of the Venturi tube-like foaming system to form a filling body.
According to the invention, a dry mixed material of foam concrete and water are placed in a stirring system 1 and mixed to obtain hydrated slurry. In the present invention, the foamed concrete dry mix preferably includes a cementitious material, a foaming agent, and a set accelerating admixture.
In the invention, the cementing material preferably comprises one or more of ordinary portland cement, special cement and gypsum, and more preferably is sulphoaluminate cement. The invention uses the sulphoaluminate cement, and opens up a new market for the mass commercial use of the cement in the field of underground coal mine filling.
In the present invention, the foaming agent is preferably a chemical foaming agent or a surfactant-based foaming agent; the surfactant foaming agent preferably comprises a rosin foaming agent, a plant foaming agent or an animal protein foaming agent, and more preferably a tea saponin type protein foaming agent or a saponin type protein foaming agent; the set accelerating admixture is preferably lithium carbonate.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the foam concrete dry mixed material to water is preferably (0.4-1.2) to 1, more preferably (0.6-0.8): 1. in the invention, the mixing process is preferably to mix the dry mixture of the foam concrete uniformly to obtain the dry mixture, and then mix the dry mixture with water in the stirring system 1. The present invention is not limited to the specific mixing parameters, and may be any mixing parameters known in the art. In the embodiment of the invention, 1 ton of foam concrete can be filled in the well for 8-10 m3Spaces, i.e. filled downhole by 1m3The space only needs 100-120 kg of foam concrete.
After obtaining the hydrated slurry, the hydrated slurry is conveyed to a venturi tube-like foaming system by using an injection pump 2 (preferably a pneumatic diaphragm pump) for foaming to obtain the foamed slurry.
The invention also provides another method for obtaining foaming slurry, which comprises the following steps: placing the dry mixed material of the foam concrete and water in an automatic discharging stirring grouting pump under the condition of space allowance to obtain hydrated slurry, and simultaneously conveying the obtained hydrated slurry to a Venturi tube-like foaming system for foaming to obtain foamed slurry.
As an embodiment of the invention, the concrete process of placing the dry mixed material of the foam concrete and water in an automatic blanking stirring grouting pump to obtain hydrated slurry and simultaneously conveying the obtained hydrated slurry to a venturi-like foaming system is preferably as follows: placing the dry foamed concrete mixture into a small hopper 4 or a large hopper 5, feeding the dry foamed concrete mixture into a water-material mixing hopper 7 under the action of a screw dry powder feeder 8 and a differential mechanism 9, feeding water into the water-material mixing hopper 7 from a water inlet 6, and preliminarily mixing the dry foamed concrete mixture and the water in the water-material mixing hopper 7 to obtain a primary mixture; placing the obtained primary mixed material in a screw pump 10 for secondary mixing to obtain hydrated slurry; under the action of the motor 11, the obtained hydrated slurry is conveyed to a Venturi tube-like foaming system.
In the invention, the foaming is preferably realized under the combined action of strong turbulence of a Venturi-like foaming system and compressed air, and the pressure of the compressed air is preferably 0.6 MPa. In the present invention, the gas providing the compressed air effect is preferably nitrogen, carbon dioxide or air; under the combined action of strong turbulence and compressed air, the water film foam in the hydration slurry or the hydration slurry is blown into droplet-shaped water film foam, so that the foam damage is small; the components and the structure of the slurry are subjected to high-strength rapid chemical excitation, crystallization induction and other effects, so that the cement crystal structure becomes compact and fine and is more uniformly distributed; hydration ground paste and foam are further evenly mixed in class venturi foaming system, ground paste spatial structure is more reasonable and the foam damage is little, the ground paste foam rapid prototyping location at gas-solid interface, the consolidation hardening process shortens, be favorable to going on of chemical excitation reaction in the ground paste, qualified foaming ground paste is from class venturi foaming system export through last section pipeline blowout, the total hole volume of set cement at this moment reduces, the structure is compacter, the requirement of design has been realized, form qualified obturator, accomplish whole operation process.
In the invention, the hydration heat of the foaming slurry is preferably less than 60 ℃, the foaming slurry is very stable, and the production, injection and chemical reaction processes have no pollution and no peculiar smell to the environment; the foaming slurry after being sprayed out has strong adhesive force before final setting and good permeability, and the compressive strength of the filling body can be increased to 0.3-0.5 MPa within 1 hour.
In the invention, the initial setting of the foaming slurry is preferably 6-20 min after the foaming slurry is sprayed out, and more preferably 6-10 min or 10-20 min; the foaming slurry is preferably subjected to final setting within 30-90 min to form a filling body. The filling method provided by the invention is used for underground coal mine emergency rescue and disaster relief, the first batch of foaming slurry is sprayed out from the installation, laying and normal operation of the equipment pipeline only needs 8-10 min, and the method is suitable for the rigid requirements of rapid and in-place emergency rescue and disaster relief and rapid effect.
In the invention, the filling body is preferably a closed-cell foam body, and the dry density of the filling body is preferably 300-360 kg/m3. The filling body obtained by the filling method can not settle and crack and weather for two years, has good thermal stability, the thermal stability temperature is as high as 800-1000 ℃, and the filling body can resist burning for more than 2 hours, and can better adapt to the requirements of preventing and treating natural fire of coal mines.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The filling device provided by the embodiment is composed of a stirring and mixing barrel, a pneumatic diaphragm pump and a Venturi-like foam maker 3 which are connected in sequence as shown in figure 1; the stirring and mixing barrel is also provided with an impeller 1-1, a small belt roller 1-2 and a twist drill rod tail part 1-3; the Venturi-like foamer 3 is also provided with a compressed air pipe 3-1 as shown in figure 2;
when foam concrete is filled, uniformly mixing a cementing material, a foaming agent and a coagulation accelerating admixture to obtain a dry mixed material of the foam concrete, and mixing the dry mixed material of the foam concrete and water in a stirring and mixing barrel to obtain hydrated slurry; conveying the hydrated slurry to a Venturi-like foam generator 3 by using a pneumatic diaphragm pump for foaming to obtain foamed slurry; and forming a filling body after the foaming slurry is sprayed.
Example 2
The filling device provided by the embodiment is composed of a small hopper 4, a large hopper 5, a water inlet 6, a water material mixing hopper 7, a screw dry powder feeder 8, a differential mechanism 9, a screw pump 10 and a motor 11, as shown in fig. 3; the Venturi-like foamer 3 is also provided with a compressed air pipe 3-1 as shown in figure 2;
when foam concrete is filled, placing a dry mixed material of the foam concrete in a small hopper 4 or a large hopper 5, entering a water material mixing hopper 7 under the action of a screw dry powder feeder 8 and a differential mechanism 9, entering water into the water material mixing hopper 7 from a water inlet 6, and primarily mixing the dry mixed material of the foam concrete and the water in the water material mixing hopper 7 to obtain a primary mixed material; placing the obtained primary mixed material in a screw pump 10 for secondary mixing to obtain hydrated slurry; under the action of the motor 11, the obtained hydrated slurry is conveyed to a Venturi tube-like foaming system for foaming to obtain foamed slurry; and forming a filling body after the foaming slurry is sprayed.
Application example 1
An air inlet roadway of a working face of a certain ore 21201 is a fully mechanized working face stoping roadway, top coal is thick, dynamic pressure is obvious during tunneling, roof caving occurs at multiple positions, a large amount of broken coal bodies exist on the top plate, and spontaneous combustion and ignition symptoms occur; then, the fire is extinguished by adopting the slurry spraying closed grouting, but during the working face extraction period, the re-combustion phenomenon appears at a plurality of high-temperature points and the re-combustion tends to be developed, so that the safe production of the working face is seriously influenced; although measures such as intubation, watering and grouting are taken, hidden dangers cannot be eradicated completely. In order to thoroughly eliminate the high-temperature fire point, the filling device and the filling method provided by the embodiment 1 of the invention are adopted, fire extinguishing drill holes are drilled at the high-temperature points of the roadway, foam concrete is injected under pressure, and the injection pressure of each hole is 3-4 m3(ii) a After the implementation, the carbon monoxide gas disappears rapidly, the temperature of the coal gas is reduced to 24-25 ℃, the re-combustion phenomenon does not occur, and the normal production of the working face is ensured.
The theory of ore agglomeration: the set of filling equipment and the filling method are simple, the materials are convenient to transport, the requirements of rapid fire prevention and extinguishing work can be met, the technology has good effects of filling an empty roof area, blocking air leakage and the like, and the self-ignition mine is worth popularizing.
Application example 2
The filling device and the filling method provided by the invention are adopted for temporarily sealing the 4303-trail plate wall of a certain mine and filling the 4304-trail double-wall sealed inner part, so that the effect is very ideal; the oxygen content of the goaf detected before no filling is 4.6%, the oxygen content after filling is 0.95%, and the indexes completely meet the sealing requirements.
The actual application of the filling device and the filling method provided by the invention on the ore side site proves that the filling device and the filling method have the following advantages: (1) the material has no toxic or side effect, and workers do not need to wear a gas mask; (2) the process is simple and the operation is convenient; (3) the special equipment is not needed, and a pneumatic diaphragm pump or a TBW50/15 mud pump can be matched with compressed air on site; (4) the material has certain strength and flexible bearing after being molded, is not easy to crack and has good sealing effect; (5) in the filling process, the calorific value of the LFM light filling material is very low and does not exceed 60 ℃ at most; (6) the use cost of the foam concrete is about one third of that of the high-molecular filling material under the condition of the same volume.
Application example 3
The filling device and the filling method provided by the invention are adopted to fill foam concrete in a certain mine for sealing and filling 3304 goaf, 4312 coal chute hole and 1307 goaf, and 244m of foam concrete is filled in the 3304 goaf, 4312 coal chute hole and 1307 goaf3120m in the coal chute hole3。
The treatment range is as follows: (1) filling a high-caving cavity and a waste space of a gas drill site; (2) the working face is removed from the frame and the working face is normally recovered and filled with the matching of the air inlet and return end; (3) filling various waste roadways, old chambers, coal chutes and cavities and filling the rear part of the working face frame to block air leakage passages and prevent gas from gathering.
The filling body prepared by the filling device and the filling method provided by the invention has high filling efficiency on the basis of keeping the strength and having certain flexible pressure-bearing capacity; the material is light in weight after being formed, and special equipment does not need to be purchased in the filling process; the composite material can effectively complete various tasks such as hidden danger of coal spontaneous combustion and filling, sealing, leaking stoppage and the like of a gas mine, can completely replace the existing high-polymer filling and reinforcing material, and has the use cost of 20-40% of that of the high-polymer filling and reinforcing material.
Application example 4
When a certain coal mine 1315 tunneling track crossheading construction is carried out to the position 32m in front of the 11# wire point, the top plate of the roadway is broken (the elevation angle of the roadway is 28 degrees), the roadway falls in advance after blasting, the falling height is about 3-6 m, and the prediction space is about 130-140 m3As shown in fig. 7.
In the early mining method, a conventional cement slurry injection method is considered, but in the method, cement cannot be foamed and injected, so that the efficiency is low, the labor amount is large, the construction period is long, the slurry fluidity is large, and the roof connection is difficult, so that the scheme is not adopted finally; for polyurethane filling materials with slightly high foaming efficiency, the polyurethane filling materials do not have flame retardant capability, and the self-heating reaction temperature of the materials is high, so that the hidden danger of ignition is easily generated, and the price is high; more importantly, the angle of the roadway along the track is large, so that the transportation condition is inconvenient; after comprehensive consideration is carried out on the final ore side, the filling device and the filling method provided by the embodiment 2 of the invention are selected, as shown in fig. 3, the problem is solved satisfactorily, and the construction method is as follows:
(1) 1 drill hole is respectively constructed at the positions 1-1.5 m away from the left side and the right side of the caving area, and 2 drill holes are further uniformly constructed between the two drill holes according to the trend interval, wherein the total number of the drill holes is 4;
(2) filling woven bags into coal blocks to form temporary airtight walls for plugging the gaps between the left and right sides of the roadway and the caving zone, and plugging the residual gaps by using old air duct cloth to prevent slurry leakage in the grouting process;
(3) the well-arranged grouting drill holes are utilized, foam concrete is used for simultaneously grouting two drill holes close to the left side and the right side, and an England ARO series 1.5 metal pneumatic diaphragm pump is used as a grouting pump 2;
(4) and stopping grouting for 30min when a slurry leakage phenomenon occurs in the grouting process, then replacing the middle two grouting holes, and sequentially and alternately until the grouting liquid flows out from the non-grouting hole.
Engineering foam concrete 180m3After the filling is completed, the filling part is immediately driven by an excavating deviceThe method comprises the steps of excavating, erecting a shed and supporting, wherein the filling bodies, the exaggerated broken coal bodies, the coal walls and the top plates are tightly bonded in the excavating process, the phenomenon that the filling bodies are broken and separated from the coal walls and the top plates does not occur, the whole process of roadway forming through caving filling and excavation and shed supporting is rapidly finished, the efficiency is high, and the method is subjected to height evaluation of mine sides.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The application of the foam concrete filling device in coal mine filling is characterized in that the foam concrete filling device consists of a stirring system (1), a grouting pump (2) and a Venturi tube-like foaming system which are sequentially connected; the Venturi tube-like foaming system is formed by connecting a plurality of Venturi tube-like foaming devices (3) in series; the total weight of the foam concrete filling device is not more than 50 kilograms;
placing the dry mixed material of the foam concrete and water in a stirring system (1), and mixing to obtain hydrated slurry; conveying the hydrated slurry to a Venturi tube-like foaming system by using a grouting pump (2) for foaming to obtain foamed slurry;
the foaming slurry is sprayed out from an outlet of a Venturi tube-like foaming system to form a filling body;
the foam concrete dry mixed material consists of a cementing material, a foaming agent and a coagulation accelerating additive;
the cementing material is sulphoaluminate cement;
the foaming agent is a surfactant foaming agent;
the accelerating and exciting additive is lithium carbonate;
the mass ratio of the foam concrete dry mixed material to water is (0.4-0.8) to 1;
the filling body is a closed-cell foam body, the strength of the filling body is more than 0.3MPa within 1 hour, and the dry density of the filling body is 300-360 kg/m3。
2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that the venturi-like foamer (3) has a pipe ratio of (2-3): 1.
3. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the grouting pump (2) comprises a screw pump, a plunger pump, a reciprocating pneumatic pump, an electric pump or a pneumatic diaphragm pump.
4. Use according to claim 1, characterised in that the foaming is effected under the action of strong turbulence and a compressed air with a pressure of 0.6 MPa.
5. The use according to claim 1, wherein the foamed slurry has a heat of hydration of less than 60 ℃.
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