CN110788543B - Welding positioning device and welding positioning method for combined casing - Google Patents
Welding positioning device and welding positioning method for combined casing Download PDFInfo
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- CN110788543B CN110788543B CN201911049202.4A CN201911049202A CN110788543B CN 110788543 B CN110788543 B CN 110788543B CN 201911049202 A CN201911049202 A CN 201911049202A CN 110788543 B CN110788543 B CN 110788543B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
- B23K37/0435—Clamps
- B23K37/0443—Jigs
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Abstract
The invention provides a welding positioning device of a combined casing and a welding positioning method of the combined casing, wherein the welding positioning device comprises a bottom plate, a first positioning mechanism and a second positioning mechanism, after the position of a first mounting edge is determined through the bottom plate and the first positioning mechanism, an inner cylinder body and an intermediate cylinder body are axially positioned through the first mounting edge, the inner cylinder body and the intermediate cylinder body are radially positioned through the first positioning portion so that the inner cylinder body and the intermediate cylinder body are coaxial with the first mounting edge, the second mounting edge is axially positioned through the inner cylinder body and the intermediate cylinder body, the second mounting edge is radially positioned through the cooperation of the inner cylinder body, the intermediate cylinder body and the second positioning portion so that the second mounting edge is coaxial with the first mounting edge, the outer casing is axially positioned through the second positioning mechanism so as to ensure the height of the combined casing, and the outer casing is radially positioned through the second positioning mechanism so that the outer casing is coaxial with the first mounting edge, thereby facilitating welding of the weld.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding of large-scale multi-component combined thin-walled parts, in particular to a welding positioning device of a combined casing. In addition, the invention also relates to a welding and positioning method of the combined casing by adopting the welding and positioning device of the combined casing.
Background
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a certain combined casing of an aircraft engine is formed by welding and combining 3 machined parts (a first mounting edge 11, a second mounting edge 12 and an outer casing 15) and 2 sheet metal thin-wall parts (an inner cylinder 13 and an intermediate cylinder 14), wherein the coaxiality of each part is required to be 0.2, and the welding positioning precision needs to be ensured. However, the combined casing has many and scattered parts, and the parts cannot be positioned in a self-lapping way.
The maximum outer diameter of the combined casing is about 600mm, 5 welding seams (a first welding seam 16, a second welding seam 17, a third welding seam 18, a fourth welding seam 19 and a fifth welding seam 110) with the diameter of about 400mm are arranged, and the total length of the welding seams is 6000 mm. A large amount of heat is needed in the welding process, the wall thickness of 2 sheet metal thin-wall parts is thinner by 2mm, and all parts are easy to weld and deform under the action of high temperature. Deformation of the combined casing can affect the flow of air in the combined casing, and can cause vibration increase of the aircraft engine in a test run or an operation process, so that the combined casing is damaged, and even the safety of the aircraft engine is threatened. Therefore, controlling the welding deformation of the combined casing is crucial to the aeroengine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a welding positioning device and a welding positioning method of a combined casing, and aims to solve the problem that welding positioning precision cannot be guaranteed due to the fact that the combined casing has a plurality of and scattered parts and the parts cannot be positioned in a self-lapping mode.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a welding positioning device of a combined casing, which comprises a first mounting edge, a second mounting edge arranged opposite to the first mounting edge at an interval, an inner cylinder arranged between the first mounting edge and the second mounting edge, a middle cylinder arranged between the first mounting edge and the second mounting edge and sleeved outside the inner cylinder at an interval, and an outer casing sleeved outside the middle cylinder, wherein the first mounting edge, the second mounting edge, the inner cylinder, the middle cylinder and the outer casing are coaxially arranged, a first positioning part extending into a gap between the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder is arranged on the first mounting edge, a second positioning part extending into the gap between the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder is arranged on the second mounting edge, the welding positioning device comprises a bottom plate for supporting the first mounting edge to axially position the first mounting edge, a first positioning mechanism arranged on the bottom plate and used for radially positioning the first mounting edge, and a second positioning part arranged on the bottom plate and used for oppositely positioning the first mounting edge A second positioning mechanism for axially and radially positioning the outer cartridge receiver, after the position of the first mounting edge is determined by the bottom plate and the first positioning mechanism, the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder are supported by the first mounting edge to axially position the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder, the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder are radially positioned by the first positioning portion to make the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder coaxial with the first mounting edge, the second mounting edge is supported by the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder to axially position the second mounting edge, the second mounting edge is radially positioned by the cooperation of the inner cylinder, the middle cylinder and the second positioning portion to make the second mounting edge coaxial with the first mounting edge, the outer cartridge receiver is axially positioned by the second positioning mechanism to ensure the height of the combined cartridge receiver, the outer cartridge receiver is radially positioned by the second positioning mechanism to make the outer cartridge receiver coaxial with the first mounting edge, therefore, a first welding seam between the first installation edge and the inner cylinder body, a second welding seam between the first installation edge and the middle cylinder body, a third welding seam between the second installation edge and the inner cylinder body, a fourth welding seam between the second installation edge and the outer casing and a fifth welding seam between the middle cylinder body and the outer casing are welded conveniently.
Further, the first positioning mechanism comprises a first pressing plate which is arranged on the bottom plate and used for pressing the first mounting edge on the bottom plate; a first bolt is arranged on the bottom plate, the first pressing plate is sleeved on the first bolt, and a first nut which is screwed with the first bolt through rotation to tightly press the first pressing plate on the first mounting edge is sleeved on the first bolt in a threaded manner; the first bolt is in threaded connection with the bottom plate, and a second nut which is used for abutting against the bottom plate when the first nut rotates so as to prevent the first bolt from rotating is sleeved on the first bolt through threads; the first pressing plate comprises at least two first arc-shaped plates arranged along the circumferential direction of the first pressing plate so as to increase the contact area of the first pressing plate and the first mounting edge.
Furthermore, the outer wall surface of the outer casing is provided with a first flange and a second flange arranged opposite to the first flange at an interval, the second positioning mechanism comprises a connecting shaft arranged on the bottom plate and used for penetrating the first flange and the second flange, a second pressing plate sleeved on the connecting shaft and located at one end, close to the bottom plate, of the connecting shaft, a third pressing plate sleeved on the connecting shaft and located at one end, far away from the bottom plate, of the connecting shaft, a third nut sleeved on the connecting shaft through threads and used for enabling the second pressing plate to tightly press the first flange from the outer side, and a fourth nut sleeved on the connecting shaft through threads and used for enabling the third pressing plate to tightly press the second flange from the outer side.
Furthermore, a positioning plate which is arranged between the second pressure plate and the third pressure plate and used for restraining the first flange and the second flange from the inner side so as to prevent the first flange and the second flange from generating welding deformation is sleeved on the connecting shaft; the positioning plate comprises at least two second arc-shaped plates arranged along the circumferential direction of the positioning plate, and every two adjacent second arc-shaped plates are connected through a second bolt and a fifth nut; the positioning plate is provided with lightening holes for reducing the weight of the positioning plate.
Furthermore, a first positioning hole is formed in the positioning plate, and a first bolt for passing through the second flange to circumferentially position the outer casing is arranged in the first positioning hole; the bottom plate is provided with a support, and the support is provided with a second bolt which is used for being inserted into a second positioning hole in the middle barrel body so as to circumferentially position the middle barrel body.
Furthermore, the welding positioning device also comprises a supporting mechanism which is used for propping against the inner wall surface of the inner cylinder along the radial direction of the inner cylinder so as to prevent the inner cylinder from generating welding deformation; the supporting mechanism comprises a connecting plate, a plurality of telescopic rods which are arranged on the connecting plate along different radial directions of the connecting plate and used for extending or shortening, and a supporting block which is arranged at the end part of each telescopic rod and used for supporting against the inner wall surface of the inner cylinder when the telescopic rods extend; the telescopic rod comprises a first screw rod connected with the connecting plate, a second screw rod connected with the supporting block and a sixth nut sleeved on the first screw rod and the second screw rod in a threaded manner, and the screwing direction of the first screw rod is opposite to that of the second screw rod, so that the first screw rod and the second screw rod are far away from each other or close to each other when the sixth nut rotates.
Furthermore, the welding positioning device also comprises a hoop mechanism for hooping the outer wall surface of the middle cylinder body to prevent the middle cylinder body from generating welding deformation; the hoop mechanism comprises a first hoop and a second hoop, one end of the first hoop is hinged to one end of the second hoop, the other end of the first hoop is hinged to a third bolt, the other end of the second hoop is provided with a through groove, the third bolt is provided with a seventh nut in a threaded sleeve mode, the seventh nut and the third bolt are screwed up when the first hoop and the second hoop are surrounded into a circular shape and the third bolt is embedded into the through groove, and the first hoop and the second hoop are locked.
Furthermore, a cooling mechanism for cooling the bottom plate to accelerate the heat dissipation of the combined casing is arranged on the bottom plate; the cooling mechanism comprises a cooling pipe, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, wherein the cooling pipe is arranged on the bottom plate and used for cooling water to circulate so as to cool the bottom plate, the water inlet pipe is communicated with the input end of the cooling pipe and used for inputting cooling water into the cooling pipe, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with the output end of the cooling pipe and used for outputting the cooling water in the cooling pipe; the bottom plate is provided with a mounting groove, the cooling pipe is embedded into the mounting groove, and the bottom plate is provided with a cover plate for sealing the mounting groove and a screw for tightly pressing the cover plate on the bottom plate; the cooling pipe is a circular pipe so as to increase the contact area between the cooling pipe and the bottom plate; the bottom plate is provided with support legs for lifting the welding positioning device so as to be convenient for installing components on the welding positioning device.
Furthermore, the welding positioning device also comprises a first radiating block and a second radiating block, wherein the first radiating block is used for being placed on the outer casing to accelerate the heat dissipation of the outer casing, and the second radiating block is used for being placed on the second mounting edge to accelerate the heat dissipation of the second mounting edge; the first heat dissipation block is also used for supporting the combined casing and the welding positioning device when the combined casing and the welding positioning device are inverted so as to weld the first welding seam.
The invention also provides a welding and positioning method of the combined casing, which adopts the welding and positioning device of the combined casing and comprises the following steps: a. the first mounting edge is placed on the bottom plate, supported by the bottom plate, axially positioned, and radially positioned by the first positioning mechanism; b. sequentially assembling the inner cylinder, the middle cylinder and the second mounting edge; c. the outer casing is axially and radially positioned through a second positioning mechanism; d. and welding the first welding seam, the second welding seam, the third welding seam, the fourth welding seam and the fifth welding seam.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the welding positioning device of the combined casing comprises a bottom plate, a first positioning mechanism and a second positioning mechanism. The first mounting edge is supported through the bottom plate, the first mounting edge is axially positioned, the first mounting edge is radially positioned through the first positioning mechanism, and the position of the first mounting edge can be determined. After the position of the first mounting edge is determined, the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder are supported through the first mounting edge, and the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder can be axially positioned. The inner cylinder body is pushed from the outer side through the first positioning portion, the inner cylinder body is radially positioned, and the inner cylinder body and the first installation edge can be coaxial. The middle cylinder is pushed against from the inner side through the first positioning part, the middle cylinder is radially positioned, and the middle cylinder and the first installation edge can be coaxial. After the positions of the inner cylinder body and the middle cylinder body are determined, the second mounting edge is supported through the inner cylinder body and the middle cylinder body, and the second mounting edge can be axially positioned. The second positioning part is supported from the inner side and the outer side through the inner cylinder body and the middle cylinder body respectively, the second mounting edge is radially positioned, and the second mounting edge can be coaxial with the first mounting edge. The outer casing is axially positioned through the second positioning mechanism, so that the axial distance between the first mounting edge and the outer casing can be determined, and the height of the combined casing can be ensured. The outer casing is radially positioned through the second positioning mechanism, so that the outer casing and the first mounting edge are coaxial. The welding and positioning device of the combined casing can ensure the height of the combined casing, enables the first mounting edge, the second mounting edge, the inner cylinder body, the middle cylinder body and the outer casing to be coaxial, and ensures the welding and positioning precision, thereby facilitating the welding of the first welding seam, the second welding seam, the third welding seam, the fourth welding seam and the fifth welding seam.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composite case of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an assembled schematic view of a composite case of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the welding positioning device for the combined casing according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first platen and support base of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a locating plate of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a support mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a hoop mechanism of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a cooling mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
11. a first mounting edge; 111. a first positioning portion; 12. a second mounting edge; 121. a second positioning portion; 13. an inner cylinder; 14. a middle cylinder; 15. an outer case; 151. a first flange; 152. a second flange; 16. a first weld; 17. a second weld; 18. a third weld; 19. a fourth weld; 110. a fifth weld; 21. a base plate; 211. a support leg; 221. a first platen; 2211. a first arc-shaped plate; 222. a first bolt; 223. a first nut; 224. a second nut; 231. a connecting shaft; 232. a second platen; 233. a third press plate; 234. a third nut; 235. a fourth nut; 236. positioning a plate; 2361. a second arc-shaped plate; 2362. lightening holes; 2363. a first positioning hole; 237. a second bolt; 238. a fifth nut; 239. a first latch; 241. a support; 242. a second bolt; 25. a support mechanism; 251. a connecting plate; 2521. a first screw; 2522. a second screw; 2523. a sixth nut; 253. a support block; 26. a hoop mechanism; 261. a first hoop; 262. a second hoop; 263. a third bolt; 264. a seventh nut; 271. a cooling tube; 272. a water inlet pipe; 273. a water outlet pipe; 274. a cover plate; 275. a screw; 28. a first heat dissipation block; 29. and a second heat dissipation block.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composite case of the preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an assembled schematic view of a composite case of the preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the welding positioning device for the combined casing according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first platen and support base of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a locating plate of the preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a support mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a hoop mechanism of the preferred embodiment of the present invention; fig. 8 is a schematic view of a cooling mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the welding and positioning device for a composite casing of the present invention includes a first mounting edge 11, a second mounting edge 12 spaced from the first mounting edge 11, an inner cylinder 13 disposed between the first mounting edge 11 and the second mounting edge 12, an intermediate cylinder 14 disposed between the first mounting edge 11 and the second mounting edge 12 and spaced from and sleeved outside the inner cylinder 13, and an outer casing 15 sleeved outside the intermediate cylinder 14, wherein the first mounting edge 11, the second mounting edge 12, the inner cylinder 13, the intermediate cylinder 14, and the outer casing 15 are coaxially arranged, the first mounting edge 11 is provided with a first positioning portion 111 extending into a gap between the inner cylinder 13 and the intermediate cylinder 14, the second mounting edge 12 is provided with a second positioning portion 121 extending into a gap between the inner cylinder 13 and the intermediate cylinder 14, the welding and positioning device includes a bottom plate 21 for supporting the first mounting edge 11 to axially position the first mounting edge 11, The first positioning mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate 21 and used for radially positioning the first mounting edge 11, the second positioning mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate 21 and used for axially positioning and radially positioning the outer casing 15, after the position of the first mounting edge 11 is determined through the bottom plate 21 and the first positioning mechanism, the inner cylinder 13 and the middle cylinder 14 are supported through the first mounting edge 11 to axially position the inner cylinder 13 and the middle cylinder 14, the inner cylinder 13 and the middle cylinder 14 are radially positioned through the first positioning portion 111 to enable the inner cylinder 13 and the middle cylinder 14 to be coaxial with the first mounting edge 11, the second mounting edge 12 is supported through the inner cylinder 13 and the middle cylinder 14 to axially position the second mounting edge 12, the inner cylinder 13 and the middle cylinder 14 are matched with the second positioning portion 121 to radially position the second mounting edge 12 to enable the second mounting edge 12 to be coaxial with the first mounting edge 11, the outer casing 15 is axially positioned by the second positioning mechanism to ensure the height of the combined casing, and the outer casing 15 is radially positioned by the second positioning mechanism to make the outer casing 15 coaxial with the first mounting edge 11, so that a first welding seam 16 between the first mounting edge 11 and the inner cylinder 13, a second welding seam 17 between the first mounting edge 11 and the middle cylinder 14, a third welding seam 18 between the second mounting edge 12 and the inner cylinder 13, a fourth welding seam 19 between the second mounting edge 12 and the outer casing 15, and a fifth welding seam 110 between the middle cylinder 14 and the outer casing 15 are welded conveniently.
The welding positioning device of the combined casing comprises a bottom plate 21, a first positioning mechanism and a second positioning mechanism. The first mounting edge 11 is supported by the bottom plate 21, the first mounting edge 11 is axially positioned, and the first mounting edge 11 is radially positioned by the first positioning mechanism, so that the position of the first mounting edge 11 can be determined. After the position of the first mounting edge 11 is determined, the inner cylinder 13 and the middle cylinder 14 can be axially positioned by supporting the inner cylinder 13 and the middle cylinder 14 through the first mounting edge 11. The first positioning portion 111 abuts the inner cylinder 13 from the outside to radially position the inner cylinder 13, so that the inner cylinder 13 is coaxial with the first mounting edge 11. The first positioning portion 111 abuts against the intermediate cylinder 14 from the inside to radially position the intermediate cylinder 14, so that the intermediate cylinder 14 is coaxial with the first mounting edge 11. After the positions of the inner cylinder 13 and the middle cylinder 14 are determined, the second mounting edge 12 is supported by the inner cylinder 13 and the middle cylinder 14, and the second mounting edge 12 can be axially positioned. The second positioning portion 121 is abutted by the inner cylinder 13 and the intermediate cylinder 14 from the inner side and the outer side, respectively, to radially position the second mounting edge 12, so that the second mounting edge 12 and the first mounting edge 11 are coaxial. The outer casing 15 is axially positioned through the second positioning mechanism, so that the axial distance between the first mounting edge 11 and the outer casing 15 can be determined, and the height of the combined casing can be ensured. The second positioning mechanism radially positions the outer casing 15, so that the outer casing 15 is coaxial with the first mounting edge 11. The welding and positioning device of the combined casing can ensure the height of the combined casing, so that the first mounting edge 11, the second mounting edge 12, the inner cylinder 13, the middle cylinder 14 and the outer casing 15 are coaxial, and the welding and positioning precision is ensured, thereby facilitating the welding of the first welding seam 16, the second welding seam 17, the third welding seam 18, the fourth welding seam 19 and the fifth welding seam 110. Optionally, the bottom plate 21 is made of ZL105 with good heat conductivity.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the first positioning mechanism includes a first pressing plate 221 mounted on the bottom plate 21 and configured to press the first mounting edge 11 against the bottom plate 21. The first pressing plate 221 may press the first mounting edge 11 against the bottom plate 21, thereby positioning the first mounting edge 11. Optionally, a first bolt 222 is disposed on the bottom plate 21, the first pressing plate 221 is sleeved on the first bolt 222, and a first nut 223 screwed with the first bolt 222 by rotation to press the first pressing plate 221 against the first mounting edge 11 is screwed on the first bolt 222. The first nut 223 is screwed to the first bolt 222 by rotation, so that the first nut 223 abuts against the first pressing plate 221, and the first pressing plate 221 is pressed on the first mounting edge 11, thereby pressing the first mounting edge 11. Optionally, the first bolt 222 is screwed on the bottom plate 21, and a second nut 224 for abutting against the bottom plate 21 when the first nut 223 rotates is screwed on the first bolt 222 to prevent the first bolt 222 from rotating. The first bolt 222 is screwed to the base plate 21, and the first bolt 222 is easily attached and detached. When the first nut 223 is rotated, the second nut 224 abuts against the bottom plate 21, and the first bolt 222 is prevented from being rotated. Optionally, the first pressing plate 221 includes at least two first arc-shaped plates 2211 arranged along the circumferential direction of the first pressing plate 221 to increase the contact area of the first pressing plate 221 and the first mounting edge 11. The first pressing plate 221 is composed of at least two first arc-shaped plates 2211, and the arc-shaped plates enable the first pressing plate 221 to be in contact with the first mounting edge 11 in a whole circle, so that the contact area between the first pressing plate 221 and the first mounting edge 11 can be increased. Because most area of the first mounting edge 11 is restrained by the first pressing plate 221, the first mounting edge 11 can be prevented from warping and deforming, the flatness of the first mounting edge 11 is ensured, the subsequent assembly precision is ensured, the subsequent machining time is reduced, and the machining efficiency is improved. Optionally, the first platen 221 material is ZL 105.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the outer wall surface of the outer casing 15 is provided with a first flange 151 and a second flange 152 arranged opposite to the first flange 151 at an interval, the second positioning mechanism includes a connecting shaft 231 disposed on the bottom plate 21 and configured to pass through the first flange 151 and the second flange 152, a second pressing plate 232 sleeved on the connecting shaft 231 and located at an end of the connecting shaft 231 close to the bottom plate 21, a third pressing plate 233 sleeved on the connecting shaft 231 and located at an end of the connecting shaft 231 far from the bottom plate 21, a third nut 234 threadedly sleeved on the connecting shaft 231 and configured to press the second pressing plate 232 against the first flange 151 from the outside, and a fourth nut 235 threadedly sleeved on the connecting shaft 231 and configured to press the third pressing plate 233 against the second flange 152 from the outside. The third nut 234 is screwed to the connecting shaft 231, and the third nut 234 abuts against the second presser plate 232, so that the second presser plate 232 presses the first flange 151 from the outside. The fourth nut 235 is screwed to the connecting shaft 231, so that the fourth nut 235 abuts against the third presser plate 233, and the third presser plate 233 presses the second flange 152 from the outside. The outer case 15 can be positioned by compressing the first flange 151 and the second flange 152. Alternatively, the connection shaft 231 is connected to the base plate 21 by a screw.
As shown in fig. 3 and 5, in the present embodiment, a positioning plate 236 is sleeved on the connecting shaft 231 and located between the second pressing plate 232 and the third pressing plate 233, and is used for restraining the first flange 151 and the second flange 152 from the inside to prevent the first flange 151 and the second flange 152 from generating welding deformation. The first flange 151 and the second flange 152 are restrained by the positioning plate 236 from the inner side, so that the first flange 151 and the second flange 152 can be prevented from being warped and deformed after welding, the subsequent process of removing allowance is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved. Optionally, the positioning plate 236 includes at least two second arc-shaped plates 2361 disposed along the circumferential direction of the positioning plate 236, and two adjacent second arc-shaped plates 2361 are connected by the second bolt 237 and the fifth nut 238. When the combined type flange is used, the second arc-shaped plates 2361 are respectively clamped between the first flange 151 and the second flange 152, and the second arc-shaped plates 2361 are integrated by the second bolts 237 and the fifth nuts 238. Optionally, the positioning plate 236 is provided with a lightening hole 2362 for reducing the weight of the positioning plate 236. Optionally, a 0.1mm clearance fit is employed between the positioning plate 236 and the first flange 151. Optionally, a 0.1mm clearance fit is employed between the positioning plate 236 and the second flange 152. Optionally, the material of the positioning plate 236 is ZL105, and the positioning plate 236 is in large-area contact with the outer casing 15, so that heat dissipation of the outer casing 15 during a welding process can be accelerated, and deformation of the outer casing 15 after welding can be reduced.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, in the embodiment, a first positioning hole 2363 is formed on the positioning plate 236, and a first pin 239 for passing through the second flange 152 to circumferentially position the outer casing 15 is disposed in the first positioning hole 2363. Optionally, a support 241 is disposed on the bottom plate 21, and a second latch 242 for inserting into a second positioning hole on the middle cylinder 14 to circumferentially position the middle cylinder 14 is disposed on the support 241. The intermediate cylinder 14 and the outer casing 15 have a certain circumferential positional relationship. The second bolt 242 on the support 241 is inserted into the second positioning hole on the middle cylinder 14 to position the circumferential position of the middle cylinder 14; the first pin 239 penetrates through the second flange 152 to position the circumferential position of the outer casing 15, so as to ensure the circumferential position relationship between the intermediate cylinder 14 and the outer casing 15. Alternatively, the support 241 is attached to the base plate 21 by means of a cylindrical pin and a screw.
As shown in fig. 3 and 6, in the present embodiment, the welding positioning device further includes a support mechanism 25 for abutting against the inner wall surface of the inner cylinder 13 in the radial direction of the inner cylinder 13 to prevent the inner cylinder 13 from being deformed during welding. The supporting mechanism 25 radially supports against the inner wall surface of the inner cylinder 13 along the inner cylinder 13, so that the capability of resisting shrinkage deformation of the inner cylinder 13 during welding can be improved, the deformation of the welded inner cylinder 13 is prevented, and the quality of the combined casing is ensured. Alternatively, the support mechanism 25 includes a connection plate 251, a plurality of telescopic rods provided on the connection plate 251 in different radial directions of the connection plate 251 for extension or contraction, and a stay 253 provided at an end of the telescopic rod for abutting against an inner wall surface of the inner cylinder 13 when the telescopic rod is extended. The telescopic rod is extended or shortened along the radial direction of the connecting plate 251, and the position of the supporting block 253 can be adjusted along the radial direction of the connecting plate 251. When the telescopic rod is extended, the supporting block 253 can be pressed against the inner wall surface of the inner cylinder 13 along the radial direction of the connecting plate 251. When the telescopic rod is shortened, the supporting mechanism 25 is convenient to install and take out. Optionally, the telescopic rod includes a first screw 2521 connected to the connecting plate 251, a second screw 2522 connected to the supporting block 253, and a sixth nut 2523 threadedly sleeved on the first screw 2521 and the second screw 2522, wherein a screwing direction of the first screw 2521 is opposite to a screwing direction of the second screw 2522, so that the first screw 2521 and the second screw 2522 move away from each other or approach each other when the sixth nut 2523 rotates. The sixth nut 2523 is threadedly sleeved on the first screw 2521 and the second screw 2522, a screwing direction of the first screw 2521 is opposite to a screwing direction of the second screw 2522, and the first screw 2521 and the second screw 2522 are simultaneously screwed out or simultaneously screwed in by rotating the sixth nut 2523, so that the first screw 2521 and the second screw 2522 are separated from or approach to each other, thereby adjusting the position of the strut 253 in the radial direction of the connecting plate 251. Optionally, the material of the supporting block 253 is ZL105, so that the supporting block 253 can accelerate heat dissipation of the inner cylinder 13 in the process of abutting against the inner cylinder 13, and the influence of high temperature on deformation of the inner cylinder 13 is reduced. Optionally, the brace 253 is pinned to the second threaded rod 2522 to facilitate mounting and dismounting of the brace 253.
As shown in fig. 3 and 7, in the present embodiment, the welding positioning device further includes a hoop mechanism 26 for tightening the outer wall surface of the middle cylinder 14 to prevent the middle cylinder 14 from welding deformation. The hoop mechanism 26 hoops the middle cylinder 14, so that the welding deformation resistance of the middle cylinder 14 can be improved, the middle cylinder 14 is prevented from deforming after welding, and the quality of the middle cylinder 14 is ensured. Optionally, the hoop mechanism 26 includes a first hoop 261 and a second hoop 262, one end of the first hoop 261 is hinged to one end of the second hoop 262, the other end of the first hoop 261 is hinged to a third bolt 263, the other end of the second hoop 262 is provided with a through groove, the third bolt 263 is threaded and sleeved with a seventh nut 264, so that when the first hoop 261 and the second hoop 262 are enclosed to be circular and the third bolt 263 is embedded into the through groove, the seventh nut 264 and the third bolt 263 are screwed down, thereby locking the first hoop 261 and the second hoop 262. When rotating the first anchor ear 261 and/or the second anchor ear 262 around the hinge point, the first anchor ear 261 and the second anchor ear 262 can be made to enclose into a circle, the third bolt 263 is made to rotate around the hinge point to be embedded into the through groove, the seventh nut 264 and the third bolt 263 are screwed, and therefore the first anchor ear 261 and the second anchor ear 262 are locked, and the intermediate cylinder 14 is hooped by the anchor ear mechanism 26. When the seventh nut 264 is loosened to rotate the third bolt 263 away from the through slot around the hinge point, the hoop mechanism 26 can be removed from the middle cylinder 14 by rotating the first hoop 261 and/or the second hoop 262 around the hinge point. Optionally, the material of the hoop mechanism 26 is ZL105, which can accelerate heat dissipation of the middle cylinder 14 and reduce welding deformation of the middle cylinder 14 during welding. Optionally, the first anchor ear 261 is hinged to the second anchor ear 262 by a pin, the first anchor ear 261 is in interference fit with the pin, the second anchor ear 262 is in clearance fit with the pin, and the second anchor ear 262 can rotate around the pin. Optionally, the third bolt 263 is hinged to the first anchor ear 261 by a pin.
As shown in fig. 3 and 8, in the present embodiment, a cooling mechanism for cooling the bottom plate 21 to accelerate heat dissipation of the combined casing is provided on the bottom plate 21. The cooling mechanism can cool the bottom plate 21, the bottom plate 21 is in contact with the combined casing, the heat transfer of the combined casing can be accelerated during welding, the influence of high temperature on the combined casing is reduced, and the welding deformation of the combined casing is effectively controlled. Alternatively, the cooling mechanism includes a cooling pipe 271 disposed on the bottom plate 21 and used for circulating cooling water to cool the bottom plate 21, a water inlet pipe 272 communicated with an input end of the cooling pipe 271 and used for inputting the cooling water into the cooling pipe 271, and a water outlet pipe 273 communicated with an output end of the cooling pipe 271 and used for outputting the cooling water from the cooling pipe 271. When welding seams are welded, the cooling pipe 271 is filled with water, heat of the combined casing can be rapidly transferred out through flowing of water flow, and influence of high temperature on deformation of the combined casing is reduced. Optionally, the bottom plate 21 is provided with a mounting groove, the cooling pipe 271 is inserted into the mounting groove, and the bottom plate 21 is provided with a cover plate 274 for closing the mounting groove and a screw 275 for pressing the cover plate 274 against the bottom plate 21. The cooling pipe 271 may be fixed in the mounting groove of the base plate 21 by the screw 275 and the cover plate 274. Alternatively, the cooling pipe 271 may be a circular pipe to increase a contact area of the cooling pipe 271 with the bottom plate 21. The cooling pipe 271 is welded into a circular shape by a copper pipe, so that the contact area between the cooling pipe 271 and the bottom plate 21 can be increased, and heat dissipation of the bottom plate 21 is facilitated. Optionally, the base plate 21 is provided with feet 211 for raising the weld fixture to facilitate mounting of components on the weld fixture. Be equipped with stabilizer blade 211 on bottom plate 21, welding position device can be raised to stabilizer blade 211, makes things convenient for the installation of the part on the welding position device.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the welding fixture further includes a first heat slug 28 for placing on the outer casing 15 to accelerate the heat dissipation of the outer casing 15 and a second heat slug 29 for placing on the second mounting edge 12 to accelerate the heat dissipation of the second mounting edge 12. The first heat dissipation block 28 is attached to the outer casing 15, so that heat dissipation of the outer casing 15 can be accelerated when the third welding seam 18 is welded, and deformation of the outer casing 15 after welding is reduced. The second heat dissipation block 29 is attached to the second mounting edge 12, and can accelerate the heat dissipation of the second mounting edge 12 when the fourth welding seam 19 is welded. The first radiating block 28 and the second radiating block 29 can accelerate the heat transfer of the combined casing during welding, reduce the influence of high temperature on the combined casing, and effectively control the welding deformation of the combined casing. Optionally, the first heatslug 28 also serves to support the combined case and weld fixture when the combined case and weld fixture are inverted for welding the first weld 16. When welding the first weld 16, it is inconvenient to perform continuous welding due to the blockage of the support mechanism 25. The combined case and weld fixture are thus inverted and supported by the first heatslug 28 for welding the first weld 16. Optionally, the first heat slug 28 material is ZL 105. Optionally, the material of the second heat dissipation block 29 is LY 11.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention further provides a welding and positioning method for a combined casing, wherein the welding and positioning device for a combined casing comprises the following steps: a. placing the first mounting edge 11 on the bottom plate 21, supporting the first mounting edge 11 through the bottom plate 21, axially positioning the first mounting edge 11, and radially positioning the first mounting edge 11 through the first positioning mechanism; b. the inner cylinder body 13, the middle cylinder body 14 and the second mounting edge 12 are assembled in sequence; c. the outer casing 15 is axially and radially positioned by a second positioning mechanism; d. the first weld 16, the second weld 17, the third weld 18, the fourth weld 19, and the fifth weld 110 are welded.
In specific implementation, a welding positioning method of a combined casing is provided, which comprises the following steps:
1. the first pressing plate 221 is taken down from the welding positioning device, and the fourth nut 235, the third pressing plate 233 and the positioning plate 236 are taken down in sequence;
2. placing the first mounting edge 11 on the bottom plate 21, mounting the first pressing plate 221, and tightening the first nut 223 to enable the first pressing plate 221 to press the first mounting edge 11 tightly;
3. sequentially assembling the inner cylinder body 13, the middle cylinder body 14 (the second bolt 242 positions the circumferential position) and the second mounting edge 12;
4. the two second arc-shaped plates 2361 are clamped between the first flange 151 and the second flange 152, the first bolt 239 is inserted into the first positioning hole 2363 on the positioning plate 236 to position the circumferential position, the two second arc-shaped plates 2361 are integrated by the second bolt 237 and the fifth nut 238, and the positioning plate 236 and the outer casing 15 are mounted on the bottom plate 21 together by the connecting shaft 231;
5. mounting the third pressing plate 233, tightening the fourth nut 235 to press the third pressing plate 233 against the second flange 152 from the outside, and tightening the third nut 234 to press the second pressing plate 232 against the first flange 151 from the outside;
6. the mounting support mechanism 25 is rotatably adjusted by the sixth nut 2523 to urge the stay 253 against the inner wall surface of the inner cylinder 13;
7. installing the hoop mechanism 26, so that the hoop mechanism 26 hoops the outer wall surface of the middle barrel 14;
8. welding the fifth weld 110 and the second weld 17 in sequence;
9. mounting the first heat dissipation block 28, and welding the third welding seam 18;
10. removing the first heat dissipation block 28, installing the second heat dissipation block 29, and welding the fourth welding seam 19;
11. the second slug 29 is removed, the first slug 28 is placed against the table, the welding fixture is inverted with the composite casing on the first slug 28, and the first weld 16 is welded.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A welding and positioning device of a combined casing comprises a first mounting edge (11), a second mounting edge (12) arranged opposite to the first mounting edge (11) at an interval, an inner cylinder (13) arranged between the first mounting edge (11) and the second mounting edge (12), a middle cylinder (14) arranged between the first mounting edge (11) and the second mounting edge (12) and sleeved outside the inner cylinder (13) at an interval, and an outer casing (15) sleeved outside the middle cylinder (14), wherein the first mounting edge (11), the second mounting edge (12), the inner cylinder (13), the middle cylinder (14) and the outer casing (15) are coaxially arranged, a first positioning part (111) extending into a gap between the inner cylinder (13) and the middle cylinder (14) is arranged on the first mounting edge (11), the second mounting edge (12) is provided with a second positioning part (121) which extends into a gap between the inner cylinder body (13) and the middle cylinder body (14), and is characterized in that,
the welding positioning device comprises a bottom plate (21) used for supporting the first mounting edge (11) to axially position the first mounting edge (11), a first positioning mechanism arranged on the bottom plate (21) and used for radially positioning the first mounting edge (11), and a second positioning mechanism arranged on the bottom plate (21) and used for axially positioning and radially positioning the outer casing (15),
after the bottom plate (21) and the first positioning mechanism determine the position of the first mounting edge (11), the inner cylinder (13) and the middle cylinder (14) are supported by the first mounting edge (11) to axially position the inner cylinder (13) and the middle cylinder (14), the inner cylinder (13) and the middle cylinder (14) are radially positioned by the first positioning portion (111) to enable the inner cylinder (13) and the middle cylinder (14) to be coaxial with the first mounting edge (11), the second mounting edge (12) is supported by the inner cylinder (13) and the middle cylinder (14) to axially position the second mounting edge (12), and the second mounting edge (12) is radially positioned by the cooperation of the inner cylinder (13) and the middle cylinder (14) and the second positioning portion (121) to enable the second mounting edge (12) to be radially positioned with the first mounting edge (11) Coaxially, axially positioning the outer casing (15) by the second positioning mechanism to ensure the height of the combined casing, radially positioning the outer casing (15) by the second positioning mechanism to make the outer casing (15) coaxial with the first mounting edge (11),
thereby facilitating welding of a first weld (16) between the first mounting edge (11) and the inner cylinder (13), a second weld (17) between the first mounting edge (11) and the middle cylinder (14), a third weld (18) between the second mounting edge (12) and the inner cylinder (13), a fourth weld (19) between the second mounting edge (12) and the outer casing (15), and a fifth weld (110) between the middle cylinder (14) and the outer casing (15).
2. The welding fixture of claim 1,
the first positioning mechanism comprises a first pressing plate (221) which is arranged on the bottom plate (21) and used for pressing the first mounting edge (11) on the bottom plate (21);
a first bolt (222) is arranged on the bottom plate (21), the first pressing plate (221) is sleeved on the first bolt (222), and a first nut (223) which is screwed with the first bolt (222) through rotation to press the first pressing plate (221) on the first mounting edge (11) is sleeved on the first bolt (222) in a threaded manner;
the first bolt (222) is in threaded connection with the bottom plate (21), and a second nut (224) which is used for abutting against the bottom plate (21) when the first nut (223) rotates so as to prevent the first bolt (222) from rotating is in threaded sleeve on the first bolt (222);
the first pressing plate (221) comprises at least two first arc-shaped plates (2211) arranged along the circumferential direction of the first pressing plate (221) so as to increase the contact area of the first pressing plate (221) and the first mounting edge (11).
3. The welding fixture of claim 1,
a first flange (151) and a second flange (152) which is arranged opposite to the first flange (151) at intervals are arranged on the outer wall surface of the outer casing (15),
the second positioning mechanism comprises a connecting shaft (231) which is arranged on the bottom plate (21) and used for penetrating through the first flange (151) and the second flange (152), a second pressing plate (232) which is sleeved on the connecting shaft (231) and is positioned at one end, close to the bottom plate (21), of the connecting shaft (231), a third pressing plate (233) which is sleeved on the connecting shaft (231) and is positioned at one end, far away from the bottom plate (21), of the connecting shaft (231), a third nut (234) which is sleeved on the connecting shaft (231) in a threaded manner and used for enabling the second pressing plate (232) to press the first flange (151) from the outside, and a fourth nut (235) which is sleeved on the connecting shaft (231) in a threaded manner and used for enabling the third pressing plate (233) to press the second flange (152) from the outside.
4. The welding fixture of claim 3,
the connecting shaft (231) is sleeved with a positioning plate (236) which is positioned between the second pressing plate (232) and the third pressing plate (233) and used for restraining the first flange (151) and the second flange (152) from the inner side so as to prevent the first flange (151) and the second flange (152) from generating welding deformation;
the positioning plate (236) comprises at least two second arc-shaped plates (2361) arranged along the circumferential direction of the positioning plate (236), and every two adjacent second arc-shaped plates (2361) are connected through a second bolt (237) and a fifth nut (238);
the positioning plate (236) is provided with lightening holes (2362) for reducing the weight of the positioning plate (236).
5. The welding fixture of claim 4,
a first positioning hole (2363) is formed in the positioning plate (236), and a first bolt (239) which penetrates through the second flange (152) to circumferentially position the outer casing (15) is arranged in the first positioning hole (2363);
the bottom plate (21) is provided with a support (241), and the support (241) is provided with a second bolt (242) which is used for being inserted into a second positioning hole in the middle cylinder (14) so as to circumferentially position the middle cylinder (14).
6. The welding fixture of claim 1,
the welding positioning device also comprises a supporting mechanism (25) which is used for propping against the inner wall surface of the inner cylinder body (13) along the radial direction of the inner cylinder body (13) so as to prevent the inner cylinder body (13) from generating welding deformation;
the supporting mechanism (25) comprises a connecting plate (251), a plurality of telescopic rods which are arranged on the connecting plate (251) along different radial directions of the connecting plate (251) and used for extending or shortening, and a supporting block (253) which is arranged at the end part of each telescopic rod and used for abutting against the inner wall surface of the inner cylinder body (13) when the telescopic rods extend;
the telescopic rod comprises a first screw rod (2521) connected with the connecting plate (251), a second screw rod (2522) connected with the supporting block (253) and a sixth nut (2523) in threaded sleeve connection with the first screw rod (2521) and the second screw rod (2522), wherein the screwing direction of the first screw rod (2521) is opposite to that of the second screw rod (2522), so that the first screw rod (2521) and the second screw rod (2522) are far away from or close to each other when the sixth nut (2523) rotates.
7. The welding fixture of claim 1,
the welding positioning device also comprises a hoop mechanism (26) for hooping the outer wall surface of the middle cylinder (14) to prevent the middle cylinder (14) from generating welding deformation;
the hoop mechanism (26) comprises a first hoop (261) and a second hoop (262), one end of the first hoop (261) is hinged to one end of the second hoop (262), the other end of the first hoop (261) is hinged to a third bolt (263), a through groove is formed in the other end of the second hoop (262), a seventh nut (264) is sleeved on the third bolt (263) in a threaded manner, so that when the first hoop (261) and the second hoop (262) are surrounded in a circular manner, and the third bolt (263) is embedded into the through groove, the seventh nut (264) and the third bolt (263) are screwed down, so that the first hoop (261) and the second hoop (262) are locked.
8. The welding fixture of claim 1,
the bottom plate (21) is provided with a cooling mechanism for cooling the bottom plate (21) to accelerate the heat dissipation of the combined casing;
the cooling mechanism comprises a cooling pipe (271) which is arranged on the bottom plate (21) and is used for cooling water to circulate so as to cool the bottom plate (21), a water inlet pipe (272) which is communicated with the input end of the cooling pipe (271) and is used for inputting cooling water into the cooling pipe (271), and a water outlet pipe (273) which is communicated with the output end of the cooling pipe (271) and is used for outputting the cooling water in the cooling pipe (271);
the base plate (21) is provided with a mounting groove, the cooling pipe (271) is embedded into the mounting groove, and the base plate (21) is provided with a cover plate (274) for closing the mounting groove and a screw (275) for pressing the cover plate (274) on the base plate (21);
the cooling pipe (271) is a circular pipe so as to increase the contact area of the cooling pipe (271) and the bottom plate (21);
and the bottom plate (21) is provided with a supporting foot (211) for lifting the welding positioning device so as to be convenient for installing a part on the welding positioning device.
9. The welding fixture of claim 1,
the welding positioning device further comprises a first radiating block (28) used for being placed on the outer casing (15) to accelerate the heat dissipation of the outer casing (15) and a second radiating block (29) used for being placed on the second mounting edge (12) to accelerate the heat dissipation of the second mounting edge (12);
the first heatslug (28) is also used to support the combined case and the weld fixture when the combined case and the weld fixture are inverted to weld the first weld (16).
10. A welding positioning method for a combined casing is characterized in that the welding positioning device for the combined casing, which is disclosed by any one of claims 1-9, is adopted, and comprises the following steps:
a. placing a first mounting edge (11) on a bottom plate (21), supporting the first mounting edge (11) through the bottom plate (21), axially positioning the first mounting edge (11), and radially positioning the first mounting edge (11) through a first positioning mechanism;
b. sequentially assembling the inner cylinder body (13), the middle cylinder body (14) and the second mounting edge (12);
c. the outer casing (15) is axially and radially positioned through a second positioning mechanism;
d. welding the first weld seam (16), the second weld seam (17), the third weld seam (18), the fourth weld seam (19), and the fifth weld seam (110).
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