CN110787481B - Supercritical extraction kettle for low-fat material extraction - Google Patents
Supercritical extraction kettle for low-fat material extraction Download PDFInfo
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- CN110787481B CN110787481B CN201810878932.4A CN201810878932A CN110787481B CN 110787481 B CN110787481 B CN 110787481B CN 201810878932 A CN201810878932 A CN 201810878932A CN 110787481 B CN110787481 B CN 110787481B
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0203—Solvent extraction of solids with a supercritical fluid
Abstract
A supercritical extraction kettle for extracting low-fat materials is characterized in that a water bath barrel is arranged on a support, an outer barrel is arranged in the water bath barrel, an inner barrel is arranged in the outer barrel, an oil outlet pipe penetrating through the support is arranged at the bottom of the outer barrel, an air inlet pipe is arranged at the upper end of the side wall of the outer barrel, an extracting agent diffuses from top to bottom, extracted grease is discharged from the oil outlet pipe, a top cover is arranged at the top of the outer barrel, a bulge at the lower end of the top cover is connected with the upper end of a thrust spring unit, the lower end of the thrust spring unit is connected with a thrust circular table, an outer barrel seal is arranged between the top cover and the outer barrel, the inner wall of the inner barrel is smooth, an inner barrel bottom cover is arranged at the bottom end of the inner barrel, an inner barrel seal is arranged on the contact surface of the inner barrel bottom cover and the inner wall of the outer barrel, materials are filled in the inner barrel, and a filter layer is arranged between the inner barrel bottom cover and the materials; the invention has simple structure, convenient operation, manpower and material resource saving and can be popularized and applied to the field of supercritical extraction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of devices or equipment for physical separation, and particularly relates to a supercritical extraction kettle for extracting low-fat materials.
Background
Supercritical fluid is a fluid in which a gas is pressurized in a state where the fluid is at or above its critical temperature and critical pressure, and the gas does not liquefy but has a density that increases and has liquid-like properties while retaining gas properties. The supercritical fluid has the advantages of both gas and liquid, has density close to that of liquid, strong dissolving capacity, viscosity close to that of gas, diffusion coefficient far larger than that of common liquid and is beneficial to mass transfer. In addition, the supercritical fluid has zero surface tension and is easily permeated and diffused into micropores of an extracted substance. Therefore, the supercritical fluid has good dissolution and mass transfer characteristics, can quickly reach mass transfer balance with the extract, and realizes effective separation of substances.
The supercritical extraction technology is one of the main directions of grease extraction in the future. From the current literature reports, the oil extraction process has various characteristics of environmental protection, low cost, easy realization and the like, and is even adopted and applied by part of oil production enterprises and used for producing high-end oil. However, this technology has not been widely used to date for decades as it has emerged. Under the traditional supercritical extraction process, the flow direction of an extractant extends along an extraction kettle from bottom to top, an extractant inlet is positioned at the bottom of the extraction kettle, and an extractant outlet is positioned on a cover at the top of the extraction kettle or positioned on the side surface of the upper end of the extraction kettle. Although many literature studies report the influence of the improvement of the supercritical extraction process, including the extraction pressure, extraction temperature, carbon dioxide flow rate, extraction time and other factors on the extraction yield, it is difficult to improve the "chronic" problem of low production efficiency in the supercritical extraction of oil and fat.
The Chinese patent is named as 'a method for extracting grease by rapid supercritical extraction', and patent No. 201410030959X, when an extracting agent flows through an extraction kettle from top to bottom, the method can play the extracting effect of the extracting agent and the squeezing effect of the extracting agent, the extraction efficiency can be greatly improved, but when the extracting agent flows through the extraction kettle from top to bottom, an outlet pipeline is easy to block, the extracting agent is easy to enter and difficult to exit when a material cake filter cake layer is thick, materials at the top are not easy to extract completely, and the extraction efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the defects that the structure of the raw material is secondarily loosened in the middle stage of extraction along with the continuous reduction of the grease content of the raw material in the extraction process of the conventional supercritical extraction device, so that an extractant is quickly dissipated and the extraction efficiency is reduced are overcome, and the supercritical extraction kettle for extracting the fat of the low-fat material, which is reasonable in design, simple in structure, high in extraction efficiency and convenient to operate, is provided.
The technical scheme includes that a water bath barrel is arranged on a support, an outer barrel is arranged in the water bath barrel, an inner barrel is arranged in the outer barrel, an oil outlet pipe penetrating through the support is arranged at the bottom of the outer barrel, an air inlet pipe is arranged at the upper end of the side wall of the outer barrel, an extracting agent diffuses from top to bottom, extracted grease is discharged from the oil outlet pipe, a top cover is arranged at the top of the outer barrel, a bulge at the lower end of the top cover is connected with the upper end of a thrust spring unit, the lower end of the thrust spring unit is connected with a thrust circular table, an outer barrel seal is arranged between the top cover and the outer barrel, the inner wall of the inner barrel is smooth, an inner barrel bottom cover is arranged at the bottom end of the inner barrel, an inner barrel seal is arranged on the contact surface of the inner barrel bottom cover and the bottom of the outer barrel, materials are filled in the inner barrel, and a filter layer is arranged between the inner barrel bottom cover and the materials.
The sealing cross section of the inner cylinder is of a trapezoidal structure.
The thrust circular truncated cone of the invention is: the thrust upper round platform is connected with the thrust lower round platform, and the thrust upper round platform and the thrust lower round platform are connected
A filter layer is arranged between the round tables.
The lower contact surface of the upper thrust circular truncated cone and the upper contact surface of the lower thrust circular truncated cone are provided with a plurality of concentric U-shaped grooves, and vent holes penetrating through the circular truncated cones are correspondingly processed in the U-shaped grooves of the upper thrust circular truncated cone and the lower thrust circular truncated cone.
The thrust spring unit of the invention is: one end of the thrust spring sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper end of the thrust circular truncated cone protrusion, the other end of the thrust spring sleeve is movably connected with the lower end of the top cover protrusion, one end of the thrust spring is connected with the lower end of the top cover protrusion, and the other end of the thrust spring sleeve is connected with the thrust circular truncated cone protrusion.
The inner cylinder bottom cover is characterized in that an inner cylinder bottom cover body is in a round platform shape, a trapezoidal chamfer matched with the inner cylinder in a sealing mode is machined at the bottom of the inner cylinder bottom cover body, oil outlet grooves are machined in the inner cylinder bottom cover body and are communicated with each other, and oil outlet holes penetrating through the inner cylinder top cover body are uniformly distributed in the oil outlet grooves.
The filtering layer of the invention is a metal powder sintered filtering disc or a metal woven screen.
The top cover of the invention is provided with a temperature metering device.
The top cover of the invention is provided with a pressure metering device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. adopt thrust spring unit to promote thrust round platform and carry out spring mechanical pressurization to the oil of feed cylinder, extractant (carbon dioxide) that get into the inner tube in coordination promotes the material to the storage bucket inner wall periphery and move down, can realize that the whole of material moves down and the material is sealed with the good of feed cylinder inner wall, makes the material be in the state that compresses tightly all the time, and then prevents the invalid loss of extractant, carries out supercritical extraction to the material, and extraction efficiency is higher.
2. The sealing layer is arranged between the bottom cover of the inner cylinder and the bottom of the inner wall of the extraction kettle, so that an extracting agent can be effectively prevented from flowing through a gap between the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the extraction kettle, and the extraction kettle has the characteristics of simple operation and convenient installation.
The invention has simple structure and convenient operation, does not need to turn over the inner cylinder, saves manpower and material resources and can be popularized and applied to the field of supercritical extraction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the inner cylinder bottom cover 10 of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the thrust cone 4 in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. a support; 2. an outer cylinder; 3. an inner barrel; 4. a thrust circular table; 5. an air inlet pipe; 6. sealing the outer cylinder; 7. a top cover; 8. a thrust spring unit; 9. a filter layer; 10. an inner cylinder bottom cover; 11. an oil outlet pipe; 12. sealing the inner cylinder; 13. a water bath cylinder; 10-1, an inner cylinder bottom cover body; a. an oil outlet groove; b. an oil outlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
In fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the supercritical extraction kettle for extracting low-fat materials is characterized in that a water bath barrel 13 is mounted on a support 1, the side wall of the water bath barrel 13 is processed into a hollow structure, temperature control water is filled in the hollow structure, a water inlet pipe communicated with the side wall of the water bath barrel 13 is mounted at the lower end of the side wall of the water bath barrel 13, a water outlet pipe communicated with the side wall of the water bath barrel 13 is mounted at the upper end of the side wall of the water bath barrel 13, an outer barrel 2 is mounted in the water bath barrel 13, an oil outlet pipe 11 penetrating through the support 1 is processed at the bottom of the outer. An inner barrel 3 is arranged in the outer barrel 2, the inner barrel 3 is of a structure with an upper opening and a lower opening, the inner wall of the inner barrel 3 is subjected to smoothing treatment, the bottom end of the inner barrel 3 is fixedly connected and provided with an inner barrel bottom cover 10 by a thread fastening connecting piece, a trapezoidal inner barrel seal 12 is arranged on the contact surface of the inner barrel bottom cover 10 and the inner wall of the outer barrel 2 so as to prevent an extractant from flowing out of the extraction kettle along a gap between the inner barrel 3 and the outer barrel 2, a top cover 7 downwards sequentially extrudes the inner barrel 3 and the inner barrel bottom cover 10, and the inner barrel seal 12 arranged on the contact surface of the inner barrel bottom cover 10 and the inner wall of the outer barrel 2 is compressed; the inner cylinder 3 is filled with materials, a filter layer 9 is arranged between an inner cylinder bottom cover 10 and the materials, the filter layer 9 prevents extracted oil from taking away material slag to cause blockage of an oil outlet b and an oil outlet pipe 11, the inner cylinder bottom cover 10 of the embodiment is composed of an inner cylinder bottom cover body 10-1, the inner cylinder bottom cover body 10-1 is in a round table shape, a trapezoidal chamfer matched with an inner cylinder seal 12 is processed at the bottom, oil outlet grooves a are processed on the inner cylinder bottom cover body 10-1 and communicated with each other, the oil outlet efficiency is improved, and the oil outlet holes b penetrating through the inner cylinder top cover body are uniformly distributed and processed in the oil outlet grooves a.
The top cap 7 is installed through the threaded connection fastener connection in 2 tops of urceolus of this embodiment, and the arch of top cap 7 lower extreme is connected with the upper end of thrust spring unit 8, and the lower extreme of thrust spring unit 8 is connected with thrust round platform 4, is provided with urceolus seal 6 between top cap 7 and the urceolus 2, and urceolus seal 6 prevents that carbon dioxide gas from leaking and causes extraction pressure not enough. The thrust round platform of this embodiment is connected by thrust upper round platform, thrust lower round platform, filter layer and is constituted, and thrust upper round platform and thrust are connected through threaded fastener between the round platform down, and thrust upper round platform and thrust are installed the filter layer down between the round platform, and the filter layer here prevents that the material from shifting up and causes the extraction trouble, thrust upper round platform's lower contact surface and thrust down be provided with a plurality of concentric U type grooves on the round platform on the contact surface, thrust upper round platform and thrust down the U type inslot of round platform correspond the processing have the air vent that runs through the round platform, ensure that the extractant can get into inner tube 3 smoothly. The thrust spring unit of this embodiment comprises thrust spring and thrust spring sleeve, and thrust spring plays the cushioning effect and promotes thrust round platform 4 simultaneously and move down the compression material, and on thrust spring sleeve one end fixed connection and the protruding of thrust round platform 4, other end swing joint and top cap 7 lower extreme protruding, thrust spring one end is connected with the protruding of top cap 7 lower extreme, the other end is connected with the protruding of thrust round platform 4.
An air inlet pipe 5 is processed at the upper part of the side wall of the outer barrel 2, the upper edge of the inner barrel 3 is processed into a sawtooth shape, carbon dioxide gas can smoothly reach materials in the inner barrel 3, a thrust spring unit 8 pushes a thrust circular table 4 to move downwards, the materials move downwards towards the periphery of the inner barrel 3 in the downward moving process of the thrust circular table 4, an extracting agent enters the materials through an air inlet hole in the thrust circular table 4 to be extracted, and furthermore, a temperature metering device and a pressure metering device are arranged on a top cover 8 of the invention.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
extractant (carbon dioxide gas) gets into from intake pipe 5, gets into the material through the inlet port on the thrust round platform 4, and carbon dioxide gas carries out supercritical press extraction to the material, and thrust round platform 4 moves downwards to inner tube 3 periphery and under thrust spring's effect, compresses tightly the material in real time, and supercritical carbon dioxide carries out the pressurization extraction to the material in coordination, and the extraction liquid that has the grease after the extraction passes through oil pipe 11 and collects.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a supercritical fluid extraction cauldron for low fat material extraction, set up a water bath section of thick bamboo on the support, be provided with the urceolus in the water bath section of thick bamboo, be provided with the inner tube in the urceolus, the urceolus bottom is provided with the oil pipe that pierces through the support, urceolus lateral wall upper end is provided with the intake pipe, the extractant from top to bottom diffuses, the grease of extraction is discharged by an oil pipe, the inner tube inner wall is smooth, the inner tube bottom is provided with the inner tube bottom, it is sealed to be provided with the inner tube on inner tube bottom and the urceolus bottom contact surface, the inner tube intussuseption is filled with the material, be provided with the filter layer between inner tube bottom and the material, a serial communication port: the top of the outer barrel is provided with a top cover, a bulge at the lower end of the top cover is connected with the upper end of a thrust spring unit, the lower end of the thrust spring unit is connected with a thrust circular table, and an outer barrel seal is arranged between the top cover and the outer barrel;
the thrust circular truncated cone is as follows: the thrust upper round platform is connected with the thrust lower round platform, a filter layer is arranged between the thrust upper round platform and the thrust lower round platform, a plurality of concentric U-shaped grooves are formed in the lower contact surface of the thrust upper round platform and the upper contact surface of the thrust lower round platform, and air holes penetrating through the round platforms are correspondingly processed in the U-shaped grooves of the thrust upper round platform and the thrust lower round platform;
the thrust spring unit is: one end of the thrust spring sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper end of the thrust circular truncated cone protrusion, the other end of the thrust spring sleeve is movably connected with the lower end of the top cover protrusion, one end of the thrust spring is connected with the lower end of the top cover protrusion, and the other end of the thrust spring sleeve is connected with the thrust circular truncated cone protrusion.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the inner cylinder has a trapezoidal cross-section.
3. The supercritical extraction kettle according to claim 1, wherein the inner barrel bottom cover is characterized in that the inner barrel bottom cover body is in a round platform shape, the bottom of the inner barrel bottom cover body is provided with a trapezoidal chamfer matched with the inner barrel seal, the inner barrel bottom cover body is provided with oil outlet grooves, the oil outlet grooves are communicated with each other, and oil outlet holes penetrating through the inner barrel top cover body are uniformly distributed and processed in the oil outlet grooves.
4. The supercritical extraction kettle according to claim 1, wherein: the filtering layer is a metal powder sintered filtering disc or a metal woven screen.
5. The supercritical extraction kettle according to claim 1, wherein: the top cover is provided with a temperature metering device.
6. The supercritical extraction kettle according to claim 1, wherein: the top cover is provided with a pressure metering device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810878932.4A CN110787481B (en) | 2018-08-03 | 2018-08-03 | Supercritical extraction kettle for low-fat material extraction |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810878932.4A CN110787481B (en) | 2018-08-03 | 2018-08-03 | Supercritical extraction kettle for low-fat material extraction |
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| CN110787481A CN110787481A (en) | 2020-02-14 |
| CN110787481B true CN110787481B (en) | 2021-08-06 |
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| CN111234923A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-05 | 陕西师范大学 | Variable volume supercritical extraction device and application method thereof |
| CN111234924A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-05 | 陕西师范大学 | Variable-volume supercritical extraction kettle and use method thereof |
| CN111467835B (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-10-01 | 陕西师范大学 | Bottom discharge type supercritical extraction kettle and use method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2868393Y (en) * | 2005-12-29 | 2007-02-14 | 杭州正大空分设备制造有限公司 | Self-operated filler compacting device |
| CN103773597A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-05-07 | 牛鹏飞 | Rapid supercritical extraction method of oil |
| CN204429051U (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-07-01 | 四川天采科技有限责任公司 | A kind of hydrogen manufacturing adsorption tower combination hold down gag |
| CN107384584A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-24 | 广东药科大学 | A kind of method of supercritical carbon dioxide extracting fruit of glossy privet lubricant component |
| CN206970561U (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2018-02-06 | 陕西师范大学 | A kind of device of supercritical extract grease |
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2018
- 2018-08-03 CN CN201810878932.4A patent/CN110787481B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2868393Y (en) * | 2005-12-29 | 2007-02-14 | 杭州正大空分设备制造有限公司 | Self-operated filler compacting device |
| CN103773597A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-05-07 | 牛鹏飞 | Rapid supercritical extraction method of oil |
| CN204429051U (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-07-01 | 四川天采科技有限责任公司 | A kind of hydrogen manufacturing adsorption tower combination hold down gag |
| CN107384584A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-24 | 广东药科大学 | A kind of method of supercritical carbon dioxide extracting fruit of glossy privet lubricant component |
| CN206970561U (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2018-02-06 | 陕西师范大学 | A kind of device of supercritical extract grease |
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