CN110786512B - Grease liposome and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Grease liposome and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN110786512B
CN110786512B CN201910989140.9A CN201910989140A CN110786512B CN 110786512 B CN110786512 B CN 110786512B CN 201910989140 A CN201910989140 A CN 201910989140A CN 110786512 B CN110786512 B CN 110786512B
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liposome
grease
lipid
solution
organic solvent
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CN110786512A (en
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李晓东
张宇
刘璐
朱启鹏
常淤浩
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Northeast Agricultural University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/115Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23DEDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
    • A23D9/00Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
    • A23D9/02Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils characterised by the production or working-up
    • A23D9/04Working-up
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L5/00Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/30Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
    • A23L5/32Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation using phonon wave energy, e.g. sound or ultrasonic waves
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23PSHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
    • A23P10/00Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products
    • A23P10/30Encapsulation of particles, e.g. foodstuff additives
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/24Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, halogen, nitrogen or sulfur, e.g. cyclomethicone or phospholipids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/10Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A61K9/127Liposomes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23VINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
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  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
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  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a grease liposome and a preparation method thereof, and the grease liposome is characterized by comprising grease and fat globule membrane phospholipids coated on the surface of the grease; the lipid liposome is prepared by using polar lipid (fat globular membrane phospholipid) from milk and oil to cooperate with each other, so that the problem that the traditional process of the oil in pharmaceutical preparations or food processing is difficult to overcome can be effectively solved, the application quality of the oil is greatly improved, and the application value of the emulsion polar lipid is realized.

Description

Grease liposome and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liposome preparation, in particular to a lipid liposome and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Fats and oils are esters of various higher fatty acids (e.g., stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, etc.) with glycerol, which contain various bioactive substances such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as omega-3 (n-3), omega-6 (n-6), etc. At present, grease is widely considered to have important roles in reducing disease risks (preventing cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and diabetes) and improving consumer health (promoting brain and eye development during infant growth), so the grease has high application value in the fields of food industry and medical engineering.
However, because of the poor compatibility of the grease in water-based products, degradation and oxidation reactions are easy to occur, isomerization reactions are easy to occur under the catalysis of light and trace metals, bad flavor and taste are generated, and the bioavailability and the product quality are reduced, so that the wide application of the grease in foods, medicines and health care products is greatly limited.
In order to improve the use limit of the grease, the grease can be made into liposome which has biodegradability, biocompatibility and sustained release capacity, has good application prospect in the industries of cosmetics, medicines and foods, and can be used as a carrier of special active molecules such as vitamins, medicine active molecules, enzymes, special flavor substances and the like because the liposome can be subjected to various modification treatments to have targeting. However, most of the lipid liposomes prepared at present use soybean phospholipids, egg phospholipids, synthetic phospholipids (such as DPPC; palmitoyl-lecithin) and the like, but the lipid liposomes prepared from the polar lipids from milk are never used, and the lipid liposomes prepared from the soybean phospholipids, egg phospholipids and synthetic phospholipids have poor comprehensive usability and cannot meet the use requirements.
Therefore, how to provide a lipid liposome with more excellent performance and a preparation method thereof are technical problems to be solved by the skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a lipid liposome and a preparation method thereof, wherein the lipid liposome is prepared by mutually matching polar lipid (fat globule membrane phospholipid) from milk with lipid, so that the problem that the lipid is difficult to overcome in the traditional process of pharmaceutical preparation or food processing can be effectively solved, the application quality of the lipid is greatly improved, and the application value of the lipid is realized.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a lipidosome comprises grease and fat globule membrane phospholipids coated on the surface of the grease.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the fat to the fat globule membrane phospholipid is (1-2): (8-9).
The beneficial effects of the above preferable technical scheme are as follows: the invention adopts the fat globule membrane phospholipid to wrap the grease to form the grease liposome, effectively wraps the grease in a sealed environment, protects the grease from adverse conditions, is favorable for improving various properties (such as volume, color, smell and the like) of the grease, and utilizes the liposome to be digested and absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby realizing the effect of controlling the release of the grease, covering the undesirable flavor of the grease, avoiding the influence of environmental factors (such as temperature, air, light and humidity) during the processing and storage of food, and greatly improving the application effect of the grease. The fat globule membrane phospholipid is a polar lipid molecule in milk, contains phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol in soybean phospholipid, has high-level sphingomyelin, has low toxicity compared with a polymer material, has emulsifying property, and can inhibit colorectal cancer, inhibit cholesterol absorption and the like; and the encapsulation efficiency of the grease liposome is effectively improved, so that the structure is more compact, the stability of the edible oil is improved, the balance of the proportion of each fatty acid in the oil is ensured, and the application value of the grease liposome is improved.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the lipidosome, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Preparing grease, fat globule membrane phospholipid, organic solvent, surfactant and PBS buffer solution according to the requirement for standby;
(2) Uniformly mixing grease and fat globule membrane phospholipids to obtain a mixture A, adding an organic solvent into the mixture A, oscillating for dissolution, and ultrasonically mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) Removing the organic solvent in the mixed solution to obtain a mixture B;
(4) Dissolving a surfactant in PBS buffer solution, adding the mixture B, and performing rotary hydration reaction to obtain liposome solution;
(5) Carrying out water bath ultrasonic treatment on the liposome solution to obtain premixed crude emulsion;
(6) Homogenizing the premixed crude emulsion to obtain the lipid liposome.
Preferably, the surfactant comprises tween-80, wherein the pH value of the PBS buffer solution is=7.0-7.4, and the concentration of the PBS buffer solution is 0.005-0.01mol/L; the organic solvent comprises anhydrous diethyl ether or chloroform.
Preferably, the organic solvent comprises anhydrous diethyl ether.
The beneficial effects of the above preferable technical scheme are as follows: according to the invention, absolute ethyl ether is used as an organic solvent, so that grease and fat globule membrane phospholipids can be dissolved, and the film formation of the grease and the fat globule membrane phospholipids is promoted; the PBS buffer solution is adopted to play a role in dissolution protection, so that salt balance is facilitated, and the proper pH value can be adjusted;
preferably, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the fat to the fat globule membrane phospholipid is 2:8.
preferably, in the step (1), the grease, the fat globule membrane phospholipid, the anhydrous diethyl ether, the surfactant and the PBS buffer solution are mixed according to the mass volume ratio of (100-200) mg: (800-900) mg (16.7-25) mL (200-240) mg:20mL
Preferably, in the step (1), the grease, the fat globule membrane phospholipid, the anhydrous diethyl ether, the surfactant and the PBS buffer solution are mixed according to the mass volume ratio of 200mg:800mg (16.7-25) mL 240 mg/20 mL.
Preferably, the power of the ultrasound in the step (2) is 70-90W, the ultrasound temperature is 25 ℃, and the ultrasound time is 30 s-1 min.
Preferably, in the step (3), rotary evaporation is carried out at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ until a yellowish liposome film is formed on the wall of the rotary evaporation container, and then drying is carried out at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 4-5 hours.
Preferably, the temperature of the rotary hydration reaction in the step (4) is controlled to be in the range of 40 to 50 ℃ and 1.0X10 5 Under the pressure condition Pa, the reaction time is 40-60 min, wherein the rotary hydration refers to the rotation of the water bath in the rotary evaporator.
Preferably, in the step (5), the ultrasonic power is 60-100W, and the time is 10-30 min; the water bath temperature is 25-30 ℃.
The beneficial effects of the above preferable technical scheme are as follows: the invention can make the particle size of the liposome prepared by the film dispersion method uniform by water bath ultrasonic, so that the formed multilamellar liposome is dispersed into unilamellar liposome.
Preferably, the homogenizing pressure in the step (6) is 80-100 Mpa; the lipid liposome is filled with nitrogen and sealed in an anaerobic way, and is preserved at the temperature of 0-4 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention discloses the grease liposome and the preparation method thereof, and has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, the fat globule membrane phospholipid is adopted to wrap the fat to form the fat liposome, so that the fat is effectively wrapped in a sealed environment, and the fat is protected from adverse conditions, thereby being beneficial to improving the various properties of the fat;
(2) The preparation method disclosed by the invention can promote emulsification by utilizing ultrasonic treatment, so that the solution is more uniform and stable; and the effect of PBS hydration liposome is promoted by ultrasonic treatment, so that the encapsulation efficiency is improved, and the grease liposome solution is more uniform and stable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the pH change with time at different temperatures of the lipid liposome prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change of conductivity with time at different temperatures of the lipid liposome prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the grease liposome, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing grease, fat globule membrane phospholipid, organic solvent, surfactant and PBS buffer solution according to the requirement for standby; the surfactant comprises Tween-80, the pH value of the PBS buffer solution is=7.0-7.4, and the concentration of the PBS buffer solution is 0.005-0.01mol/L; the organic solvent comprises anhydrous diethyl ether or chloroform; the mass ratio of the grease to the fat globule membrane phospholipid is 2:8, 8; the weight volume ratio of the grease, the fat globule membrane phospholipid, the anhydrous diethyl ether, the surfactant and the PBS buffer solution is (100-200) mg: (800-900) mg (16.7-25) mL (200-240) mg:20mL;
(2) Uniformly mixing grease and fat globule membrane phospholipids to obtain a mixture A, adding an organic solvent into the mixture A, oscillating for dissolution, and ultrasonically mixing to obtain a mixed solution; the power of the ultrasonic wave is 70-90W, the ultrasonic temperature is 25 ℃, and the ultrasonic time is 30 s-1 min
(3) Removing the organic solvent in the mixed solution to obtain a mixture B; the method specifically comprises the following steps: rotary evaporating at 40-50 deg.c to form yellowish liposome film on the wall of the rotary evaporating container, and drying at 60-80 deg.c for 4-5 hr.
(4) Dissolving a surfactant in PBS buffer solution, adding the mixture B, and performing rotary hydration reaction to obtain liposome solution; the temperature of the rotary hydration reaction is controlled between 40 ℃ and 50 ℃ and 1.0x10 DEG C 5 Under the pressure condition Pa, the reaction time is 40-60 min, wherein the rotary hydration refers to the rotation of the water bath in the rotary evaporator.
(5) Carrying out water bath ultrasonic treatment on the liposome solution to obtain premixed crude emulsion; the ultrasonic power is 60-100W, and the time is 10-30 min; the water bath temperature is 25-30 ℃;
(6) Homogenizing the premixed crude emulsion to obtain an oil liposome; homogenizing pressure is 80-100 Mpa; the lipid liposome is filled with nitrogen and sealed in an oxygen-insulating way, and is preserved at the temperature of 0-4 ℃.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the grease, the fat globule membrane phospholipid, the anhydrous diethyl ether, the surfactant and the PBS buffer solution in the step (1) are in a mass-volume ratio of 200mg:800mg (16.7-25) mL 240mg:20mL
For further optimization of the technical scheme, the organic solvent comprises anhydrous diethyl ether.
Example 1
Preparation of grease liposome by film ultrasonic dispersion method
Weighing 900mg of fat globule membrane phospholipid and 100mg of grease by wall materials, mixing, adding 20mL of anhydrous diethyl ether to fully oscillate and dissolve the mixture, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1min to uniformly mix the solution; removing the organic solvent of the mixed solution by rotary evaporation at 45 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator until a yellowish liposome film is formed on the wall, and then drying the film in a drying oven for 4 hours to completely remove the organic solvent; adding 20mL of the PBS buffer solution with pH=7.4 and 0.005mol/L containing 240mg of Tween 80, and performing normal-pressure rotary hydration at 45 ℃ for 45min to wash the membrane to form a milky uniform liposome solution;
and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the mixed spinning solution of the lipidosome in a water bath with the power of 80W for 20min to enable the film to swell and hydrate, and finally homogenizing the premixed crude emulsion by a high-pressure micro-jet homogenizer with the pressure of 100Mpa to obtain the lipidosome, wherein the prepared lipidosome is a uniform milky solution.
Example 2 preparation of lipid liposomes by thin film ultrasonic dispersion
Weighing 800mg of fat globule membrane phospholipid and 200mg of grease, mixing, adding 20mL of anhydrous diethyl ether to fully oscillate and dissolve the mixture, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1min to uniformly mix the solution; removing the organic solvent of the mixed solution by rotary evaporation at 45 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator until a yellowish liposome film is formed on the wall, and then drying the film in a drying oven for 4 hours to completely remove the organic solvent; adding 20mL of the PBS buffer solution with pH=7.0 and 0.005mol/L containing 240mg of Tween 80, and performing normal-pressure rotary hydration at 45 ℃ for 45min to wash the membrane to form a milky uniform liposome solution;
and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the mixed spinning solution of the lipidosome in a water bath with the power of 70W for 30min to enable the film to swell and hydrate, and finally homogenizing the premixed crude emulsion by a high-pressure micro-jet homogenizer with the pressure of 100Mpa to obtain the lipidosome.
The prepared lipid liposome is a uniform milky solution, and the encapsulation rate is 87.95%; the particle size and potential of the liposome were measured at 25℃using a laser scattering particle size analyzer and Zeta potentiometer, the average particle size was 277.2nm, and the potential was-20.1 mV.
Example 3
Weighing 800mg of fat globule membrane phospholipid and 200mg of grease, mixing, adding 20mL of anhydrous diethyl ether to fully oscillate and dissolve the mixture, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1min to uniformly mix the solution; removing the organic solvent of the mixed solution by rotary evaporation at 45 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator until a yellowish liposome film is formed on the wall, and then drying the film in a drying oven for 4 hours to completely remove the organic solvent; adding 20mL of the PBS buffer solution with pH=7.4 and 0.005mol/L containing 240mg of Tween 80, and performing normal-pressure rotary hydration at 45 ℃ for 45min to wash the membrane to form a milky uniform liposome solution;
and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the mixed spinning solution of the lipidosome in a water bath with the power of 80W for 20min to enable the film to swell and hydrate, and finally homogenizing the premixed crude emulsion by a high-pressure micro-jet homogenizer with the pressure of 80Mpa to obtain the lipidosome.
The prepared lipid liposome is a uniform milky solution, and the encapsulation rate is 87.65%; the average particle diameter was 299.7nm and the potential was-14.5 mV.
Example 4
Weighing 800mg of fat globule membrane phospholipid and 200mg of grease, mixing, adding 20mL of anhydrous diethyl ether to fully oscillate and dissolve the mixture, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1min to uniformly mix the solution; removing the organic solvent of the mixed solution by rotary evaporation at 45 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator until a yellowish liposome film is formed on the wall, and then drying the film in a drying oven for 4 hours to completely remove the organic solvent; adding 20mL of the PBS buffer solution with pH=7.0 and 0.005mol/L containing 240mg of Tween 80, and performing normal-pressure rotary hydration at 45 ℃ for 45min to wash the membrane to form a milky uniform liposome solution;
and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the mixed spinning solution of the lipidosome in a water bath with the power of 80W for 20min to enable the film to swell and hydrate, and finally homogenizing the premixed crude emulsion by a high-pressure micro-jet homogenizer with the pressure of 100Mpa to obtain the lipidosome.
The prepared lipid liposome is a uniform milky solution, and the encapsulation rate is 85.64%; the average particle diameter was 275.6nm and the potential was-17.1 mV.
Example 5
Weighing 800mg of fat globule membrane phospholipid and 200mg of grease, mixing, adding 20mL of anhydrous diethyl ether to fully oscillate and dissolve the mixture, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1min to uniformly mix the solution; removing the organic solvent of the mixed solution by rotary evaporation at 45 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator until a yellowish liposome film is formed on the wall, and then drying the film in a drying oven for 4 hours to completely remove the organic solvent; adding 20mL of the PBS buffer solution with pH=7.4 and 0.01mol/L containing 240mg of Tween 80, and carrying out normal-pressure rotary hydration at 45 ℃ for 45min to wash the membrane to form a milky uniform liposome solution;
and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the mixed spinning solution of the lipidosome in a water bath with the power of 80W for 20min to enable the film to swell and hydrate, and finally homogenizing the premixed crude emulsion by a high-pressure micro-jet homogenizer with the pressure of 100Mpa to obtain the lipidosome.
The prepared lipid liposome is a uniform milky solution, and the encapsulation rate is 84.89%; the average particle diameter was 278.5nm and the potential was-16.5 mV.
Example 6
Weighing 800mg of fat globule membrane phospholipid and 200mg of grease, mixing, adding 20mL of anhydrous diethyl ether to fully oscillate and dissolve the mixture, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1min to uniformly mix the solution; removing the organic solvent of the mixed solution by rotary evaporation at 45 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator until a yellowish liposome film is formed on the wall, and then drying the film in a drying oven for 4 hours to completely remove the organic solvent; adding 20mL of PBS buffer solution with pH=7.4 and 0.005mol/L containing 200mg Tween 80, and performing normal-pressure rotary hydration at 45 ℃ for 45min to wash the membrane to form milky uniform liposome solution;
and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the mixed spinning solution of the lipidosome in a water bath with the power of 80W for 20min to enable the film to swell and hydrate, and finally homogenizing the premixed crude emulsion by a high-pressure micro-jet homogenizer with the pressure of 100Mpa to obtain the lipidosome.
The prepared lipid liposome is a uniform milky solution, and the encapsulation rate is 84.66%; the average particle diameter was 283.5nm and the potential was-17.7 mV.
Performance test of the lipid liposomes prepared in examples 1 to 6
(1) Measurement of lipid liposome encapsulation Rate
Respectively taking 1mL of the lipid liposome and 1mL of the blank liposome into a 25mL measuring flask, and adding 5mL of ethanol for demulsification; taking blank liposome as blank liquid, and measuring an absorbance value A at 210 nm;
and respectively weighing 5mL of newly prepared lipid liposome and blank liposome, putting into a dialysis bag, bundling, and putting into a beaker to reflux with a phosphoric acid buffer solution. After 16h, 1mL of dialysate is taken, 5mL of ethanol is added for demulsification, blank liposome dialysate is taken as blank liquid, and the wavelength A is measured at 210nm 0
Encapsulation efficiency = a 0 /A×100%
(2) The particle diameters and potentials of the lipid liposomes prepared in examples 1 to 3 were measured at 25℃using a laser scattering particle size analyzer and a Zeta potentiometer, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1
Encapsulation efficiency Average particle diameter Potential of
Example 1 86.54% 256.6nm -16.6mV
Example 2 87.95% 277.2nm -20.1mV
Example 3 87.65% 299.7nm -14.5mV
Example 4 85.64% 275.6nm -17.1mV
Example 5 84.89% 278.5nm -16.5mV
Example 5 84.66% 283.5nm -17.7mV
(2) Investigation of lipid liposome stability
The pH and conductivity were measured at 25℃using a pH meter and a conductivity meter (DDS-307A).
From the results of FIGS. 1 to 2, it is understood that the pH of the liposome tends to decrease with time at temperature, probably due to the generation of H by the hydrolysis of the phospholipid + Ions, thereby lowering the pH of the solution. Meanwhile, we can see that the conductivity of the liposome is in an ascending trend with the passage of time, which indicates that the stability of the liposome is reduced with the passage of time, and the phospholipid is hydrolyzed to generate a large amount of charged ions. And the higher the temperature, the faster the conductivity rise rate. In conclusion, the liposome has better stability in storage at 4 ℃.
Comparative examples 1 to 4
The ultrasonic power of the mixed solution of the lipid liposome in example 1 was replaced with 60W, 70W, 90W and 100W respectively, and the ultrasonic time was 20min, to obtain comparative examples 1 to 4.
The encapsulation efficiency of the lipid liposomes prepared in comparative examples 1 to 5 was measured and compared with that of example 1, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2 influence of ultrasound Power on liposome encapsulation efficiency
Ultrasonic power (W) Ultrasonic time Encapsulation efficiency (%)
Comparative example 1 60 20min 61.13
Comparative example 2 70 20min 82.72
Comparative example 3 90 20min 84.90
Comparative example 4 100 20min 73.75
Example 1 80 20min 86.54%
It can be seen from table 1 that with increasing ultrasonic power, the encapsulation efficiency increases, but the power decreases after more than 80W, probably because an appropriate increase in power contributes to liposome formation, but too much power can lead to rupture of the bilayer membrane structure of part of the liposome, causing the contained grease to bleed out, resulting in a decrease in encapsulation efficiency.
Comparative examples 5 to 8
The ultrasonic time of the mixed spin solution of the lipid liposome in example 1 is replaced by 10min, 30min, 40min and 50min respectively, and the corresponding proportion is 5-9.
According to the fat globule membrane phospholipid to oil ratio of 8:2, liposomes were prepared at 80W power and the encapsulation efficiency was varied as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Effect of ultrasound time on liposome encapsulation efficiency
Ultrasonic time (min) Encapsulation efficiency (%)
Comparative example 5 10 64.82
Example 1 20 86.54
Comparative example 6 30 84.22
Comparative example 7 40 82.45
Comparative example 8 50 74.12
From table 2, it can be seen that the encapsulation efficiency shows a tendency to increase and decrease with the increase of the ultrasonic time, and the ultrasonic treatment is aimed at making the particle size of the liposome prepared by the thin film dispersion method uniform and dispersing the formed multilamellar liposome into unilamellar liposome. However, the long-time ultrasonic action can cause the complete destruction of part of the liposome.
Comparative examples 9 to 11
The fat globule membrane phospholipid to fat ratio of example 1 was replaced with 7: 3. 6: 4. 5:5, the influence of the proportion of the fat globule membrane phospholipid and the fat on the liposome encapsulation efficiency is explored, and the proportion is respectively 9-12.
TABLE 3 Effect of fat globule membrane phospholipid to lipid ratio on liposome encapsulation efficiency
From table 3 we can see that the fat globule membrane phospholipid to fat ratio is 9:1 and 8:2, the liposome encapsulation efficiency is higher and is more than 80 percent. At the moment, the fat globule membrane phospholipid can embed grease to the greatest extent.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (9)

1. The lipid liposome is characterized by comprising lipid and fat globule membrane phospholipids coated on the surface of the lipid;
the mass ratio of the grease to the fat globule membrane phospholipid is (1-2): (8-9);
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing grease, fat globule membrane phospholipid, organic solvent, surfactant and PBS buffer solution according to the requirement for standby;
the surfactant comprises tween-80, wherein the pH value of the PBS buffer solution is=7.0-7.4, and the concentration of the PBS buffer solution is 0.005-0.01mol/L; the organic solvent comprises anhydrous diethyl ether or chloroform;
(2) Uniformly mixing grease and fat globule membrane phospholipids to obtain a mixture A, adding an organic solvent into the mixture A, oscillating for dissolution, and ultrasonically mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) Removing the organic solvent in the mixed solution to obtain a mixture B;
(4) Dissolving a surfactant in PBS buffer solution, adding the mixture B, and performing rotary hydration reaction to obtain liposome solution;
(5) Carrying out water bath ultrasonic treatment on the liposome solution to obtain premixed crude emulsion;
(6) Homogenizing the premixed crude emulsion to obtain the lipid liposome.
2. A method for preparing the lipidosome according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing grease, fat globule membrane phospholipid, organic solvent, surfactant and PBS buffer solution according to the requirement for standby;
(2) Uniformly mixing grease and fat globule membrane phospholipids to obtain a mixture A, adding an organic solvent into the mixture A, oscillating for dissolution, and ultrasonically mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) Removing the organic solvent in the mixed solution to obtain a mixture B;
(4) Dissolving a surfactant in PBS buffer solution, adding the mixture B, and performing rotary hydration reaction to obtain liposome solution;
(5) Carrying out water bath ultrasonic treatment on the liposome solution to obtain premixed crude emulsion;
(6) Homogenizing the premixed crude emulsion to obtain the lipid liposome.
3. The method for preparing the lipidosome according to claim 2, wherein the surfactant comprises tween-80, the pH of the PBS buffer solution is=7.0-7.4, and the concentration of the PBS buffer solution is 0.005-0.01mol/L; the organic solvent comprises anhydrous diethyl ether or chloroform.
4. The method for preparing the lipidosome according to claim 2, wherein in the step (1), the lipid, the fat globule membrane phospholipid, the anhydrous diethyl ether, the surfactant and the PBS buffer solution are mixed according to the mass volume ratio of (100-200) mg: (800-900) mg (16.7-25) mL (200-240) mg:20mL.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the power of the ultrasound in the step (2) is 70-90W, the temperature of the ultrasound is 25 ℃, and the time of the ultrasound is 30 s-1 min.
6. The method for preparing lipidosome according to claim 2, wherein in the step (3), rotary evaporation is carried out at 40-50 ℃ until a pale yellow lipidosome film is formed on the wall of a rotary evaporation container, and then drying is carried out at 60-80 ℃ for 4-5 h.
7. The method for producing a lipid liposome according to claim 2, wherein the spin hydration reaction temperature in step (4) is controlled to be 40 to 50℃and 1.0X10% 5 Under the pressure condition of Pa, the reaction time is 40-60 min.
8. The method for preparing lipidosome according to claim 2, wherein the ultrasonic power in the step (5) is 60-100W for 10-30 min; the water bath temperature is 25-30 ℃.
9. The method for producing a lipid liposome according to claim 2, wherein the homogenizing pressure in the step (6) is 80 to 100Mpa; the lipid liposome is filled with nitrogen and sealed in an anaerobic way, and is preserved at the temperature of 0-4 ℃.
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