CN110784744A - Low-delay image acquisition method - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
- H04N21/26208—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints
- H04N21/26241—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints involving the time of distribution, e.g. the best time of the day for inserting an advertisement or airing a children program
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/40—Support for services or applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
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- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/258—Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics, processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
- H04N21/25866—Management of end-user data
- H04N21/25875—Management of end-user data involving end-user authentication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/81—Monomedia components thereof
- H04N21/812—Monomedia components thereof involving advertisement data
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of image transmission, and particularly discloses a low-delay image acquisition method, which comprises the following steps of S1, acquiring image information of an LED screen and transmitting the image information to a shared server based on an RUDP protocol, wherein the image information comprises video stream data; s2, the sharing server transmits the video stream data to the streaming media server based on the RTMP protocol; s3, the streaming media server encodes the video stream data into H.264 format video stream; and S4, the streaming media server performs identity authentication on the accessed user side, when the identity authentication is passed, whether the user side is currently in the pushing time is judged according to a preset time table, and if the user side is in the pushing time, the streaming media server pushes the H.264 format video stream to the user side. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the delay in the whole image transmission process can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of image transmission, in particular to a low-delay image acquisition method.
Background
With the wave of informatization and digitization, the outdoor advertising industry in China has a large scale, at present, outdoor advertisements are played in a dynamic LED screen mode, and the outdoor dynamic LED screen becomes one of the main modes of mass media and is an important channel for people to learn information. In a city with a large scale at home, many places with large people flow, such as commercial buildings, bus stations, residential communities and the like, outdoor dynamic LED screens playing advertisements are visible everywhere.
However, compared with television advertisement or network advertisement, it is difficult for advertisers to effectively monitor outdoor advertisement LED screens and to know the real-time playing conditions of outdoor advertisement LED screens. Therefore, the content played by the LED screen needs to be collected, and then the collected content is sent to the advertiser in real time, so that the advertiser can monitor the playing condition of the advertisement at any time and any place.
Currently, the real-time advertisement pushing generally adopts an HLS protocol, but due to the inherent defects of the HLS, the content monitored by the HLS protocol is live broadcast to an advertiser with higher delay, which is usually about 10-30 s. Higher latency may degrade the user experience. Moreover, the network environment for the advertiser to watch the push video is not determined, and when the advertiser is in a complex network environment, the delay may be further increased, which may greatly affect the user experience.
For this reason, a method for maintaining low-delay image transmission in a poor network environment is required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-delay image acquisition method to reduce delay in the whole image transmission process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the low-delay image acquisition method comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting image information of the LED screen and transmitting the image information to a sharing server based on an RUDP protocol, wherein the image information comprises video stream data;
s2, the sharing server transmits the video stream data to the streaming media server based on the RTMP protocol;
s3, the streaming media server encodes the video stream data into H.264 format video stream;
and S4, the streaming media server performs identity authentication on the accessed user side, when the identity authentication is passed, whether the user side is currently in the pushing time is judged according to a preset time table, and if the user side is in the pushing time, the streaming media server pushes the H.264 format video stream to the user side.
The basic scheme principle and the beneficial effects are as follows:
in the scheme, the streaming media server only pushes the H.264 format video stream to the client within the pushing time, so that the transmission load of the streaming media server can be effectively reduced, the single client is prevented from occupying the bandwidth for a long time, and particularly, the congestion can be effectively relieved and the delay is reduced when the network resources are in shortage. The sharing server transmits the video stream data to the streaming media server based on the RTMP protocol, and compared with the HLS protocol, the RTMP protocol is adopted to have lower delay. The RUDP protocol has high reliability, stable transmission can be realized in the environment with poor network, the acquisition module transmits the video stream data to the shared server based on the RUDP protocol, and compared with the method of simply adopting HLS protocol transmission, the acquisition module can ensure the transmission of the video stream data in the poor network environment.
Further, in S4, if the current time is not within the push time, the streaming media server pushes the preset information to the user end.
Because an LED screen typically plays advertisements in a recurring fashion according to a preset schedule (i.e., a predetermined sequence of advertisement play schedules), a single advertisement for each advertiser typically lasts only a few seconds to a dozen seconds. A certain advertiser monitors the LED screen, and whether the advertisement of the advertiser is played normally in the push time of the advertiser in the monitoring schedule is only needed. When the advertisement is not in the pushing time of the advertiser, the content played by the LED screen is the advertisement of other advertisers and is irrelevant to the advertiser, so that the H.264 format video stream does not need to be pushed to a user end of the advertiser, and the aim of saving server resources can be achieved.
Further, in S4, the preset information includes a static image.
The user experience of viewing a displayed still image is better than with a direct black screen, and the still image occupies less bandwidth in transmission than with a video. Moreover, with the static image, rich information can be displayed, such as displaying the advertisement of the merchant to which the LED screen belongs, for example, a preferential event for purchasing the LED screen advertisement, and the like.
Further, in S4, the streaming media server is further configured to determine a network connection condition with the user end, and when it is determined that the network is congested, the streaming media server adjusts parameters of the h.264 format video stream during encoding.
By adjusting the parameters of the H.264 format video stream when the network is congested, the H.264 format video stream can make targeted changes according to the network environment, the influence caused by network congestion is reduced, and smooth pushing from the streaming media server to the user side and low delay are ensured.
Further, in S4, the streaming media server includes an encoding unit, a buffering unit, a determining unit, and a pushing unit; the encoding unit encodes the video stream data into H.264 format video stream according to the set parameters, and each frame of H.264 format video frame encoded by the encoding unit is cached in the cache unit;
the pushing unit acquires the coded H.264 format video frame from the cache unit and pushes the coded H.264 format video frame to a user side; deleting the H.264 format video frame from the buffer unit after the pushing unit finishes pushing one frame of H.264 format video frame;
the judging unit acquires the number of the H.264 format video frames in the cache unit every preset time, and judges the network connection condition with the user side based on the number of the H.264 format video frames; when the number is larger than the first threshold value, the judging unit judges that the network is congested, and the judging unit reduces the current parameters; when the number is smaller than the second threshold value, the judging unit judges that the network is smooth, and the judging unit increases the current parameters; when the number is greater than or equal to the second threshold and less than or equal to the first threshold, the determining unit determines that the network is normal, and the determining unit maintains the current parameter.
When the network from the streaming media server to the user terminal is congested, the speed of the pushing unit acquiring the encoded h.264 format video frame from the buffer unit and pushing the encoded h.264 format video frame to the user terminal is slowed, and the speed of the encoding unit encoding the h.264 format video frame is inconvenient, so the h.264 format video frame is gradually accumulated in the buffer unit. The judging unit can effectively judge whether the network is congested or not through the number of H.264 format video frames in the cache unit, dynamically adjusts current parameters according to the network condition, can guarantee the smoothness of pushing, and reduces delay.
Further, in S4, when the streaming media server performs authentication on the accessed user side, the streaming media server obtains the user ID and the user password from the user side; and the streaming media server verifies the validity of the user ID and the user password, and when the user ID and the user password are both valid, the authentication is passed.
Through the link of authentication, illegal login can be avoided, so that the number of login users can be effectively controlled, and the pressure of the streaming media server is reduced.
Further, in S4, when the user ID and the user password are both valid, the streaming media server further determines whether a user side that passes the authentication with the same user ID exists, and if so, cancels the authentication of the user side.
The streaming media server can avoid the situation that a plurality of user sides log in by using the same user ID by judging whether the user sides which pass the authentication of the same user ID exist at present or not, and can effectively reduce the pressure of the streaming media server.
Further, in S4, the schedule includes a user ID and an advertisement playing time corresponding to the user ID.
And the corresponding advertisement playing time can be matched quickly through the user ID.
Further, in S4, the parameters include resolution and frame rate.
By adjusting the resolution and the frame rate, the bandwidth occupied by the H.264 format video frame can be effectively adjusted, and the smoothness and low delay of pushing are ensured.
Further, in S4, the first threshold is 30-60; the second threshold is 2-5.
The judging unit can acquire the network state information in time by acquiring the number of the H.264 format video frames in the cache unit at preset time intervals.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a first embodiment of a low-latency image acquisition method.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
example one
As shown in fig. 1, the low-latency image acquisition method includes the following steps:
s1, collecting image information of the LED screen and transmitting the image information to a sharing server based on an RUDP protocol, wherein the image information comprises video stream data;
s2, the sharing server transmits the video stream data to the streaming media server based on the RTMP protocol;
s3, the streaming media server encodes the video stream data into H.264 format video stream;
s401, the streaming media server comprises a coding unit, a cache unit, a judging unit, a pushing unit and a verifying unit;
the authentication unit performs authentication on the accessed user side, wherein during authentication, a user ID and a user password are acquired from the user side; the verification unit verifies the validity of the user ID and the user password, and when the user ID and the user password are both valid, the identity verification is passed; when the user ID and the user password are both valid, the verification unit also judges whether a user side which passes the verification by the same user ID exists at present, and if so, the identity verification of the user side is cancelled.
S402, when the identity verification is passed, the verification unit judges whether the user side is currently in the pushing time according to a preset time schedule, if so, the step jumps to S403, if not, the streaming media server pushes preset information to the user side, wherein the preset information comprises a static image, and the time schedule comprises a user ID and advertisement playing time corresponding to the user ID. In this embodiment, the static image is a static advertisement image.
S403, the encoding unit encodes the video stream data into H.264 format video stream according to the set parameters, and each frame of H.264 format video frame after encoding by the encoding unit is cached in the cache unit;
the pushing unit acquires the coded H.264 format video frame from the cache unit and pushes the coded H.264 format video frame to a user side; deleting the H.264 format video frame from the buffer unit after the pushing unit finishes pushing one frame of H.264 format video frame;
s404, the judging unit acquires the number of the H.264 format video frames in the cache unit at intervals of preset time, and judges the network connection condition with the user side based on the number of the H.264 format video frames; when the number is larger than the first threshold value, the judging unit judges that the network is congested, and the judging unit reduces the current parameters; when the number is smaller than the second threshold value, the judging unit judges that the network is smooth, and the judging unit increases the current parameters; when the number is greater than or equal to the second threshold and less than or equal to the first threshold, the determining unit determines that the network is normal, and the determining unit maintains the current parameter. The parameters include resolution and frame rate. The first threshold value is 30-60; the second threshold is 2-5. In this embodiment, the first threshold is specifically 30; the second threshold is specifically 2; the preset time is specifically 2 seconds.
Based on the low-latency image acquisition method, the embodiment further provides a low-latency image acquisition system, which comprises an acquisition module, a sharing server, a streaming media server and a user side.
The acquisition module is used for acquiring image information of the LED screen and transmitting the image information to the sharing server based on the RUDP protocol, wherein the image information comprises video stream data; in this embodiment, the acquisition module adopts a video camera. The sharing server is used for transmitting the image information to the streaming media server based on the RTMP protocol; in this embodiment, the shared server and the streaming media server both use an arri cloud server.
The streaming media server comprises a coding unit, a caching unit, a judging unit, a pushing unit and a verifying unit;
the encoding unit is used for encoding video stream data into H.264 format video streams according to the set parameters, and each frame of H.264 format video frames after being encoded by the encoding unit is cached in the cache unit; the pushing unit is used for acquiring the coded H.264 format video frame from the cache unit and pushing the coded H.264 format video frame to the user side; deleting the H.264 format video frame from the buffer unit after the pushing unit finishes pushing one frame of H.264 format video frame;
the judging unit is used for acquiring the number of the H.264 format video frames in the cache unit every preset time, and judging the network connection condition with the user side based on the number of the H.264 format video frames; when the number is larger than the first threshold value, the judging unit judges that the network is congested, and the judging unit reduces the current parameters; when the number is smaller than the second threshold value, the judging unit judges that the network is smooth, and the judging unit increases the current parameters; when the number is greater than or equal to the second threshold and less than or equal to the first threshold, the determining unit determines that the network is normal, and the determining unit maintains the current parameter. The parameters include resolution and frame rate. The first threshold value is 30-60; the second threshold is 2-5. The preset time is 1-5 seconds. In this embodiment, the first threshold is specifically 30; the second threshold is specifically 2; the preset time is specifically 2 seconds.
The user side is used for accessing the streaming media server, and when the user side accesses the streaming media server, the user ID and the user password are sent to the streaming media server; and the authentication unit of the streaming media server is used for authenticating the validity of the user ID and the user password, and when the user ID and the user password are both valid, the authentication is passed. When the user ID and the user password are both valid, the verification unit also judges whether a user side which passes the verification by the same user ID exists at present, and if so, the identity verification of the user side is cancelled. When the identity authentication is passed, the authentication unit judges whether the user side is currently in the push time according to a preset time table, and if the user side is in the push time, the push unit pushes the H.264 format video stream to the user side which passes the authentication. If not, the streaming media server pushes the preset information to the user terminal. The preset information comprises a static image, and the schedule comprises a user ID and advertisement playing time corresponding to the user ID. In this embodiment, the static image is a static advertisement image. The user side is a mobile phone, a tablet computer or a PC.
Example two
The low-latency image acquisition method is different from the first embodiment in that, in step S1, after the image information of the LED screen is acquired, the first processing unit is configured to acquire video stream data and perform preliminary processing on the video stream data; the video stream data comprises a complete video frame.
During preliminary processing, the first processing unit is used for identifying the display screen and the background in each complete video frame of the streaming media information, cutting the picture only containing the display screen to be used as the video frame of the display screen, and cutting the picture only containing the background to be used as the video frame of the background. In this embodiment, the display screen refers to an outdoor advertising LED screen; the background refers to pictures other than the outdoor advertising LED screen in the picture, and is generally pictures of the surrounding environment.
When the first processing unit sends the streaming media information after the preliminary processing to the communication unit, the first processing unit is used for sending the display screen video frame and the background video frame once after sending the preset number of display screen video frames. In other words, after a plurality of independent display screen video frames are continuously transmitted, the next transmission simultaneously comprises the display screen video frames and the background video frames; and the process is circulated.
In step S403, the second processing unit is configured to integrate the received display screen video frame and the background video frame into a combined video frame, and send the combined video frame to the encoding unit.
And when the second processing unit is integrated into the combined video frame, the currently received display screen video frame and the background video frame are integrated into the combined video frame. In other words, when the second processing unit receives the display screen video frame and the background video frame which are simultaneously transmitted, the display screen video frame and the background video frame at the moment are integrated into a combined video frame, a plurality of independent display screen video frames are received subsequently, and the background video frame and the independent display screen video frames are integrated into the combined video frame one by one at the moment; and integrating the new display screen video frame and the background video frame into a combined video frame until receiving the new display screen video frame and the background video frame which are simultaneously transmitted, and circulating the steps.
Based on the low-delay image acquisition method, the embodiment provides a low-delay image acquisition system, and the difference from the first embodiment is that the acquisition module comprises an acquisition unit, a first processing unit and a communication unit; the acquisition unit is in signal connection with the first processing unit, and the first processing unit is in signal connection with the communication unit.
In this embodiment, the acquisition unit employs a video camera; the first processing unit is used for acquiring video stream data from the acquisition unit and carrying out primary processing on the video stream data; the video stream data comprises a complete video frame. The first processing unit sends the streaming media information after the preliminary processing to the communication unit, and the communication unit is used for transmitting the streaming media information to the streaming media server based on the RTMP protocol.
During preliminary processing, the first processing unit is used for identifying the display screen and the background in each complete video frame of the streaming media information, cutting the picture only containing the display screen to be used as the video frame of the display screen, and cutting the picture only containing the background to be used as the video frame of the background. In this embodiment, the display screen refers to an outdoor advertising LED screen; the background refers to pictures other than the outdoor advertising LED screen in the picture, and is generally pictures of the surrounding environment.
When the first processing unit sends the streaming media information after the preliminary processing to the communication unit, the first processing unit is used for sending the display screen video frame and the background video frame once after sending the preset number of display screen video frames. In other words, after a plurality of independent display screen video frames are continuously transmitted, the next transmission simultaneously comprises the display screen video frames and the background video frames; and the process is circulated.
The streaming media server also comprises a second processing unit, wherein the second processing unit is used for integrating the received display screen video frame and the background video frame into a combined video frame and sending the combined video frame to the encoding unit.
And when the second processing unit is integrated into the combined video frame, the currently received display screen video frame and the background video frame are integrated into the combined video frame. In other words, when the second processing unit receives the display screen video frame and the background video frame which are simultaneously transmitted, the display screen video frame and the background video frame at the moment are integrated into a combined video frame, a plurality of independent display screen video frames are received subsequently, and the background video frame and the independent display screen video frames are integrated into the combined video frame one by one at the moment; and integrating the new display screen video frame and the background video frame into a combined video frame until receiving the new display screen video frame and the background video frame which are simultaneously transmitted, and circulating the steps.
Because the outdoor advertising LED screen is fixed, the picture of the surrounding environment is usually unchanged during shooting, so that a background video frame is not required to be transmitted for each frame of image; the background video frame and the display screen video frame are combined in a post-synthesis mode through the second processing unit, and the requirement that a user views whether the outdoor advertisement LED screen at the designated position plays the advertisement can be met. In the scheme, the complete video frame does not need to be transmitted every time, the data transmission quantity is reduced, the requirement on the network is lower, and the stability of transmission can be ensured under the condition of network fluctuation or small network bandwidth.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The low-delay image acquisition method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, collecting image information of the LED screen and transmitting the image information to a sharing server based on an RUDP protocol, wherein the image information comprises video stream data;
s2, the sharing server transmits the video stream data to the streaming media server based on the RTMP protocol;
s3, the streaming media server encodes the video stream data into H.264 format video stream;
and S4, the streaming media server performs identity authentication on the accessed user side, when the identity authentication is passed, whether the user side is currently in the pushing time is judged according to a preset time table, and if the user side is in the pushing time, the streaming media server pushes the H.264 format video stream to the user side.
2. The low-latency image acquisition method according to claim 1, wherein: in S4, if the current media server is not in the push time, the streaming media server pushes the preset information to the user end.
3. The low-latency image acquisition method according to claim 2, wherein: in S4, the preset information includes a static image.
4. The low-latency image acquisition method according to claim 1, wherein: in S4, the streaming media server is further configured to determine a network connection condition with the user end, and when it is determined that the network is congested, the streaming media server adjusts parameters of the h.264 format video stream during encoding.
5. The low-latency image acquisition method according to claim 4, wherein: in S4, the streaming media server includes an encoding unit, a caching unit, a determining unit, and a pushing unit; the encoding unit encodes the video stream data into H.264 format video stream according to the set parameters, and each frame of H.264 format video frame encoded by the encoding unit is cached in the cache unit;
the pushing unit acquires the coded H.264 format video frame from the cache unit and pushes the coded H.264 format video frame to a user side; deleting the H.264 format video frame from the buffer unit after the pushing unit finishes pushing one frame of H.264 format video frame;
the judging unit acquires the number of the H.264 format video frames in the cache unit every preset time, and judges the network connection condition with the user side based on the number of the H.264 format video frames; when the number is larger than the first threshold value, the judging unit judges that the network is congested, and the judging unit reduces the current parameters; when the number is smaller than the second threshold value, the judging unit judges that the network is smooth, and the judging unit increases the current parameters; when the number is greater than or equal to the second threshold and less than or equal to the first threshold, the determining unit determines that the network is normal, and the determining unit maintains the current parameter.
6. The low-latency image acquisition method according to claim 5, wherein: in S4, when the streaming media server performs authentication on the accessed user side, the streaming media server obtains a user ID and a user password from the user side; and the streaming media server verifies the validity of the user ID and the user password, and when the user ID and the user password are both valid, the authentication is passed.
7. The low-latency image acquisition method according to claim 6, wherein: in S4, when the user ID and the user password are both valid, the streaming media server further determines whether there is a user side that passes the authentication with the same user ID, and if so, cancels the authentication of the user side.
8. The low-latency image acquisition method according to claim 1, wherein: in S4, the schedule includes a user ID and an advertisement playing time corresponding to the user ID.
9. The low-latency image acquisition method according to claim 5, wherein: in S4, the parameters include resolution and frame rate.
10. The low-latency image acquisition method according to claim 5, wherein: in the step S4, the first threshold value is 30-60; the second threshold is 2-5.
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