CN1107807A - Process for preparing aluminium hydroxide from coal gangue - Google Patents

Process for preparing aluminium hydroxide from coal gangue Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1107807A
CN1107807A CN 94113062 CN94113062A CN1107807A CN 1107807 A CN1107807 A CN 1107807A CN 94113062 CN94113062 CN 94113062 CN 94113062 A CN94113062 A CN 94113062A CN 1107807 A CN1107807 A CN 1107807A
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solution
water
coal gangue
add
aluminium hydroxide
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CN 94113062
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CN1048471C (en
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雷清如
游波
唐思进
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Chongqing University
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Chongqing University
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Abstract

A process for preparing aluminium hydroxide from coal gangue includes such steps as coarse breaking, calcining, fine breaking, acid leaching, diluting with water, vacuum filtering, evaporating for concentrating, dissolving, depositing, heating, adding aluminium powder and carbonate, regulating pH value, vacuum filtering, hot water washing, baking to obtain aluminium hydroxide, and heating and evaporating filtrate to obtain by-product.

Description

Technology for preparing aluminium hydroxide from coal gangue
The invention belongs to the aluminium hydroxide manufacturing process
Prior art document related to the present invention is:
1. " medium-sized Chemicals complete works " last volume BC445 page or leaf " aluminium hydroxide " is that " Chemical Industry Press " publishes.
2. " integrated process production aluminum oxide " is that " Chemical Industry Press " publishes
Industrial Al(OH) 3Producing generally is an intermediate steps of alumina producing, Al 2O 3Producing great majority is to use Bayer process, minority sintering process and combined techniques.
Al(OH) 3The main raw material of producing is a bauxite, also useful aluminium ash or Alcl 3
With bauxite is raw material production aluminium hydroxide
Bayer process is to be NaAlO with dense NaoH solution leaching bauxite 2, the elimination insolubles is again from purified NaAlo 2Crystallization goes out Al(OH in the solution) 3, wash the dry Al(OH of getting then) 3Product.Contain Al 2O 3Lower bauxite sintering process.With bauxite is raw material, Al wherein 2O 3Be difficult for stripping, particularly boehmite need be used the stripping of autoclave ability, and sintering process also needs high temperature service, and investment is big.
With the aluminium ash is raw material production aluminium hydroxide
This law is earlier Al ash and NaoH reaction to be made NaAlo 2Solution.H 2SO 4Make Al with the reaction of Al ash 2(SO 4) 3, then with NaAlo 2Solution and Al 2(So 4) 3Solution neutralize Al(OH) 3Precipitation is washed the dry Al(OH of getting with sedimentation and filtration) 3Product.This law operation is more numerous and diverse, the big cost height of NaOH consumption.
With Alcl 3Be raw material; With Alcl 3After water dissolution with Na 2CO 3React Al(OH) 3, wash the dry Al(OH of getting after filtration) 3Product.
The reaction examination
This method cost is higher.
The objective of the invention is to provides a kind of and prepares Al(OH with coal gangue at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art) 3Technology.This technology is that the depleted coal gangue is a raw material with rich the producing of China, prepares broad-spectrum industrial chemicals Al(OH) 3, with the Al(OH of this explained hereafter) 3Cost is low, constant product quality purity height, and technological operation is simple, and can obtain corresponding byproduct.
Prepare Al(OH with coal gangue) 3Method as follows:
With coal gangue coarse crushing, roasting, in small, broken bits, add acidleach and get thin up, and controlled temperature, add polyacrylamide solution, vacuum filtration, evaporation concentration, vacuum filtration again, water dissolution precipitation, and controlled temperature, add aluminium powder, add carbonate, regulate pH value, vacuum filtration precipitates, dries with hot wash once more.Be the aluminium hydroxide product,, get byproduct the filtrate evaporation concentration.
The coarse crushing coal gangue, making its granularity is 60~80mm, and places 650 ℃ of-750 ℃ of roastings 0.5~1.5 hour, is crushed to the 60-80 order again, is 1:3 preparation acid solution by the ratio of concentrated acid and water, takes by weighing the H that adds 1:3 at 650 °~750 ℃ baked cash ashes 2SO 4Or hydrochloric acid [that is: cash ash and H 2SO 4Or the ratio of Hcl is (1:3)], leaching 1-1.5 hour that in container, refluxes, and be 100-110 ℃ with 50-100 rev/min of temperature that stirs control solution, add hot water (the hot water temperature 80-100 ℃) dilution that 1/2-1 doubly leaches liquid measure.With 50-100 rev/min of stirring and dissolving, add the carbonate neutralization) to Al(OH 3Precipitation adds 0.05% polyacrylamide solution after generating, and add-on is 5% of a solution, so that precipitation flocculation as early as possible, vacuum filtration.With solution evaporation, be concentrated into 1/3 of liquor capacity, suction filtration on the vacuum filtration machine again, filtrate is returned with filtrate next time and is merged evaporation, and precipitation is heated to 80-100 ℃ with water dissolution, adds aluminium powder and makes solution Fe 3+Till yellow is decorporated, add 20%(NH 4) 2CO 3The PH of regulator solution is 6.5~7.5, makes Al(OH) 3Precipitation fully.Vacuum filtration immediately, precipitation with 80-100 ℃ water washing for several times, the washing lotion of back discards, baking is to till wherein the content of moisture content is 23-28% down with being deposited in 105 ℃, filtrate is (NH 4) 2SO 4Solution is with its evaporation concentration, and suction filtration gets (NH 4) 2SO 4Byproduct.
The method steps explanation:
1, to the requirement of feed coal spoil: prepare Al(OH) with coal gangue 3, the coal gangue of requirement is a dirt band, promptly the dirt band of kaolin type contains Al 2O 3Measure higher, with the cash ash of its roasting gained, wherein Al 2O 3Content must be more than 35%.Coal gangue is 60-80mm through coarse crushing earlier, and roasting is 1 hour in 700 ° ± 50 ℃ fluidizing furnace.And then sample is crushed to the 60-80 order, this is the cash ash.Granularity as sample is too little, and when getting with acidleach, the viscosity of solution is big, free settling not, and granularity is too big, and leaching rate is low, and maturing temperature is controlled at 700 ± 50 ℃, and temperature raises, and has partly that Al combines again with Si for the second time, part Al 2O 3Become r-Al 2O 3Be insoluble to acid, the activity of cash ash reduces suddenly, and leaching rate descends.
2, leaching liquid H 2SO 4Concentration to be controlled at 1:3 better, after the leaching Tai-Ace S 150.If this moment slip the Al of the excessive generation of concentration 2(SO 4) 3.18H 2O ties plate, H easily 2SO 4Preparation: get 1 part 98% H 2SO 4Add in 3 parts the water cash ash and H 2SO 4Proportioning be 1:3.Hot water with 80-100 ℃ before filtering dilutes, otherwise Al 2(SO 4) .18H 2O ties plate easily, and the volume that adds water is controlled at 1.2-1 times of liquor capacity.
3, the cash ash after the roasting can leach also available H with Hcl 2SO 4Leaching is if obtain Alcl earlier with the Hcl leaching 3.6H 2O adds PH=11~12 of excess NaOH control solution, to remove impurity F e 3+Deng, this moment Al 3+Be NaAlO 2Be 7 so that Al(OH with the pH value of Hcl regulator solution again) 3↓, filter, with washing of precipitate, dry Al(OH) 3Product is selected the molten sample of Hcl for use, and the acidity of Hcl is lower, and the easy polluted air of volatility is arranged, as with H 2SO 4Leaching obtains Al earlier 2(SO 4) 3.18H 2O. remove Fe 3+The back is with (NH 4) 2CO 3Or NH 4HCO 3For precipitation agent makes Al(OH) 3Precipitation.Use H 2SO 4Leaching H 2SO 4Non-volatile, its acidity is than Hcl height.
4, be that reductive agent is with Fe with the aluminium powder 3+Be reduced to Fe 2+
Remove in the coal gangue and contain Al 2O 3Also contain partly Fe outward, 2O 3With a little FeO, use H 2SO 4Remove Al during leaching 2O 3Outside dissolved, Fe 2O 3Also stripping simultaneously, preparation Al(OH) 3Need Fe 3+Remove, remove Fe 3+Method a lot, the present invention selects for use the Al powder with Fe 3+Be reduced to Fe 2+In solution, add (NH 4) 2CO 3Al(OH is arranged) 3Separate out, and Fe(OH) 2Do not separate out.Make reductive agent with Al, Al is with Fe 3+The reduction back self is converted into Al 3+, and solution also mainly is Al 3+, other impurity of unlikely introduction.
Remove Fe 3+The back adds (NH 4) 2CO 3Or NH 4HCO 3Make Al(OH) 3Precipitation is filtered and with the hot wash precipitation repeatedly immediately, flush away Fe 2+, otherwise be adsorbed on Al(OH) 3On Fe 3+Oxidation by air is that Fe further becomes Fe(OH again) 3, influence Al(OH) 3Purity.
Advantage of the present invention is: coal gangue is a waste residue, with its comprehensive utilization, turns waste into wealth, and particularly therefrom prepares the economic benefit height, and broad-spectrum aluminium hydroxide more has exploitation to be worth.The aboundresources of coal gangue, inexpensive,
Cost is low, with H 2SO 4Leaching, H 2SO 4Acidity non-volatile greatly.This operational path advanced person, rationally, be easy to grasp, good product quality is as with Al(OH) 3Be further purified and get pharmaceutical grade and high-purity Al(OH) 3Product can increase added value like this and increase economic efficiency, with H 2SO 4Leaching (NH 4) 2CO 3For precipitation agent not only obtains finished product Al(OH) 3, also can obtain by-product (NH 4) 2SO 4(NH 4) 2CO 3Or NH 4HCO 3Inexpensive.The product made from this operational path send Chongqing City's product quality supervision and testing institute check, and institute's survey project reaches the set quota, and its assay is as follows:
Sample 1 sample grade: salable product (pilot product)
Test basis: press salt-oxyhydroxide in the chemical goods method of inspection regulation
Sequence number Test item Technical indicator Detected result
1 Outward appearance The white powdery is crystalline Qualified
2 Content is (with Al 20 3Meter) % ≥36 46.7
3 Moisture content % 23-28 23
4 Iron (in Fe) % ≤0.5 0.19
5 Water-soluble salt % ≤2.5 0.35
Check conclusion: this sample is through check, and institute's inspection project reaches salt in the chemical goods method of inspection-oxyhydroxide set quota.
Sample 2:
Sample grade: preproduction
Test basis: with reference to 85 years version Chinese Pharmacopoeias
Sequence number Test item Technical indicator Detected result
1 Aluminium hydroxide content % is (with Al 20 3Meter) ≥48.0 53.27
2 Muriate % ≤0.20 0.15
3 Vitriol % ≤1 <1
4 Heavy metal (in Pb) PPM ≤30 <30
5 Arsenic PPM ≤10 <10
Assay: this sample reaches the yellow set quota of traditional Chinese medicines in 85 years versions through check institute inspection project
Fig. 1 is the former technology drawing of the present invention
Among Fig. 1:
650-750 ℃ of 1-coal gangue 2-coarse crushing (60-80mm) 3-roasting
4-60 orders in small, broken bits (cash ash) 5-Al 2(SO 4) 3Solution
6-acid leaching residue 7-Al(OH) 38-Al(OH) 3Product
9-(NH 4) 2SO 4Solution 10-(NH 4) 2SO 4Solid phase prod
1, take by weighing the ash of the cash after 700 ° ± 50 ℃ following roastings 50 grams, the vitriol oil by 98% is the 3:1 obtain solution with the ratio of water, adds 1:3H 2SO 4150ml refluxes and leached 1-1.5 hour, adds hot water 150ml, filters, and discards residue (can be white carbon black etc. with the further Processing of Preparation of residue as comprehensive utilization), and the filtrate evaporating, concentrating and crystallizing is got Al 2(SO 4) 2.18H 2O.Precipitation is dissolved in adds 0.7-1 gram Al powder in the 200ml water, heating, filter, discard precipitation, will add 20%(NH in the filtrate 4) 2CO 3The PH of control solution 7 makes Al(OH) 3Precipitation is filtered fully immediately, precipitate 80-100 ℃ hot wash 4-5 time, this is deposited in 105 ℃ dries down extremely wherein till water moisture % is 23-28%, further pulverize Al(OH) 3Product.Filtrate evaporative crystallization, suction filtration are got byproduct (NH 4) 2SO 4
2, get 25 kilograms of cash ashes after 700 ± 50 ℃ of following roastings, in the reactor that scribbles sanitas, add i.e. 75 liters of 1:3H of 3 times of cash ash amounts 2SO 4, open cap relief valve and agitator, the temperature of control reaction is 100-110 ℃, react after 1 hour, add the water of 1/2-1/3 slip, stir, open the reactor bottom valve, make filter pulp flow out suction filtration on vacuumfilter, water flushing residue, (solution of back discards) changes filtrate in the evaporating pot over to, evaporative crystallization, suction filtration add the heating of Al powder 30-35 gram with this crystallization water dissolution, the yellow of solution is decorporated, and filters filtrate is added 20%(NH 4) 2CO 3The pH value of regulator solution is 7, at this moment Al(OH) 3Separate out, suction filtration, precipitation washes with water takes off for several times 105 ℃ of oven dry to till wherein the content of moisture is 23-28%, crushing packing is Al(OH) 3Product.
The filtrate of above gained is evaporated in evaporating pot, and crystallization gets byproduct (NH 4) 2SO 4
3, coal gangue (60 order) roasting in 700 ℃ of retort furnaces that takes by weighing 65g obtained cash in 1 hour and goes out, and added 150ml1:3H 2SO 4, the leaching that refluxes added the dilution of 150ml hot water in 1 hour and adds 0.05% polyacrylamide 10-15ml, filtered, and the filtrate condensing crystal is got Al 2(SO 4) 3, 18H 2The O crystal, water is with this dissolution of crystals.The Al powder that adds the 0.7-1 gram makes Fe 3+Be reduced to Fe 2+Add 20%(NH 4) 2CO 3The pH value of regulator solution is 7 to make Al(OH) 3Precipitation fully will precipitate with hot water and to clean, take off be deposited in dry under 80-105 ℃ be 23-28% to the content of moisture till, pulverizing promptly gets Al(OH) 3Product.
The filtrate evaporating, concentrating and crystallizing of above gained is got (NH 4) 2SO 4Byproduct.

Claims (1)

1, a kind ofly prepare aluminium hydroxide technology, it is characterized in that with coal gangue:
(1) coarse crushing coal gangue, making its granularity is 60-80mm;
(2) coal gangue of coarse crushing stone is placed 650 ℃~750 ℃ temperature roasting 0.5~1.5 hour;
(3) colliery powder after the roasting is broken to 60-80 purpose cash ash;
(4) ratio by concentrated acid and water is 1: 3 preparation acid solution;
(5) be 1: 3 by the ratio of acid solution after cash ash and the preparation, the leaching 1~1.5 hour that in container, refluxes, and with 50~100 rev/mins of stirrings;
(6) add 1/2~1 times of hot water that leaches liquid measure, it is diluted, with 50~100 rev/mins of stirring and dissolving; And the temperature that makes diluent is controlled at 100 ℃~110 ℃;
(7), in diluent, add 0.05% polyacrylamide solution by 3~5% of dilution liquid measure;
(8) the solution for vacuum suction filtration after will handling, evaporation concentration is to 1/3 of liquor capacity;
(9) vacuum filtration again is 1: 1~1.5 by the ratio of precipitation and water, and resolution of precipitate in water, and is heated to 80 ℃~100 ℃;
(10) in lysate, add aluminium powder, make the Fe in the lysate 3+Yellow is decorporated;
(11) (the NH of adding 20% 4) 2CO 3Or NH 4HCO 3, the pH value in the regulator solution is 6.5~7.5, makes Al (OH) 3Precipitate fully;
(12) carry out vacuum filtration once more, repeatedly wash Al (OH) with 80 ℃~100 ℃ hot water 3Precipitation;
(13) to dry in 80 ℃~105 ℃ to its water content be 23~28% aluminium hydroxide to the throw out after will washing.
CN94113062A 1994-12-29 1994-12-29 Process for preparing aluminium hydroxide from coal gangue Expired - Fee Related CN1048471C (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104148366B (en) * 2014-07-27 2016-01-27 甘肃华晨非金属应用科技有限公司 Gangue after acidifying
CN105480996A (en) * 2016-01-21 2016-04-13 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司常村煤矿 Method for extracting Al2O3 from coal gangue
CN108975367A (en) * 2018-07-25 2018-12-11 昆明理工大学 A kind of efficient method using high alumina coal gangue

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1101782C (en) * 2000-02-01 2003-02-19 刘成长 Technological process for producing aluminium salt and silicate by using coal gangue

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3590012T1 (en) * 1985-08-27 1987-07-16
CN1048687A (en) * 1989-07-12 1991-01-23 李原黄 Produce the method for Tai-Ace S 150 with coal gangue
CN1072656A (en) * 1991-11-26 1993-06-02 兰州大学 The production method of aluminium hydroxide

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104148366B (en) * 2014-07-27 2016-01-27 甘肃华晨非金属应用科技有限公司 Gangue after acidifying
CN105480996A (en) * 2016-01-21 2016-04-13 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司常村煤矿 Method for extracting Al2O3 from coal gangue
CN108975367A (en) * 2018-07-25 2018-12-11 昆明理工大学 A kind of efficient method using high alumina coal gangue
CN108975367B (en) * 2018-07-25 2020-10-27 昆明理工大学 Method for efficiently utilizing high-aluminum coal gangue

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