CN110778455A - A wind turbine pitch connection structure - Google Patents

A wind turbine pitch connection structure Download PDF

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CN110778455A
CN110778455A CN201911264431.8A CN201911264431A CN110778455A CN 110778455 A CN110778455 A CN 110778455A CN 201911264431 A CN201911264431 A CN 201911264431A CN 110778455 A CN110778455 A CN 110778455A
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pitch
elastic mechanism
flanges
pitch bearing
blade
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CN110778455B (en
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阳雪兵
章滔
何录忠
卜忠颉
杨波
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Hunan Xinglan Wind Power Co ltd
Xiangtan Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
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XIANGTAN ELECTRIC MACHINERY CO Ltd
XEMC Windpower Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224Adjusting blade pitch
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06Rotors
    • F03D1/065Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0658Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/10Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种风力发电机组变桨连接结构,包括轮毂、变桨轴承和叶片;其特征是:还包括弹性机构,所述变桨轴承的外圈或内圈通过螺栓组和轮毂连接;变桨轴承的内圈或外圈通过螺栓组和弹性机构的一端连接;弹性机构的另一端通过螺栓组和叶片连接;所述的弹性机构使得叶片能够相对于与其连接的变桨轴承内圈或外圈扭转且能够复位。本发明结构简单,成本低,其变桨轴承和叶片之间通过弹性机构间接相连,使得叶片和与之相连的变桨轴承的外圈或内圈之间能够在风载作用下发生相对扭转,增加了系统柔性;使得变桨部件在极端工况下受载更小、更平缓,提高了风力发电机组可靠性。

Figure 201911264431

The invention discloses a pitch connection structure of a wind turbine, comprising a hub, a pitch bearing and blades; it is characterized in that it further comprises an elastic mechanism, and the outer ring or the inner ring of the pitch bearing is connected with the wheel hub through a bolt group; The inner ring or outer ring of the paddle bearing is connected with one end of the elastic mechanism through the bolt group; the other end of the elastic mechanism is connected with the blade through the bolt group; the elastic mechanism enables the blade to be relative to the inner ring or outer ring of the pitch bearing connected to it. The loop twists and can be reset. The invention has simple structure and low cost, and the pitch bearing and the blade are indirectly connected by an elastic mechanism, so that relative torsion can occur between the blade and the outer ring or the inner ring of the pitch bearing connected to it under the action of wind load, The system flexibility is increased; the load of the pitch components is smaller and smoother under extreme working conditions, and the reliability of the wind turbine is improved.

Figure 201911264431

Description

一种风力发电机组变桨连接结构A wind turbine pitch connection structure

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及风力发电机技术领域,尤其涉及一种风力发电机组变桨连接结构。The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generators, in particular to a pitch connection structure of a wind power generator set.

背景技术Background technique

风力发电机组变桨装置是风力发电机组重要组成部分,由轮毂、变桨轴承和叶片组成。大兆瓦风力发电机组的变桨装置通常在固定的变桨轴承内圈或固定的变桨轴承外圈上设置有变桨齿轮,当风载较大时,通过安装在轮毂上的变桨驱动,以齿轮啮合的方式带动变桨轴承和叶片旋转,从而通过叶片攻角的改变来降低气动载荷,保证风力发电机组安全可靠运行。The wind turbine pitch device is an important part of the wind turbine, consisting of the hub, the pitch bearing and the blades. The pitch device of the large megawatt wind turbine is usually provided with a pitch gear on the inner ring of the fixed pitch bearing or the outer ring of the fixed pitch bearing. When the wind load is large, it is driven by the pitch mounted on the hub. , drive the pitch bearing and the blade to rotate in the way of gear meshing, so as to reduce the aerodynamic load by changing the angle of attack of the blade, and ensure the safe and reliable operation of the wind turbine.

传统的风力发电机组变桨连接结构如图1所示,变桨轴承2外圈2-1通过螺栓组11和轮毂1连接固定,而变桨轴承内圈2-2通过螺栓组12和叶片4连接固定。该变桨连接结构在风电大兆瓦机组上已有超过10年以上的应用经验,具有传动结构高可靠性的优点。但是随着叶轮直径不断加大,风机工况越来越恶劣,该结构下述弊端日益凸显:The traditional wind turbine pitch connection structure is shown in Figure 1. The outer ring 2-1 of the pitch bearing 2 is connected and fixed with the hub 1 through the bolt group 11, while the inner ring 2-2 of the pitch bearing is connected by the bolt group 12 and the blade 4. Connection is fixed. The pitch connection structure has more than 10 years of application experience in wind power large-megawatt units, and has the advantages of high reliability of the transmission structure. However, as the diameter of the impeller continues to increase, the working conditions of the fan are getting worse and worse, and the following drawbacks of this structure are becoming increasingly prominent:

1.发电时变桨电机抱死,叶片和轮毂之间是一种刚性连接,这就使得风载较大时,变桨系统直接承受较大的能量冲击,从而造成变桨轴承、叶片承受过大载荷和冲击,导致变桨部件过早损坏;1. When generating power, the pitch motor is locked, and there is a rigid connection between the blade and the hub, which makes the pitch system directly bear a larger energy impact when the wind load is large, which causes the pitch bearing and blade to be overburdened. High loads and shocks, leading to premature failure of pitch components;

2.变桨时,变桨电机承受负载波动较大,容易出现前期变桨缓慢而后期变桨过快,加快了变桨部件损坏;2. When pitching, the pitch motor is subject to large load fluctuations, which is prone to slow pitching in the early stage and too fast pitching in the later stage, which accelerates the damage to the pitching components;

3.极端工况下,载荷较大,叶片容易被吹开,导致三个叶片桨叶角差别巨大,产生非常大的额外气动不平衡载荷,从而使得变桨部件过早失效。3. Under extreme working conditions, the load is large and the blades are easily blown apart, resulting in a huge difference in the blade angles of the three blades, resulting in a very large additional aerodynamic unbalanced load, resulting in premature failure of the pitch components.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

为解决现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供一种结构简单、成本低的风力发电机组变桨连接结构,它的叶片和变桨轴承通过一种柔性结构连接,在高载时叶片通过扭转吸收风载极端能量,同时在低载时,具有自复位功能,有助于电机变桨的负载稳定性;而且能够有效缓解三个叶片在极端风况下不同步情况,降低了气动不平衡载荷。In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a wind turbine pitch connection structure with simple structure and low cost. Absorb the extreme energy of wind load, and at the same time at low load, it has a self-reset function, which helps the load stability of the motor pitch; and it can effectively alleviate the asynchronous situation of the three blades under extreme wind conditions, reducing the aerodynamic unbalanced load .

本发明采用的技术方案是:一种风力发电机组变桨连接结构,包括轮毂、变桨轴承、弹性机构和叶片;所述变桨轴承的外圈或内圈通过螺栓组和轮毂连接;变桨轴承的外圈和轮毂连接时,变桨轴承的内圈通过螺栓组和弹性机构的一端连接,变桨轴承的内圈和轮毂连接时,变桨轴承的外圈通过螺栓组和弹性机构的一端连接;弹性机构的另一端通过螺栓组和叶片连接;所述的弹性机构使得叶片能够相对于与其连接的变桨轴承内圈或外圈扭转且能够复位。The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows: a pitch connection structure of a wind turbine, including a hub, a pitch bearing, an elastic mechanism and blades; an outer ring or an inner ring of the pitch bearing is connected to the wheel hub through a bolt group; When the outer ring of the bearing is connected with the hub, the inner ring of the pitch bearing is connected with one end of the elastic mechanism through the bolt group. When the inner ring of the pitch bearing is connected with the hub, the outer ring of the pitch bearing is connected with one end of the elastic mechanism through the bolt group. The other end of the elastic mechanism is connected with the blade through a bolt group; the elastic mechanism enables the blade to be twisted and reset relative to the inner or outer ring of the pitch bearing connected to it.

上述的风力发电机组变桨连接结构中,所述弹性机构包括两个法兰和连接筒,两个法兰同轴设置,两个法兰之间通过连接筒和多个筋板连接,法兰与连接筒同轴,多个筋板沿圆周方向均匀布置,筋板的两端分别与两个法兰连接,筋板的内侧面与连接筒外圆柱面连接;两个法兰分别与变桨轴承和叶片连接。In the above-mentioned wind turbine pitch connection structure, the elastic mechanism includes two flanges and a connecting cylinder, the two flanges are coaxially arranged, and the two flanges are connected by a connecting cylinder and a plurality of rib plates, and the flanges are connected with each other. Coaxial with the connecting cylinder, a plurality of rib plates are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, the two ends of the rib plate are respectively connected with two flanges, the inner side of the rib plate is connected with the outer cylindrical surface of the connecting cylinder; the two flanges are respectively connected with the pitch Bearing and blade connection.

上述的风力发电机组变桨连接结构中,所述的连接筒和筋板采用高分子材料、橡胶或金属材料制成。In the above-mentioned variable-pitch connection structure of the wind turbine, the connection cylinder and the rib are made of polymer material, rubber or metal material.

上述的风力发电机组变桨连接结构中,所述弹性机构包括两个法兰及波纹管,两个法兰之间通过多个双头螺柱连接;所述的波纹管的两端分别与两个法兰连接;两个法兰分别与变桨轴承和叶片连接。In the above-mentioned wind turbine pitch connection structure, the elastic mechanism includes two flanges and a corrugated pipe, and the two flanges are connected by a plurality of double-ended studs; the two ends of the corrugated pipe are respectively connected to the two flanges. One flange connection; two flanges are respectively connected with the pitch bearing and the blade.

上述的风力发电机组变桨连接结构中,所述的法兰的外圆柱面上设有多个连接耳,多个连接耳沿圆周方向均匀布置,连接耳上设有螺栓孔,所述的双头螺柱穿过连接耳的螺栓孔,通过两个螺母固定,两个螺母分别位于连接耳的两侧。In the above-mentioned wind turbine pitch connection structure, the outer cylindrical surface of the flange is provided with a plurality of connection ears, the plurality of connection ears are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the connection ears are provided with bolt holes, and the double connection ears are provided with bolt holes. The head stud passes through the bolt hole of the connecting ear, and is fixed by two nuts, and the two nuts are respectively located on both sides of the connecting ear.

与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明结构简单,成本低,其变桨轴承和叶片之间通过弹性机构间接相连,使得叶片和与之相连的变桨轴承的外圈或内圈之间能够在风载作用下发生相对扭转,增加了系统柔性;这使得在极端工况下,变桨部件受载更小、更平缓,提高了风力发电机组可靠性。Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention has a simple structure and low cost, and the pitch bearing and the blade are indirectly connected by an elastic mechanism, so that the outer ring or the outer ring or the outer ring of the pitch bearing connected to the blade is connected with it. Relative torsion can occur between the inner rings under the action of wind load, which increases the flexibility of the system; this makes the load of the pitch components smaller and gentler under extreme working conditions, which improves the reliability of the wind turbine.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为现有的变桨连接结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing pitch connection structure.

图2为本发明的实施例1的结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

图3为本发明弹性机构的实施例1的示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the elastic mechanism of the present invention.

图4为本发明弹性机构的实施例2的示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the elastic mechanism of the present invention.

图5为本发明的实施例2的结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

如图2所示,本发明包括轮毂1,变桨轴承2,弹性机构3和叶片4。所述变桨轴承2的外圈2-1通过螺栓组11和轮毂1固定连接,变桨轴承2的内圈2-2通过螺栓组12和弹性机构3的一端固定连接。也可以采用如图5所示的连接结构:变桨轴承2的内圈2-2通过螺栓组11和轮毂1固定连接;变桨轴承2的外圈2-1通过螺栓组12和弹性机构3的一端固定连接。所述变桨轴承2中间设有滚动体2-3,可以使得外圈2-1和内圈2-2在载荷作用下相对转动。所述弹性机构3另一端通过螺栓组13和叶片4连接固定。As shown in FIG. 2 , the present invention includes a hub 1 , a pitch bearing 2 , an elastic mechanism 3 and a blade 4 . The outer ring 2-1 of the pitch bearing 2 is fixedly connected to the hub 1 through the bolt group 11, and the inner ring 2-2 of the pitch bearing 2 is fixedly connected to one end of the elastic mechanism 3 through the bolt group 12. The connection structure shown in Figure 5 can also be used: the inner ring 2-2 of the pitch bearing 2 is fixedly connected to the wheel hub 1 through the bolt group 11; the outer ring 2-1 of the pitch bearing 2 is connected by the bolt group 12 and the elastic mechanism 3. fixed connection at one end. The pitch bearing 2 is provided with rolling elements 2-3 in the middle, so that the outer ring 2-1 and the inner ring 2-2 can rotate relative to each other under the action of the load. The other end of the elastic mechanism 3 is connected and fixed with the blade 4 through the bolt group 13 .

所述弹性机构3是一种柔性结构,其两端分别设有一个法兰31,用于与变桨轴承2和叶片4相连。所述弹性机构3的轴向刚度大,在风载作用下变形少;扭转刚度相对较小,能够在较大的风载下实现扭转,而在小的风载下自动扭转复位。The elastic mechanism 3 is a flexible structure, and its two ends are respectively provided with a flange 31 for connecting with the pitch bearing 2 and the blade 4 . The elastic mechanism 3 has high axial rigidity and less deformation under the action of wind load; the torsional rigidity is relatively small, which can realize torsion under large wind load, and automatically twist and reset under small wind load.

如图3所示,所述弹性机构3包括两个法兰31和连接筒32,两个法兰31同轴设置,两个法兰31之间通过连接筒32和多个筋板33连接,法兰31与连接筒32同轴。多个筋板33沿圆周方向均匀布置,筋板33的两端分别与两个法兰31连接,筋板33的内侧面与连接筒32的外圆柱面连接。两个法兰31分别与变桨轴承2和叶片4连接。所述的连接筒32和筋板33采用高分子材料、橡胶或金属材料制成。弹性机构3的轴向刚度大,很难被拉伸和压缩。另外一方面,弹性机构3具有较弱的扭矩刚度,使得受扭转外载时,弹性机构3会在大载荷下扭转,在小载荷下自动扭转复位。As shown in FIG. 3 , the elastic mechanism 3 includes two flanges 31 and a connecting cylinder 32 , the two flanges 31 are coaxially arranged, and the two flanges 31 are connected by a connecting cylinder 32 and a plurality of ribs 33 , The flange 31 is coaxial with the connecting cylinder 32 . The plurality of rib plates 33 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, two ends of the rib plates 33 are respectively connected with the two flanges 31 , and the inner surface of the rib plates 33 is connected with the outer cylindrical surface of the connecting cylinder 32 . The two flanges 31 are respectively connected with the pitch bearing 2 and the blade 4 . The connecting cylinder 32 and the rib plate 33 are made of polymer material, rubber or metal material. The axial rigidity of the elastic mechanism 3 is large, and it is difficult to be stretched and compressed. On the other hand, the elastic mechanism 3 has relatively weak torque stiffness, so that when subjected to external torsional load, the elastic mechanism 3 will twist under a large load, and automatically twist and reset under a small load.

所述弹性机构3还可以采用图4中所示的结构。如图4所示,所述的所述弹性机构3包括两个法兰31及波纹管34,两个法兰31同轴设置,两个法兰31之间通过多个双头螺柱35连接,多个双头螺柱沿圆周方向均匀布置。所述的法兰31的外圆柱面上设有四个连接耳311(连接耳311的数量不限于四个,可以少于四个,至少两个,也可以多于四个。),四个连接耳311沿圆周方向均匀布置,连接耳311上设有螺栓孔,所述的双头螺柱35穿过连接耳311的螺栓孔,通过两个螺母36固定,两个螺母36分别位于连接耳311的两侧。所述的波纹管的两端分别与两个法兰连接,波纹管与法兰同轴;两个法兰31分别与变桨轴承2和叶片4连接。两个法兰31通过四个双头螺柱35和螺母36固定连接,轴向刚度大,使其在轴向很难变形。而波纹管34使得弹性机构3的扭转刚度较小。The elastic mechanism 3 can also adopt the structure shown in FIG. 4 . As shown in FIG. 4 , the elastic mechanism 3 includes two flanges 31 and a bellows 34 , the two flanges 31 are coaxially arranged, and the two flanges 31 are connected by a plurality of studs 35 , a plurality of studs are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction. The outer cylindrical surface of the flange 31 is provided with four connecting ears 311 (the number of connecting ears 311 is not limited to four, it can be less than four, at least two, or more than four.), four The connecting ears 311 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, and the connecting ears 311 are provided with bolt holes. The double-ended studs 35 pass through the bolt holes of the connecting ears 311 and are fixed by two nuts 36. The two nuts 36 are respectively located in the connecting ears. Both sides of the 311. The two ends of the bellows are respectively connected with two flanges, and the bellows and the flanges are coaxial; the two flanges 31 are respectively connected with the pitch bearing 2 and the blade 4 . The two flanges 31 are fixedly connected by four studs 35 and nuts 36, and the axial rigidity is large, which makes it difficult to deform in the axial direction. On the other hand, the bellows 34 makes the torsional rigidity of the elastic mechanism 3 smaller.

Claims (5)

1.一种风力发电机组变桨连接结构,包括轮毂、变桨轴承和叶片;其特征是:还包括弹性机构,所述变桨轴承的外圈或内圈通过螺栓组和轮毂连接;变桨轴承的外圈和轮毂连接时,变桨轴承的内圈通过螺栓组和弹性机构的一端连接,变桨轴承的内圈和轮毂连接时,变桨轴承的外圈通过螺栓组和弹性机构的一端连接;弹性机构的另一端通过螺栓组和叶片连接;所述的弹性机构使得叶片能够相对于与其连接的变桨轴承内圈或外圈扭转且能够复位。1. a wind turbine pitch connection structure, comprising hub, pitch bearing and blade; it is characterized in that: also comprise elastic mechanism, the outer ring or inner ring of described pitch bearing is connected by bolt group and wheel hub; pitch When the outer ring of the bearing is connected with the hub, the inner ring of the pitch bearing is connected with one end of the elastic mechanism through the bolt group. When the inner ring of the pitch bearing is connected with the hub, the outer ring of the pitch bearing is connected with one end of the elastic mechanism through the bolt group. The other end of the elastic mechanism is connected with the blade through a bolt group; the elastic mechanism enables the blade to be twisted and reset relative to the inner or outer ring of the pitch bearing connected to it. 2.根据权利要求1所述的风力发电机组变桨连接结构,其特征是:所述弹性机构包括两个法兰和连接筒,两个法兰同轴设置,两个法兰之间通过连接筒和多个筋板连接,法兰与连接筒同轴,多个筋板沿圆周方向均匀布置,筋板的两端分别与两个法兰连接,筋板的内侧面与连接筒外圆柱面连接;两个法兰分别与变桨轴承和叶片连接。2. The pitch connection structure of the wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the elastic mechanism comprises two flanges and a connecting cylinder, the two flanges are coaxially arranged, and the two flanges are connected by The tube is connected with a plurality of rib plates, the flange is coaxial with the connecting tube, the plurality of rib plates are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, the two ends of the rib plate are respectively connected with two flanges, and the inner side of the rib plate is connected with the outer cylindrical surface of the connecting tube. Connection; two flanges are connected to the pitch bearing and the blade respectively. 3.根据权利要求2所述的风力发电机组变桨连接结构,其特征是:所述的连接筒和筋板采用高分子材料、橡胶或金属材料制成。3 . The pitch connection structure for wind turbines according to claim 2 , wherein the connecting cylinder and the ribs are made of polymer material, rubber or metal material. 4 . 4.根据权利要求1所述的风力发电机组变桨连接结构,其特征是:所述弹性机构包括两个法兰及波纹管,两个法兰之间通过多个双头螺柱连接;所述的波纹管的两端分别与两个法兰连接;两个法兰分别与变桨轴承和叶片连接。4. The pitch connection structure for wind turbines according to claim 1, wherein the elastic mechanism comprises two flanges and a corrugated pipe, and the two flanges are connected by a plurality of double-ended studs; The two ends of the bellows are respectively connected with two flanges; the two flanges are respectively connected with the pitch bearing and the blades. 5.根据权利要求4所述的风力发电机组变桨连接结构,其特征是:所述的法兰的外圆柱面上设有多个连接耳,多个连接耳沿圆周方向均匀布置,连接耳上设有螺栓孔,所述的双头螺柱穿过连接耳的螺栓孔,通过两个螺母固定,两个螺母分别位于连接耳的两侧。5. The pitch connection structure for wind turbines according to claim 4, characterized in that: the outer cylindrical surface of the flange is provided with a plurality of connection ears, the plurality of connection ears are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the connection ears Bolt holes are provided on the studs, and the double-ended studs pass through the bolt holes of the connecting ears and are fixed by two nuts, which are respectively located on both sides of the connecting ears.
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