CN110778290A - Intelligent pumping unit capable of operating when pump is full - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent pumping unit which operates after a pump is full; the lower end of the frame is hinged at the front part of the base, and the lower ends of two support rods hinged at the two sides of the upper part are fixed at the two sides of the back of the base. Two ends of the head sheave mandrel are fixed at the top end of the frame, a cam locked with a roller on the head sheave is fixed below the head sheave, and the cam is connected with a brake motor electrically connected with the electric cabinet by a synchronous belt. The head sheave hangs the lifting rope forward and connects polished rod eye and oil pole down, hangs the balancing weight that the balancing rope connection slided on the guide rail backward. The intelligent oil well oil pump has the advantages that the intelligent oil well oil pump is shut down and delayed, when the double-acting upper pump is full, the upper pump pumps oil out, the lower pump pumps oil in, the upper pump pumps, and the lower pump pumps, the upper pump pumps and the lower pump pumps are full, and the oil well oil pump is. The machine is stopped to automatically drain oil from the oil rod base to the bottom to clean the pipe rod and to inspect the pump of the oil pumping unit if necessary, and the automatic production and operation are carried out after the operation, so that the machine is environment-friendly, efficient, and capable of increasing yield and reducing consumption.

Description

Intelligent pumping unit capable of operating when pump is full

Technical Field

The invention discloses an intelligent pumping unit capable of running after a pump is full, relates to the technical field of pumping units in oil fields, and particularly relates to an intelligent pumping unit capable of stopping according to a stroke and running again in a delayed manner.

Background

At present, a beam pumping unit is generally used at home and abroad, the rotary motion of a motor is changed into the reciprocating motion required by a plunger type oil well pump by adopting a crank connecting rod transmission mechanism, and the beam pumping unit is most reasonable in motion form, so that the beam pumping unit has a history of more than one hundred years, is a very mature oil field development device, is very suitable for the boosting and lifting action when an oil well gradually loses the self-injection capacity in the early stage of oil field development, but along with the extension of the oil field development history, the overall driving force of an old oil field and a new oil field is the gradual reduction of the capacity of a single well, the well is also gradually deepened, the exploitation difficulty is increased, the cost is continuously increased, the requirement of human beings on oil is continuously increased, and the main contradiction of world economy is already formed, so that the problem of the oil field development device taking a beam machine as a main body is highlighted, and how the? The oil production is known to be the decisive factor of the cost, if the oil field development technical level is only improved by improving the yield, the essence of the development technical level is the monitoring capability of the oil layer pressure dynamic, the most main, most economical, most comprehensive and most timely means for monitoring the formation pressure is the oil production metering, the small fluctuation of the formation pressure can cause the great change of the ground yield, the accurate real-time metering is required, the most economical, most timely and most accurate metering means is a indicator diagram, an oil well pump is a very accurate container, and the accurate oil production is realized as long as the effective stroke is accurately measured on the indicator diagram. The diagram is a variable coordinate curve of displacement of a liquid column load and a dynamic load along with the stroke of a pump, the dynamic load is 1 ten thousand times per day averagely in direct proportion to the square of impulse number, the minimum number is 6 times per minute, the minimum number is 8640 times per day, each impulse number is 4 times, and the variable speed movement from zero to the maximum and then from the maximum to the zero causes the violent change of the load, so that the diagram cannot accurately identify the effective stroke, and the qualitative production is difficult to determine whether the effective stroke is normal or not. Therefore, a large amount of capital construction investment is used for building a metering station, and because the oil well has low yield, the oil-gas mixed pumping and the transmission distance are far, and the oil is intermittent to the metering station, the metering error is very large, the problem of old difficulty since the oil field is built is solved, the storage capacity of each well is several, and the produced quantity can not be said about the development level?

To say again the composition of the production costs, the power, material, personnel wages, management and field maintenance costs are the main components of the production costs, which are related to the pumping unit? Not only all factors are present. Firstly, the comprehensive system efficiency is estimated to be only 20-25% on average, wherein the problems of high efficiency are that the high-water-content oil well is high, most of the low-water-content low-oil-production efficiency is 10-17%, the high-water-content oil well is not accurate in measurement except for geological conditions, so that the water injection decision is slow, the water injection efficiency is low when the water of the oil well is found to be late, the water injection cost is not inferior to the oil production cost, and the production cost comprises the water injection cost. The energy can only be converted and can not be naturally lost, about 80 percent of energy can not be effectively utilized, the study is earnestly conducted, the oil field cost is too large to pay electricity, the society of energy saving and emission reduction is a big problem at present, people in the whole society know a big horse-drawn trolley of the oil pumping unit, but the big horse-drawn trolley is a small horse-drawn trolley on the contrary in essence, firstly, the starting difficulty is shown after the stop of the walking beam machine, which is the reason that a manager is unwilling to draw electricity, secondly, the motor generates a clunking sound when the crank is at a horizontal position at the highest movement speed in the operation process, the speed is obviously slowed down to prove that the motor is overloaded at the moment, and a designer solves the problem that the transient overload method adopts a high-slip-rate motor, the matched power is reduced, but the electricity is not necessarily saved, and the current is increased.

The reason that the matching power is overlarge is that the movement speed is too high, the minimum average speed of the stroke is 0.175M/S, the instantaneous speed is doubled to be 0.35M/S, the maximum stroke is 6.0M, 4 times/min, 0.8M/S and the instantaneous speed is 1.6M/S, the economic movement speed of the hoister is only 0.17-0.3M/S, the load is not changed, the motor power is driven to be in direct proportion to the movement speed, and the motor power is greatly increased due to the existence of the instantaneous high speed; secondly, the impulse is too large, the minimum number is 6 times per minute, the maximum number is 12 times per minute, the number is 17280 times per day, the average number is 12960 times per day, the influence coefficient of the dynamic load is in proportion to the square of the impulse, the dynamic load of the oil well is greatly increased, meanwhile, the abrasion of the equipment is in proportion to the number of movement, the abrasion and the damage of three-pump equipment such as an oil pipe, an oil rod, an oil pump and the like are seriously increased, a huge workover team and great material consumption are caused, and the operation causes serious crude oil environmental pollution and personal injury. It can be seen that a large part of a large amount of electricity charges disappear after the electricity charges play a role of abrasion damage and a large amount of manpower and material resources are used for repairing and updating the abrasion damage, so that the beam-pumping unit which is very reasonable in movement form is unreasonable in work, the oil pumping efficiency is a problem which needs to be treated seriously, the efficiency is low and is not only a problem of the oil pumping unit, the pump efficiency is low and serious, the average efficiency is less than 25%, and the situation that 3 times of oil pumping are carried out every 4 times is invalid operation is indicated, and the important reason for forming high speed and high stroke frequency is also shown.

The pump efficiency problem is the main contradiction of the prior art, and all the problems can be solved easily as long as the pump efficiency problem is solved, so the technology of the double-acting oil well pump capable of draining oil is developed through more than ten years of experience training, but an oil well does not have enough oil supply capacity, the existing oil pumping unit cannot wait for the pump to be full and then operate, and therefore an intelligent oil pumping unit which can be started to operate in time, accurately positioned and shut down for delay, namely, the pump can be full and then operate, must be created. The pumping unit is determined to accurately test the full state of the oil well pump at any time, and meanwhile, the dynamic load of the comprehensive factors influencing the diagram test must be reduced to the minimum on hardware, so that the pumping unit is determined to have large stroke, low stroke number, uniform speed and low speed motion, a direct balance mode is adopted, the testing device has a reliable inertia force resisting structure and accurate load displacement testing, and good conditions are provided for a next pumping well high-efficiency digital network management method.

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, a novel intelligent pumping unit which operates after the pump is filled is researched and designed, so that the problem in the prior art is very necessary to be overcome.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the technical problems of low working efficiency, high oil extraction cost and the like of the existing beam-pumping unit provided by the prior art, the intelligent oil pumping unit capable of operating after a pump is full is provided.

The invention relates to an oil-well pump with double functions of full filling and oil drainage, in particular to an oil-well pump with double functions of full filling and oil drainage, which is characterized in that the pump has the functions of full filling and oil drainage and double functions, and the pump needs to be stopped at an upper dead point and a lower dead point for supplying oil to a pump for a time waiting for oil supply of an oil well, so that the oil-well pump needs to be an intelligent oil-well pump which can wait for the full filling of the pump and automatically determine how long the pump is prolonged, and the oil-well pump also has the function of pump detection operation.

The intelligent pumping unit which operates after the pump is full is matched with an oil well pump to realize the double-acting filling function, and is difficult to realize almost impossible according to normal principles, but the intelligent pumping unit is characterized in that a decisive condition is provided for the pumping unit which is full by the pump after the pump is full, the stroke is properly increased after the pump is full and double-acting, the actual discharge capacity is greatly increased, the pumping frequency is greatly reduced and the movement speed is reduced under the condition that the oil well output is certain, and as a result, the power of most pumping units below 10 types is reduced to below 10KW, the pumping frequency is reduced by 10-100 times, the optimal condition is provided for reversing by positive and negative rotation of a motor and delaying the machine halt, and a roller cam direct drive transmission mechanism is matched, so.

The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:

an intelligent pumping unit capable of running after a pump is full, which is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a base, a control system, a frame body structure, a balance structure, a roller cam direct-drive transmission mechanism, a lifting rope and a rope hanger; the frame body structure is arranged at the upper part of the machine base; the balance structure is arranged on the frame body structure and is connected with the roller cam direct drive transmission mechanism; the roller cam direct-drive transmission mechanism is arranged at the top of the frame body structure; one end of the lifting rope is connected with the roller cam direct drive transmission mechanism, and the other end of the lifting rope is provided with a rope hanger; the control system is distributed at each part of the intelligent pumping unit;

the front part of the machine base is transversely provided with a weighted bearing beam, two sides of the longitudinal center line on the cross beam are embedded with two bolts, and a fine-tuning hinged base is fixed on the bolts; the two corners at the rear part of the machine base are provided with fixed bases;

the support body structure includes: a frame and two support rods; the frame is 4 columns, the axis is pressed into a lattice type with a middle supporting variable cross-section pressure lever, the front surface is a herringbone frame, the two ends of the side surface are symmetrically reduced, the bottom of the side surface is hinged with a hinged base at the front part of the machine base, and the frame with the free top end, the axis is pressed, the cross section is unequal to the lattice type and the upper part is provided with a support; a positive screw and a negative screw are arranged in the two ends of the two supporting rods; the top end screw rod is hinged with a connecting piece arranged at the upper part of the rack, the bottom end screw rod is fixedly connected with fixed seat screw caps at two corners at the rear part of the rack, and the upper end of the rack can be adjusted to move back and forth by rotating the supporting rod; the frame body has the advantages of beautiful and uniform structure, large bearing capacity, light weight, bending resistance, torsion resistance, high stability and convenient and free adjustment, and can not only realize large stroke pumping unit but also check pump operation, and almost all pumping wells can be uniformly used; roller cam directly drives drive mechanism includes: the device comprises a cam, a head sheave, a synchronous belt and a brake motor; two ends of a crown block mandrel are arranged at the top end of the frame through a bearing bush type clamping seat, and the mandrel axis of the crown block mandrel and the axis of a cam arranged at the upper part of the frame are arranged at 90 degrees and are mutually meshed; the brake motor is arranged at the upper part of the frame, the output end of the brake motor is connected with the input end of the cam through a synchronous belt, and power is transmitted to the head sheave through the synchronous belt and the cam; the balance structure includes: balance weight, balance rope, guide rail; the guide rail is vertically arranged at the rear part of the rack, the balance weight is arranged on the guide rail, the lower end of the balance rope is connected with the balance weight, the upper end of the balance rope is wound on the head sheave, and the head sheave rotates to drive the balance rope to pull the balance weight to move up and down along the guide rail; the upper end winding of lifting rope is on the head sheave, and the lower extreme is connected with the beam hanger through the polished rod eye.

Furthermore, a plurality of roller bodies are equidistantly arranged on the central line of the outer circumference of the head sheave; the roller body engages with the groove of the cam.

Further, a hollow shaft flange is fixed at the rear end of the cam; a push-pull force bearing is arranged in a hollow mandrel of the hollow shaft flange, the rear end of the mandrel is inserted into the tubular flange fixing seat, the pin shaft type force sensor is transversely inserted into corresponding holes of the mandrel and the flange fixing seat, the pin shaft type force sensor bears the push-pull force of the cam, the pin shaft type force sensor directly measures the output load of the motor, the load of a rod column of an oil well is offset by the balance weight, the measurement range is narrowed, so that the work diagram is more accurate, and the automatic control is more reliable; a roller bearing which is radially positioned and axially moves is arranged outside the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft flange, and the roller bearing is arranged in a bidirectional bearing seat; a spline shaft flange is fixed at the front end of the cam, a spline shaft of the spline shaft flange is inserted into a spline shaft hole of hollow spline output at the upper part of the speed reducing bearing seat, and a synchronous belt large belt wheel is arranged on an input shaft at the lower part of the speed reducing bearing seat and is connected with a small belt wheel of a permanent magnet synchronous brake motor through a synchronous belt.

Furthermore, the brake motor is a permanent magnet synchronous brake motor and is electrically connected with an electric cabinet provided with a PLC industrial controller, a frequency converter and a solid-state relay. When the motor is powered on, the cam is driven to rotate by the synchronous belt speed reduction bearing seat, the roller meshed in the groove on the cam displaces along the axis direction of the cam to drive the head sheave to rotate, the oil rod and the oil well pump are pulled to move upwards by the lifting rope hanger, the balancing weight power-assisted motor moves downwards, the automatic stop is delayed when the motor reaches the top dead center, the motor rotates backwards, the oil rod moves downwards, the balancing weight moves upwards, and the whole operation process is completed by the test and control software of the high-efficiency full-automatic oil pumping method.

Furthermore, the base is of a rectangular enclosure wall type integral reinforced concrete structure with the height larger than 1.2M, the middle space of the base is convenient for the balance weight to directly fall on the ground, the weight of the base is reduced, the balance weight can fall on the ground from the middle, and the serious consequence that the balance weight with the weight of several tons impacts the base to cause the complete machine to topple is prevented; the height of the frame is relatively reduced by more than 1.2M, and the frame not only replaces a large-scale steel chassis to ensure that the whole machine has higher stability, but also is the safest protective fence.

Furthermore, the bottom of the front end of the machine base is forward convex, and the height of the front end of the machine base is equal to the height of a soil platform at a well mouth, so that the operation of well mouth personnel is facilitated, and the bearing gravity center of the whole machine moves forwards to ensure the front and back stability of the whole machine.

Further, the control system includes: the device comprises a measurement and control cabinet arranged on a machine base, a brake motor arranged on a machine frame, an original point switch, a high point switch and a low point switch arranged on a guide rail, and a video monitoring, lighting and underground power supply; the equipment is electrically connected with a measurement and control cabinet, and the measurement and control cabinet is internally provided with a remote automatic measurement and control system consisting of a high-function industrial controller PLC, a frequency converter, a solid-state relay, a digital power supply, a human-computer interface touch screen and network information transmission, a manual control system consisting of an AC contactor start-stop button and various electric appliance metering display instruments.

Further, the roller body includes: the device comprises an oil cup, a tapered opening sleeve, a roller taper shank shaft, a retainer ring, a roller and a waterproof cover; the roller is sleeved outside the roller taper shank shaft, and a roller is arranged between the roller and the roller taper shank shaft; the upper part of the roller is blocked and positioned by a retainer ring; the upper part of the roller taper shank shaft is sleeved with a tapered opening sleeve, and the roller taper shank shaft at the upper part of the tapered opening sleeve is provided with a flat pad and a spring pad which are packaged by a screw cap; the upper part of the roller taper shank shaft is provided with an oil cup which is communicated with the interior of the roller taper shank shaft; the bottom of the roller body is provided with a waterproof cover which seals a gap between the roller taper shank shaft and the roller; an oil seal is arranged between the roller and the retainer ring.

Furthermore, the outer wall of the roller is of a conical structure, the circumference of the top of the roller is chamfered, and the rear end of the roller has no taper.

Furthermore, the working stroke of the oil pumping unit is 8M, the maximum stroke is 9.5M, the standard length of the oil rod is 8M, the oil pumping unit lifts the oil rod and the used rod pump to the ground, the lifting height and the load are all easy, only the automatic control is changed into manual control, the oil rod and the balance weight are put down, the lifting ring is hung on the rope hanger, the well mouth is provided with two small tools of a cushion fork, three people can lift the rod oil pump to the ground, and the speed of the rod oil pump can be raised by a frequency converter along with the reduction of the load during lifting. 8M is preferred, because the sucker rod coupling can cause local abrasion to the oil pipe when the sucker rod coupling is less than 8M, local repeated abrasion can be caused when the sucker rod coupling is more than 8M, the maximum stroke of the oil pumping unit is designed to be 9M, and the sucker rod can be proposed to lift the movable and vulnerable plunger part of the tubular double-acting pump and the integral rod-type oil well pump to the ground for pump checking operation when necessary.

The working principle is as follows: manually controlling to lift an oil rod to an upper dead point, turning on an original point switch by a balance weight at the bottom, automatically running, stopping, reversing and delaying, waiting for a double-acting lower pump to be full, automatically starting the oil rod to descend when the double-acting lower pump is full, starting oil inlet by an upper pump for discharging oil from the lower pump, performing work by a plunger under the gravity pressure of the oil rod when the double-acting pump discharges oil, reversely rotating a motor to pull the oil rod to balance the weight, automatically stopping, reversing and delaying the oil rod to the lower dead point, fully charging the oil rod, delaying the time, calculating the delay time of the descending of the next stroke when the double-acting pump discharges oil when the upper pump discharges oil, pulling the maximum load of the oil well to ascend by the motor for assisting the balance weight, stopping, reversing and delaying the oil at the upper dead point, measuring the full value and the oil yield when the ascending by the controller, and calculating the waiting time of the ascending according to the stopping time of the ascending, the operation is circulated, and the time length of the shutdown delay is used for automatically adapting to the high and low yield of the oil well. When the oil drainage is needed, the oil is drained only by changing the automatic mode into the manual control mode to drain the oil rod base to the bottom, the pipe rod can be washed normally, and the easily damaged movable plunger part or the rod type pump of the double-acting pump can be lifted to the ground for pump inspection operation and then the pump is lifted to the original position to automatically run after the adjustment and preparation can be carried out if necessary.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the intelligent pumping unit capable of running after being filled with the pumps is provided, the roller cam direct-drive transmission mechanism is used on the intelligent pumping unit capable of running after being filled with the pumps to play a decisive core role, the roller cam direct-drive transmission mechanism directly drives the excircle of the head sheave, the torque of the mandrel is thoroughly eliminated, the limitation on the stroke is thoroughly eliminated, the stroke size depends on the height of the rack, and the roller cam direct-drive transmission mechanism can be optimally selected according to the working requirement. The rotary inertia force is directly acted on the excircle of the head sheave, the speed ratio is large, the inertia acted on the motor is negligible, the transmission ratio is large, the stroke number is 0.75 times per minute, the effective oil pumping stroke is 7.5M, the maximum stroke is 9M, and the pumping unit can be stopped, braked and delayed arbitrarily and started to operate in time to provide decisive conditions for the pumping unit which operates after the pump is full;

2. the invention provides an intelligent pumping unit capable of operating after a pump is full, a pin shaft force sensor is arranged on a special mandrel for push-pull force, a special measurement motor is used for measuring the push-pull force of a roller head sheave, the load and the balance weight of an oil well are thrown away, the measurement range is narrowed, the measurement precision is improved, the assembly gravity of the balance weight is known, the sum of the measured quantity and the balance weight is equal to the load of the oil well in the upper stroke and is also the maximum load, the sum of the balance weight and the measured quantity is the load of the lower stroke of the oil well, meanwhile, the minimum load of the oil well is displayed, the significance of accurately testing the load of the oil well is great, a work diagram, the yield and the pump efficiency can be obtained, the halt delay time of the next stroke is automatically set according to the pump efficiency. The detection, the correction and the disassembly and the assembly are convenient, the fault rate is very low, the long-term fault-free operation can be kept, the sensors arranged on the rope hanger in the prior art can only carry out periodic intermittent tests including wireless transmission and long-term real-time test due to the power supply problem, and the full-automatic control can not be achieved;

3. the invention provides an intelligent pumping unit which runs after a pump is full, wherein a motor of the intelligent pumping unit is a permanent magnet synchronous brake motor, a transmission belt of the intelligent pumping unit is an arc tooth synchronous belt, the whole transmission process is free from sliding, the permanent magnet synchronous motor has strict rotating speed synchronism and actually measures the displacement amount in unit time before running, then the actually measured displacement amount in unit time is used for replacing a displacement sensor to carry out indicator diagram test in unit time, then a load value is read on the load sensor, and the indicator diagram of an oil well pump is formed by marking the displacement value and the load value of time on a rectangular coordinate, so that the direct digital test is realized. The practice shows that the temperature of the field oil pumping unit can reach +70 ℃ to-35 ℃, the long-term wind, rain and sunshine can not meet the requirement of long-term real-time safe operation of any sensor, and only the time control of the PLC is the most reliable. The pumping unit is made to move stably at a constant speed and then displacement variables are replaced by time variables;

4. the speed reduction bearing seat of the intelligent pumping unit capable of running after the pump is full is enlarged, a pair of involute cylindrical gears is added in the bearing seat, the speed ratio is 2.5, the center distance is 140 mm, the output shaft is arranged on the upper portion and is a hollow spline shaft, the input shaft is arranged on the lower portion, the rotating speed is very low, the input is only 300 revolutions, and grease lubrication is adopted. Because the upper part of the cam is provided with the head sheave, the front part of the cam is provided with the rope hanger which moves up and down, the space is limited, the front bearing seat is only changed into a small heavy-duty speed reducer, so that the input shaft moves down for 140 mm, and a large belt wheel is arranged in the space, and the speed ratio of the synchronous belt is reduced to reach the optimal 4.8. The motor is also raised to 4 poles and 1500 revolutions, the cost is reduced, and the transmission power is improved;

5. the invention provides an intelligent pumping unit capable of running after being filled with pumps, which is characterized in that a rack is an axis compression lattice type pressure bar with a middle support and a variable cross section, the front surface of the rack is an A-shaped side surface, two ends of the side surface are symmetrically reduced, ladder type batten strips are arranged at two ends of the front surface, the bottom end of the rack is hinged with a foundation, the top end of the rack is free, a pair of rotatable and telescopic support rods are used for adjusting a head sheave to move forwards and backwards and fix the head sheave, the rack is a typical rack, and the intelligent pumping unit is attractive and uniform in appearance, large in load bearing, light in weight, resistant to bending and torsion;

6. according to the intelligent pumping unit capable of running after the pump is full, the supporting rod stretches and retracts to drive the head sheave to move back and forth, the backward movement is 60-100cm, the front position is set out, and the well repairing operation is facilitated to set out; the structure is simple, the copy operation is realized, and the firmness and reliability are realized;

7. the intelligent pumping unit capable of running after being filled with the pumps is characterized in that the base is a rectangular and enclosing wall type integrated reinforced concrete base, the stability is guaranteed, meanwhile, the weight is minimum, the balance weight can fall to the ground from the middle, the height of the machine frame is relatively reduced, the production accident of the base is avoided, the height is 1.2M, the machine frame is a base and a safety guardrail, the cost of a steel chassis is saved in an integrated mode, and the machine frame is proved to be most stable in practice;

8. the intelligent pumping unit which operates after the pump is full has double functions and can increase the stroke under the core effect of full filling, greatly increases the actual liquid discharge capacity of the pump, breaks through three key effects, reduces the movement speed by times, reduces the power of most pumping units of less than 10 types to be less than 10KW, and is easy and free by the forward and reverse rotation of the motor; secondly, the large stroke moves linearly at a constant speed and a low speed, so that the dynamic load influencing the diagram test is reduced to the minimum, and the diagram test is directly digitalized to create conditions for automation; thirdly, impulse is reduced by hundreds of times, the downtime of most wells is much longer than the operation time, the working level of equipment is relatively reduced, the reliability is higher, and the service life is longer. In a word, no high-efficiency digital network management method for the pumping well exists without filling the pump;

9. according to the intelligent pumping unit capable of running after being filled with the pumps, the roller of the roller cam direct drive transmission mechanism is improved from the original cylindrical roller into the tapered roller, the front end of the roller is chamfered, the rear end of the roller has no taper, the groove shape of the cam is matched with the taper of the roller, the cylindrical roller is eliminated after the improvement, the efficiency of crawling on the annular plane roller path in rotation is improved, the abrasion is reduced, the speed ratio is increased, the strength of the cam groove is increased, the damage of the stress on the front end and the rear end of the roller is prevented, particularly, the mold of the square groove of the cam cannot be separated, only the mold can be separated due to the tapered groove, the mold can be separated into.

10. According to the intelligent pumping unit capable of operating after being filled with pumps, the total weight of 10 type machine steel materials is 6-8 tons, the balance weight is 4 tons, 2M lengths of phi 90 mm 45# round steel are adopted, each balance weight is 100 kilograms, the balance weight is the best and most economical balance weight, the balance weight is a necessary material of an oil well pump joint, the residual value is not reduced, the structure of the whole unit is simple, the intelligent pumping unit can be manufactured by a general machining unit, and the intelligent pumping unit is high in performance, simple and easy to manufacture and low in cost.

In conclusion, the technical scheme of the invention solves the problems of low working efficiency, high oil extraction cost and the like of the existing beam-pumping unit in the prior art.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a roller cam direct drive transmission mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the roller body of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a base 2, a frame 3, a measurement and control cabinet 4, a balance weight 5, a balance rope 6, a support rod 7, a guide rail 8, a cam 9, a head sheave 10, a synchronous belt 11, a brake motor 12, a lifting rope 13, a rope hanger 14, a speed reduction bearing seat 15, a spline shaft flange 16, a hollow shaft flange 17, a bidirectional bearing seat 18, a pin shaft type force sensor 19, a fixed seat 20, a roller body 21, a roller bearing 22, a push-pull force bearing 23, an oil cup 24, a nut 25, a spring pad 26, a flat pad 27, a tapered opening sleeve 28, a roller taper shank shaft 29, a retainer ring 30, an oil seal 31, a roller 32, a roller 33 and a waterproof cover.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the absence of any contrary indication, these directional terms are not intended to indicate and imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

As shown in the figure, the invention provides an intelligent pumping unit which operates after a pump is filled, a machine base 1 is a rectangular hollow enclosing wall type reinforced concrete integral structure, the height of a front projection at the bottom is equal to the height of a soil platform at a well head, the operation of well head personnel is convenient, the year-ahead stability of the whole machine is ensured by the forward movement of the bearing gravity center of the whole machine, the whole width is 2.4M, the total length is 3.6M, the transportation is convenient, a front part is transversely provided with a weighted bearing beam, two fixing bases hinged with the machine base are arranged at the position of 1.2M distance between two sides of the central line on the beam, four corners of each fixing base are fixed on an embedded part of a foundation by screws, the left side and the right side of the middle part of each fixing base are provided with fine-adjustment lifting jackscrews, the perpendicularity of the left side and the right side of the machine base is ensured by a method of adding, the counterweight falls on the ground in the base to prevent the counterweight with the weight of several tons from impacting the base to generate major accidents, meanwhile, the counterweight is favorable to be overall and stable relative to the height of the frame, and practice proves that no matter how large the section steel chassis is, the section steel chassis is not as stable as the whole concrete base and saves a large amount of steel.

The frame 2 is an A-shaped frame seen from the right side, two support legs are hinged on a fixed seat of the base 1 to ensure the stability of the frame 2 in the left and right directions, the frame 2 is of a lattice type upper part supported structure with a free top end, a pressed axis and an unequal cross section, a fixed guide rail 7 is arranged behind the frame to increase the bending strength of the frame 2, two support rods 6 hinged with the frame 2 are arranged on two sides of the upper guide rail 7, a front screw and a back screw capable of rotating and stretching are arranged in two ends of each support rod 6, the lower ends of the support rods are fixed on the fixed seats on two rear corners of the base 1 to ensure the front and back positioning of the frame 2, the support rods 6 are rotated to enable the front and back screws at two ends to stretch to enable a head sheave 9 at the top end to move back and forth. When in normal production, the frame 2 slightly inclines forwards by 1-1.5 degrees, the balance weight 4 naturally leans against the guide rail 7 to prevent swinging and impacting, so that the roller clamped on the guide rail 7 runs and is balanced, the key is to enable the support rod 6 to bear pulling force to forbid the stability from being damaged by pressure, when the workover head sheave 9 backwards shifts the frame 2 and backwards, the oil rod load and the balance weight 4 are unloaded, and only the head sheave 9 has small weight. The frame 2 is manufactured by riveting and welding thick-wall square tubes, and has simple structure, beautiful appearance, convenient manufacture and low cost.

On the central line of the outer circumference of the head sheave 9, 45 axes are arranged according to the distance of 80 by taking the axis as the center, each axis is provided with a roller mounting hole on the outer circle of the head sheave and is provided with 45 roller bodies 20, a hub of the head sheave 9 is internally provided with a mandrel with a tapered roller bearing, two sides of the mandrel are fixed at the top end of the frame 2 by a slip type clamping seat, the bearing is provided with proper prestress corresponding to the axial force driven by the positive and negative rotation of a cam, a cam 8 is arranged at the lower part of the roller head sheave 9, the axis of the cam and the axis of the roller are on the same plane and keep a certain central distance with the mandrel, the cam is cast by high rolling abrasion resistant alloy, a tapping hole flange is specially welded at one end, a hollow shaft flange 16 is fixed at the rear end of the cam, an NU type cylindrical bearing with radial free positioning is arranged outside the hollow mandrel, two thrust roller bearings with opposite stress are arranged in, the hollow shaft is inserted into a fixed seat 19 and is fixed by a pin shaft force sensor 18 in a transverse mode, a flange hollow shaft 16 is positioned by a bidirectional bearing seat 17, a spline shaft flange 15 is fixed at the front end of a cam 8, and a roller body 20 with rotary motion is arranged on the upper edge of the spline shaft flange 15; the brake motor 11 is a permanent magnet synchronous brake motor with the rotation speed of 1500 revolutions, the total transmission ratio 540, the transmission ratio of a roller head sheave of 45 and 540/45 is 12, the transmission ratio of a primary synchronous belt is less than 12, the height of the primary synchronous belt is less than the radius of a large belt wheel, a front radial positioning bearing seat is only changed into a speed reduction bearing seat 14, the speed reduction bearing seat is very simple, only a pair of involute column gears are arranged on a large gear with the pitch diameter phi of 200 mm on the upper part, a hollow spline shaft outputs, a pinion gear with the lower pitch diameter phi of 80 mm, a solid input shaft gear with the pitch diameter of 80 mm, the center distance of 140 mm and the speed ratio of 2.5, a large belt wheel of a synchronous belt is arranged on a lower input shaft of the speed reduction bearing seat 14, the speed ratio of the synchronous belt 10 is 4.8, the speed ratio of 4.8 is 2.5, 4.5 is in an optimal state, the synchronous belt 14M is adopted, the transmission reference rated power of 35KW, the actual matched power is 7.5KW, the coefficient of 4., the brake motor 11 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor matched with a brake and a temperature sensor, the brake motor 11 is electrically connected with the measurement and control box 3, and the measurement and control box mainly comprises a microcomputer PLC industrial controller, a frequency converter, a solid state relay, network communication, a human-computer interface, a digital power supply and other electronic measurement and control electric appliances.

The middle of two balance ropes 5 fed back is hung on the rope hanger of the top end of the head sheave 9 near the rope retaining plates at two sides, two rope ends at the lower end are respectively connected with the fixed joint of the concave transverse bottom at the middle part of the balance weight 4, the brake motor 11 rotates forward and backward to make the head sheave 9 rotate for two cycles, the groove at the middle part rises to the highest point through the arch section at the rear part of the head sheave 9, then the lifting rope 12 is fed back to two rope bending sections at the middle part to be hung on the steel rope seat of the roller mounting seat at the top end of the head sheave 9, two rope ends at the lower end are fixed in the rope through holes at two sides of the rope hanger 13, and the oil rod is fixed in the central hole of the rope, when the anti-impact distance is well aligned, the braking motor 11 is powered reversely, the counterweight 4 downwards assists the braking motor 11 to upwards pull the oil rod to go upwards, when the stopping time of the engine is delayed until the top dead center, when the time comes, the oil rod descending assisting brake motor 11 is started by reverse power supply, pulls the balance weight 4 to ascend to perform continuous top dead center shutdown delay restarting operation. The automatic operation is automatically determined by the measuring and controlling software of the high-efficiency full-automatic oil pumping method according to the measured full-filling state of the pump.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An intelligent pumping unit capable of running after a pump is full, which is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a base (1), a control system, a frame body structure, a balance structure, a roller cam direct drive transmission mechanism, a lifting rope (12) and a rope hanger (13); the frame body structure is arranged at the upper part of the machine base (1); the balance structure is arranged on the frame body structure and is connected with the roller cam direct drive transmission mechanism; the roller cam direct-drive transmission mechanism is arranged at the top of the frame body structure; one end of the lifting rope (12) is connected with the roller cam direct drive transmission mechanism, and the other end is provided with a rope hanger (13); the control system is distributed at each part of the intelligent pumping unit;

the front part of the machine base (1) is transversely provided with a weighted bearing beam, two bolts are embedded on two sides of the longitudinal center line on the cross beam, and a fine-adjustable hinged base is fixed on the bolts; the two corners at the rear part of the machine base (1) are provided with fixed seats;

the support body structure include: a frame (2) and two support rods (6); the frame (2) is 4 columns, the axis is pressed into a lattice type with a middle supporting variable cross-section pressure lever, the front surface is a herringbone frame, the two ends of the side surface are symmetrically reduced, the bottom of the frame is hinged with a hinged base at the front part of the machine base (1), and the frame with the free top end, the pressed axis and unequal cross sections and the lattice type upper part with the supporting is formed; a positive screw and a negative screw are arranged in the two ends of the two support rods (6); the top end screw rod is hinged with a connecting piece arranged at the upper part of the rack (2), the bottom end screw rod is fixedly connected with fixed seat screw caps at two corners at the rear part of the rack (2), and the rotary supporting rod (6) can adjust the front and back displacement of the upper end of the rack;

roller cam directly drives drive mechanism include: a cam (8), a head sheave (9), a synchronous belt (10) and a brake motor (11); two ends of a mandrel of the head sheave (9) are arranged at the top end of the rack (2) through a bearing bush type clamping seat, and the axis of the mandrel of the head sheave (9) and the axis of a cam (8) arranged at the upper part of the rack (2) are arranged at 90 degrees and are mutually meshed; the brake motor (11) is arranged at the upper part of the rack (2), the output end of the brake motor is connected with the input end of the cam (8) through a synchronous belt (10), and power is transmitted to the head sheave (9) through the synchronous belt (10) and the cam (8);

the balance structure comprises: the balance weight (4), the balance rope (5) and the guide rail (7); the guide rail (7) is vertically arranged at the rear part of the rack (2), the balance weight (4) is arranged on the guide rail (7), the lower end of the balance rope (5) is connected with the balance weight (4), the upper end of the balance rope is wound on the head sheave (9), and the head sheave (9) rotates to drive the balance rope (5) to pull the balance weight (4) to move up and down along the guide rail (7);

the upper end of the lifting rope (12) is wound on the head sheave (9), and the lower end of the lifting rope is connected with the oil rod through a rope hanger (13).

2. The intelligent pumping unit of claim 1, wherein a plurality of roller bodies (20) are equidistantly installed on the center line of the outer circumference of the head sheave (9); the roller body (20) engages with the groove of the cam (8).

3. The intelligent pumping unit of claim 1, wherein the rear end of the cam (8) is fixed with a hollow shaft flange (16); a push-pull bearing (22) is arranged in a hollow mandrel of the hollow shaft flange (16), the rear end of the mandrel is inserted into the tubular flange fixing seat (19), the pin shaft type force sensor (18) is transversely inserted into corresponding holes of the mandrel and the flange fixing seat (19), and the pin shaft type force sensor (18) bears the push-pull force of the cam (8); a roller bearing (21) which is positioned radially and moves axially is arranged outside the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft flange (16), and the roller bearing (21) is arranged in a bidirectional bearing seat (17); a spline shaft flange (15) is fixed at the front end of the cam (8), a spline shaft of the spline shaft flange (15) is inserted into a spline shaft hole output by a hollow spline at the upper part of a speed reduction bearing seat (14), a synchronous belt large belt wheel is arranged on an input shaft at the lower part of the speed reduction bearing seat (14), and the synchronous belt large belt wheel is connected with a small belt wheel of a permanent magnet synchronous brake motor (11) through a synchronous belt (10).

4. The intelligent pumping unit capable of running after being filled with oil according to claim 3, wherein the brake motor (11) is a permanent magnet synchronous brake motor and is electrically connected with an electric cabinet provided with a PLC industrial controller, a frequency converter and a solid-state relay.

5. The intelligent pumping unit capable of running after being filled with oil according to claim 1, wherein the base (1) is of a rectangular enclosure type integral reinforced concrete structure with the height of more than 1.2M, and the middle space of the base is convenient for the counterweight (4) to directly fall on the ground, so that the weight of the base (1) is reduced; the bottom of the front end of the machine base (1) is convex forward, and the height of the machine base is equal to the height of a well head soil platform.

6. The intelligent pumping unit of claim 1, wherein the control system comprises: a measurement and control cabinet (3) arranged on the base (1), a brake motor (11) arranged on the frame (2), an original point switch, a high point switch and a low point switch arranged on the guide rail (7), and a video monitoring, lighting and underground power supply; the equipment is electrically connected with a measurement and control cabinet (3), and the measurement and control cabinet (3) is internally provided with a remote automatic measurement and control system consisting of a high-function industrial controller PLC, a frequency converter, a solid-state relay, a digital power supply, a human-computer interface touch screen and network information transmission, a manual control system consisting of an AC contactor start-stop button and various electric appliance metering display instruments.

7. The intelligent pumping unit of claim 2, wherein the roller body (20) comprises: the device comprises an oil cup (23), a tapered opening sleeve (27), a roller taper shank shaft (28), a retainer ring (29), a roller (31), a roller (32) and a waterproof cover (33); the roller (32) is sleeved outside the roller taper shank shaft (28), and an elongated roller (31) is also arranged between the roller and the roller taper shank shaft; the upper part of the roller (31) is blocked and positioned by a retainer ring (29); a tapered opening sleeve (27) is sleeved on the upper part of the roller taper shank shaft (28), a flat pad (26) and a spring pad (25) are arranged on the roller taper shank shaft (28) on the upper part of the tapered opening sleeve (27), and the roller taper shank shaft is packaged through a screw cap (24); an oil cup (23) is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the roller taper shank shaft (28) through stainless steel cold welding, and the oil cup (23) is communicated with an oil circuit inside the roller taper shank shaft (28); the bottom of the roller body (20) is provided with a waterproof cover (33) which seals a gap between the roller taper handle shaft (28) and the roller (32); an oil seal (30) is arranged between the roller (32) and the retainer ring (29).

8. The intelligent pumping unit of claim 7, wherein the outer wall of the roller (32) is of a conical structure, the circumference of the top is chamfered, and the rear end has no taper.

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