CN110777879A - Method for intercepting and utilizing karst water on surface zone - Google Patents
Method for intercepting and utilizing karst water on surface zone Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110777879A CN110777879A CN201911114910.1A CN201911114910A CN110777879A CN 110777879 A CN110777879 A CN 110777879A CN 201911114910 A CN201911114910 A CN 201911114910A CN 110777879 A CN110777879 A CN 110777879A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- karst
- adit
- intercepting
- surface zone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/04—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from surface water
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for intercepting and utilizing karst water in a surface zone, which comprises the steps of digging a water interception adit in a runoff path of the karst water in the surface zone, intercepting the karst water in the surface zone from an upstream zone by using the adit, then collecting the intercepted karst water in the adit, automatically leading the collected karst water to a water storage device outside the adit, and utilizing the collected karst water for drinking water of people. The invention has lower cost, and can be permanently used after being once built; almost has no follow-up maintenance and operation cost, is economical and practical, can obtain relatively stable water volume with larger flow, has better water quality, and can ensure the safety problem of drinking water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for utilizing karst water on a surface layer, in particular to a method for intercepting and utilizing the karst water on the surface layer, and belongs to the technical field of water resource utilization.
Background
The karst environment binary structure is common in southern China, the underground and the earth surface develop simultaneously, and the underground structure is particularly complex. The high degree of karst causes the ground to leak seriously, and rainfall easily leaks and flows into underground system, and the hydrologic process is given priority to underground, forms the common "water is under, land and people's place are on" space mismatch pattern. The problem of water resource shortage is always the first problem to be solved and is also the first problem. Under the strong cutting action of river development, a plurality of peak-cluster mountain areas with deep valleys are formed in the area, surface water is mostly concentrated in the deep valleys, and cultivated land and villages are scattered in slope zones highly suspended in the valleys; the underground water level is buried more than one hundred meters deep, the development and utilization difficulty is high, and the water-saving underground water-saving water tank becomes a typical place which has no surface water, is difficult to utilize underground water, has the most serious.
The main current solutions to this type of regional water supply (human and animal drinking) are: a. and (5) carrying out graded water extraction from the deep-cut river valley. However, the water taking project and the water using cost are high (more than 10 yuan/ton) due to the large lift, and the water taking project and the water using cost are not affordable by common people and have poor economy. b. And (5) long-distance water transfer. Besides the high engineering construction cost and water consumption, the use problem of coordinating or purchasing a water source of a water taking point is solved, and the implementation difficulty is high; c. rainwater collection and storage and utilization. The method is also the most common method, farmers build the water cellar/water pool by themselves, roof rainwater is collected for storage and utilization (the special slope surface of the area generally hardly generates surface runoff, the runoff coefficient is small and is between 0.01% and 21.94%, and rainfall almost completely infiltrates in many places), but the water quality is poor, the potential health safety hazard is large, and the engineering construction cost is higher for hundreds of water ponds or water cellars in the whole village.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for intercepting and utilizing karst water in a surface zone, thereby solving the problem of difficult water drinking in karst regions.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for intercepting karst water in a surface zone for utilization comprises the following steps: cutting a horizontal cave in the runoff path with the surface zone karst water, intercepting the surface zone karst water from an upstream zone by using the horizontal cave, then collecting the intercepted surface zone karst water in the horizontal cave, automatically flowing to a water storage device outside the horizontal cave, and storing for drinking water.
The method for intercepting the karst water utilization of the surface zone comprises the following steps,
(1) in the zone with good surface zone karst water occurrence condition, selecting a proper position to cut a water interception adit, and intercepting the surface zone karst water from the upstream zone by using the adit;
(2) trimming and hardening the bottom of the footrill, and reserving a flow guide channel in the middle; the bottom of the adit is of a concave structure, the collecting surfaces at two sides incline towards the diversion trench, so that karst water on the surface layer is collected on the collecting surfaces at two sides and automatically flows out of the adit through the middle diversion trench;
(3) and a drainage tube and a reservoir are arranged outside the adit, and karst water flowing out of the adit from the adit is introduced into the reservoir through the drainage tube to be supplied to people for drinking water utilization.
As a preferable scheme, in the step (1), the thickness of the rock stratum above the position of the selected excavation horizontal cave is more than 200m, the vegetation coverage of trees and shrubs is good, and through observation, a karst cave and a corrosion crack appear after heavy rain, and water overflows from a gully developing along the joint zone.
In the method for intercepting the utilization of the karst water on the surface zone, as a preferred scheme, in the step (1), the axis of the intercepting adit is vertical to the trend of the rock stratum, the cross section of the adit is in a bow shape, and the adit bottom plate is inclined upwards at an angle of 2% along the advancing direction.
In the method for intercepting and utilizing karst water on the surface zone, as a preferable scheme, in the step (2), the bottom of the footrill is hardened by C15 concrete or above concrete, and the converging surfaces at the two sides are inclined to the diversion trench at an angle of 4%.
As a preferable scheme, in the step (3), a watertight ridge or a water-retaining wall is piled up at the adit, and a small water collecting pit is formed in front of the watertight ridge or the water-retaining wall, so that the karst water on the surface layer can flow into the water collecting pit and be slightly collected; the drainage tube is inserted into the lower part of the watertight ridge or the water retaining wall, and the collected karst water on the surface layer is led into the reservoir for the drinking water utilization of people.
In the method for intercepting and utilizing karst water in the surface zone, as a preferable scheme, in the step (3), a control gate valve is arranged at the water outlet end of the reservoir, and a plurality of water diversion pipelines are adopted to convey water in the reservoir to a water supply destination.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the karst water drinking device can effectively utilize karst water on the surface layer, avoids water resource waste and can effectively solve the problem of difficult water drinking in karst regions. The invention has lower cost, and can be permanently used after being once built; almost has no subsequent maintenance and operation cost, is economical and practical, can obtain relatively stable water quantity with larger flow, has better water quality, can supply drinking water for 500 people with 300 plus one year and ensures the drinking water safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention with a horizontal cut;
in the figure, 1-adit, 2-drainage tube, 3-water reservoir, 4-water supply tube, 5-village, 6-collecting surface and 7-diversion trench.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
Detailed Description
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, a method for intercepting the utilization of karst water in a surface zone. Take a certain area in Guizhou southwest as an example.
1. Implementing the environmental characteristics of the land: under the control of geological structure, ridge valley is formed in the district and extends in the northeast direction, the valley and the ridge are distributed alternately, the valley is narrow, the valley bottom is covered by a fourth system, and the valley bottom is an area in which villages and farmlands are distributed in a centralized manner in the district. The two sides of the trough valley are ridge-shaped mountain bodies extending in the north, east, south and west directions, the mountain bodies are thick and large, and the ridge-shaped mountain bodies are good in coverage for the growth of vegetation such as trees, shrubs and the like in a mountain-sealing forest-raising area. The engineering area and the adjacent area are farming areas, large towns and industrial mines with concentrated population are not provided, the economy in the areas is mainly agriculture, and the current ecological environment condition is good. Villages with more concentrated population are intensively distributed in slope foot and valley land of ridge-shaped mountain, and 600 people are in villages. The river valley is cut deeply, the river bed is 200m lower than the valley, and the development and utilization of river water are difficult. The water body on the surface is not distributed and is influenced by the river cut valley, and the buried depth of the underground water in the valley is more than 100 m. In general, regional surface engineering water shortage is severe, and human and animal drinking water is severe.
2. Hydrogeological condition overview: no obvious spring water is exposed in the area, and no ground surface and underground water source can be directly developed and utilized, but karst caves and corrosion cracks are frequently found in northern and western ridged mountain areas adjacent to village, and tiny water depths are occasionally found in gullies developed along joint zones. The local villager visit is reflected, the water quantity overflowing from the ground surface gully is large after rainstorm, but the time delay is short. The characteristics reflect the occurrence condition of karst water in the surface layer of the ridged mountain, and meanwhile, the vegetation of the mountain develops, which is beneficial to adjusting the infiltration of atmospheric precipitation to the ground and has better adjusting effect on the karst water in the surface layer.
3. Engineering scheme and implementation: the analysis result of the hydrogeological condition of the karst water system in the inner surface zone of the area is considered as follows: ridge-valley type surface karst water system with binary structure is formed in the area, and the surface karst zone has certain karst underground water occurrence conditions. Although no surface karst springs are exposed on the surface, engineering measures can be adopted in the runoff path of the surface karst water to intercept the surface karst water. For this purpose, the mining scheme is determined as follows:
(1) a horizontal cave 1 is dug in a gully zone of a mountain body measured in the northern and western provinces of villages, and a tunnel is used for intercepting karst water at a surface zone from an upstream zone. The axial line of the adit 1 is vertical to the direction of rock strata (namely the extending direction of a ridge), the cross section of the adit 1 is in a bow shape, the adit is as wide as possible under the condition that construction conditions permit, the height is about 1.5m, and the adit bottom plate is inclined upwards at an angle of 2 percent along the advancing direction.
(2) And (2) finishing and hardening the bottom of the adit 1, reserving a flow guide channel 7 with the width of 10cm and the depth of 2-3cm in the middle, wherein the bottom of the adit is of a concave structure with the depth of 10cm, and the collecting surfaces 6 at two sides are inclined towards the flow guide channel 7 at an angle of 4% during hardening, so that karst water on the surface layer is collected on the collecting surfaces 6 at two sides and flows out of the adit 1 automatically through the middle flow guide channel 7. The hardening material is C15 concrete or above concrete, and has a thickness of 3-5 cm.
(3) A drainage tube 2 and a drainage tube 300m are arranged outside the adit
3A rectangular water storage tank 3, wherein a watertight ridge or a water retaining wall with the height of about 30cm is piled up at the adit, and a small water collecting pit is formed in front of the watertight ridge or the water retaining wall, so that karst water on the surface layer can flow into the water collecting pit and be slightly collected; the drainage tube 2 is inserted into the lower part of the watertight ridge or the water retaining wall, and the karst water collected on the surface layer in the footrill is led into the reservoir 3 through the drainage tube 2 to be supplied for drinking water utilization. For convenient use, a control gate valve is arranged at the water outlet end of the water storage tank 3, and water in the water storage tank 1 is led out by a water supply pipe 4 to be used by people in village 5 for drinking water.
4. Engineering benefits are as follows: in the water diversion adit and water harvest period (5-9 months), adit cuts off the water diversion amount of 86-173 m
3(ii)/d, leveling period (4 months and 10-11 months) 43-69 m
317-26 m in dry season (12-3 months next year)
3And d. Even if the drinking water safety requirement is completely met in dry seasons.
The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described examples, and various changes made without departing from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for intercepting and utilizing karst water on a surface zone is characterized by comprising the following steps: cutting a horizontal cave in the runoff path with the surface zone karst water, intercepting the surface zone karst water from an upstream zone by using the horizontal cave, then collecting the intercepted surface zone karst water in the horizontal cave, automatically flowing to a water storage device outside the horizontal cave, and storing for drinking water.
2. The method of intercepting surface zone karst water utilization of claim 1, characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
(1) in the zone with good surface zone karst water occurrence condition, selecting a proper position to cut a water interception adit, and intercepting the surface zone karst water from the upstream zone by using the adit;
(2) trimming and hardening the bottom of the footrill, and reserving a flow guide channel in the middle; the bottom of the adit is of a concave structure, the collecting surfaces at two sides incline towards the diversion trench, so that karst water on the surface layer is collected on the collecting surfaces at two sides and automatically flows out of the adit through the middle diversion trench;
(3) and a drainage tube and a reservoir are arranged outside the adit, and karst water flowing out of the adit from the adit is introduced into the reservoir through the drainage tube to be supplied to people for drinking water utilization.
3. The method of intercepting surface zone karst water utilization of claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (1), the thickness of the rock stratum above the position of the selected excavation horizontal cave is more than 200m, the vegetation cover of trees and shrubs is good, and through observation, a karst cave and a karst fissure are seen after rainstorm, and water overflows from a gully developed along a joint zone.
4. The method of intercepting surface zone karst water utilization of claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (1), the axis of the intercepting adit is vertical to the direction of the rock stratum, the cross section of the adit is in a bow shape, and the adit bottom plate is inclined upwards at an angle of 2% along the advancing direction.
5. The method of intercepting surface zone karst water utilization of claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (2), the bottom of the adit is hardened by C15 concrete or above concrete, and the converging surfaces at the two sides are inclined to the diversion trench according to an angle of 4%.
6. The method of intercepting surface zone karst water utilization of claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (3), a watertight ridge or a water retaining wall is piled up at the adit, and a small water collecting pit is formed in front of the watertight ridge or the water retaining wall, so that karst water on the surface layer can flow into the water collecting pit and be slightly collected; the drainage tube is inserted into the lower part of the watertight ridge or the water retaining wall, and the collected karst water on the surface layer is led into the reservoir for the drinking water utilization of people.
7. The method of intercepting surface zone karst water utilization of claim 6, characterized in that: and (3) arranging a control gate valve at the water outlet end of the reservoir, and conveying water in the reservoir to a water supply destination by adopting a plurality of water guide pipelines.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911114910.1A CN110777879A (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Method for intercepting and utilizing karst water on surface zone |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911114910.1A CN110777879A (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Method for intercepting and utilizing karst water on surface zone |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110777879A true CN110777879A (en) | 2020-02-11 |
Family
ID=69391235
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911114910.1A Pending CN110777879A (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Method for intercepting and utilizing karst water on surface zone |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110777879A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2523640A1 (en) * | 1982-03-17 | 1983-09-23 | Bochum Hydraulik Schlauchtech | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE LEVEL OF A GALLERY |
| CN103882908A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-06-25 | 贵州师范大学 | Method for utilizing water resources in karst regions |
| CN206873466U (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-01-12 | 三峡大学 | One kind is used for footrill flume section safeguard structure |
| CN208430617U (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2019-01-25 | 云南省地质环境监测院 | A kind of surface layer karst source decompression Antiseepage water storage facility |
| CN109868878A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-06-11 | 贵州正业工程技术投资有限公司 | A kind of large size Karst depression hydrophobic structure and its construction method |
-
2019
- 2019-11-14 CN CN201911114910.1A patent/CN110777879A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2523640A1 (en) * | 1982-03-17 | 1983-09-23 | Bochum Hydraulik Schlauchtech | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE LEVEL OF A GALLERY |
| CN103882908A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-06-25 | 贵州师范大学 | Method for utilizing water resources in karst regions |
| CN206873466U (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-01-12 | 三峡大学 | One kind is used for footrill flume section safeguard structure |
| CN208430617U (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2019-01-25 | 云南省地质环境监测院 | A kind of surface layer karst source decompression Antiseepage water storage facility |
| CN109868878A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-06-11 | 贵州正业工程技术投资有限公司 | A kind of large size Karst depression hydrophobic structure and its construction method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 吴孔运等: "喀斯特石漠化地区生态恢复重建技术及其成果的价值评估――以广西平果县果化示范区为例 ", 《地球与环境》 * |
| 覃换勋等: "喀斯特石漠化农村水资源开发利用与干旱应急调度研究――以毕节撒拉溪示范区朝营小流域为例 ", 《贵州科学》 * |
| 高渐飞等: "基于极度干旱的喀斯特高原山地与峡谷水资源优化配置方式对比――以贵州花江峡谷南岸和毕节朝营小流域为例 ", 《节水灌溉》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108035397B (en) | Collecting method and irrigation system suitable for rock surface runoff in karst region | |
| Jones | Subsurface flow and subsurface erosion: further evidence on forms and controls | |
| Drew | The hydrology of the Burren, county Clare | |
| Delgado-Martin et al. | Four years of continuous monitoring of the Meirama end-pit lake and its impact in the definition of future uses | |
| Bloyd | Water resources of the Antelope Valley-East Kern Water Agency area, California | |
| CN110777879A (en) | Method for intercepting and utilizing karst water on surface zone | |
| Yechezkel et al. | The Shaft Tunnel of the Biar aqueduct of Jerusalem: Architecture, hydrology, and dating | |
| Limaye | Aquifer recharge management for sustainable water supply in semi-arid, hard rock region of western India | |
| Joodi et al. | Design of check dam for effective utilization of the Aflaj water resources | |
| Strange | The Sepphoris Aqueducts.” | |
| Kahraman | Water Receding in Burdur Lake and Solution Proposals/Burdur Gölü’nde Su Çekilmesi ve Çözüm Önerileri | |
| Stevanovic | Case study: Intake of the Bolje Sestre karst spring for the regional water supply of the Montenegro coastal area | |
| Al-Rawas et al. | Construction problems in traditional irrigation systems: A case study from the Aflaj of Oman | |
| Karnieli et al. | The effect of urbanization in an arid region: Formation of a perched water table that causes environmental damages | |
| Davies | Subsurface drainage for sustainable urban development | |
| Burgetová | Monastic Water Systems | |
| Maiko et al. | Studying the Experience of Solving Water Supply Problems in the Medieval Crimea (Sudak XIV–XV Centuries) | |
| Showalter et al. | Design of a ground-water-quality monitoring network for the Salinas River basin, California | |
| Director et al. | Dorstfontein West–Hydrogeological Investigation Scoping Report | |
| Chowdhury et al. | Water Budgeting and Methods of Rainwater Harvesting in North Eastern Hill Region of India | |
| Rice-Snow et al. | Terrain factors in Capitan aquifer recharge, northeastern Guadalupe escarpment, New Mexico | |
| Slotta | Summary report concerning water resources and water quality impacts related to geothermal activities in Oregon | |
| Johnson | Cuts, leats and races | |
| ISSAR et al. | The Effect of Urbanization in an Arid Region" Formation of a Perched Water Table That Causes Environmental Damages | |
| Snyder | Hydrology of stock-water development in the Ely Grazing District, Nevada |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200211 |