CN110775997A - 一种蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂及其制备技术 - Google Patents
一种蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂及其制备技术 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂及其制备技术,以天然片状矿物蛇纹石为载体矿物原料,采用直接沉淀法,第1是按质量比4:1称取六水硝酸锌和蛇纹石矿物原料粉末,在蒸馏水中搅拌混合得到六水硝酸锌‑蛇纹石混合液体;第2按六水硝酸锌和碳酸钠摩尔比1:1:1.5~3.5称取碳酸钠,溶于蒸馏水后加入前混合液体中,搅拌得到前驱体碳酸锌‑蛇纹石混合液体;第3是离心洗涤去除混合液体中杂质,得到前驱体碳酸锌‑蛇纹石混合物;第4是烘干混合物,温度105℃,时间3h~6h;第5是焙烧前烘干物料,升温速率10℃~15℃/min,焙烧温度350℃~550℃,保温1h~3h,即得到蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂。效果明显,安全性好,工艺简单,推广应用容易,用途广泛,社会经济效益显著。
Description
1、技术领域
本发明涉及一种蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂及其制备技术,采用直接沉淀法法使纳米ZnO包覆在天然片状矿物蛇纹石表面,得到蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂,适用于抗紫外材料或紫外屏蔽材料领域。
2、背景技术
2.1紫外线概念
紫外线(Ultraviolet,简称UV)是一种波长为200nm~400nm的电磁波。太阳光中的紫外线,根据波长的不同可分为长波紫外线UVA(320~400nm)、中波紫外线UVB(280~320nm)和短波紫外线UVC(200~280nm)三个区段。适当的阳光照射可以提高机体细胞含氧量,降低血糖和胆固醇含量,增强人体活力。但过度久晒暴晒,就容易诱发和加重多种皮肤病,如晒斑、雀斑、座疮等,严重时还会损害机体内脏器官。现将紫外线各区段的基本特点整理如表1所示。
表1紫外线的分类及特点
短波紫外线UVC被臭氧层吸收,达不到地面,对人体无作用。中波紫外线UVB的能量最高,极大部分被皮肤真皮吸收,引起真皮血管扩张,呈红肿、水泡等症状。如果长久受到UVB照射会导致皮肤出现红斑、炎症、皮肤老化,严重的会引起皮肤癌。由于日常生活中,肌肤接触到的紫外线95%以上为UVA,其穿透力强,会引起皮肤光致老化,导致皮肤癌,近年来UVA也逐渐引起人们的关注。
紫外线不仅对人的身体产生危害,其对涂料、塑料、油墨及其他高分子材料也有一定的损害和老化作用,使高分子材料产生失光、褪色、黄变、开裂、脱皮、脆化、粉化、强度降低及分层等现象。即使是室内的光及通过玻璃窗透射的太阳光也都会使一些材料老化。
由此可见,紫外线对人们身体健康和高分子材料等都有不可忽视的危害作用,因此抗紫外剂或紫外屏蔽材料的研究与应用具有重要的实际意义。
2.2紫外屏蔽材料的研究与技术现状
自从紫外线的危害被人类发现以来,人们开始采取一定的手段来屏蔽紫外线。用于人体皮肤保护的紫外屏蔽材料主要有两类:一类是抗紫外纺织品,包括防晒衣、防晒帽、防晒手套以及防晒伞等等。一类是抗紫外涂剂,主要是日常生活中使用的防晒护肤品或化妆品,它是利用抗紫外防晒剂(有机或无机)相互配合或是与其他成分进行复配,制成膏状或液态半液态制品。用于高分子材料保护的紫外屏蔽材料主要是具有紫外屏蔽功能的填料,但这方面的研究还比较薄弱。
护肤品或化妆品中的抗紫外剂是指能有效地吸收或散射太阳辐射,可以减低对皮肤伤害的物质,它可以有效地吸收或散射太阳光中的长波紫外线(UVA)和中波紫外线(UVB)。按其防护作用机理可分为物理防晒剂和化学防晒剂,通常又分别称之为无机防晒剂和有机防晒剂。
化学防晒剂(有机防晒剂)也称为紫外线吸收剂,主要是指能吸收有伤害作用的紫外辐射的有机化合物。其中,叔丁基甲氧基二苯甲酰甲烷是目前防晒化妆品中最具代表性的UVA段紫外线吸收剂,甲氧基肉桂酸异辛酯是目前防晒化妆品中使用最广泛的UVB段紫外线吸收剂。但是,有机防晒剂往往在耐热性、稳定性、紫外吸收范围、毒副性等方面需要严格把关,它只在单一波段起作用(UVA或UVB),并且在光的作用下还可能分解并失去防晒效果,有效作用时间短。与之相比之下,无机防晒剂(物理防晒剂)则要更稳定更安全,它们在少量吸收紫外线的同时主要通过散射紫外线光线来达到防晒目的。由于无机防晒剂具有高效性、安全性、持久性等优点,被越来越广泛的使用。
目前的无机防晒剂(物理防晒剂)主要是TiO2和ZnO,它们均为半导体材料,TiO2主要针对UVB防护,ZnO则主要屏蔽UVA。但二者的防晒和紫外屏蔽效果均与它们的颗粒尺寸大小或纳米效应有着密切的关系。前人的研究结果表明,当二者为纳米颗粒时,即TiO2粒径为30~50nm(祖庸等,1998)和ZnO粒径为10~35nm时,表现出突出的纳米效应,具有优异的防晒紫外屏蔽效果(姚超等,2003)。
纳米ZnO作为一种广泛使用的物理防晒剂,它屏蔽紫外线的原理是吸收和散射紫外线,由于具有粒径小、比表面积大、稳定性好、刺激性小等特点;除了具有良好的紫外屏蔽性能,还具有安全性、稳定性、耐热性和一定的抗菌性等优点,所以近年来在防晒护肤品或化妆品领域得到了广泛的应用。
但是,由于纳米ZnO具有极性弱和纳米颗粒十分微小的特性,表面能高,使纳米颗粒处于热力学非稳定状态,趋向于团聚,从而限制其纳米效应和紫外屏蔽效果的发挥。并且,在护肤品或化妆品制造过程中,纳米ZnO粒子难以分散到原始粒径,在UVA、UVB、UVC波段的紫外吸收效果降低,其透明性和紫外屏蔽性能不能充分发挥,在实际应用中作为防晒剂的效果不佳。概括起来,纳米ZnO作为一种无机防晒剂,目前还存在以下主要问题:
(1)团聚问题:纳米ZnO的表面能高,颗粒趋向于团聚。
(2)分层问题:防晒产品的乳化剂密度约为0.96-1.1g/cm3,而纳米ZnO的密度约为5.6g/cm3,所以当高密度的纳米ZnO掺入乳化剂时,很容易沉淀,产生分层现象。这种分层现象大大限制了纳米ZnO材料的使用效能,不能直接与普通化妆品混合使用。如果单独使用,也会与分散液产生分层现象,必须充分摇匀才能使用。这不仅给使用者带来不便,而且增大了使用成本。
(3)健康问题:防晒产品中的纳米ZnO容易聚集在人体皮肤角质层、毛囊皮脂腺开口处和皱纹处,由于人面部毛孔大小一般在20μm,所以过多使用容易堵塞皮肤毛孔,不利于汗液的分泌,容易引起皮肤感染。而且,微量锌还可能经皮肤吸收进入血液,这对人体健康、尤其是晒伤和皮肤受损患者是非常不利的。
(4)美观问题:由于纳米ZnO的团聚作用,抹在皮肤上可能会产生不自然发白现象,影响了美观效果。
(5)环境问题:Zn2+的溶解和活性氧的产生可能对环境和生态系统有一定的影响,而且不容易回收利用。
(6)价格问题:由于纳米ZnO不能直接与普通化妆品混合使用,为了克服单独使用时分散液产生分层现象,在实际使用中必须采用小型特殊的容器和装置,大大增加了物理防晒产品生产和使用成本,使该类产品的市场格普遍偏高,限制了它的用量。
2.3纳米ZnO的制备技术现状
根据原料的状态和制备工艺不同,纳米ZnO的制备方法主要有液相法、固相法和气相法三类。其中气相法由于反应条件苛刻、生产成本高、产品纯度低等缺点不适合被广泛应用。目前制备纳米ZnO主要采用液相法和固相法,其主要优缺点如表2所示。
表2纳米ZnO主要制备方法的优点和缺点
2.4矿物负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂的研究技术现状
解决纳米ZnO团聚、分层等问题,可从两方面入手:一是采用一定的制备方法,对纳米ZnO进行改性,对纳米ZnO形貌进行调控等;一是将矿物作为载体来负载纳米ZnO。前人的主要研究进展如下:
US 6086666公开了一种采用水解沉淀法制备片状矿物负载纳米ZnO抗紫外材料的方法,其特征是在一定反应温度下把锌源和沉淀剂加入矿物的水溶液中进行反应,一定时间后进行过滤烘干煅烧,得到抗紫外复合材料,其中的片状材料可以是白云母、绢云母、滑石、高岭石。
CN 104017393A公开了一种采用直接沉淀法制备纳米ZnO包覆绢云母粉复合材料的方法,其特征是在水溶液体系中,通过向绢云母粉与硫酸锌溶液混合体系中加入氢氧化钙或氧化钙,直接获取纳米ZnO包覆绢云母粉复合材料。所得的复合材料在有机溶剂中具有良好的分散性,同时具有优异的抗紫外性能及抗菌除臭的性能。
龚兆卓,郑水林等(2017)提及采用水解沉淀法在蛇纹石表面包覆纳米ZnO,制备纳米ZnO/锻烧高岭土复合抗紫外粉体材料,在适宜的制备条件即包覆量为8%,反应温度90℃,改性时间10min,矿浆浓度10:1,煅烧温度是400℃时,该复合粉体材料具有良好的抗紫外性能。
从以上介绍可知,目前关于矿物负载纳米ZnO抗紫外剂所采用的制备方法主要为液相法中的水解沉淀法,其中万斌等(2014)采用直接沉淀法制备纳米ZnO包覆绢云母粉复合材料。但是,根据发明人的检索,目前还没有采用直接沉淀法制备蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂的技术成果报道。
3、技术方案
本发明的目的是,以具层状结构的天然片状矿物蛇纹石为原料,通过负载纳米ZnO,制备一种复合抗紫外剂或紫外屏蔽材料,以克服现有纳米ZnO易团聚、易分层、分散性差等问题,提高防晒和紫外屏蔽性能,提高美观效果、防止发白现象,提高使用效能、降低使用成本。为实现以上目的,必须解决以下技术问题:
(1)载体矿物原料的选择:层状结构硅酸盐矿物种类很多,选择条件是:具有层状结构,并具有二维习性结晶,矿物晶体主要为细小鳞片状,无毒无害,矿物原料比较丰富。
(2)纳米ZnO制备方法的选择:如表2所示,目前的几种方法各有优点和缺点,本发明制备方法的选择条件是:无毒无害,方便可行,效果良好。
(3)纳米ZnO的直接沉淀法制备工艺:在(2)的工作基础上,进一步实验确定直接沉淀法制备纳米ZnO的工艺条件。
(4)蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂的制备工艺:在(3)的工作基础上,进一步实验确定采用直接沉淀法制备蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂的工艺条件。
具体技术方案如下:
3.1载体矿物原料的选择
蛇纹石是一种1:1型三八面体的层状结构镁硅酸盐矿物,晶体化学式为Mg6[Si4O10](OH)8,理论化学成分为MgO 43.64%,SiO2 43.36%和H2O 13.0%。蛇纹石为单斜晶系,其晶体结构由一层[SiO4]四面体和一层[MgO6]八面体构成,具典型的1:1型层状结构,油脂光泽,有时为玻璃或腊状,而且无毒无害,化学性质稳定,符合作为纳米ZnO载体矿物的要求。
需要说明的是,蛇纹石包括叶蛇纹石、纤蛇纹石和利蛇纹石三个同质多像变体。受晶体层状结构的制约,叶蛇纹石一般呈叶片状或鳞片状;蛇纹石晶体结构中[SiO4]四面体层和
[MgO6]八面体层的弯曲可导致其形态改变,利蛇纹石的晶体结构呈波纹状,纤蛇纹石结晶习性为纤维状。
图1是本发明所采用蛇纹石样品的X射线粉晶衍射图(XRD),可以看出,该蛇纹石的衍射峰较尖锐,说明原料蛇纹石晶体结构完整,结晶状态良好,与利蛇纹石标准卡片(PDF:50-1625)基本一致,其特征峰为:而且,在XRD谱图上几乎没有杂质峰出现,说明蛇纹石样品纯度很高。
3.2纳米ZnO制备方法的选择
根据相关文献,本发明采用表2所示的五种方法,在其优化条件下分别制备了纳米ZnO,并采用紫外-可见光分光度仪进一步检测分析了它们的紫外屏蔽性能,结果如图2所示。
根据本发明的目的和要求,抗紫外剂或紫外屏蔽材料既要保证其紫外区有较高的吸光度,又要使其可见光区透过率高。从图2可知,由于工业ZnO的颗粒较粗,紫外屏蔽性能差,不符合要求。目前国内产品区分抗紫外线效果好坏的标准按其紫外屏蔽率分为:a级,紫外线屏蔽率大于90%;b级,紫外线屏蔽率80%~90%;c级,紫外线屏蔽率50%~80%。抗紫外剂或紫外屏蔽材料一般应选a级为宜。如图2所示,由于直接沉淀法制备的纳米ZnO的紫外线屏蔽率大于90%,属a级,符合本发明的要求。
3.3纳米ZnO的直接沉淀法制备工艺
本发明进一步实验确定直接沉淀法制备纳米ZnO的工艺条件,具体如下:
(1)制备前驱体碳酸锌液体:按六水硝酸锌和碳酸钠摩尔比1:1.5~3.5称取一定质量的六水硝酸锌(Zn(NO3)2·6H2O)和碳酸钠(Na2CO3),分别溶于一定量的蒸馏水中,将六水硝酸锌水溶液磁力搅拌10min后,再将碳酸钠水溶液加入到六水硝酸锌水溶液中,继续磁力搅拌30min~40min,得到前驱体碳酸锌液体;
(2)洗涤除杂:采用离心洗涤装置,将前驱体碳酸锌液体进行离心洗涤,两遍蒸馏水洗涤,两遍无水乙醇洗涤,去除杂质,得到前驱体碳酸锌物料;
(3)烘干物料:将洗涤除杂后的前驱体碳酸锌物料移入烘干装置中,烘干温度为105℃,烘干时间3h~6h;
(4)焙烧合成:采用焙烧装置,在空气环境中,以10℃~15℃/min升温速率,将烘干后的前驱体碳酸锌物料加热至350℃~550℃,保温1h~3h,即得到纳米ZnO粉体。
图3是直接沉淀法制备的纳米ZnO的X射线粉晶衍射图,可以看出,在3 0°~40°衍射角范围内出现了峰形尖锐且强度较高的三个标准强峰,即 这与纳米ZnO标准PDF卡片(36-1451)是基本重合的。考虑到整个角度衍射范围内出现的特征峰都较为尖锐,说明本纳米ZnO样品的晶型较好,结晶较为完整。同时,衍射图谱中未出现与标准卡片无法对应的杂峰,说明样品的纯度较高。
图4是直接沉淀法制备的纳米ZnO的扫描电镜分析相片,可以看出,纳米ZnO粉体晶粒呈球状或类球状,具有纳米颗粒特征,颗粒大小为30nm~50nm,但出现较明显的团聚现象。
3.4蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂的制备工艺
在以上工作基础上,进一步实验确定采用直接沉淀法制备蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂的工艺条件,具体如下:
(1)制备六水硝酸锌-蛇纹石混合液体:按质量比4:1分别称取一定质量的六水硝酸锌(Zn(NO3)2·6H2O)和蛇纹石矿物原料粉末,先将六水硝酸锌溶于一定量的蒸馏水中,磁力搅拌10min,再将蛇纹石粉末加入其中,磁力搅拌30min,得到六水硝酸锌-蛇纹石混合液体;
(2)制备前驱体碳酸锌-蛇纹石混合液体:按六水硝酸锌和碳酸钠摩尔比1:1.5~3.5称取一定质量的碳酸钠(Na2CO3),先溶于一定量的蒸馏水中,再将碳酸钠水溶液加入到六水硝酸锌-蛇纹石混合液体中,继续磁力搅拌30min~40min,得到前驱体碳酸锌(ZnCO3)-蛇纹石混合液体;
(3)洗涤除杂:采用离心洗涤装置,离心洗涤前驱体碳酸锌-蛇纹石混合液体,两遍蒸馏水洗涤,两遍无水乙醇洗涤,去除杂质,得到前驱体碳酸锌-蛇纹石混合物;
(4)烘干物料:将洗涤除杂后的前驱体碳酸锌-蛇纹石混合物移入烘干装置中,烘干温度为105℃,烘干时间3h~6h;
(5)焙烧负载:采用焙烧装置,在空气环境中,以10℃~15℃/min升温速率,将烘干后的前驱体碳酸锌-蛇纹石混合物加热至350℃~550℃,保温1h~3h,即得到蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂。
4、技术优势
(1)效果明显。本发明以蛇纹石为载体,采用直接沉淀法,制备了一种蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂,其复合材料比单独制备的纳米ZnO具有更好的抗紫外性能或紫外屏蔽性能,在溶剂中分散性更好,而且对可见光有较高的透过率,解决了纳米ZnO的团聚、分层、美观等问题。
(2)安全性好。本发明使用的蛇纹石为天然矿物,无毒无污染。制备纳米ZnO过程中使用的原料试剂也均无毒,安全可靠。
(3)工艺简单。本发明所使用的直接沉淀法法操作简单,工作方便。
(4)推广应用容易。本发明工艺简单,操作方便,容易学习掌握和推广应用。
(5)用途广泛,经济社会效益显著。随着人们逐渐认识到紫外线对人体的危害,抗紫外材料越来越受到人们的关注,尤其是相比于化学抗紫外剂,物理抗
紫外剂更加安全稳定。本发明制备的蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂较好解决了当前纳米ZnO的团聚等技术问题,对于抗紫外材料行业的发展有重要意义,具有广阔的应用前景和显著的经济社会效益。
5、附图说明
图1:本发明所采用的蛇纹石样品的X射线粉晶衍射谱图。
图2:不同方法制备的纳米ZnO的紫外屏蔽性能(Abs-吸光度、T-紫外屏蔽率)。
图3:直接沉淀法制备的纳米ZnO的X射线粉晶衍射谱图。
图4:直接沉淀法制备的纳米ZnO的扫描电镜分析相片。
图5:蛇纹石(a)和蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO抗紫外剂(b)的扫描电镜分析相片。
图6:蛇纹石、纳米ZnO和蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂的X射线粉晶衍射谱图。
图7:蛇纹石、工业ZnO、纳米ZnO、蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂的紫外-可见光光谱对比图(Abs-吸光度、T-紫外屏蔽率)。
6、具体实施方式
实例1:一种蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂及其制备技术
以天然片状矿物蛇纹石为载体矿物原料,该蛇纹石矿物原料为蛇纹石矿物集合体(图1),晶体呈不规则的鳞片状,鳞片大小为0.2μm~2μm(图5a),采用直接沉淀法制备蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂,其制备工艺按如下5个步骤进行:
(1)制备六水硝酸锌-蛇纹石混合液体:按质量比4:1分别称取一定质量的六水硝酸锌(Zn(NO3)2·6H2O)和蛇纹石矿物原料粉末,先将六水硝酸锌溶于一定量的蒸馏水中,磁力搅拌10min,再将蛇纹石粉末加入其中,磁力搅拌30min,得到六水硝酸锌-蛇纹石混合液体;
(2)制备前驱体碳酸锌-蛇纹石混合液体:按六水硝酸锌和碳酸钠摩尔比1:1:1.5~3.5称取一定质量的碳酸钠(Na2CO3),先溶于一定量的蒸馏水中,再将碳酸钠水溶液加入到六水硝酸锌-蛇纹石混合液体中,继续磁力搅拌30min~40min,得到前驱体碳酸锌(ZnCO3)-蛇纹石混合液体;
(3)洗涤除杂:采用离心洗涤装置,离心洗涤前驱体碳酸锌-蛇纹石混合液体,两遍蒸馏水洗涤,两遍无水乙醇洗涤,去除杂质,得到前驱体碳酸锌-蛇纹石混合物;
(4)烘干物料:将洗涤除杂后的前驱体碳酸锌-蛇纹石混合物移入烘干装置中,烘干温度为105℃,烘干时间3h~6h;
(5)焙烧负载:采用焙烧装置,在空气环境中,以10℃~15℃/min升温速率,将烘干后的前驱体碳酸锌-蛇纹石混合物加热至350℃~550℃,保温1h~3h,即得到蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂。
检测结果表明,按本实例方法所得到的蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂具有如下特征:
(1)图5是蛇纹石、纳米ZnO和蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂的X射线粉晶衍射图,结合SEM扫描电镜相片,由于蛇纹石被纳米ZnO包覆,其复合抗紫外剂中蛇纹石的衍射峰不明显,与蛇纹石和纳米ZnO相比,蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂的XRD图中由于未见新峰产生,说明二者系物理复合。
(2)图6是蛇纹石(a)和蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO抗紫外剂(b)的的扫描电镜分析(SEM)相片,可以看出,蛇纹石鳞片表面负载着纳米ZnO颗粒,粒度分布较均匀,呈球状,大小在30nm~50nm左右,明显改善了团聚现象。
(3)图7是蛇纹石、工业ZnO、纳米ZnO、蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂的紫外-可见光光谱对比图,可以看出:第一,蛇纹石和工业ZnO的抗紫外性能都较差,不符合抗紫外剂性能要求。第二,与工业ZnO相比,纳米ZnO的紫外区吸光度明显增加,抗紫外性能优良,紫外屏蔽率可以达到95%,可见光区的透过率较低,说明白度较工业ZnO降低。第三,与纳米ZnO相比,蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO抗紫外剂在紫外区的吸光度又进一步提高,紫外屏蔽率接近99%,说明其抗紫外性能优异,并且对可见光的透过率也优于制备的纳米ZnO,说明其透明性好。
以上检测结果表明,本发明实施例得到的蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂能克服现有纳米ZnO易团聚等技术问题,明显提高了纳米ZnO的抗紫外或紫外屏蔽材料性能,具有良好的市场前景和社会经济效益。
基金项目:本工作为国家自然科学基金项目(41972039,41572038)、四川省教育厅资助科研项目(16TD0011)资助。
Claims (1)
1.一种蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂及其制备技术,以天然片状矿物蛇纹石为载体矿物原料,采用直接沉淀法制备蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂,其特征是:
(1)制备六水硝酸锌-蛇纹石混合液体:按质量比4:1分别称取一定质量的六水硝酸锌(Zn(NO3)2·6H2O)和蛇纹石矿物原料粉末,先将六水硝酸锌溶于一定量的蒸馏水中,磁力搅拌10min,再将蛇纹石粉末加入其中,磁力搅拌30min,得到六水硝酸锌-蛇纹石混合液体;
(2)制备前驱体碳酸锌-蛇纹石混合液体:按六水硝酸锌和碳酸钠摩尔比1:1.5~3.5称取一定质量的碳酸钠(Na2CO3),先溶于一定量的蒸馏水中,再将碳酸钠水溶液加入到六水硝酸锌-蛇纹石混合液体中,继续磁力搅拌30min~40min,得到前驱体碳酸锌(ZnCO3)-蛇纹石混合液体;
(3)洗涤除杂:采用离心洗涤装置,离心洗涤前驱体碳酸锌-蛇纹石混合液体,两遍蒸馏水洗涤,两遍无水乙醇洗涤,去除杂质,得到前驱体碳酸锌-蛇纹石混合物;
(4)烘干物料:将洗涤除杂后的前驱体碳酸锌-蛇纹石混合物移入烘干装置中,烘干温度为105℃,烘干时间3h~6h;
(5)焙烧负载:采用焙烧装置,在空气环境中,以10℃~15℃/min升温速率,将烘干后的前驱体碳酸锌-蛇纹石混合物加热至350℃~550℃,保温1h~3h,即得到蛇纹石负载纳米ZnO复合抗紫外剂。
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