CN110775787A - Cordless elevator driven by linear switch reluctance motor - Google Patents

Cordless elevator driven by linear switch reluctance motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110775787A
CN110775787A CN201911221082.1A CN201911221082A CN110775787A CN 110775787 A CN110775787 A CN 110775787A CN 201911221082 A CN201911221082 A CN 201911221082A CN 110775787 A CN110775787 A CN 110775787A
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China
Prior art keywords
linear
car
power supply
reluctance motor
stator
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CN201911221082.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
柯捷
郭振军
朱昌洪
张余明
邓维
刘洪林
董光光
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Guilin University of Aerospace Technology
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Guilin University of Aerospace Technology
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Priority to CN201911221082.1A priority Critical patent/CN110775787A/en
Publication of CN110775787A publication Critical patent/CN110775787A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/04Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
    • B66B11/0407Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals actuated by an electrical linear motor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/34Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • H02K41/03Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a cordless elevator driven by a linear switch reluctance motor, and relates to the technical field of elevators. The elevator shaft wall is internally and fixedly provided with the linear guide rail, and the linear guide rail is slidably provided with the lift car; the power supply device comprises a power supply guide rail and an elastic electric brush, and the power supply guide rail is vertically and fixedly arranged in the elevator shaft wall. An elastic electric brush is fixedly arranged on the lift car and is matched and corresponding to the power supply guide rail. The motor is a linear switch reluctance motor which comprises a stator and a rotor, and the stator is fixedly arranged in the elevator shaft wall along the length direction of the linear guide rail. The rotor is fixedly arranged on the lift car, the stator and the rotor are matched and correspond to each other, and the rotor can slide in the stator. The top and the bottom of the car are respectively and fixedly provided with a locking device, and the locking device can be mutually locked and fastened. The invention has low cost, and the split stator is embedded into the wall body, and the structure is safe and reliable.

Description

Cordless elevator driven by linear switch reluctance motor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of elevators, in particular to a cordless elevator driven by a linear switch reluctance motor.
Background
With the popularization of surface high-rise buildings and the exploitation of underground deep mines, the height range of the lift car required to be carried out is continuously enlarged, and the defects of the common steel wire dragging type elevator structure gradually appear: the elevator shaft occupies a large building space, but only one car can work due to the existence of the dragging steel wire, so that the problems of low working efficiency and long waiting time of passengers are caused; the traction steel wire is influenced by the dead weight of the traction steel wire, a traction limit height exists, traction work cannot be finished after the traction limit height is reached, and the application of the super-high-rise building elevator is limited.
In recent years, numerous methods have been proposed by the broad scholars for the application of linear motors to cordless elevators, such as: patent CN102153008A discloses a linear motor arrangement method for a cordless elevator, which adopts two U-shaped linear motors with a bilateral structure as the driving sources of the elevator, and arranges the two U-shaped linear motors on one side or two sides of a car to form a cordless elevator with a backpack or balanced structure. The included angle between the axes of the two U-shaped linear motors can be any angle between 0 degree and 360 degrees, and the upper air gap g1 and the lower air gap g2 of the U-shaped linear motors are not more than g 2. By adopting the motor arrangement method provided by the invention, the double U-shaped permanent magnet linear motor inhibits the normal attraction born by the moving part of the elevator, reduces the mechanical strength of the installation foundation, the lift car and the positioning and braking device of the cordless elevator, reduces the weight of the moving part of the elevator and improves the effective load. It proposes to use U-shaped permanent magnets, double-sided air gaps and a "backpack" structure to overcome the problem of side-tipping during motion, but still has the following problems: 1. the permanent magnet motor is adopted, no matter the primary or the secondary adopts a permanent magnet structure, the other one needs to adopt a copper winding structure, the price of the permanent magnet and the copper is not very good, and the elevator is high in cost and difficult to popularize due to the use of a large amount of rare earth or copper; 2. the application of permanent magnet in the elevator has the potential safety hazard, and when the permanent magnet takes place demagnetization, corrosion, elevator power became invalid, and the improper emergence of protection falls easily.
The induction type linear motor is adopted as a cordless elevator driving system to have the advantage of reliable structure, however, in the cordless elevator system, the counterweight can not be added like a dragging type elevator to offset the self weight of a car, so that the linear motor for the elevator has the function of quickly switching a motor and a generator from the energy-saving perspective so as to realize the operation of the motor when the elevator ascends; when the generator descends, the generator operates; the induction motor has no four-quadrant switching operation condition, and thus the operation cost increases.
The linear switch reluctance motor has the advantages of low cost, robustness and good reliability in long secondary (primary) application; the requirement of long secondary (primary) of the linear motor for the elevator is met. Patent publication No. CN102882347A provides a switched reluctance motor of discrete magnetic conduction block type, and its winding is concentrated winding, has solved the problem of traditional structure switched reluctance motor inslot interphase insulation, yoke portion magnetic circuit overlength, but still has following problem: the windings are inserted into the rotor slots from the upper part and are penetrated out from the rotor slots from the lower part, when a certain phase of winding is electrified, loop magnetic fields formed by the upper and lower conductors are overlapped on the yoke part of the rotor, so that the magnetic density of the yoke part is over saturated, or the thickness of the yoke part needs to be increased, the volume of the rotor is increased, and materials are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cordless elevator driven by a linear switch reluctance motor comprises a lift car, a linear guide rail, a power supply device, a motor and a controller, wherein the linear guide rail is fixedly arranged in a lift car wall, and the lift car is slidably arranged on the linear guide rail; the power supply device comprises a power supply guide rail and an elastic electric brush, and the power supply guide rail is vertically and fixedly arranged in the elevator shaft wall;
an elastic electric brush is fixedly arranged on the car and is matched and corresponding to the power supply guide rail;
the motor is a linear switch reluctance motor, the linear switch reluctance motor comprises a stator 2a and a rotor, and the stator 2a is fixedly arranged in the elevator shaft wall along the length direction of the linear guide rail;
the rotor is fixedly arranged on the car, the stator 2a and the rotor are matched and correspond to each other, and the rotor can slide in the stator 2 a;
the top and the bottom of car are fixed respectively and are provided with locking device, and the two can the locking fastening each other.
Preferably, the linear guide rails are positioned at the front side and the rear side of the car, and the movers are positioned at the left side and the right side of the car;
the rotor is fixedly connected with the lift car through a fixed support;
the linear guide rails positioned on the front side of the car are provided with two linear guide rails which are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the car so as to be convenient for opening and closing the car door.
Preferably, the power supply rails comprise at least two power supply rails, wherein one power supply rail is a positive electrode, and the other power supply rail is a negative electrode, and the potential difference between the two power supply rails is DC 220V.
Preferably, the sum of the heights of the top and bottom lockers and the car is equal to the height of a single floor.
Preferably, the stator 2a is located at two sides of the mover, and an air gap is arranged between the stator and the mover, and the air gap is 1-2 mm.
Preferably, the mover is formed by laminating magnetic materials; the rotor is provided with slots, a tooth part is arranged between every two adjacent slots, a pole shoe is arranged at the end, close to an air gap, of the tooth part, adjacent tooth parts are connected through a yoke part, an insulator is arranged in each slot, and a winding is arranged in each insulator.
Preferably, the magnetic conductive material is a silicon steel sheet;
the stator 2a is of a rectangular structure and is used for slowing down pole tip saturation, increasing torque output and resisting overload capacity.
Preferably, the winding is composed of multiple phases, each phase consisting of a plurality of turns of enameled coils;
two coil edges of the A-phase coil are respectively arranged under the first slot on the upper layer and the adjacent slot of the slot, and the end part of the A-phase coil is bridged on the yoke part;
sequentially, two circle edges of the B-phase coil are respectively arranged under the second slot on the upper layer and the adjacent slot of the slot; and so on;
preferably, the controller and the motor are matched and correspond to each other.
Preferably, the locking device is an electromagnet.
The invention has low cost and reliable structure. Compared with the motor, the longer side of the motor is paved with permanent magnets or windings, and the scheme only adopts the laminated magnetic conductive material with low material cost; the split stator is embedded into the wall body, so that the structure is safe and reliable; the rotor structure containing the winding structure is short and moves along with the car. The linear switched reluctance motor can operate in four quadrants, the switching of the motor and the generator is quickly realized through the four-quadrant operation switching of the switched reluctance motor in the ascending and descending processes of the elevator, and under the condition of no counterweight mechanism, the electric energy is converted into gravitational potential energy in the ascending process, and the gravitational potential energy is converted into the electric energy to be stored or merged into a power grid in the descending process. In the application of the super high-rise building, when the cages are operated in series, when a plurality of cages connected in series carry passengers, the passengers are classified according to the destination floors, for example, when two cages are connected in series, the upper cage carries passengers with odd number on the destination floors, and the lower cage carries passengers with even number on the destination floors; the structure is matched with the escalators of the upper layer and the lower layer for use, so that the ability of simultaneously getting on and off passengers on a plurality of target layers of a high-rise building can be realized; time waste caused by waiting of each destination layer guest is reduced. The motor has the winding and the structural design of preventing yoke portion cross saturation, and the magnetic circuit staggers at yoke portion, sees from the magnetic density distribution, can promote the magnetic material utilization ratio, sees from the material, thereby under the same other size structures, can reduce yoke portion thickness and reduce motor active cell volume.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention has the overall structure schematic diagram;
FIG. 2: the invention discloses a multi-car sectional operation schematic diagram;
FIG. 3: the invention relates to a multi-car series operation schematic diagram
FIG. 4: the invention discloses a linear switch reluctance motor structure and a magnetic circuit schematic diagram;
FIG. 5: the structure and the magnetic circuit of the existing linear switched reluctance motor are schematically shown.
In the drawings, each reference numeral denotes: 1a car, 1 b: linear guide, 1c locking device, 2a stator, 2 b: mover, 2c fixed support, 2 d: air gap, 3 a: wall, 4 a: power supply rail, 4 b: elastic electric brush, 5a bottom buffer device, 2ba yoke, 2bb tooth, 2bc pole shoe, 2bd winding, Hjx car height, Hs1 upper locking device height, Hs2 lower locking device height.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to fig. 1 to 4 of the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a linear switched reluctance motor driven cordless elevator comprises a car 1a, a linear guide rail 1b, a power supply device, a motor and a controller, wherein the linear guide rail 1b is fixedly arranged in a wall of an elevator shaft, and the car 1a is slidably arranged on the linear guide rail 1 b; the power supply device comprises a power supply guide rail 4a and an elastic electric brush 4b, and the power supply guide rail 4a is vertically and fixedly arranged in the elevator shaft wall. An elastic brush 4b is fixedly arranged on the car 1a, and the elastic brush 4b is matched and corresponding to the power supply guide rail 4 a. The motor is linear switch reluctance motor, and linear switch reluctance motor includes stator 2a and active cell 2b, and stator 2a sets up in the elevator shaft wall along linear guide 1 b's length direction is fixed. The mover 2b is fixedly arranged on the car 1a and obtains electric energy from the elastic brushes 4b through conducting wires, the stator 2a and the mover 2b are matched and correspond to each other, and the mover 2b can slide in the stator 2 a. The top and the bottom of the car 1a are respectively fixedly provided with a locking device 1c, and the locking devices can be mutually locked and fastened.
More specifically, the linear guide rails 1b are positioned on both front and rear sides of the car 1a, and the movers 2b are positioned on both left and right sides of the car 1 a. The mover 2b is fixedly connected to the car 1a via a fixed bracket 2 c. Two linear guide rails 1b are provided on the front side of the car 1a, respectively on the left and right sides of the car 1a, for opening and closing the car doors. The power supply rails 4a at least include two power supply rails, one is a positive electrode, the other is a negative electrode, and the potential difference between the two power supply rails is DC 220V. The sum of the heights of the top and bottom lockers 1c and the car 1a is equal to the height of a single floor. The stator 2a is located on two sides of the rotor 2b, and an air gap is arranged between the stator 2a and the rotor 2b and is 1-2 mm. The rotor 2b is formed by laminating magnetic materials; the rotor 2b is provided with grooves, tooth parts 2bb are arranged between two adjacent grooves, pole shoes 2bc are arranged at the ends, close to air gaps, of the tooth parts 2bb, the adjacent tooth parts are connected through yoke parts 2ba, insulators are arranged in the grooves, and windings 2bd are arranged in the insulators. The magnetic conductive material is a silicon steel sheet; the stator 2a is of a rectangular structure and is used for slowing down pole tip saturation, increasing torque output and resisting overload capacity. In addition, the winding 2bd is composed of multiple phases, each phase being composed of a plurality of turns of enameled coils; two coil edges of the A-phase coil are respectively arranged under the first slot on the upper layer and the adjacent slot of the slot, and the end part of the A-phase coil is bridged on the yoke part; sequentially, two circle edges of the B-phase coil are respectively arranged under the second slot on the upper layer and the adjacent slot of the slot; and so on. The controller is matched with the motor correspondingly. The locking device 1c is an electromagnet.
The structure and function of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings: the elevator system shown in fig. 1 comprises the following components: the elevator comprises a linear guide rail 1b in an elevator shaft wall, power supply devices 4a and 4b, a car 1a, linear switched reluctance motors 2a and 2b and a controller. During operation of the elevator, power is taken from the supply rail 4a via the resilient brushes 4b, which power is supplied to the linear switched reluctance motor for driving via the control.
The operation process of the linear switch reluctance motor is as follows: as shown in fig. 4, the mover and the stator are in a positive direction to the left as shown in the drawing, at this time, the fixed inductor corresponding to the winding position of the phase a is in the rising interval, and the winding of the phase a is conducted; the generated magnetic pulling force enables the rotor to move upwards to drive the lift car to move; when the next position is entered, the B-phase winding is conducted and operates in sequence; the elevator moves upwards at each switch-on. In the operation process of the linear switched reluctance motor, due to the cross design of the windings, compared with the magnetic line schematic diagram shown by dotted lines in fig. 4 and fig. 5, the saturation of the yoke part can be reduced, the thickness of the yoke part required in the design is further reduced, and the volume of the motor is reduced. When the passenger flow is in the peak period of the commuting, the personnel walk to the floor where the designated car is to be taken, namely the floor 1 or the floor 2 according to the destination floor, in the running process of the single car, the personnel are supposed to go down the floor on each floor, the stop times are the floor number N, when the personnel are in serial running and are separated from each other, the N/2 stop can be realized, and the time is saved more obviously along with the increase of the building height. In the descending process of the elevator, the same as the process 3 is carried out, the fixed inductor corresponding to the position of the A-phase winding is positioned in a descending interval, and the A-phase winding is conducted; the generated magnetic pulling force enables the rotor to move upwards to drive the lift car to move; when the next position is entered, the B-phase winding is conducted and operates in sequence; the motor generates electric energy in each braking process, and the electric energy is converted and output into direct current for storage or inversion recovery through the controller.
The invention has low cost and reliable structure. Compared with the motor, the longer side is paved with permanent magnets or windings, and the scheme only adopts the laminated magnetic materials with low material cost, such as silicon steel sheets; the split stator is embedded into the wall body, so that the structure is safe and reliable; the rotor structure containing the winding structure is short and moves along with the car. The linear switched reluctance motor can operate in four quadrants, the switching of the motor and the generator is quickly realized through the four-quadrant operation switching of the switched reluctance motor in the ascending and descending processes of the elevator, and under the condition of no counterweight mechanism, the electric energy is converted into gravitational potential energy in the ascending process, and the gravitational potential energy is converted into the electric energy to be stored or merged into a power grid in the descending process. In the application of the super high-rise building, when the cages are operated in series, when a plurality of cages connected in series carry passengers, the passengers are classified according to the destination floors, for example, when two cages are connected in series, the upper cage carries passengers with odd number on the destination floors, and the lower cage carries passengers with even number on the destination floors; the structure is matched with the escalators of the upper layer and the lower layer for use, so that the ability of simultaneously getting on and off passengers on a plurality of target layers of a high-rise building can be realized; time waste caused by waiting of each destination layer guest is reduced. The motor has the winding and the structural design of preventing yoke portion cross saturation, and the magnetic circuit staggers at yoke portion, sees in the dotted line in figure 4 from the magnetic density distribution and shows, can promote magnetic conduction material utilization ratio, sees from the material, under the same other size structures, thereby can reduce yoke portion thickness and reduce motor active cell volume.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a linear switch reluctance motor driven wireless elevator, includes car (1a), linear guide (1b), power supply unit, motor and controller, and the elevator wall of a well internal fixation is provided with linear guide (1b), but on linear guide (1b) slidable be provided with car (1a), its characterized in that:
the power supply device comprises a power supply guide rail (4a) and an elastic electric brush (4b), and the power supply guide rail (4a) is vertically and fixedly arranged in the elevator shaft wall;
an elastic electric brush (4b) is fixedly arranged on the lift car (1a), and the elastic electric brush (4b) is matched and corresponds to the power supply guide rail (4 a);
the motor is a linear switch reluctance motor, the linear switch reluctance motor comprises a stator (2a) and a rotor (2b), and the stator (2a) is fixedly arranged in the elevator shaft wall along the length direction of the linear guide rail (1 b);
the mover (2b) is fixedly arranged on the car (1a), the stator (2a) and the mover (2b) are matched and correspond to each other, and the mover (2b) can slide in the stator (2 a);
the top and the bottom of the car (1a) are respectively and fixedly provided with a locking device (1c), and the locking device can be mutually locked and fastened.
2. The linear switched reluctance motor-driven ropeless elevator according to claim 1, wherein:
the linear guide rails (1b) are positioned at the front side and the rear side of the car (1a), and the rotors (2b) are positioned at the left side and the right side of the car (1 a);
the mover (2b) is fixedly connected with the lift car (1a) through a fixed support (2 c);
two linear guide rails (1b) are arranged on the front side of the car (1a), and the two linear guide rails are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the car (1a) so as to be convenient for opening and closing the car door.
3. The linear switched reluctance motor-driven ropeless elevator according to claim 1, wherein:
the power supply guide rails (4a) at least comprise two power supply guide rails, wherein one power supply guide rail is a positive electrode, the other power supply guide rail is a negative electrode, and the potential difference between the two power supply guide rails is DC 220V.
4. The linear switched reluctance motor-driven ropeless elevator according to claim 1, wherein:
the sum of the heights of the top and bottom lockers (1c) and the car (1a) is equal to the height of a single floor.
5. The linear switched reluctance motor-driven ropeless elevator according to claim 1, wherein:
the stator (2a) is located on two sides of the rotor (2b), an air gap is arranged between the stator and the rotor, and the air gap is 1-2 mm.
6. The linear switched reluctance motor-driven ropeless elevator according to claim 5, wherein:
the rotor (2b) is formed by laminating magnetic materials; the rotor (2b) is provided with grooves, tooth parts (2bb) are arranged between two adjacent grooves, the end, close to an air gap, of each tooth part (2bb) is provided with a pole shoe (2bc), the adjacent tooth parts are connected through yoke parts (2ba), insulators are arranged in the grooves, and windings (2bd) are arranged in the insulators.
7. The linear switched reluctance motor-driven ropeless elevator according to claim 6, wherein:
the magnetic conductive material is a silicon steel sheet;
the stator (2a) is of a rectangular structure and is used for slowing down pole tip saturation, increasing torque output and resisting overload capacity.
8. The linear switched reluctance motor-driven ropeless elevator according to claim 6, wherein:
the winding (2bd) consists of multiple phases, and each phase consists of a plurality of turns of enameled coils;
two coil edges of the A-phase coil are respectively arranged under the first slot on the upper layer and the adjacent slot of the slot, and the end part of the A-phase coil is bridged on the yoke part;
sequentially, two circle edges of the B-phase coil are respectively arranged under the second slot on the upper layer and the adjacent slot of the slot; and so on.
9. The linear switched reluctance motor-driven ropeless elevator according to claim 8, wherein:
the controller is matched with the motor correspondingly.
10. The linear switched reluctance motor-driven ropeless elevator according to claim 8, wherein:
the locking device (1c) is an electromagnet.
CN201911221082.1A 2019-12-03 2019-12-03 Cordless elevator driven by linear switch reluctance motor Pending CN110775787A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911221082.1A CN110775787A (en) 2019-12-03 2019-12-03 Cordless elevator driven by linear switch reluctance motor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911221082.1A CN110775787A (en) 2019-12-03 2019-12-03 Cordless elevator driven by linear switch reluctance motor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110775787A true CN110775787A (en) 2020-02-11

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103178687A (en) * 2011-12-26 2013-06-26 上海磁浮交通发展有限公司 Bilateral mixed excitation type high-thrust linear synchronous motor
US20180105396A1 (en) * 2015-06-26 2018-04-19 Kone Corporation Elevator with linear motor
CN109052119A (en) * 2018-10-12 2018-12-21 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 A kind of elevator
CN210944455U (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-07-07 桂林航天工业学院 Cordless elevator driven by linear switch reluctance motor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103178687A (en) * 2011-12-26 2013-06-26 上海磁浮交通发展有限公司 Bilateral mixed excitation type high-thrust linear synchronous motor
US20180105396A1 (en) * 2015-06-26 2018-04-19 Kone Corporation Elevator with linear motor
CN109052119A (en) * 2018-10-12 2018-12-21 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 A kind of elevator
CN210944455U (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-07-07 桂林航天工业学院 Cordless elevator driven by linear switch reluctance motor

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