CN110773765A

CN110773765A - Manual hydraulic expansion turning clamp

Info

Publication number: CN110773765A
Application number: CN201911099750.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汤凯; 葛晓明; 其他发明人请求不公开姓名
Original assignee: Jiangsu Airship Gear Corp
Current assignee: Jiangsu Airship Gear Corp
Priority date: 2019-11-12
Filing date: 2019-11-12
Publication date: 2020-02-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a hand-adjusted hydraulic expansion vehicle clamp which comprises an inner bushing, a clamping fixture, a plug, a long plunger, a short plunger and a hydraulic shaft. The mould is provided with an axial counter bore, the inner wall of the bore is provided with a spiral groove, and the tail end of the spiral groove is provided with a circular through hole which radially penetrates through the mould. The lining sleeve is plugged in an axial counter bore of the mould, and two ends of the lining sleeve are respectively connected with the joint of the mould in a sealing way. And hydraulic oil is injected into the spiral groove through the radial through hole of the clamping fixture, the short plunger and the long plunger are respectively inserted into the radial through hole, and the long plunger and the short plunger are pushed to radially displace by the plug screwed in from the orifice, so that a manual hydraulic expansion structure for radially pressing the inner bushing by the built-in hydraulic oil along the spiral groove is formed. The plug rotates rightwards to enable the inner bushing to be expanded to clamp the workpiece, and the plug rotates leftwards to release pressure, so that the inner bushing is restored to an initial state, and the workpiece can be easily dismounted.

Description

Manual hydraulic expansion turning clamp

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a technical scheme in the technical field of metal cutting machining, and particularly relates to a clamp for turning, in particular to a hydraulic expansion turning clamp with a self-contained manual adjusting structure.

Background

When an enterprise in the machine manufacturing industry performs batch turning on circular ring or sleeve workpieces, in order to ensure machining accuracy and improve production efficiency, a special turning fixture is usually designed according to the shape and structural characteristics of the workpieces, so that the workpieces can be cut under a positioning condition, and the turning fixture is also required to have a quick-assembly and quick-disassembly structure. The universal self-centering three-jaw chuck is generally selected as a turning clamp for machining the workpieces in the industry at present, and the turning clamp with a lever type compression structure type is specially designed for the workpieces with special-shaped structural characteristics. The turning clamp with the conventional structure has the advantages of simple structure, accurate positioning, reliable clamping and convenient use, is particularly suitable for turning workpieces with sufficient rigidity, and can easily reach the expected additional quality under the normal process condition. However, in the engineering, some workpieces to be processed with weak rigidity, such as large-caliber circular rings or thin-wall cylindrical workpieces, are often encountered, and the workpieces are clamped by the prior art, and the workpieces are often deformed due to the applied clamping force, so that the processing quality of the workpieces is poor. If the clamping force is properly reduced, the deformation of the workpiece can be obviously reduced, thereby the reliability of clamping the workpiece is reduced by times, and the cutting efficiency is obviously reduced. In addition, the clamping force in the prior art is relatively concentrated, and the point-shaped pressing is easy to form an indentation on the surface of the workpiece, which inevitably causes the appearance quality of the workpiece to be reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims at the defects of the prior art and provides a hand-adjusting hydraulic expansion vehicle clamp which is simpler in structure, more accurate in positioning, uniform in force application, simple and convenient to operate and free from deformation during clamping.

The invention achieves the technical aim through the following technical scheme.

A hand-adjusted hydraulic expansion turning clamp comprises an inner bushing, a clamping fixture, a plug, a long plunger, a short plunger and hydraulic oil. The improvement is that: the mould is a disc-shaped component with a boss, the small-diameter end and the large-diameter end are coaxial, an axial counter bore is arranged in the middle of the large-diameter end, a spiral groove is formed in the inner wall of the bore, a circular through hole which radially penetrates through the mould is formed in the tail end of the spiral groove, and an internal thread for assembling a plug is arranged at the opening of the through hole. The inner bushing is a metal thin-wall round bushing, and two ends of the inner bushing, which are plugged in the axial counter bores on the large end face of the clamping fixture, are respectively in sealing connection with the joint. The hydraulic oil is injected into the spiral groove through the radial through hole of the clamping fixture, the short plunger and the long plunger which are in clearance fit are respectively inserted into the radial through hole, and the plug screwed in from the orifice pushes the long plunger and the short plunger to radially displace, so that a manual hydraulic expansion structure with built-in hydraulic oil for radially pressing the inner bushing along the spiral groove is formed.

As a further improvement scheme, the inner bushing is a thin-wall round bushing made of alloy steel, and the wall thickness of the inner bushing is 1.5-3.0 mm.

As a further improvement scheme, the spiral groove arranged in the axial counter bore of the mould is of a single thread structure, and the thread pitch is selected from 10-15 mm.

As a further improvement scheme, the cross section of a spiral groove configured in the axial counter bore of the mould is semicircular or U-shaped, and the width of an opening is 4.0-8.0 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:

1. an oil pressure manual adjusting structure is arranged on the mould, so that the structure is simple and the manufacturing cost is low;

2. the thin-wall inner bushing with the expanded periphery is uniform in stress, accurate in positioning and convenient and fast in tightness operation;

3. the workpiece and the thin-wall lining sleeve are matched to form a sleeve structure, so that the quick assembly and quick disassembly are easy to realize, the matching requirement of batch production is met, and no indentation is formed on the surface of the workpiece.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of the structure of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and with reference to the examples.

The hand-adjusting hydraulic expansion vehicle clamp shown in fig. 1 comprises an inner bushing 1, a clamping fixture 2, a plug 3, a long plunger 4, a short plunger 5 and hydraulic oil 6. The mould 2 is a structural main body component of the invention, and the external shape of the mould is similar to a disc with a boss, and the small-diameter end and the large-diameter end are coaxial. The small-diameter end is the clamped end of the clamping fixture 2, and the small-diameter end of the clamping fixture 2 is clamped by the self-centering three-jaw chuck in the embodiment. The axial counter bore is arranged at the middle position of the large-diameter end of the clamping fixture 2, a spiral groove 2.1 is formed in the inner wall of the axial counter bore, a workpiece to be machined in the embodiment is a gear for an automobile, and the diameter of the workpiece is small, so that the transverse section of the spiral groove 2.1 arranged on the inner wall of the axial counter bore of the clamping fixture 2 is semicircular, the opening width of the spiral groove is 6.0mm, and the thread pitch of the spiral groove is 8.0 mm. A circular through hole which radially penetrates through the mould 2 is arranged at the tail end of the spiral groove 2.1, and an internal thread which is provided with a plug 3 is arranged at the opening part of the through hole. During actual assembly, the inner bushing 1 is inserted into an axial counter bore at the large-diameter end of the mold 2, and the two ends are in transition fit and are also in sealing connection at the joint of the two ends. In order to enhance the elasticity and the sensitivity of the inner liner 1 to internal expansion and loosening, the inner liner 1 of the present embodiment has a wall thickness of only 2.0mm and is made of high-quality alloy steel, which ensures sufficient rigidity and strength of the inner liner 1 and also has excellent elasticity. The hydraulic oil 6 is used as a medium for transferring pressure, the hydraulic oil 6 is injected from a radial circular through hole preset in the mould 2, after the spiral groove 2.1 arranged in the mould 2 is filled with the hydraulic oil 6, the short plunger 5 and the long plunger 4 which are in clearance fit are respectively inserted into the radial circular through hole preset in the mould 2, then the plug 3 is screwed in, and the plug 3 pushes the long plunger 4 and the short plunger 5 to radially displace, so that a manual hydraulic expansion structure is formed. The right-handed plug 3 presses the built-in hydraulic oil 6, so that the hydraulic oil 6 is pressed to the inner lining 1 along the spiral groove 2.1 in the radial direction, and the outer wall of the inner lining 1 is uniformly pressed to generate slight elastic deformation inwards, so that a clamping force for clamping a workpiece is formed. After the workpiece is machined, the plug 3 is rotated leftwards, so that the long plunger 4 and the short plunger 5 retract under the action of the hydraulic oil 6 until the hydraulic oil 6 returns to normal pressure, the inner bushing 1 returns to the original state under the action of elastic force, the machined workpiece can be easily dismounted under the condition, then the workpiece to be machined is replaced, and the continuous production can be realized in such a way repeatedly. The invention adopts a positioning insertion structure, is convenient for quick assembly and disassembly of workpieces, completely meets the requirement of batch production, and has no indentation on the surface of the workpiece.

Claims

1. A hand-adjusted hydraulic expansion turning clamp comprises an inner bushing (1), a clamping fixture (2), a plug (3), a long plunger (4), a short plunger (5) and hydraulic oil (6); the method is characterized in that: the mould (2) is a disc-shaped component with a boss, the small-diameter end and the large-diameter end are coaxial, an axial counter bore is arranged in the middle of the large-diameter end, a spiral groove (2.1) is arranged on the inner wall of the axial counter bore, a circular through hole which radially penetrates through the mould (2) is arranged at the tail end of the spiral groove (2.1), and an internal thread which is provided with a plug (2) is arranged at the opening part of the through hole; the inner bushing (1) is a metal thin-wall round bushing, and two ends of the inner bushing (1) plugged in the axial counter bores on the large end face of the clamping fixture (2) are respectively in sealing connection with the joint; the hydraulic oil (6) is injected into the spiral groove (2.1) through the radial through hole of the mould (2), the short plunger (5) and the long plunger (4) which are in clearance fit are respectively inserted into the radial through hole, and the plug (3) screwed in from the orifice pushes the long plunger (4) and the short plunger (5) to radially displace, so that a manual hydraulic expansion structure for radially pressing the inner bushing (1) along the spiral groove (2.1) by the built-in hydraulic oil (6) is formed.

2. The hand-adjustable hydraulic expansion vehicle clamp of claim 1, wherein: the inner bushing (1) is a thin-wall round bushing made of alloy steel, and the wall thickness of the inner bushing is 1.5-3.0 mm.

3. The hand-adjustable hydraulic expansion vehicle clamp of claim 1, wherein: the spiral groove (2.1) arranged in the axial counter bore of the mould (2) is of a single thread structure, and the thread pitch is selected from 10-15 mm.

4. The hand-adjustable hydraulic expansion car clamp according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the cross section of a spiral groove (2.1) arranged in the axial counter bore of the mould (2) is semicircular or U-shaped, and the width of an opening is 4.0-8.0 mm.