CN110772498A - Preparation method of novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticles - Google Patents

Preparation method of novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticles Download PDF

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CN110772498A
CN110772498A CN201910847247.XA CN201910847247A CN110772498A CN 110772498 A CN110772498 A CN 110772498A CN 201910847247 A CN201910847247 A CN 201910847247A CN 110772498 A CN110772498 A CN 110772498A
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fucoxanthin
fucoidan
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刘雪
刘昌衡
贾爱荣
刘新
史亚萍
王加祥
张绵松
白新峰
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Biology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences
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Abstract

A novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidin sulfate nanoparticle is formed by a polyelectrolyte self-assembly method of fucoidin sulfate and chitosan, wherein the fucoidin is wrapped in the self-assembly process, and the deacetylation degree of the chitosan is 85%. The invention is used for preparing the novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticles.

Description

Preparation method of novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticles
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticle.
Background
The oral administration mode is simple, does not damage skin and mucous membrane, does not have cross infection, is the most common administration route of the current drug therapy, and is the only using method of health-care food. However, the stability of active ingredients of drugs and health foods in the gastrointestinal environment greatly limits the utilization rate of the active ingredients. How to improve the oral utilization rate of medicines and health-care foods still remains a problem to be solved urgently at the present stage. In recent years, a nano drug-carrying system which is a hotspot in the research of the field of preparations is widely concerned by people. The nano drug-carrying system has small particle size, high particle dispersion degree and strong adhesion, can improve the stability of the loaded active substance, increase the absorption and utilization of the active substance by organisms and weaken toxic and side effects, and is a good drug-carrying system.
Fucoxanthin is a functional pigment belonging to carotenoids, and has been developed into health foods in recent years. However, fucoxanthin is unstable, sensitive to light, acid, and the like, relatively stable under alkaline conditions, and extremely unstable under acidic conditions. Fucoxanthin is easily damaged under the influence of pH after entering the gastric environment by oral administration, so that the fucoxanthin cannot enter the intestinal tract to be absorbed, and the oral utilization rate of the fucoxanthin is low, and the efficacy is not fully exerted. If the fucoxanthin is wrapped in the nanoparticle drug-loading system, the stability of the fucoxanthin can be improved, the oral utilization rate can be improved, and the fucoxanthin carrier can be subsequently used in the fields of health-care food and medicine, and has wider development prospect. The raw materials for constructing the nanoparticle carrier are many, and the polysaccharide from the seaweed is widely used for the research of the drug carrier due to rich resources, good biological adhesion and good biocompatibility. The fucoidan is one of the commonly used polysaccharides for constructing the nanoparticle carrier, but at present, commercial kelp and fucus vesiculosus fucoidan are mostly adopted for preparing nanoparticles, and the research on fucoidan from other brown algae is still few.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a novel fucoidan sulfate nanoparticle delivery system used as oral fucoxanthin health-care food and medicine.
The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
a novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidin sulfate nanoparticle is formed by a polyelectrolyte self-assembly method of fucoidin sulfate and chitosan, wherein the fucoidin is wrapped in the self-assembly process, and the deacetylation degree of the chitosan is 85%.
The novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticle comprises the Sargassum horneri fucoidan sulfate with total sugar content of 52.45%, protein content of 7.96%, sulfate group content of 26.72%, uronic acid content of 9.25%, molecular weight of 341.7kDa, and monosaccharide composition of fucose, galactose, mannose, glucuronic acid and xylose, wherein the molar ratio is 1:0.85:0.41:0.34: 0.15.
The fucoxanthin is extracted from Sargassum horneri and determined to be fucoxanthin by high performance liquid chromatography, and the yield is 0.38 mg/g.
The novel fucoidan sulfate nanoparticle loading fucoxanthin has the particle size of 360-430nm, the Zeta potential of 26-31mV, PDI of 0.23-0.27, the Fuc compounding rate of 89-91 percent and the loading rate of fucoxanthin of 89-94 percent. The infrared spectrum of the nano particles shows characteristic absorption peaks of chitosan and fucoidan sulfate, which indicates that non-covalent interaction exists between the chitosan and the fucoidan sulfate, wherein 1643cm < -1 > is a stretching vibration absorption peak of chitosan amide C = O, 1560cm < -1 > is a bending vibration absorption peak of chitosan N-H, and 1249cm < -1 > is an S = O stretching vibration absorption peak of fucoidan sulfate.
The novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticle comprises the following steps of in-vitro simulated digestion of the nanoparticle, adding 15mL of artificial gastric juice into 15mL of nanoparticle solution with different proportions, ultrasonically mixing uniformly to uniformly distribute the nanoparticles in the artificial gastric juice, accurately sampling for 3mL at 0h, 1h, 2h, 4h and 6h, centrifuging at 3000rpm for 10min, and measuring the particle diameter, the Fuc compounding rate and the fucoxanthin loading rate; adjusting pH of the residual nanoparticle solution to 6.8 with sodium carbonate, adding 15mL of artificial intestinal juice, mixing with ultrasound, precisely sampling for 3mL at 3000rpm for 10min at 0h, 1h, 2h, 4h and 6h, and measuring particle diameter, Fuc compounding rate and fucoxanthin loading rate.
The in-vitro simulated digestion result of the novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticle shows that the particle size, the Fuc compounding rate and the fucoxanthin loading rate of the loaded nanoparticle are not obviously changed along with the prolonging of time in the artificial gastric juice, while the particle size is obviously increased and the Fuc compounding rate and the fucoxanthin loading rate are obviously reduced in the artificial intestinal juice.
A process for preparing fucoidan sulfate nanoparticles carried by fucoxanthin includes such steps as baking the Sargassum horneri at 40 deg.C, pulverizing, defatting, extracting in 2% CaCl2 solution at 60-70 deg.C, separating supernatant, repeating 2-3 times, ultrafiltering, concentrating, depositing in alcohol, collecting deposit, dissolving the crude polyose (1-5%), ion exchange chromatography to obtain fucoidan sulfate, defatting (1), adding 95% alcohol (10-30 times of volume), stirring at room temp for 24-72 hr, depositing in alcohol (3 times of volume of 95% alcohol), standing at 4 deg.C overnight, and eluting with 0.5 moL/L aqueous solution of sodium chloride.
A method for preparing fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan nanoparticles comprises oven drying Sargassum horneri at 40 deg.C, and pulverizing. Taking a proper amount of algae powder, adding anhydrous methanol and algae powder: the absolute methanol is 1:6 (W/V), the ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 1h, and the ultrasonic power is 100 percent; after extraction, centrifugation is carried out, supernatant is collected, and the supernatant is filtered through a 0.22 mu m filter membrane and dried by a nitrogen blower. Fucoxanthin was determined by high performance liquid chromatography, and the yield was 0.38 mg/g.
The preparation method of the novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticles comprises the steps of preparing 1mg/mL Sargassum horneri fucoidan sulfate Fuc solution (containing fucoxanthin 2 mg/mL) and 1mg/mL chitosan Cs solution (dissolved by 0.2% acetic acid solution), dropwise adding the Cs solution into the Fuc solution by adopting a polyelectrolyte self-assembly method according to the volume ratio of Fuc/CS of 0.6-1.0:1 respectively under the ultrasonic condition, and continuing to perform ultrasonic treatment for 20-30min to obtain the nanoparticle solution.
The preparation method of the novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoxanthin sulfate nanoparticles comprises the steps of dissolving fucoxanthin in 1/10-volume absolute ethanol, and adding a fucoidan sulfate solution to ensure that the final concentration of the fucoxanthin is 2mg/mL and the final concentration of the fucoidan sulfate is 1 mg/mL.
Advantageous effects
1. The method takes sargassum horneri fucoidan sulfate which is self-made in a laboratory as a raw material to prepare the nano particles, and encapsulates the fucoxanthin which is sensitive to light and unstable under an acidic condition, so that the stability of the fucoxanthin is improved.
The loaded nanoparticles have good stability in a simulated stomach environment and good depolymerization property in a simulated intestinal environment, can directionally release fucoxanthin in the intestinal tract, and can be subsequently used as a carrying system for oral fucoxanthin health-care food and medicines, so that the oral utilization rate of the fucoxanthin is improved.
The loaded nano particles are subsequently used in the fields of health-care food and medicine, and have good market prospects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a high performance liquid chromatogram of fucoxanthin from Sargassum horneri.
FIG. 2 is a graph of the infrared spectrum at a preferred Fuc/CS volume ratio of 1.0/1.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change of particle size in the simulated gastric fluid with time at Fuc/CS volume ratios of 0.6/1, 0.8:1, and 1.0/1, respectively.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change of particle size in the artificial intestinal juice with time when Fuc/CS volume ratios are 0.6/1, 0.8:1, and 1.0/1, respectively.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing Fuc complexation rate in simulated gastric fluid as a function of time for Fuc/CS volume ratios of 0.6/1, 0.8:1, and 1.0/1, respectively.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing Fuc complexation rate in artificial intestinal juice as a function of time for Fuc/CS volume ratios of 0.6/1, 0.8:1, and 1.0/1, respectively.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the change of fucoxanthin loading rate in artificial gastric juice with time at Fuc/CS volume ratios of 0.6/1, 0.8:1, and 1.0/1, respectively.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the change of fucoxanthin loading rate in artificial intestinal juice with time when Fuc/CS volume ratios are 0.6/1, 0.8:1, and 1.0/1, respectively.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
A novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidin sulfate nanoparticle is formed by a polyelectrolyte self-assembly method of fucoidin sulfate and chitosan, wherein the fucoidin is wrapped in the self-assembly process, and the deacetylation degree of the chitosan is 85%.
Example 2
The novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan nanoparticle of example 1, wherein the fucoidan of Sargassum horneri has a total sugar content of 52.45%, a protein content of 7.96%, a sulfate group content of 26.72%, an uronic acid content of 9.25%, a molecular weight of 341.7kDa, and a monosaccharide composition of fucose, galactose, mannose, glucuronic acid, and xylose in a ratio of 1:0.85:0.41:0.34:0.15 (molar ratio).
Example 3
The novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoxanthin sulfate nanoparticles described in example 1, wherein fucoxanthin is extracted from Sargassum horneri and determined as fucoxanthin by high performance liquid chromatography, were obtained in a yield of 0.38 mg/g.
Example 4
The novel fucoidan-loaded fucoidan nanoparticle of example 1 has a particle size of 360-420nm, a Zeta potential of 26-31mV, a PDI of 0.23-0.27, a Fuc complexing rate of 89-91%, and a fucoxanthin loading rate of 89-94%. The infrared spectrum of the nano particles shows characteristic absorption peaks of chitosan and fucoidan sulfate, which indicates that non-covalent interaction exists between the chitosan and the fucoidan sulfate, wherein 1643cm < -1 > is a stretching vibration absorption peak of chitosan amide C = O, 1560cm < -1 > is a bending vibration absorption peak of chitosan N-H, and 1249cm < -1 > is an S = O stretching vibration absorption peak of fucoidan sulfate.
Example 5
The novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticle described in example 4, wherein the in vitro simulated digestion result of the nanoparticle shows that the particle size, Fuc complexation rate and fucoxanthin loading rate of the loaded nanoparticle do not change significantly with the time in the artificial gastric juice, while the particle size is increased significantly and the Fuc complexation rate and fucoxanthin loading rate are decreased significantly in the artificial intestinal juice.
Example 6
A method for preparing fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan nanoparticles comprises oven drying Sargassum horneri at 40 deg.C ⑴, pulverizing, defatting, adding 2% CaCl into defatted powder 2Extracting the solution at 60-70 deg.C, separating clear liquid, repeating for 2-3 times, ultrafiltering, concentrating, precipitating with ethanol, collecting precipitate to obtain crude polysaccharide, and dissolving the crude polysaccharide at concentration of 1% -5% in ⑵, and purifying by ion exchange chromatography to obtain fucosan sulfate.
Example 7
The preparation method of the novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticles described in example 6 is that fucoxanthin is extracted from Sargassum horneri, and the extraction method is as follows: drying Sargassum horneri at 40 deg.C, and pulverizing. Taking a proper amount of algae powder, adding anhydrous methanol, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1:6 (algae powder: anhydrous methanol, W/V), and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1h with the ultrasonic power of 100%. After extraction, centrifugation is carried out, supernatant is collected, and the supernatant is filtered through a 0.22 mu m filter membrane and dried by a nitrogen blower. Fucoxanthin was determined by high performance liquid chromatography, and the yield was 0.38 mg/g.
Example 8
The preparation method of the fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidin sulfate nanoparticle described in example 7 includes preparing 1mg/mL fucus fucoidin (Fuc) sulfate solution (containing fucoxanthin in a concentration of 2 mg/mL) and 1mg/mL chitosan (Cs) solution (dissolved in 0.2% acetic acid solution), respectively adding the Cs solution dropwise into the Fuc solution by a polyelectrolyte self-assembly method according to a Fuc/Cs volume ratio of 0.6-1.0:1 under ultrasonic conditions, and continuing to perform ultrasonic treatment for 20-30min to obtain a nanoparticle solution.
Example 9
The method for preparing fucoxanthin-loaded fucoxanthin sulfate nanoparticles described in example 8 is to dissolve fucoxanthin in 1/10 volumes of absolute ethanol, and then add fucoxanthin sulfate solution to make the final concentration of fucoxanthin be 2mg/mL and the final concentration of fucoidan sulfate be 1 mg/mL.
Example 10
The preparation method of the novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticles described in example 6, wherein the degreasing step in step (1) is to add 10-30 times volume of 95% ethanol, stir at room temperature for 24-72 h, and repeat for 2-3 times; the alcohol precipitation is to add 95% ethanol with 3 times volume, and to stand overnight at 4 ℃.
Example 11
The method for preparing the novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticles of example 6, wherein in step (2), the ion exchange chromatography column is DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow, and the elution is performed by using 0.5 moL/L aqueous sodium chloride solution.
Example 12
① the fucoidan sulfate is prepared by drying Sargassum horneri at 40 deg.C, pulverizing, defatting with 95% ethanol, adding 2% CaCl2 solution into defatted powder, extracting at 60-70 deg.C, separating clear solution, repeating 2-3 times of ultrafiltration and concentration of clear solution, adding 3 times volume of 95% ethanol for precipitation, collecting precipitate to obtain crude polysaccharide, dissolving the crude polysaccharide at 1-5% concentration, purifying by DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow ion exchange chromatography, eluting with 0.5 mol/L sodium chloride aqueous solution, dialyzing, desalting, and lyophilizing to obtain fucoidan sulfate.
② fucoxanthin is prepared by oven drying Sargassum horneri at 40 deg.C, pulverizing, collecting appropriate amount of Sargassum horneri powder, adding anhydrous methanol at a ratio of 1:6 (Sargassum horneri powder: anhydrous methanol, W/V), ultrasonic treating for 1 hr, and ultrasonic treating with 100% power, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, filtering with 0.22 μm filter membrane, drying with nitrogen blower, and determining fucoxanthin by high performance liquid chromatography with yield of 0.38 mg/g.
③ the preparation method of the nanoparticle comprises dissolving fucoxanthin in 1/10 volume of anhydrous ethanol, adding fucoidan sulfate solution to make fucoxanthin final concentration 2mg/mL and fucoidan sulfate final concentration 1mg/mL, preparing 1mg/mL chitosan (Cs) solution (0.2% acetic acid solution dissolved), adding Cs solution dropwise into Fuc solution by polyelectrolyte self-assembly method according to Fuc/CS volume ratio of 0.6:1 under ultrasonic condition, continuing to perform ultrasonic treatment for 20-30min to obtain nanoparticle solution, measuring its particle diameter to be 423.32nm, Zeta potential to be 30.22mV, PDI to be 0.232, Fuc compounding rate to be 89.45%, and fucoxanthin loading rate to be 89.33%.
④ in vitro simulated digestion comprises adding 15mL of artificial gastric juice into 15mL of nano solution with different proportions, ultrasonically mixing to uniformly distribute nanoparticles in the artificial gastric juice, precisely sampling 3mL at 0h, 1h, 2h, 4h and 6h, centrifuging at 3000rpm for 10min, measuring particle diameter, Fuc recombination rate and fucoxanthin loading rate, adjusting pH of the rest nano solution to 6.8 with sodium carbonate, adding 15mL of artificial intestinal juice, ultrasonically mixing, precisely sampling 3mL at 0h, 1h, 2h, 4h and 6h, centrifuging at 3000rpm for 10min, and measuring particle diameter, Fuc recombination rate and fucoxanthin loading rate.
Example 13
The preparation method of the novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticles described in the above example was performed by the same method and procedure as in example 12, with the Fuc/CS volume ratio changed to 0.8:1, and the nanoparticles were found to have a particle diameter of 372.65nm, a Zeta potential of 29.42mV, a PDI of 0.235, a Fuc complexation rate of 89.34%, and a fucoxanthin loading rate of 93.12%.
Example 14
The preparation method of the novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticles described in the above example was performed by the same method and procedure as in example 12, with the Fuc/CS volume ratio being changed to 1.0:1, and the particle diameter of the nanoparticles was 368.75nm, the Zeta potential was 26.53mV, the PDI was 0.262, the Fuc complexation rate was 90.33%, and the fucoxanthin loading rate was 93.22%.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. A novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan nanoparticle is characterized in that the nanoparticle is formed by fucus fucoidan and chitosan through a polyelectrolyte self-assembly method, wherein the fucus fucoidan is wrapped in the self-assembly process, and the deacetylation degree of the chitosan is 85%.
2. The novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan nanoparticle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fucoidan is Sargassum horneri fucoidan having a total sugar content of 52.45%, a protein content of 7.96%, a sulfate group content of 26.72%, an uronic acid content of 9.25%, a molecular weight of 341.7kDa, and a monosaccharide composition comprising fucose, galactose, mannose, glucuronic acid and xylose in a molar ratio of 1:0.85:0.41:0.34: 0.15.
3. The novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan nanoparticles according to claim 1, wherein the fucoxanthin is extracted from Sargassum horneri and is determined to be fucoxanthin by high performance liquid chromatography, and the yield is 0.38 mg/g.
4. The novel fucoidan-loaded fucoidan nanoparticle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the nanoparticle is 360-430nm, the Zeta potential is 26-31mV, the PDI is 0.23-0.27, the Fuc complexation rate is 89-91%, and the fucoxanthin loading rate is 89-94%.
5. The infrared spectrum of the nano particles shows characteristic absorption peaks of chitosan and fucoidan sulfate, which indicates that non-covalent interaction exists between the chitosan and the fucoidan sulfate, wherein 1643cm < -1 > is a stretching vibration absorption peak of chitosan amide C = O, 1560cm < -1 > is a bending vibration absorption peak of chitosan N-H, and 1249cm < -1 > is an S = O stretching vibration absorption peak of fucoidan sulfate.
6. The novel fucoidan-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticle according to claim 1, wherein the in vitro simulated digestion of the nanoparticle comprises the steps of taking 15mL of nanoparticle solution with different proportions, adding 15mL of artificial gastric juice, ultrasonically mixing uniformly to uniformly distribute the nanoparticles in the artificial gastric juice, precisely sampling 3mL at 0h, 1h, 2h, 4h and 6h, centrifuging at 3000rpm for 10min, and measuring the particle size, the Fuc recombination rate and the fucoxanthin loading rate; adjusting pH of the residual nanoparticle solution to 6.8 with sodium carbonate, adding 15mL of artificial intestinal juice, mixing with ultrasound, precisely sampling for 3mL at 3000rpm for 10min at 0h, 1h, 2h, 4h and 6h, and measuring particle diameter, Fuc compounding rate and fucoxanthin loading rate.
7. The novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticle according to claim 1, wherein the in vitro simulated digestion of the nanoparticle shows that the particle size, the Fuc complexation rate and the fucoxanthin loading rate of the loaded nanoparticle do not significantly change with the time in the artificial gastric fluid, while the particle size is significantly increased and the Fuc complexation rate and the fucoxanthin loading rate are significantly decreased in the artificial intestinal fluid.
8. A preparation method of fucoidan sulfate nanoparticles loaded with fucoxanthin is characterized in that fucoidan sulfate is prepared by ⑴ drying Sargassum horneri at 40 ℃, crushing, degreasing, adding 2% CaCl2 solution into degreased alga powder, extracting at 60-70 ℃, separating clear liquid, repeating for 2-3 times, carrying out ultrafiltration, concentration and alcohol precipitation on the clear liquid, collecting precipitate parts to obtain crude polysaccharide, ⑵ dissolving the crude polysaccharide with the concentration of 1% -5%, purifying through ion exchange chromatography to obtain fucoidan sulfate, wherein in the degreasing step of step (1), 95% ethanol with the volume of 10-30 times is added, stirring is carried out for 24-72 hours at room temperature, repeating for 2-3 times, alcohol precipitation is carried out by adding 95% ethanol with the volume of 3 times, and standing is carried out at 4 ℃ overnight, and in the ion exchange chromatography step (2), the ion exchange chromatography is a chromatography DEAE-Sephase Fast, and elution is carried out by using 0.5 moL/L sodium chloride aqueous solution.
9. A preparation method of novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticles is characterized by comprising the following steps: the fucoxanthin is prepared by oven drying Sargassum horneri at 40 deg.C, and pulverizing.
10. Taking a proper amount of algae powder, adding anhydrous methanol and algae powder: the absolute methanol is 1:6 (W/V), the ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 1h, and the ultrasonic power is 100 percent; after extraction, centrifugation is carried out, supernatant is collected, and the supernatant is filtered through a 0.22 mu m filter membrane and dried by a nitrogen blower.
11. Fucoxanthin was determined by high performance liquid chromatography, and the yield was 0.38 mg/g.
12. The method for preparing the novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticles according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: preparing 1mg/mL fucus fucoidan sulfate Fuc solution (containing 2mg/mL fucoxanthin) and 1mg/mL chitosan Cs solution (dissolved by 0.2% acetic acid solution), respectively dropwise adding the Cs solution into the Fuc solution by adopting a polyelectrolyte self-assembly method according to the volume ratio of Fuc to CS of 0.6-1.0:1 under the ultrasonic condition, and continuing to perform ultrasonic treatment for 20-30min to obtain the nanoparticle solution.
13. The method for preparing the novel fucoxanthin-loaded fucoidan sulfate nanoparticles according to claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: fucoxanthin is dissolved in 1/10 volume of anhydrous ethanol, and then added to fucoidan sulfate solution to obtain fucoxanthin final concentration of 2mg/mL and fucoidan sulfate final concentration of 1 mg/mL.
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Application publication date: 20200211