CN110767926B - Preparation method of fuel cell - Google Patents
Preparation method of fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN110767926B CN110767926B CN201910743510.0A CN201910743510A CN110767926B CN 110767926 B CN110767926 B CN 110767926B CN 201910743510 A CN201910743510 A CN 201910743510A CN 110767926 B CN110767926 B CN 110767926B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1041—Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends
- H01M8/1046—Mixtures of at least one polymer and at least one additive
- H01M8/1048—Ion-conducting additives, e.g. ion-conducting particles, heteropolyacids, metal phosphate or polybenzimidazole with phosphoric acid
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a fuel cell, which comprises the following steps: fully dissolving 25-28% by mass of polyaniline in ethanol to obtain a mixture A; fully dissolving 13-17% by mass of polyvinyl chloride in dichloroethane to obtain a mixture B; mixing potassium chloride powder, phosphotungstic acid and polypropylene according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.3-0.7: 7-10, and then heating until the polypropylene is in a molten state to obtain a mixture C; mixing the mixture A, B and C according to the mass ratio of 1: 1-5: 8-15, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture D; preparing carbon fiber paper with the surface coated with water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers; soaking the carbon fiber paper coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fiber on the surface into the mixture D, then transferring the mixture D into a vacuum concentrator, and concentrating the mixture in vacuum until the solvent is completely volatilized; and drying the concentrated composite material and fixing the electrode to obtain a finished product. The invention can effectively improve the conductivity of the fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, particularly relates to a preparation method of a fuel cell, and more particularly relates to a preparation method of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Background
The fuel cell is a device for directly converting chemical energy into electric energy, and utilizes fuel such as hydrogen, natural gas, methanol and the like and pure oxygen or air as raw materials to respectively generate oxidation-reduction reactions at a cathode and an anode of the cell so as to continuously generate direct current. Fuel cells can be divided into six major classes: phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells (PAFCs), Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells (MCFCs), Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs), direct methanol fuel cells (DAFCs), Alkaline Fuel Cells (AFCs), and Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs). Among them, the pem fuel cell is considered to be the most promising power source for aerospace, military, electric vehicle and regional power station due to its advantages of no noise, zero pollution, no corrosion, high power density, high conversion efficiency, low-temperature start-up, small size, etc.
Currently, the development of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, which include a proton exchange membrane with an electrode between two electrodes, is receiving more and more attention from various countries. The membrane material in the fuel cell plays a very important role in the energy conversion of the membrane fuel cell. The composition of the membrane has a great influence on the conductivity of the membrane material, so that the membrane material of the fuel cell needs to be optimally selected to improve the proton conductivity of the fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects and provides a preparation method of a fuel cell to solve the problem of low proton conductivity of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention provides a preparation method of a fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:
fully dissolving 25-28% by mass of polyaniline in ethanol to obtain a mixture A;
fully dissolving 13-17% of polyvinyl chloride in dichloroethane by mass percent to obtain a mixture B;
mixing potassium chloride powder, phosphotungstic acid and polypropylene according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.3-0.7: 7-10, and then heating until the polypropylene is in a molten state to obtain a mixture C;
mixing the mixture A, B and C according to the mass ratio of 1: 1-5: 8-15, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture D;
dipping and pulling the carbon fiber paper in water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers, and drying at 20-100 ℃ to obtain the carbon fiber paper with the surface coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers;
soaking the carbon fiber paper coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fiber on the surface into the mixture D, then transferring the mixture D into a vacuum concentrator, and carrying out vacuum concentration at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ until the solvent is completely volatilized;
and drying the concentrated composite material, and fixing electrodes at two ends of the composite material to obtain a finished product.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the carbon fiber is used as a carrier, the surface of the carbon fiber is coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fiber, so that the base material of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell has a compact structure, a smooth surface and low resistivity, and then the carbon fiber coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fiber is immersed in mixed liquid consisting of polyaniline, potassium chloride, phosphotungstic acid, polyvinyl chloride and polypropylene, so that the conductivity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell can be effectively improved, and the proton conductivity is higher than that of a common proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:
(1) fully dissolving 25-28% by mass of polyaniline in ethanol to obtain a mixture A; fully dissolving 13-17% by mass of polyvinyl chloride in dichloroethane to obtain a mixture B; mixing potassium chloride powder, phosphotungstic acid and polypropylene according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.3-0.7: 7-10, and then heating until the polypropylene is in a molten state to obtain a mixture C; mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the mixture C according to a mass ratio of 1: 1-5: 8-15, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture D;
(2) dipping and pulling the carbon fiber paper in water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers, and drying at 20-100 ℃ to obtain the carbon fiber paper with the surface coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers;
(3) soaking the carbon fiber paper coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fiber on the surface into the mixture D, then transferring the mixture D into a vacuum concentrator together, and carrying out vacuum concentration at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ until the solvent is completely volatilized; and drying the concentrated composite material, and fixing electrodes at two ends of the composite material to obtain a finished product.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the carbon fiber paper is dipped and pulled in water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers, and dried to obtain a carbon fiber paper with the surface coated with water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers, specifically: and (2) soaking the carbon fiber paper in water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers for 2 seconds, then pulling at the pulling speed of 0.05-0.5 cm/s, then carrying out heat treatment on the carbon fiber paper at the temperature of 20-100 ℃ for 5-0.5 min, and repeating the process for 1-20 times.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polyaniline is present in an amount of 26% by mass.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polyvinyl chloride is present in an amount of 14% by mass.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the potassium chloride powder, the phosphotungstic acid and the polypropylene is 1: 0.5: 8.
as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixture a, the mixture B and the mixture C are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:3: 10 and mixing uniformly.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The experimental methods in the present invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The experimental materials used in the present invention were all purchased from the market unless otherwise specified.
Example 1:
embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a fuel cell, including the steps of:
(1) fully dissolving polyaniline with the mass fraction of 25% in ethanol to obtain a mixture A; fully dissolving 13% of polyvinyl chloride in mass fraction in dichloroethane to obtain a mixture B; mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1: 0.3: 9, mixing the potassium chloride powder, the phosphotungstic acid and the polypropylene, and heating until the polypropylene is in a molten state to obtain a mixture C; uniformly mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the mixture C according to the mass ratio of 1:1:8 to obtain a mixture D;
(2) soaking the carbon fiber paper in water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers for 2s, then pulling at the pulling speed of 0.05cm/s, then carrying out heat treatment on the carbon fiber paper at 20 ℃ for 5min, repeating the process for 1 time, and drying to obtain the carbon fiber paper with the surface coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers;
(3) soaking the carbon fiber paper coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fiber on the surface into the mixture D, then transferring the mixture D into a vacuum concentrator, and concentrating the mixture at the temperature of 60 ℃ in vacuum until the solvent is completely volatilized; and drying the concentrated composite material, and fixing electrodes at two ends of the composite material to obtain a finished product.
The proton conductivity of the fuel cell in example 1 was measured by the following method: the impedance of the prepared fuel cell is measured on an electrochemical workstation (Zahner IM6EX) by adopting a two-electrode alternating current impedance method, and the test frequency is 1 HZ-1 MHZ. The conductivity test was performed in a dry container and the temperature was controlled at 100 ℃. Before this is measured as the temperature point, the sample is kept at this temperature for 30min and the proton conductivity is calculated according to the following formula:
σ＝l/RS
where σ is proton conductivity (S/cm), l is the distance between the two electrodes (cm), R is the AC impedance of the sample being tested, and S is the cross-sectional area of the fuel cell.
The proton conductivity of the fuel cell of example 1 was finally found to be 0.21S/cm by measuring the proton conductivity of the fuel cell of example 1.
Example 2:
embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a fuel cell, including the steps of:
(1) fully dissolving polyaniline with the mass fraction of 28% in ethanol to obtain a mixture A; fully dissolving 17% of polyvinyl chloride in mass fraction in dichloroethane to obtain a mixture B; mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1: 0.7: 10, mixing potassium chloride powder, phosphotungstic acid and polypropylene, and heating until the polypropylene is in a molten state to obtain a mixture C; uniformly mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the mixture C according to the mass ratio of 1:5:15 to obtain a mixture D;
(2) soaking the carbon fiber paper in water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers for 2s, then pulling at a pulling speed of 0.5cm/s, then carrying out heat treatment on the carbon fiber paper at 100 ℃ for 0.5min, repeating the process for 20 times, and drying to obtain the carbon fiber paper with the surface coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers;
(3) soaking the carbon fiber paper coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fiber on the surface into the mixture D, then transferring the mixture D into a vacuum concentrator, and concentrating the mixture at 80 ℃ in vacuum until the solvent is completely volatilized; and drying the concentrated composite material, and fixing electrodes at two ends of the composite material to obtain a finished product.
The proton conductivity of the fuel cell of this example was tested in the same manner as in example 1, and the proton conductivity of the fuel cell of example 2 was finally found to be 0.18S/cm by measuring the proton conductivity of the fuel cell of example 2.
Example 3:
embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a method for producing a fuel cell, including the steps of:
(1) fully dissolving polyaniline with the mass fraction of 26% in ethanol to obtain a mixture A; fully dissolving 14 mass percent of polyvinyl chloride in dichloroethane to obtain a mixture B; mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 8, mixing the potassium chloride powder, the phosphotungstic acid and the polypropylene, and heating until the polypropylene is in a molten state to obtain a mixture C; mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the mixture C according to a mass ratio of 1:3: 10, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture D;
(2) soaking the carbon fiber paper in water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers for 2s, then pulling at a pulling speed of 0.2cm/s, then carrying out heat treatment on the carbon fiber paper at 50 ℃ for 2min, repeating the process for 7 times, and drying to obtain the carbon fiber paper with the surface coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers;
(3) soaking the carbon fiber paper coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fiber on the surface into the mixture D, then transferring the mixture D into a vacuum concentrator, and concentrating the mixture at 70 ℃ in vacuum until the solvent is completely volatilized; and drying the concentrated composite material, and fixing electrodes at two ends of the composite material to obtain a finished product.
The proton conductivity of the fuel cell of this example was tested in the same manner as in example 1, and the proton conductivity of the fuel cell of example 3 was finally found to be 0.24S/cm by measuring the proton conductivity of the fuel cell of example 3.
Example 4:
embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a fuel cell, including the steps of:
(1) fully dissolving polyaniline with the mass fraction of 26% in ethanol to obtain a mixture A; fully dissolving 15% of polyvinyl chloride in mass fraction in dichloroethane to obtain a mixture B; mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 8, mixing the potassium chloride powder, the phosphotungstic acid and the polypropylene, and heating until the polypropylene is in a molten state to obtain a mixture C; uniformly mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the mixture C according to the mass ratio of 1:3:12 to obtain a mixture D;
(2) soaking the carbon fiber paper in water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers for 2s, then pulling at the pulling speed of 0.4cm/s, then carrying out heat treatment on the carbon fiber paper at 60 ℃ for 2.5min, repeating the process for 10 times, and drying to obtain the carbon fiber paper with the surface coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers;
(3) soaking the carbon fiber paper coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fiber on the surface into the mixture D, then transferring the mixture D into a vacuum concentrator, and concentrating the mixture at 65 ℃ in vacuum until the solvent is completely volatilized; and drying the concentrated composite material, and fixing electrodes at two ends of the composite material to obtain a finished product.
The proton conductivity of the fuel cell of this example was tested in the same manner as in example 1, and the proton conductivity of the fuel cell of example 4 was finally found to be 0.23S/cm by measuring the proton conductivity of the fuel cell of example 4.
Example 5:
embodiment 5 of the present invention provides a method for producing a fuel cell, including the steps of:
(1) fully dissolving polyaniline with the mass fraction of 26% in ethanol to obtain a mixture A; fully dissolving 15% of polyvinyl chloride in mass fraction in dichloroethane to obtain a mixture B; mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1: 0.4: 7, mixing the potassium chloride powder, the phosphotungstic acid and the polypropylene, and heating until the polypropylene is in a molten state to obtain a mixture C; uniformly mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the mixture C according to the mass ratio of 1:2:10 to obtain a mixture D;
(2) soaking the carbon fiber paper in water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers for 2s, then pulling at the pulling speed of 1.5cm/s, then carrying out heat treatment on the carbon fiber paper at 70 ℃ for 2.5min, repeating the process for 13 times, and drying to obtain the carbon fiber paper with the surface coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers;
(3) soaking the carbon fiber paper coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fiber on the surface into the mixture D, then transferring the mixture D into a vacuum concentrator together, and concentrating the mixture at 75 ℃ in vacuum until the solvent is completely volatilized; and drying the concentrated composite material, and fixing electrodes at two ends of the composite material to obtain a finished product.
The proton conductivity of the fuel cell of this example was tested in the same manner as in example 1, and the proton conductivity of the fuel cell of example 5 was finally found to be 0.19S/cm by measuring the proton conductivity of the fuel cell of example 5.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method of making a fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
fully dissolving 25-28% by mass of polyaniline in ethanol to obtain a mixture A;
fully dissolving 13-17% of polyvinyl chloride in dichloroethane by mass percent to obtain a mixture B;
mixing potassium chloride powder, phosphotungstic acid and polypropylene according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.3-0.7: 7-10, and then heating until the polypropylene is in a molten state to obtain a mixture C;
mixing the mixture A, B and C according to the mass ratio of 1: 1-5: 8-15, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture D;
dipping and pulling the carbon fiber paper in a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fiber solution, and drying at 20-100 ℃ to obtain the carbon fiber paper with the surface coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fiber;
soaking the carbon fiber paper coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fiber on the surface into the mixture D, then transferring the mixture D into a vacuum concentrator, and carrying out vacuum concentration at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ until the solvent is completely volatilized;
and drying the concentrated composite material, and fixing electrodes at two ends of the composite material to obtain a finished product.
2. The method for preparing the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the carbon fiber paper is dipped and pulled in a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fiber solution, and is dried to obtain the carbon fiber paper with the surface coated with the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fiber, specifically:
and (2) soaking the carbon fiber paper in a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fiber solution for 2s, then pulling at a pulling speed of 0.05-0.5 cm/s, then carrying out heat treatment on the carbon fiber paper at 20-100 ℃ for 5-0.5 min, and repeating the process for 1-20 times.
3. The method for manufacturing a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of the polyaniline is 26%.
4. The method for producing a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl chloride is present in an amount of 14% by mass.
5. The method for producing a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the potassium chloride powder, the phosphotungstic acid, and the polypropylene is 1: 0.5: 8.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102088075A (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2011-06-08 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Electrode material of conductive polyaniline composite membrane and preparation method thereof |
| WO2013154623A1 (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2013-10-17 | California Institute Of Technology | Novel separators for electrochemical systems |
| CN104091907A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-10-08 | 苏州经贸职业技术学院 | Fuel cell membrane material and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102088075A (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2011-06-08 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Electrode material of conductive polyaniline composite membrane and preparation method thereof |
| WO2013154623A1 (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2013-10-17 | California Institute Of Technology | Novel separators for electrochemical systems |
| CN104091907A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-10-08 | 苏州经贸职业技术学院 | Fuel cell membrane material and preparation method thereof |
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