CN110767778B - Manufacturing method of solar cell through groove, solar cell and photovoltaic module - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of solar cell through groove, solar cell and photovoltaic module Download PDFInfo
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- CN110767778B CN110767778B CN201911075507.2A CN201911075507A CN110767778B CN 110767778 B CN110767778 B CN 110767778B CN 201911075507 A CN201911075507 A CN 201911075507A CN 110767778 B CN110767778 B CN 110767778B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004093 laser heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1876—Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
- H01L31/188—Apparatus specially adapted for automatic interconnection of solar cells in a module
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
- H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1804—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof comprising only elements of Group IV of the Periodic System
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/547—Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a solar cell through groove, wherein the through groove penetrates through the thickness direction of a cell, the manufacturing method comprises the step of cutting the cell alternately by using laser and water to break the cell along a cutting path so as to form the through groove, wherein the cell is cut by using the laser at the beginning and is ensured not to break after the laser is cut. According to the manufacturing method of the solar cell through groove, the preset cutting path is heated by laser, then the cutting path is cooled by water, and the solar cell is cut off along the cutting path through cold and hot alternation, so that the through groove is formed, the prepared through groove is neat in section, free of cracks, less in damage of the solar cell and capable of reducing the hidden cracking risk of the solar cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar cell manufacturing, in particular to a manufacturing method of a through groove of a solar cell, the solar cell with the through groove prepared by the manufacturing method and a photovoltaic module prepared by the solar cell.
Background
Solar photovoltaic power generation has become a new industry which is concerned and developed intensively worldwide due to the characteristics of cleanness, safety, convenience, high efficiency and the like.
With the continuous progress of solar energy technology and the high-speed growth of large-scale system power stations, as the available photovoltaic power generation land resources are continuously reduced, the demand of high-efficiency crystalline silicon battery components is continuously increased, the solar market is developed in the future, and the photovoltaic power generation is mainly focused on the development and application of the high-efficiency crystalline silicon battery components.
In order to reduce the space between the cells and realize the package of the high-density module, for example, application No. 201820891980.2, the utility model named "solar cell and photovoltaic module" discloses a through groove formed at the end of the cell main grid and a method for forming the through groove, wherein the through groove is formed by cutting with a laser cutting method, but the through groove formed by the method has irregular section and large damage to the cell, and has cracks (the section SEM image of the cell at the through groove is shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3), so that the risk of hidden cracks of the cell is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an improved method for manufacturing a through groove of a solar cell, in which damage to the cell due to the through groove is reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a manufacturing method of a solar cell through groove penetrates through a cell in the thickness direction of the cell, the manufacturing method comprises the step of cutting the cell alternately by laser and water to break the cell along a cutting path so as to form the through groove, wherein the cutting is carried out by the laser at the beginning and the cell is ensured not to break after the laser cutting.
Preferably, the number of the alternate cutting is 1, 2, 3 or more, and the cell piece is completely broken along the cutting path to form the through groove under the water cutting effect of the last alternate cutting. The most preferable alternate cutting frequency is one time, the energy consumption is low, the efficiency is high, and the regularity of the section of the through groove is more facilitated.
Preferably, the path of the laser cut and the path of the water cut are kept identical during each alternate cut to ensure the regularity of the section at the through slot.
Preferably, in each alternate cutting, water cutting is carried out within 1-2s after laser cutting, the interval time is not too long, poor cutting effect and irregular section caused by excessive cooling of the cell pieces are prevented, and the short interval time is also beneficial to improving the productivity.
Preferably, the parameters of the laser cutting are as follows: the laser power is 15-20W, the laser frequency is 500-600kHz, and the laser running speed is 18000-22000 cm/min.
More preferably, the laser cutting time is 1-2 s.
Preferably, the parameters of the water cutting are as follows: cutting by using deionized water at normal temperature, wherein the initial spraying speed of the deionized water during cutting is 15000-20000 cm/min.
More preferably, the water cutting time is 1-2 s.
In a specific embodiment, a preset cutting path is heated by laser, then the cutting path is cooled by water or other cooling liquid or gas, and the battery piece is cut off along the cutting path through cold and hot alternation, so that a through groove is formed, the prepared through groove is neat in section, free of cracks, less in damage to the battery piece and capable of reducing the subfissure risk of the battery piece. And the cutting method can be used for cutting at any position of the cell slice, such as at the edge or inside of the cell slice and can be used for dividing one cell slice into two or more sliced cell slices.
The invention also provides a solar cell prepared by the preparation method, namely the solar cell is provided with the through groove formed by the preparation method.
Specifically, in some embodiments, the battery piece has a plurality of 5-14 main grid lines, a through groove is formed in at least one end portion of the battery piece in the length extending direction of part or all of the main grid lines, a notch of the through groove faces the outer side of the battery piece, and the width of the through groove is greater than or equal to the width of the main grid lines.
The invention also provides a photovoltaic module which comprises a front plate, a front packaging layer, a battery layer, a rear packaging layer and a rear plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the battery layer comprises at least two solar battery pieces and an interconnection strip for connecting the two solar battery pieces, and at least one of the two solar battery pieces which are adjacently arranged is the solar battery piece prepared by adopting the manufacturing method.
Specifically, in some embodiments, the battery layer includes a plurality of battery strings, at least one of two adjacent battery pieces on the same battery string is a solar battery piece provided with a through groove at an end of the main grid line, and the interconnection bar for electrically connecting the two battery pieces penetrates through the through groove.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the manufacturing method of the solar cell through groove, the preset cutting path is heated by laser, then the cutting path is cooled by water, and the solar cell is cut off along the cutting path through cold and hot alternation, so that the through groove is formed, the prepared through groove is neat in section, free of cracks, less in damage of the solar cell and capable of reducing the hidden cracking risk of the solar cell.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a first sectional SEM view of a solar cell in the prior art at a through groove;
FIG. 2 is a second SEM image of a cross section of a solar cell in the prior art at a through groove;
FIG. 3 is a SEM image of a cross section of a solar cell in the prior art at a through groove;
fig. 4 is a sectional SEM picture of the solar cell prepared in the preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention at the through groove;
fig. 5 is a sectional SEM image of the solar cell prepared in preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention at the through groove;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a solar cell sheet prepared in preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a solar cell sheet prepared in preferred embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a monolithic solar cell sheet prepared in preferred embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of a segmented solar cell fabricated in the preferred embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not a whole embodiment. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The photovoltaic module of this embodiment, including the front bezel that from top to bottom sets gradually, preceding encapsulated layer, battery layer, back encapsulated layer and back plate, the battery layer includes the interconnection strip of a plurality of battery clusters and the interior battery piece of electric connection battery cluster, and at least one between two adjacent battery pieces is for offering the solar wafer who link up the groove on the tip of main grid line on same battery cluster, and the interconnection strip passes from linking up the inslot, and the thickness direction of linking up the groove along the battery piece runs through. By the arrangement, the space between the adjacent battery pieces is reduced or even has no space, and more battery pieces can be accommodated in the photovoltaic module with the same size.
As shown in fig. 6, the battery piece in this embodiment has 5 main grid lines, through grooves are formed at both ends of all the main grid lines in the length extending direction, notches of the through grooves face the outer side of the battery piece, and the width of each through groove is greater than that of each main grid line.
The method for manufacturing the through groove provided by the embodiment is to cut the cell slice alternately by using laser and water so as to break the cell slice along the cutting path to form the through groove, wherein the cutting is performed by using the laser at the beginning and the cell slice is ensured not to break after the laser cutting.
The parameters of laser cutting in this example are as follows: the laser power is 20W, the laser frequency is 600kHz, the laser running speed, namely the moving speed of a laser is 22000cm/min, and the laser cutting time of the single cell slice is 1 s. The parameters for water cutting were as follows: the temperature is normal temperature, the adopted water is deionized water, the initial speed of spraying during cutting is 20000cm/min, and the time of water cutting of the single cell is 1 s. Here the initial velocity of the spray is the velocity of the water as it leaves the cutting head of the cutting machine.
In the embodiment, the number of times of alternate cutting is one, and the energy consumption of one-time alternate cutting is low, the efficiency is high, and the tidiness of the section at the through groove is more facilitated. In other embodiments, the number of the alternate cutting is 2, 3 or more, and the through groove formed along the cutting path is completely cut off by the water cutting of the last alternate cutting.
In each alternate cutting, the path of laser cutting and the path of water cutting are kept consistent so as to ensure the tidiness of the section at the through groove. In each alternate cutting, water cutting is carried out within 2s after laser cutting, the interval time is not longer, poor cutting effect caused by excessive cooling of the battery piece is prevented, and the short interval time is also beneficial to improving the productivity.
Specifically, after the printing of the cell is finished, the cell is adsorbed and fixed, the laser is started, the infrared nanosecond laser beam is used for scribing and heating the preset part of the cell, the diameter of a laser spot is 110 micrometers, the laser heating time of a single cell is 1-2s, and the laser is turned off after the printing is finished. And then, the water jet cutter beam is opened, the preset part of the cell is repeatedly scribed and cooled, the cooling time of the single cell is 1-2s, and the scribing path of the laser is consistent with the scribing path of the water jet cutter beam, so that the grooved part at the edge of the cell is rapidly broken through cold and hot alternation, and the damage to the neat section is small. And blowing the battery piece after slotting to finish the whole slotting process.
The prepared through groove has the advantages of regular section, no crack, less damage to the battery piece and reduction of hidden crack risk of the battery piece. And the cutting method can be used for cutting at any position of the cell slice, such as at the edge or inside of the cell slice and can be used for dividing one cell slice into two or more sliced cell slices.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 7, the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module, the solar cell and the through groove in this embodiment is substantially similar to that of embodiment 1, except that: in this embodiment, a conventional whole battery piece is divided into two rectangular battery pieces, and then through grooves are formed at two ends of the main grid lines corresponding to the battery pieces in the extending direction. The method for dividing the whole cell into the divided cells and the method for forming the through grooves are the same as those in example 1.
Example 3
The manufacturing methods of the photovoltaic module, the solar cell and the through groove in the embodiment are basically similar to those in embodiment 1, and the difference is that: in this embodiment, the number of the main grid lines of the battery piece is 12, and the laser cutting parameters in this embodiment are as follows: the laser power is 15W, the laser frequency is 500kHz, the laser running speed, namely the moving speed of a laser is 18000cm/min, and the laser cutting time of a single cell slice is 2 s. The parameters for water cutting were as follows: the temperature is normal temperature, the adopted water is deionized water, the initial spraying speed during cutting is 15000cm/min, and the water cutting time of a single cell is 2 s; and water cutting is performed within 1s after the laser cutting. Here the initial velocity of the spray is the velocity of the water as it leaves the cutting head of the cutting machine.
When the through grooves are formed only at the two end parts of the main grid line, the battery piece can be used in a whole piece. In this embodiment, not only the two end portions of the main gate lines are provided with the through grooves, but also two through grooves are correspondingly provided in the middle of each main gate line, as shown in fig. 8. And then, cutting the battery piece between two through grooves in the middle of the main grid line, wherein the cutting method is the same as the method for forming the through grooves, and the cut battery piece is obtained as shown in fig. 9, wherein the cut battery piece also comprises 12 main grids, and the two end parts of each main grid are provided with the through grooves.
Example 4 results and discussion
The cell prepared in example 1 and the cross section of the through groove of the cell prepared by the method described in the background art were scanned by a scanning electron microscope, and the obtained scanning electron microscope images are shown in fig. 1 to 5.
As can be seen from the attached drawings, the through groove formed by the preparation method in the background technology has irregular section, large damage and cracks; the section of the through groove formed by the method in the embodiment 1 of the invention is neat, no crack exists, the damage to the battery piece is less, and the hidden crack risk of the battery piece is reduced.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the invention, and not to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A manufacturing method of a solar cell through groove, wherein the through groove penetrates through the thickness direction of a cell, and is characterized in that the manufacturing method comprises the steps of cutting the cell alternately by laser and water to break the cell along a cutting path so as to form the through groove, wherein the cell is cut by the laser at the beginning and is ensured not to be broken after the laser cutting;
in each alternate cutting, water cutting is carried out within 1-2s after laser cutting;
the laser cutting time is 1-2 s; the water cutting time is 1-2 s;
in each alternate cut, the path of the laser cut and the path of the water cut are kept consistent.
2. The method for manufacturing a solar cell through-groove according to claim 1, wherein: the number of times of the alternate cutting is 1, 2, 3 or more, and under the water cutting effect of the last alternate cutting, the cell piece is completely broken along the cutting path to form the through groove.
3. The method for manufacturing the solar cell through groove according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the laser cutting parameters are as follows: the laser power is 15-20W, the laser frequency is 500-600kHz, and the laser running speed is 18000-22000 cm/min.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the parameters of the water cutting are as follows: cutting by using deionized water at normal temperature, wherein the initial spraying speed of the deionized water during cutting is 15000-20000 cm/min.
5. A solar cell prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. A photovoltaic module comprises a front plate, a front packaging layer, a battery layer, a rear packaging layer and a rear plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the battery layer comprises at least two solar battery pieces and an interconnection strip for connecting the two solar battery pieces, and the photovoltaic module is characterized in that at least one of the two solar battery pieces which are adjacently arranged is a solar battery piece prepared by adopting the manufacturing method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911075507.2A CN110767778B (en) | 2019-11-06 | 2019-11-06 | Manufacturing method of solar cell through groove, solar cell and photovoltaic module |
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| CN201911075507.2A CN110767778B (en) | 2019-11-06 | 2019-11-06 | Manufacturing method of solar cell through groove, solar cell and photovoltaic module |
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| CN110767778B true CN110767778B (en) | 2021-05-14 |
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| CN111739827B (en) | 2020-08-10 | 2021-01-05 | 浙江晶科能源有限公司 | Method and device for manufacturing semiconductor sheet assembly |
| CN111922532A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-13 | 晶科能源有限公司 | Solar cell processing equipment and processing method |
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- 2019-11-06 CN CN201911075507.2A patent/CN110767778B/en active Active
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| JPH08154952A (en) * | 1994-06-13 | 1996-06-18 | Dentalwerk Buermoos Gmbh | Dental hand piece and its control |
| CN101221998A (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2008-07-16 | 广镓光电股份有限公司 | Semiconductor optoelectronic component and its cutting method |
| EP2256810A1 (en) * | 2009-05-29 | 2010-12-01 | Fondazione Bruno Kessler | Method for the production of a 3D solid-state radiation detector |
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