CN110763594B - Method for testing activation degree of rock asphalt - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及岩沥青活化度的测试方法，可用于加工企业或施工现场评价岩沥青活化性能。The invention relates to a method for testing the activation degree of rock asphalt, which can be used in processing enterprises or construction sites to evaluate the activation performance of rock asphalt.
背景技术Background technique
布敦岩沥青以矿石的形式存储，其中沥青的占比约为20％～30％，矿物无机物的占比约为70％～80％，沥青主要分布在矿物的缝隙中，如果不对其进行处理，直接将其与基质沥青融合进行改性，能发挥作用的有效沥青少之又少。因此，为有效利用岩沥青内的沥青，提高岩沥青改性的作用，必须提升岩沥青中有效沥青的利用率。Butonite asphalt is stored in the form of ore, in which the proportion of asphalt is about 20% to 30%, and the proportion of mineral inorganic matter is about 70% to 80%. Asphalt is mainly distributed in the gaps of minerals. There are very few effective asphalts that can play a role. Therefore, in order to effectively utilize the asphalt in the rock asphalt and improve the modification effect of the rock asphalt, the utilization rate of the effective asphalt in the rock asphalt must be improved.
“活化”处理工艺的技术关键在于：将岩沥青进行破碎、脱水等“活化”处治，并在高温下进行热细磨，有利于提高岩沥青的细度，有利于其在高温下与基质沥青胶合，进而提高岩沥青与基质沥青之间的胶合度，有利于充分发挥岩沥青的改性能力。研究经过高温“活化”后的岩沥青分子结构情况，可通过微观图像表征，经高温“活化”后的岩沥青分子极性极强，将基质沥青中的沥青分子与岩沥青中的树脂、灰分都连接在一起，形成一种稳定的多维网状结构，有效提高了基质沥青的性能。而目前在生产加工或施工过程中，并没有一种有效的方法可以测试岩沥青的“活化”效果。The technical key of the "activation" treatment process lies in the "activation" treatment of rock asphalt such as crushing and dehydration, and thermal fine grinding at high temperature, which is conducive to improving the fineness of rock asphalt, and is conducive to its ability to interact with matrix asphalt at high temperature. gluing, thereby improving the degree of bonding between the rock asphalt and the matrix asphalt, which is beneficial to give full play to the modification ability of the rock asphalt. To study the molecular structure of rock asphalt after "activation" at high temperature, it can be characterized by microscopic images. The molecular polarity of rock asphalt after "activation" at high temperature is extremely strong. They are all connected together to form a stable multi-dimensional network structure, which effectively improves the performance of the matrix asphalt. At present, there is no effective method to test the "activation" effect of rock asphalt in the process of production, processing or construction.
现有的坍落度试验主要用于工程中水泥混凝土稠度测试及评价，同时目测评价混凝土的粘聚性、保水性等。本发明通过对现有塌落度试验方法的改进，将坍落度试验方法用于岩沥青生产加工工艺中活化效果的评价，从而提供了一种有效的岩沥青活化度的测试方法。The existing slump test is mainly used for testing and evaluating the consistency of cement concrete in engineering, and at the same time visually evaluating the cohesion and water retention of concrete. By improving the existing slump test method, the present invention applies the slump test method to the evaluation of activation effect in rock asphalt production and processing technology, thereby providing an effective rock asphalt activation degree test method.
公开于该发明背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在加深对本发明的一般背景技术的理解，而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域技术人员所公知的现有技术。The information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明提供了一种岩沥青活化度的测试和评价方法。首先，对布敦岩沥青进行“活化”处理。然后，通过坍落度测定试验，对比“活化”处理前后，布敦岩沥青的变化情况。由于试验对象为布墩岩沥青，因此本试验前准备、试验步骤、结果判定等与通常的水泥混凝土坍落度试验有显著差别。本试验前需测试并控制岩沥青的含水率至小于或等于1％；考虑到岩沥青离析、样品均匀性的影响，需从试样的上、中、下部分别抽取样本。实验过程中主要设备需先在60℃的烘箱中养护1h；考虑到岩沥青粘性对试验结果的影响，需在坍落度筒四周及橡胶顶板底部涂抹隔离剂，且岩沥青装桶过程禁止插倒；坍落度筒取下的过程需在烘箱内完成，关闭烘箱后需静置10min后测量坍落度；计算结果需考虑坍落度标准值。The invention provides a method for testing and evaluating the activation degree of rock asphalt. First, "activating" the Butonite bitumen. Then, through the slump measurement test, the changes of the Buton rock asphalt before and after the "activation" treatment were compared. Since the test object is budun rock asphalt, the preparation, test steps, and result judgment of this test are significantly different from the usual cement concrete slump test. Before this test, it is necessary to test and control the water content of rock asphalt to be less than or equal to 1%; considering the influence of rock asphalt segregation and sample uniformity, samples should be taken from the upper, middle and lower parts of the sample. During the experiment, the main equipment needs to be cured in an oven at 60 °C for 1 hour; considering the influence of rock asphalt viscosity on the test results, it is necessary to apply a release agent around the slump cylinder and the bottom of the rubber roof, and it is forbidden to insert the rock asphalt during the barreling process. The process of removing the slump cylinder needs to be completed in the oven. After closing the oven, it needs to stand for 10 minutes and then measure the slump; the calculation result needs to consider the standard value of slump.
因此，本发明的主题为一种岩沥青活化度的测试方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：Therefore, the subject of the present invention is a test method for the activation degree of rock asphalt, which comprises the following steps:
1)将岩沥青进行活化；1) Activating the rock asphalt;
2)将活化的岩沥青通过坍落度测定试验进行活化度测试，其中，活化度测试包括以下步骤：2) The activated rock asphalt is subjected to an activation degree test by a slump measurement test, wherein the activation degree test comprises the following steps:
i)准备实验仪器并在活化的岩沥青成品区取样，将岩沥青试样搅拌均匀分成三份；i) Prepare the experimental instrument and take samples in the activated rock asphalt finished product area, stir the rock asphalt sample evenly and divide it into three parts;
ii)将三份岩沥青试样、砝码、塌落度桶、托盘置入烘箱中进行养护；ii) Place three rock asphalt samples, weights, slump buckets and trays into an oven for curing;
iii)将坍落度桶内壁均匀涂抹隔离剂后，放在托盘中央，将岩沥青倒在里面直至岩沥青表面高度高于坍落度桶上沿约1cm为止；iii) After evenly smearing the release agent on the inner wall of the slump bucket, put it in the center of the tray, and pour the rock asphalt into it until the height of the rock asphalt surface is about 1cm higher than the upper edge of the slump bucket;
iv)将橡胶板底部均匀涂抹隔离剂，放在岩沥青上，将砝码加在橡胶板正中心处；iv) Evenly spread the release agent on the bottom of the rubber sheet, put it on the rock asphalt, and add a weight to the center of the rubber sheet;
v)将托盘置入烘箱中，烘箱温度自60℃开始计时，保持15min；v) Put the tray into the oven, and the oven temperature starts timing from 60°C and keeps it for 15min;
vi)打开烘箱，取下砝码、橡胶板，用钢尺刮掉超出坍落桶上沿的岩沥青，使岩沥青面和坍落桶边缘在一个平面上，取下坍落桶，整个过程在烘箱中操作，时间不得超过1min；vi) Open the oven, remove the weight and rubber sheet, scrape off the rock asphalt beyond the upper edge of the slump bucket with a steel ruler, make the rock asphalt surface and the edge of the slump bucket on the same plane, remove the slump bucket, the whole process Operate in the oven, the time should not exceed 1min;
vii)关闭烘箱，10min后测量坍落高度a，vii) Turn off the oven, measure the slump height a after 10 minutes,
3)取三次塌落度平均值为该试样的塌落度值。3) Take the average value of three slumps as the slump value of the sample.
在本发明的一个实施方案中，将岩沥青活化包括以下步骤：将破碎粒径为3mm以下的岩沥青颗粒，加入到活化设备中，在150℃-180℃下脱水、搅拌并保持9分钟。In one embodiment of the present invention, the activation of rock asphalt includes the following steps: adding rock asphalt particles with a crushed particle size of less than 3 mm into an activation device, dewatering at 150°C-180°C, stirring and maintaining for 9 minutes.
在本发明的另一个实施方案中，活化度试验的实验仪器包括塌落度桶、钢尺、托盘、隔离剂、烘箱、橡胶板、砝码和电子天平。In another embodiment of the present invention, the experimental apparatus for the activation degree test includes a slump bucket, a steel ruler, a tray, a release agent, an oven, a rubber plate, a weight and an electronic balance.
在本发明的另一个实施方案中，取样是随机分取10个不同位置的岩沥青，每袋分取上、中、下三个部位，每个部位取200g。In another embodiment of the present invention, the sampling is to randomly divide rock asphalt from 10 different positions, and each bag is divided into three parts: upper, middle and lower, and 200 g of each part is taken.
在本发明的另一个实施方案中，在测试之前，提前开启烘箱，温度设定为60℃。In another embodiment of the present invention, before the test, the oven was turned on in advance, and the temperature was set to 60°C.
在本发明的另一实施方案中，在测试之前，按照T0305方法测试岩沥青的含水率，其值低于1％可进行下一步试验，大于1％应干燥处理。In another embodiment of the present invention, before the test, the water content of rock asphalt is tested according to the T0305 method. If the value is less than 1%, the next test can be performed, and if it is greater than 1%, it should be dried.
本发明通过采用改进后的坍落度法提供了一种全新有效的测试岩沥青活化度的方法。该试验方法在不改变岩沥青物理、化学特性的基础上，通过随机、分部位抽取样品，控制样品含水率，烘箱加热等措施，确保了试验结果的准确性，是岩沥青生产加工环节中评价其活化效果的最宏观、最直接的试验方法，且操作简便、可实施性高，便于在生产及施工过程中推广应用。The invention provides a brand-new and effective method for testing the activation degree of rock asphalt by adopting the improved slump method. On the basis of not changing the physical and chemical properties of rock asphalt, this test method ensures the accuracy of the test results by randomly sampling samples from different parts, controlling the moisture content of the samples, and heating in an oven. It is the most macroscopic and direct test method for its activation effect, and is easy to operate and highly implementable, which is convenient for popularization and application in the production and construction process.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1示出了本发明测量坍落度的示意图。Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the present invention for measuring slump.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
首先，岩沥青活化包括以下步骤：将破碎粒径为3mm以下的岩沥青颗粒，加入到活化设备中，在150℃-180℃下脱水、搅拌并保持9分钟；由于岩沥青中的水分会形成一个张力膜，降低岩沥青的粘聚力，测试标准设定中需要严格控制含水量，减少可变含水量对活化度测试的影响，因此，将脱水后的岩沥青颗粒的含水率控制在5％以下。该工艺使岩沥青中的树脂成分激活，被激活的油份包裹着砂粒，将原来岩石状态的沥青转化为胶溶状态的沥青，有利于提高沥青的使用效果，而且活化工艺简单，能耗低，对施工的要求不高，可以实现大范围的应用。First, the activation of rock asphalt includes the following steps: adding rock asphalt particles with a crushed particle size of less than 3 mm into the activation equipment, dehydrating, stirring and maintaining at 150 ° C - 180 ° C for 9 minutes; due to the moisture in the rock asphalt will form A tension membrane reduces the cohesion of rock asphalt. The water content needs to be strictly controlled in the test standard setting to reduce the influence of variable water content on the activation degree test. Therefore, the moisture content of the dehydrated rock asphalt particles is controlled at 5. %the following. The process activates the resin components in the rock asphalt, the activated oil wraps the sand grains, and converts the original rock-state asphalt into peptized asphalt, which is beneficial to improve the use effect of the asphalt, and the activation process is simple and low in energy consumption. , The requirements for construction are not high, and a wide range of applications can be realized.
然后，进行岩沥青活化度的测试。测试中需要考虑是否会因为岩沥青含油量、测试模具的光滑度、硬度等对精准度造成负面影响。试验方法需要尽力避免上述影响，另，活化岩沥青自身粘聚力高，长期储放过程中，由于吸热沥青的粘性体会附着周围岩石颗粒，影响活化度测试，测试方法中应考虑此因素。Then, the test of the activation degree of rock asphalt is carried out. In the test, it is necessary to consider whether the oil content of the rock asphalt, the smoothness and hardness of the test mold, etc. will have a negative impact on the accuracy. The test method needs to try to avoid the above effects. In addition, activated rock asphalt has high self-cohesion. During long-term storage, the viscosity of endothermic asphalt will adhere to surrounding rock particles, which affects the activation degree test. This factor should be considered in the test method.
岩沥青活化度宏观测试方法：Macro test method for activation degree of rock asphalt:
1.试验仪器1. Test equipment
坍落度桶：上口100mm，下口200mm，高300mm；Slump barrel: upper mouth 100mm, lower mouth 200mm, height 300mm;
钢尺：量程500mm，刻度1mm；Steel ruler: measuring range 500mm, scale 1mm;
托盘：800mm×800mm；Tray: 800mm×800mm;
隔离剂：甘油与滑石粉以2:1比例混合；Release agent: glycerin and talc are mixed in a ratio of 2:1;
烘箱：加热范围不低于100℃，控温精度±2℃；Oven: The heating range is not less than 100°C, and the temperature control accuracy is ±2°C;
橡胶板：厚度2-5mm，长120mm×宽120mm；Rubber sheet: thickness 2-5mm, length 120mm × width 120mm;
砝码：圆柱状，500g；Weight: cylindrical, 500g;
电子天平：感量不大于0.5g。Electronic balance: the sense of the amount is not more than 0.5g.
2.取样2. Sampling
在活化岩沥青成品区取样，随机分取10个不同位置的岩沥青，每袋分取上、中、下三个部位，每个部位取200g，共计6kg。Samples were taken in the finished product area of activated rock asphalt, and the rock asphalt was randomly divided into 10 different positions. Each bag was divided into three parts: upper, middle and lower, and 200g was taken from each part, totaling 6kg.
3.实验准备3. Experiment Preparation
1)提前开启烘箱，温度设定为60℃；1) Turn on the oven in advance and set the temperature to 60°C;
2)按照T0305方法测试岩沥青的含水率，其值低于1％可进行下一步试验，大于1％应干燥处理；2) Test the water content of rock asphalt according to the T0305 method, if the value is less than 1%, the next step can be carried out, and if it is greater than 1%, it should be dried;
3)将岩沥青试样搅拌均匀分成三份，每份2kg。3) Stir the rock asphalt sample evenly and divide it into three parts, each part is 2kg.
4.操作步骤4. Operation steps
1)将三份岩沥青、砝码、坍落度桶、托盘置入60℃烘箱中，养护1h；1) Put three parts of rock asphalt, weights, slump buckets and trays into a 60°C oven for 1 hour of curing;
2)将坍落度桶内壁均匀涂抹隔离剂后，放在托盘中央，一边将岩沥青倒在里面，一边用钢尺轻轻抚平岩沥青表面，岩沥青表面高度高于坍落度桶上沿约1cm为止。不得刻意压实或捣实岩沥青；2) After evenly smearing the release agent on the inner wall of the slump bucket, place it in the center of the tray, while pouring the rock asphalt into it, gently smooth the surface of the rock asphalt with a steel ruler. The height of the rock asphalt surface is higher than that of the slump bucket. along about 1cm. No intentional compaction or tamping of rock asphalt;
3)将橡胶板底部均匀涂抹隔离剂，放在岩沥青上，刚好遮盖住整个表面位置为宜，将500g的砝码加在橡胶板正中心处；3) Evenly spread the release agent on the bottom of the rubber sheet, put it on the rock asphalt, just cover the entire surface position, and add a 500g weight to the center of the rubber sheet;
4)将托盘置入烘箱中，烘箱温度自60℃开始计时，保持15min，过程温度需精确控制在60℃(±0.5℃)；4) Put the tray into the oven, the oven temperature starts from 60°C and keeps for 15min, and the process temperature needs to be precisely controlled at 60°C (±0.5°C);
5)打开烘箱，取下砝码、橡胶板。用钢尺刮掉超出坍落桶上沿的岩沥青，使岩沥青面和坍落桶边缘在一个平面上，取下坍落桶。整个过程在烘箱中操作，时间不得超过1min；5) Open the oven and remove the weight and rubber plate. Scrape off the rock asphalt beyond the upper edge of the slump bucket with a steel ruler, so that the rock asphalt surface and the edge of the slump bucket are on the same plane, and then remove the slump bucket. The whole process is operated in an oven, and the time shall not exceed 1min;
6)关闭烘箱，10min后测量坍落高度a。6) Turn off the oven, and measure the slump height a after 10 minutes.
5.计算5. Calculation
取三次坍落度平均值为该试样的坍落度值，坍落高度a大于标准值h时活化不合格。Take the average value of three slumps as the slump value of the sample, and the activation fails when the slump height a is greater than the standard value h.
注：标准值根据试验收集数据确定，另做未活化的岩沥青对比值，标准值要高于未活化的岩沥青对比值，低于活化岩沥青试验值的下限为宜。Note: The standard value is determined according to the data collected by the test, and the comparison value of the unactivated rock asphalt is made separately. The standard value is higher than the comparison value of the unactivated rock asphalt, and lower than the lower limit of the activated rock asphalt test value.
以上对本发明的优选实施方式进行了描述。需要理解的是，本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式，其中未尽详细描述的试验设备和方法应该理解为用本领域中的普通方式予以实施；任何本领域技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围情况下，都可利用上述揭示的设备和方法对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰，或修改为等同变化的等效实施例，这并不影响本发明的实质内容。因此，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案保护的范围内。The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and the test equipment and methods that are not described in detail should be understood as being implemented in a common manner in the art; any person skilled in the art, without departing from the present invention Within the scope of the technical solution, many possible changes and modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention by using the devices and methods disclosed above, or modified into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
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