CN110763479A - Schlieren system based on quick compressor - Google Patents
Schlieren system based on quick compressor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110763479A CN110763479A CN201810826199.1A CN201810826199A CN110763479A CN 110763479 A CN110763479 A CN 110763479A CN 201810826199 A CN201810826199 A CN 201810826199A CN 110763479 A CN110763479 A CN 110763479A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/02—Details or accessories of testing apparatus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/10—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Compressor (AREA)
- Testing Of Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to equipment for researching shock wave and flame propagation characteristics in a fuel combustion process, and provides a schlieren system based on a rapid compressor. The system comprises a light source, a high-speed camera, a knife edge, a spectroscope, a first concave mirror, a second concave mirror and a quick compressor; the rapid compressor comprises a combustion chamber and a compression chamber, wherein one end cover of the combustion chamber is provided with a visual end cover, the other end of the combustion chamber is communicated with the compression chamber, and one end, facing the visual end cover, of a piston in the compression chamber is provided with a mirror surface; a light source and a diaphragm are arranged on an incident light path of the first concave mirror, and a spectroscope is arranged on a reflected light path; a quick compressor is arranged on a reflection light path of the spectroscope, the visual end cover is positioned on the reflection light path of the spectroscope, and a second concave mirror is arranged on a transmission light path of the spectroscope; the knife edge and the high-speed camera are sequentially arranged on the reflection light path of the second concave mirror. The invention can acquire the flame and shock wave structure in the combustion chamber in real time and capture the distribution of the flow field by utilizing the visual end cover and the mirror surface arranged at one end of the piston.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to equipment for researching shock wave and flame propagation characteristics in a fuel combustion process, in particular to a schlieren system based on a rapid compressor.
Background
At present, in order to meet the carbon dioxide emission regulation and achieve the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction, people generally adopt a mode of increasing a compression ratio to improve the efficiency of an engine, so that a supercharged small-displacement gasoline engine gradually becomes the main technical stream.
However, as energy density increases, the engine may knock, especially at low speed and high load conditions where super knock is highly likely to occur. When knocking occurs, combustion is deteriorated and even engine damage is caused. Research to date has found that conventional engine knock is caused by spontaneous combustion of the end mixture, whereas super knock is a violent pressure oscillation caused by the spontaneous combustion of the end resulting in a chemical reaction coupled with a shock wave to produce a detonation wave. Therefore, the interaction of the shock wave with the wall surface and the flame is revealed to have great significance for inhibiting the engine knocking, particularly for inhibiting super knocking, and feasibility is provided for further improving the thermal efficiency of the engine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a schlieren system based on a rapid compressor, so that workers can conveniently acquire flame and shock wave structures in a combustion chamber in real time.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a schlieren system based on a rapid compressor, which comprises a light source, a diaphragm, a high-speed camera, a knife edge, a spectroscope, a first concave mirror, a second concave mirror and the rapid compressor, wherein the diaphragm is arranged on the front side of the light source; the rapid compressor comprises a combustion chamber and a compression chamber, wherein one end cover of the combustion chamber is provided with a visual end cover, the other end of the combustion chamber is communicated with the compression chamber, and one end, facing the visual end cover, of a piston in the compression chamber is provided with a mirror surface; the light source and the diaphragm are sequentially arranged on an incident light path of the first concave mirror, and the spectroscope is arranged on a reflected light path; the quick compressor is arranged on a reflection light path of the spectroscope, the visual end cover is positioned on the reflection light path of the spectroscope, and the second concave mirror is arranged on a transmission light path of the spectroscope; and the knife edge and the high-speed camera are sequentially arranged on a reflection light path of the second concave mirror.
The visual end cover comprises a cover body, a viewing window body and quartz glass, wherein one end of the viewing window body is connected with the cover body, and the other end of the viewing window body is connected with the combustion chamber; the cover body is provided with a through hole, the middle part of the visual window body is embedded with the quartz glass, the quartz glass is in a step shape, and the outer diameter of the small end of the quartz glass and the inner diameter of the through hole are the same as the inner diameter of the combustion chamber.
Wherein, the lid with the window body is dismantled and is connected.
The piston comprises a piston body and a base, the base and the mirror surface are respectively arranged at two ends of the piston body, and the outer diameters of the mirror surface and the base are both larger than the outer diameter of the piston body; the side wall of the piston body and the mirror face the end face of the piston body and the base face the end face of the piston body jointly enclose to form a ring groove.
The piston comprises a piston body, a mirror surface, a threaded column and a threaded hole, wherein the end, facing the piston body, of the mirror surface is provided with the threaded column, and the piston body is provided with the threaded hole in threaded fit with the threaded column.
And a pressure sensor is inserted into the side wall of the combustion chamber and is electrically connected with the high-speed camera.
And a spark plug is inserted into the side wall of the combustion chamber.
The liquid drop hanger is arranged in the combustion chamber, one end of the liquid drop hanger is connected with the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and the other end of the liquid drop hanger is bent to form a hook portion.
The liquid drop hook comprises a base and a hook bonded on the base, a threaded hole is formed in the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and an external thread in threaded fit with the threaded hole is formed in the base.
The combustion chamber is communicated with the compression chamber through a plurality of compression ratio adjusting sheets, and the compression ratio adjusting sheets are sequentially detachably connected along the axial direction of the combustion chamber.
The invention has simple structure and convenient installation, and can form an axial visual field in the combustion chamber by covering the visual end cover on the combustion chamber and arranging the mirror surface at one end of the piston of the compression chamber facing the visual end cover, so that a worker can acquire the flame and shock wave structures in the combustion chamber in real time and capture a flow field by using the light source and the light speed camera.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a schlieren system based on a fast compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the rapid compressor in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view at A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a visualization end cap in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of a piston in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a combustion chamber in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a drop hanger in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a compression ratio adjusting piece in the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a light source; 2. a diaphragm; 3. a first concave mirror; 4. a beam splitter;
5. a rapid compressor; 5.1, a visual end cover; 5.1.1, a cover body; 5.1.2, window body;
5.1.3, quartz glass; 5.2, a combustion chamber; 5.2.1 air inlet holes; 5.3, a compression chamber;
5.4, a piston; 5.4.1, mirror surface; 5.4.2, a piston body; 5.4.3, a base;
5.5, compressing the compression ratio adjusting sheet; 5.6, a pressure sensor; 5.7, spark plug;
5.8, hanging the liquid drops; 5.8.1, a base; 5.8.2, hanging hooks; 6. a second concave mirror;
7. a knife edge; 8. high speed cameras.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the terms "front", "back", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the system or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
It is to be understood that, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the term "coupled" is used in a generic sense as defined herein, e.g., fixedly attached or removably attached or integrally attached; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the invention provides a schlieren system based on a fast compressor, which comprises a light source 1, a diaphragm 2, a high-speed camera 8, a knife edge 7, a spectroscope 4, a first concave mirror 3, a second concave mirror 6 and a fast compressor 5; the rapid compressor 5 comprises a combustion chamber 5.2 and a compression chamber 5.3, one end cover of the combustion chamber 5.2 is provided with a visual end cover 5.1, the other end of the combustion chamber is communicated with the compression chamber 5.3, and one end, facing the visual end cover 5.1, of a piston 5.4 in the compression chamber 5.3 is provided with a mirror surface 5.4.1; a light source 1 and a diaphragm 2 are sequentially arranged on an incident light path of the first concave mirror 3, and a spectroscope 4 is arranged on a reflection light path; a quick compressor 5 is arranged on a reflection light path of the spectroscope 4, a visual end cover 5.1 is positioned on the reflection light path of the spectroscope 4, and a second concave mirror 6 is arranged on a transmission light path of the spectroscope 4; a knife edge 7 and a high-speed camera 8 are sequentially arranged on a reflection light path of the second concave mirror 6.
Thus, in the experiment: firstly, the positions of the first concave mirror 3 and the spectroscope 4 relative to the rapid compressor 5 are respectively adjusted to ensure that the mirror surface 5.4.1 can reflect the light beam out in parallel after the light beam emitted by the light source 1 is reflected to the rapid compressor 5 through the first concave mirror 3 and the spectroscope 4.
Then, the light source 1 and the rapid compressor 5 are started, light beams emitted by the light source 1 pass through the diaphragm 2 to become point light sources and then enter the first concave mirror 3, the light beams are reflected by the first concave mirror 3 and then irradiate on the spectroscope 4, because the visual end cover 5.1 of the rapid compressor 5 is positioned on a reflection light path of the spectroscope 4, the light beams can directly pass through the visual end cover 5.1 and the combustion chamber 5.2 after being reflected by the spectroscope 4 and irradiate on the mirror surface 5.4.1 of the piston 5.4, the light beams reflected by the mirror surface 5.4.1 can again pass through the combustion chamber 5.2 and the visual end cover 5.1 and directly irradiate on the second concave mirror 6 through the spectroscope 4. Because the knife edge 7 and the high-speed camera 8 are sequentially positioned on the reflecting light path of the second concave mirror 6, the light beams focused and reflected by the second concave mirror 6 can be irradiated on the high-speed camera 8 after ghost interference is removed by the knife edge 7.
Therefore, according to the invention, the visual end cover 5.1 is covered on the combustion chamber 5.2, and the mirror surface 5.4.1 is arranged at one end, facing the visual end cover 5.1, of the piston 5.4 of the compression chamber 5.3, so that an axial visual field can be formed in the combustion chamber 5.2, and therefore, a worker can acquire the flame and shock wave structure in the combustion chamber 5.2 in real time by using the light source 1 and the high-speed camera 7, and can capture a flow field.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the visualization end cap 5.1 includes a cap body 5.1.1, a window body 5.1.2 and quartz glass 5.1.3, one end of the window body 5.1.2 is connected with the cap body 5.1.1, and the other end is connected with the combustion chamber 5.2; the cover body 5.1.1 is provided with a through hole, the middle part of the window body 5.1.2 is embedded with quartz glass 5.1.3, the quartz glass 5.1.3 is in a step shape, namely, a step hole matched with the shape of the quartz glass 5.1.3 is arranged in the window body 5.1.2, the quartz glass 5.1.3 is inserted in the step hole, and the outer diameter of the small end of the quartz glass 5.1.3 and the inner diameter of the through hole are the same as the inner diameter of the combustion chamber 5.2.
Furthermore, the cover body 5.1.1 is detachably connected with the window body 5.1.2. For example, the cover 5.1.1 is connected to the window 5.1.2 by means of screws.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the piston 5.4 includes a piston body 5.4.2 and a base 5.4.3, the base 5.4.3 and the mirror 5.4.1 are respectively disposed at two ends of the piston body 5.4.2, and the outer diameters of the mirror 5.4.1 and the base 5.4.3 are both larger than the outer diameter of the piston body 5.4.2; the side wall of the piston body 5.4.2, the end face of the mirror surface 5.4.1 facing the piston body 5.4.2 and the end face of the base 5.4.3 facing the piston body 5.4.2 are jointly surrounded to form a ring groove. The advantage of this arrangement is that the ring groove can be used to greatly reduce the turbulent vortex mass generated when the piston 5.4 compresses gas in the compression chamber 5.3, and then the piston 5.4 can achieve 0-dimensional homogeneous combustion after reaching the compression end point.
Furthermore, one end of the mirror surface 5.4.1 facing the piston body 5.4.2 is provided with a threaded column, and the piston body 5.4.2 is provided with a threaded hole in threaded fit with the threaded column, so that the mirror surface 5.4.1 can be maintained and replaced at any time.
Further, the piston body 5.4.2 is detachably connected with the base 5.4.3. The base 5.4.3 is connected to the piston body 5.4.2 by means of bolts, for example.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, a pressure sensor 5.6 is inserted on the side wall of the combustion chamber 5.2, and the pressure sensor 5.6 is electrically connected with the high-speed camera 8. Therefore, in the experiment, after the pressure sensor 5.6 sends the monitored pressure signal in the combustion chamber 5.2 to the high-speed camera 8, the high-speed camera 8 can be directly triggered, and the high-speed camera 8 can record the flame structure, the shock wave structure and the flow field in the combustion chamber 5.2.
Preferably, a spark plug 5.7 is inserted on the side wall of the combustion chamber 5.2, so that the operator can select the compression ignition combustion mode or the ignition combustion mode according to actual needs.
In addition, as shown in fig. 7, in order to facilitate the study of the evaporation and combustion behavior of the single liquid drop, a liquid drop hook 5.8 is arranged in the combustion chamber 5.2, one end of the liquid drop hook 5.8 is connected with the inner wall of the combustion chamber 5.2, and the other end is bent to form a hook part. Specifically, the liquid drop hanger 5.8 comprises a base 5.8.1 and a hanger 5.8.2 adhered to the base 5.8.1, a threaded hole is formed in the inner wall of the combustion chamber 5.2, and an external thread matched with the threaded hole in a threaded mode is formed in the base 5.8.1. Wherein, the thickness and the length of the hook 5.8.2 can be controlled by a hot wire drawing method so as to adapt to liquid drops with different sizes. The hook 5.8.2 can be made of quartz, but is not limited to the quartz.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 8, the combustion chamber 5.2 communicates with the compression chamber 5.3 through a plurality of compression ratio adjustment pieces 5.5, and the plurality of compression ratio adjustment pieces 5.5 are detachably connected in sequence in the axial direction of the combustion chamber 5.2. Therefore, by increasing or decreasing the number of the compression ratio adjusting sheets 5.5, the volume and the clearance height of the combustion chamber 5.2 can be changed under the condition that the stroke of the piston 5.4 in the rapid compressor 5 is kept unchanged by a worker, and then the compression ratio of the rapid compressor 5 is changed, so that the covered temperature and pressure range is obviously increased when the compression end point is reached, and the knocking working condition of the engine can be covered and widened.
Further, it is sealed through O shape sealing washer between the adjacent compression ratio adjustment piece 5.5, specifically, the ring groove that is used for inlaying the O shape sealing washer is all seted up at the front and back both ends of every compression ratio adjustment piece 5.5. The thickness of each compression ratio adjusting piece 5.5 may be the same or different.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the invention, but not to limit it; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A schlieren system based on a rapid compressor is characterized by comprising a light source, a diaphragm, a high-speed camera, a knife edge, a spectroscope, a first concave mirror, a second concave mirror and a rapid compressor; the rapid compressor comprises a combustion chamber and a compression chamber, wherein one end cover of the combustion chamber is provided with a visual end cover, the other end of the combustion chamber is communicated with the compression chamber, and one end, facing the visual end cover, of a piston in the compression chamber is provided with a mirror surface; the light source and the diaphragm are sequentially arranged on an incident light path of the first concave mirror, and the spectroscope is arranged on a reflected light path; the quick compressor is arranged on a reflection light path of the spectroscope, the visual end cover is positioned on the reflection light path of the spectroscope, and the second concave mirror is arranged on a transmission light path of the spectroscope; and the knife edge and the high-speed camera are sequentially arranged on a reflection light path of the second concave mirror.
2. The rapid compressor based schlieren system according to claim 1, wherein said visualization end cap comprises a cover body, a view window body and quartz glass, one end of said view window body is connected with said cover body, and the other end is connected with said combustion chamber; the cover body is provided with a through hole, the middle part of the visual window body is embedded with the quartz glass, the quartz glass is in a step shape, and the outer diameter of the small end of the quartz glass and the inner diameter of the through hole are the same as the inner diameter of the combustion chamber.
3. The rapid compressor-based schlieren system of claim 2, wherein the cover is removably attached to the window.
4. The texturing system based on the rapid compressor, which is characterized in that the piston comprises a piston body and a base, wherein the base and the mirror surface are respectively arranged at two ends of the piston body, and the outer diameters of the mirror surface and the base are both larger than the outer diameter of the piston body; the side wall of the piston body and the mirror face the end face of the piston body and the base face the end face of the piston body jointly enclose to form a ring groove.
5. The texturing system based on the rapid compressor, according to claim 4, wherein the end of the mirror surface facing the piston body is provided with a threaded post, and the piston body is provided with a threaded hole in threaded fit with the threaded post.
6. The rapid compressor based schlieren system according to claim 1, wherein a pressure sensor is inserted on a sidewall of the combustor, said pressure sensor being electrically connected to the high speed camera.
7. The rapid compressor based schlieren system according to claim 1, wherein a spark plug is inserted on a sidewall of the combustion chamber.
8. The texturing system based on the rapid compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a liquid drop hook is arranged in the combustion chamber, one end of the liquid drop hook is connected with the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and the other end of the liquid drop hook is bent to form a hook part.
9. The rapid compressor based schlieren system according to claim 8, wherein said liquid drop hanger comprises a base and a hanger adhered to said base, a threaded hole is provided on the inner wall of said combustion chamber, and an external thread is provided on said base for threaded engagement with said threaded hole.
10. The rapid compressor based schlieren system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said combustion chamber is in communication with said compression chamber through a plurality of compression ratio adjustment tabs, said plurality of compression ratio adjustment tabs being detachably connected in sequence along an axial direction of said combustion chamber.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810826199.1A CN110763479B (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | Schlieren system based on quick compressor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810826199.1A CN110763479B (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | Schlieren system based on quick compressor |
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| CN110763479A true CN110763479A (en) | 2020-02-07 |
| CN110763479B CN110763479B (en) | 2021-03-09 |
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