CN110762153B - Damping-adjustable electrorheological fluid shock absorber based on piezoelectric self-power supply - Google Patents

Damping-adjustable electrorheological fluid shock absorber based on piezoelectric self-power supply Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110762153B
CN110762153B CN201911064993.8A CN201911064993A CN110762153B CN 110762153 B CN110762153 B CN 110762153B CN 201911064993 A CN201911064993 A CN 201911064993A CN 110762153 B CN110762153 B CN 110762153B
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piston
piezoelectric
hole
electrorheological fluid
inner cylinder
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CN110762153A (en
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蒲华燕
夏一鸣
王敏
孙翊
李忠杰
丁基恒
罗均
彭艳
余淼
谢少荣
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Chongqing University
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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Chongqing University
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/53—Means for adjusting damping characteristics by varying fluid viscosity, e.g. electromagnetically
    • F16F9/532—Electrorheological [ER] fluid dampers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F16F9/3221—Constructional features of piston rods

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a damping adjustable electrorheological fluid shock absorber based on piezoelectric self-power supply, which relates to the technical field of vibration isolation and inhibition and comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a piston, a coil, two piston rods, two face springs, two end covers, two circuit systems and a plurality of piezoelectric patches, wherein electrorheological fluid is filled between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; one end of the other circuit system is connected with the piezoelectric sheet on the other surface spring, and the other end of the other circuit system is connected with the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. The device uses the energy of piezoelectric conversion in the power supply of the coil and the electrorheological fluid, can greatly improve the utilization rate of the energy, improves the vibration damping performance of the device, and has self-adaptive damping characteristic.

Description

Damping-adjustable electrorheological fluid shock absorber based on piezoelectric self-power supply
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vibration isolation and suppression, in particular to a damping adjustable electrorheological fluid shock absorber based on piezoelectric self-power supply.
Background
The high-frequency response characteristic and the electromechanical coupling characteristic of the piezoelectric material enable the piezoelectric material to be widely applied to structural intellectualization and vibration noise control, and the conversion from mechanical energy to electric energy can be realized through the piezoelectric reverse effect of the piezoelectric element. At present, the known electrorheological fluid shock absorber is composed of electrorheological fluid, a piston with an excitation coil and a cylinder for packaging the electrorheological fluid, and the viscosity of the electrorheological fluid is changed by utilizing the magneto-rheological effect through an electromagnetic field generated by an electrified coil, so that the damping force of the electrorheological fluid shock absorber is increased, and a good shock absorption effect is achieved. However, the power supply of the coil consumes additional power, and mechanical energy is also lost during vibration.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a damping adjustable electrorheological fluid shock absorber based on piezoelectric self-power supply, which uses the energy converted by piezoelectric in the power supply of a coil and electrorheological fluid, can greatly improve the utilization rate of the energy, improves the shock absorption performance of the device, and has the self-adaptive damping characteristic.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a damping adjustable electrorheological fluid shock absorber based on piezoelectric self-powered electricity, which comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a piston, a coil, two piston rods, two face springs, two end covers, two circuit systems and a plurality of piezoelectric sheets, wherein the two end covers are arranged at two ends of the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is sleeved in the outer cylinder, two ends of the inner cylinder are respectively connected with the two end covers, electrorheological fluid is filled between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the piston is arranged in the inner cylinder in a sliding manner, the coil is wound on the piston, two ends of the piston are respectively provided with one piston rod, one end of each piston rod, which is far away from the piston, penetrates through one end cover and is provided with one face spring, the face springs are respectively pasted with the piezoelectric sheets, one end of one circuit system is connected with the piezoelectric sheets on one face spring, the other end is connected with the coil; one end of the other circuit system is connected with the piezoelectric sheet on the other face spring, the other end of the other circuit system is connected with the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are made of conductive materials, and the end cover is made of insulating materials.
Preferably, the piston rod assembly further comprises two limiting rods and two guide rods, one end, far away from the piston, of each piston rod is fixedly provided with one limiting rod, the diameter of each limiting rod is smaller than that of each piston rod, one face spring is sleeved outside each limiting rod, one end of each guide rod is provided with a guide hole, the end part of each limiting rod is slidably installed in one guide hole, and two ends of each face spring are fixedly connected with the piston rod and the guide rods respectively.
Preferably, the piston rod further comprises two protection springs, and one protection spring is sleeved at one end, close to the piston, of each piston rod.
Preferably, still include first through-hole, second through-hole and side opening, first through-hole axial runs through one the piston rod and one the gag lever post, the gag lever post lateral wall is provided with the side opening, be provided with on the piston the second through-hole, one circuitry one end is passed in proper order through the wire the side opening first through-hole with the second through-hole with the coil is connected.
Preferably, the inner side of the end cover is provided with a first annular groove and a second annular groove, the inner cylinder is clamped in the first annular groove, and the outer cylinder is clamped in the second annular groove.
Preferably, the outer side of one of the end covers is provided with a first connection hole and a second connection hole, the first connection hole is communicated with the first annular groove, the second connection hole is communicated with the second annular groove, and one end of the other circuit system passes through the first connection hole through a wire to be connected with the inner cylinder and passes through the second connection hole to be connected with the outer cylinder.
Preferably, the circuit system comprises an input lead interface, a rectifying circuit, a DC-DC circuit, an energy storage circuit, a control circuit and an output lead interface which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the cross section of the surface spring is of a hexagonal structure, and a plurality of piezoelectric patches are respectively attached to four inclined surfaces of the surface spring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention provides a damping adjustable electrorheological fluid shock absorber based on piezoelectric self-power supply, which is provided with a piezoelectric energy conversion component, mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through the piezoelectric inverse effect of a piezoelectric sheet, the electric energy is respectively used for supplying power to a coil and the walls of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, electrorheological fluid is filled between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are sealed by an end cover made of an insulating material, an external magnetic field is applied through the coil to generate an electrorheological effect, the intensity of the applied external magnetic field is adjusted to obtain variable damping, meanwhile, the wall of the inner cylinder and the wall of the outer cylinder are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the piezoelectric sheet to generate an electric field, the damping of the electrorheological fluid is further increased, the shock absorber can realize. The vibration absorber has certain self-adaptability, the stronger the vibration excitation effect of the external environment, the larger the deformation of the piezoelectric sheet, the larger the generated current, the enhancement of the magnetic field in the coil and the electric field between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the larger the damping force generated by the electrorheological fluid.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a damping adjustable electrorheological fluid shock absorber based on piezoelectric self-powered technology provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the piston of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the left side piston rod of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the left end cap of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the right end cap of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a right side view of fig. 5.
Description of reference numerals: 1. an outer cylinder; 2. an inner barrel; 3. a piston; 4. a coil; 5. an end cap; 6. a piston rod; 7. a face spring; 8. a piezoelectric sheet; 9. a limiting rod; 10. a guide bar; 11. a protection spring; 12. a first through hole; 13. a second through hole; 14. a side hole; 15. a first annular groove; 16. a second annular groove; 17. a first connection hole; 18. a second connection hole; 19. a rectifying circuit; 20. a DC-DC circuit; 21. a tank circuit; 22. a control circuit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a damping adjustable electrorheological fluid shock absorber based on piezoelectric self-powered, which uses the energy converted by piezoelectric in the power supply of a coil and electrorheological fluid, can greatly improve the utilization rate of the energy, improves the shock absorption performance of the device and has the self-adaptive damping characteristic.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the present embodiment provides a damping adjustable electrorheological fluid shock absorber based on piezoelectric self-powered, which includes an outer cylinder 1, an inner cylinder 2, a piston 3, a coil 4, two piston rods 6, two surface springs 7, two end caps 5, two circuit systems and a plurality of piezoelectric patches 8, wherein the two end caps 5 are installed at two ends of the outer cylinder 1, the inner cylinder 2 is sleeved inside the outer cylinder 1, two ends of the inner cylinder 2 are respectively connected with the two end caps 5, electrorheological fluid is filled between the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2, the piston 3 is slidably installed inside the inner cylinder 2, the coil 4 is wound on the piston 3, two ends of the piston 3 are respectively installed with one piston rod 6, one end of each piston rod 6, which is far away from the piston 3, passes through one end cap 5 and is installed with one surface spring 7, the plurality of piezoelectric patches 8 are attached to each surface spring 7, when the piezoelectric patches 8 generate current by deformation, one end of a circuit system is connected with the piezoelectric sheet 8 on the surface spring 7, and the other end of the circuit system is connected with the coil 4, so that the energy of the piezoelectric sheet 8 is input into the coil 4; one end of the other circuit system is connected with the piezoelectric patch 8 on the other surface spring 7, the other end of the other circuit system is connected with the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2, energy of the piezoelectric patch 8 is input to the inner cylinder wall and the outer cylinder wall, the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 are made of conductive materials, the end cover 5 is made of insulating materials, and specifically, the end cover 5 is made of rubber materials.
Mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through the piezoelectric reverse effect of the piezoelectric patches 8, the electric energy is respectively supplied to the coil 4 and the inner and outer cylinder walls, electrorheological fluid is filled between the inner cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 1, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are sealed by the end cover 5 made of insulating materials, an external magnetic field is applied through the coil 4 to generate an electrorheological effect, variable damping can be obtained by adjusting the strength of the applied external magnetic field, meanwhile, the inner and outer cylinder walls are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the piezoelectric patches 8 to generate an electric field, the damping of the electrorheological fluid is further increased, the vibration absorber can realize that the piezoelectric self-power supplies the electric field and the magnetic field, an external power supply is not. The vibration absorber has certain self-adaptability, the stronger the excitation action of the external environment, the larger the deformation of the piezoelectric sheet 8, the larger the generated current, the enhancement of the magnetic field in the coil 4 and the electric field between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the larger the damping force generated by the electrorheological fluid. Therefore, the problems of small energy loss and small damping change range of the conventional electrorheological fluid shock absorber are solved.
In order to ensure that the face spring 7 only moves in the axial direction, the present embodiment further includes two limiting rods 9 and two guide rods 10, one end of each piston rod 6, which is far away from the piston 3, is fixed with one limiting rod 9, the diameter of the limiting rod 9 is smaller than that of the piston rod 6, one face spring 7 is sleeved outside each limiting rod 9, one end of each guide rod 10 is provided with a guide hole, the end part of each limiting rod 9 is slidably mounted in one guide hole, the guide hole is long enough for the limiting rod 9 to move, and two ends of the face spring 7 are respectively fixedly connected with the piston rod 6 and the guide rods 10.
The present embodiment further includes two protection springs 11, and one protection spring 11 is sleeved on one end of each piston rod 6 close to the piston 3. The protection spring 11 plays a certain damping effect, and simultaneously if the shock absorber is in an abnormal working state, the shock absorber plays a certain self-protection effect on the device through the damping of the protection springs 11 at the two ends, so that the device is prevented from being damaged due to abnormal working, and the accident rate is reduced.
In order to facilitate connection of the coil 4 with a circuit system, the embodiment further includes a first through hole 12, a second through hole 13 and a side hole 14, the first through hole 12 axially penetrates through a piston rod 6 and a limiting rod 9, the side wall of the limiting rod 9 is provided with the side hole 14, the piston 3 is provided with the second through hole 13, and one end of the circuit system sequentially penetrates through the side hole 14, the first through hole 12 and the second through hole 13 through conducting wires to be connected with two ends of the coil 4.
As shown in fig. 4-6, in order to facilitate the detachment and installation of the end cap 5, a first annular groove 15 and a second annular groove 16 are arranged on the inner side of the end cap 5, the inner cylinder 2 is clamped in the first annular groove 15, and the outer cylinder 1 is clamped in the second annular groove 16.
In order to facilitate connection between the outer barrel 1 and the inner barrel 2 and another circuit system, a first connection hole 17 and a second connection hole 18 are formed in the outer side of one end cover 5, the first connection hole 17 is communicated with the first annular groove 15, the second connection hole 18 is communicated with the second annular groove 16, and one end of another circuit system is connected with the inner barrel 2 by passing through the first connection hole 17 and passing through the second connection hole 18 through a wire.
The circuit system comprises an input lead interface, a rectifying circuit 19, a DC-DC circuit 20, an energy storage circuit 21, a control circuit 22 and an output lead interface which are connected in sequence. The input lead interface of a circuit system is connected with a piezoelectric plate 8 on a surface spring 7, and the output lead interface of the circuit system is connected with the coil 4; the input lead interface of the other circuit system is connected with the piezoelectric sheet 8 on the other surface spring 7, and the output lead interface of the circuit system is connected with the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2. Specifically, the circuit system further includes a rechargeable battery, and an output terminal of the DC-DC circuit 20 is connected to an input terminal of the rechargeable battery, and the rechargeable battery is used for supplying power to the rectifying circuit 19, the DC-DC circuit 20, the energy storage circuit 21 and the control circuit 22.
In this embodiment, the cross section of the face spring 7 is a hexagonal structure, and a plurality of piezoelectric patches 8 are respectively attached to four inclined faces of the face spring 7. When the whole structure vibrates, the vibration energy is concentrated on the four inclined planes, and when the four inclined planes are fully distributed with the piezoelectric sheets 8, the energy collection density can be high.
The specific working process is as follows: when the guide rod 10 is excited by the external environment, the piezoelectric sheet 8 attached to the surface of the guide rod is deformed by the exciting force through the deformation of the surface spring 7, and when the piezoelectric sheet 8 is deformed to the maximum value, that is, the generated voltage reaches the maximum value or the minimum value, the circuit system is conducted and starts to work. Firstly, the rectifying circuit 19 converts alternating current converted by energy into direct current, the DC-DC circuit 20 realizes voltage matching with a subsequent circuit through voltage conversion, the energy storage circuit 21 finishes energy storage, and then the control circuit 22 outputs the stored energy to the coil 4 and the inner and outer cylinder walls in a positive and negative voltage mode through a switch control law, so that a magnetic field and an electric field are respectively formed between the coil 4 and the inner and outer cylinder walls, and the damping of the electrorheological fluid is changed. When the displacement of the vibration control mechanism reaches an extreme value, the piezoelectric sheet 8 does not deform at a moment, no pressure difference exists between the two ends, the circuit switch is disconnected, and the control of one period is completed.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A damping adjustable electrorheological fluid shock absorber based on piezoelectric self-powered is characterized by comprising an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a piston, a coil, two piston rods, two face springs, two end covers, two circuit systems and a plurality of piezoelectric patches, wherein the two end covers are installed at two ends of the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is sleeved in the outer cylinder, two ends of the inner cylinder are respectively connected with the two end covers, electrorheological fluid is filled between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the electrorheological fluids at the inner side and the outer side of the inner cylinder are communicated, the piston is slidably installed in the inner cylinder, the coil is wound on the piston, two ends of the piston are respectively provided with one piston rod, one end of each piston rod, far away from the piston, penetrates through one end cover and is provided with one face spring, and each face spring is pasted with a plurality of piezoelectric patches, one end of the circuit system is connected with the piezoelectric sheet on one face spring, and the other end of the circuit system is connected with the coil; one end of the other circuit system is connected with the piezoelectric sheet on the other face spring, the other end of the other circuit system is connected with the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are made of conductive materials, and the end cover is made of insulating materials.
2. The piezoelectric self-powered damping adjustable electrorheological fluid damper according to claim 1, further comprising two limiting rods and two guide rods, wherein one end of each piston rod, which is away from the piston, is fixed with one limiting rod, the diameter of the limiting rod is smaller than that of the piston rod, one face spring is sleeved outside each limiting rod, one end of each guide rod is provided with a guide hole, the end of each limiting rod is slidably mounted in one guide hole, and two ends of each face spring are respectively fixedly connected with the piston rod and the guide rod.
3. The piezoelectric self-powered damping adjustable electrorheological fluid damper according to claim 1, further comprising two protection springs, wherein one protection spring is sleeved on one end of each piston rod close to the piston.
4. The piezoelectric self-powered damping adjustable electrorheological fluid shock absorber according to claim 2, further comprising a first through hole, a second through hole and a side hole, wherein the first through hole axially penetrates through one of the piston rods and one of the limiting rods, the side hole is formed in a side wall of the limiting rod, the second through hole is formed in the piston, and one end of a circuit system sequentially penetrates through the side hole, the first through hole and the second through hole to be connected with the coil.
5. The piezoelectric self-powered damping adjustable electrorheological fluid damper is characterized in that a first annular groove and a second annular groove are formed in the inner side of the end cover, the inner cylinder is clamped in the first annular groove, and the outer cylinder is clamped in the second annular groove.
6. The piezoelectric self-powered damping tunable electrorheological fluid damper according to claim 5, wherein one end cap is provided at an outer side thereof with a first connection hole and a second connection hole, the first connection hole is communicated with the first annular groove, the second connection hole is communicated with the second annular groove, and one end of the other circuit system is connected with the inner cylinder through the first connection hole and with the outer cylinder through the second connection hole by a wire.
7. The piezoelectric self-powered damping adjustable electrorheological fluid damper according to claim 1, wherein the circuit system comprises an input lead interface, a rectification circuit, a DC-DC circuit, an energy storage circuit, a control circuit and an output lead interface which are connected in sequence.
8. The piezoelectric self-powered damping adjustable electrorheological fluid damper according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the face spring is a hexagonal structure, and a plurality of piezoelectric patches are respectively attached to four inclined faces of the face spring.
CN201911064993.8A 2019-11-04 2019-11-04 Damping-adjustable electrorheological fluid shock absorber based on piezoelectric self-power supply Active CN110762153B (en)

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CN111677808A (en) * 2020-06-15 2020-09-18 四川大学 Double-rod uncompensated air chamber symmetric self-powered electro-rheological fluid damper
CN112161516B (en) * 2020-09-11 2022-12-23 上海大学 Magnetic resistance electromagnetic damping and energy recovery device
CN115535335B (en) * 2022-10-27 2024-06-14 重庆大学 Preparation device and method of giant electrorheological fluid variable-rigidity elastic ball group

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JPH04175533A (en) * 1990-11-05 1992-06-23 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Displacement magnifying mechanism for piezoelectric actuator
JPH08177939A (en) * 1994-12-21 1996-07-12 Tokico Ltd Damping force adjusting type rotary damper
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