CN110761912A - Cylinder sleeve, engine with same and design method of cylinder sleeve - Google Patents
Cylinder sleeve, engine with same and design method of cylinder sleeve Download PDFInfo
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- CN110761912A CN110761912A CN201911361537.XA CN201911361537A CN110761912A CN 110761912 A CN110761912 A CN 110761912A CN 201911361537 A CN201911361537 A CN 201911361537A CN 110761912 A CN110761912 A CN 110761912A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/18—Other cylinders
- F02F1/20—Other cylinders characterised by constructional features providing for lubrication
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of engines, and particularly relates to a cylinder sleeve, an engine with the cylinder sleeve and a design method of the cylinder sleeve. The cylinder sleeve comprises a cylinder sleeve body, wherein a first lubricating area and a second lubricating area located below the first lubricating area are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve body, a plurality of first pits are formed in the first lubricating area, a plurality of second pits are formed in the second lubricating area, and the diameter-depth ratio of the first pits is smaller than that of the second pits. According to the cylinder sleeve, the first small and deep concave pit is arranged on the first lubricating area, the oil film of the first lubricating area is increased, so that the friction force of the first lubricating area is reduced, the condition that a piston or the cylinder sleeve is worn prematurely is avoided, the second large and shallow concave pit is arranged on the second lubricating area, one part of lubricating oil enters the large and shallow concave pit, and the thickness of the oil film distributed in the second lubricating area is reduced under the condition that the oil scraping capacity of a piston ring is constant, so that the motion resistance of the piston is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engines, and particularly relates to a cylinder sleeve, an engine with the cylinder sleeve and a design method of the cylinder sleeve.
Background
The piston type internal combustion engine works through the reciprocating motion of a piston in a cylinder sleeve, the friction between the cylinder sleeve and the piston and between the cylinder sleeve and the piston ring accounts for more than 50% of the total friction when the piston reciprocates, in order to effectively reduce the friction between the cylinder sleeve and the piston and between the cylinder sleeve and the piston ring, a texture technology is usually adopted to punch a hole in the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve so that lubricating oil is stored in the hole, the lubricating oil is used for increasing the lubrication between the cylinder sleeve and the piston and between the cylinder sleeve and the piston ring. Because the required lubrication condition of different lubricated district is different in the cylinder liner, and current cylinder liner mostly adopts same mode of punching to punch at the inner wall of whole cylinder liner, causes some lubricated regional oil films too thick, hinders the motion of piston, or causes some lubricated regional oil films too thin, increases the friction between cylinder liner and the piston, takes place the condition of too early wearing and tearing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve the problem that the existing cylinder sleeve structure is difficult to meet the lubricating requirement. The purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a cylinder sleeve, which comprises a cylinder sleeve body, wherein a first lubricating area and a second lubricating area positioned below the first lubricating area are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve body, a plurality of first pits are arranged on the first lubricating area, a plurality of second pits are arranged on the second lubricating area, and the ratio of the diameter to the depth of each first pit is smaller than that of each second pit.
According to the cylinder sleeve disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve body is provided with the first lubricating area and the second lubricating area, the pits with different diameter-depth ratios are arranged according to different lubricating areas, the first pit which is small and deep is arranged on the first lubricating area, and the oil film of the first lubricating area is increased, so that the friction force of the first lubricating area is reduced, and the condition that a piston or the cylinder sleeve is worn prematurely is avoided.
In addition, the cylinder liner according to the embodiment of the invention can also have the following technical characteristics:
in some embodiments of the present invention, the first dimples have a diameter of 20 to 80 microns and a depth of 4 to 10 microns.
In some embodiments of the invention, the diameter of the second recess is 0.15 to 0.5 times the diameter of the piston ring, and the depth of the second recess is 1 to 4 micrometers.
In some embodiments of the present invention, an area ratio of the plurality of first dimples to the first lubricating region is smaller than an area ratio of the plurality of second dimples to the second lubricating region.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first plurality of dimples occupy 10 to 20% of the area of the first lubrication region.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the second plurality of dimples occupy 30% to 70% of the area of the second lubrication region.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a roughness range of a region of the inner wall of the cylinder liner body where the first dimples and the second dimples are not provided is 2 μm or less.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first and second dimples are uniformly arranged in the first and second lubrication regions, respectively.
A second aspect of the invention proposes an engine comprising a cylinder head according to any one of the embodiments described above.
According to the engine provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first lubricating area and the second lubricating area are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve body, the pits with different diameter and depth ratios are arranged according to different lubricating areas, the first pit which is small and deep is arranged on the first lubricating area, and the oil film of the first lubricating area is increased, so that the friction force of the first lubricating area is reduced, the condition that the piston or the cylinder sleeve is worn prematurely is avoided, the second pit which is large and shallow is arranged on the second lubricating area, one part of lubricating oil enters the large and shallow pit, and the thickness of the oil film distributed in the second lubricating area is reduced under the condition that the oil scraping capacity of a piston ring is certain, so that the motion resistance of the piston is reduced.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a method for designing a cylinder liner, which is used for designing the cylinder liner according to any one of the embodiments described above, and includes the steps of:
s1, calculating the actual viscosity of the cylinder sleeve according to the measured temperature:
（1）
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is viscosity, T is measured temperature, a and c are constants;
and (3) calculating the load according to the cylinder pressure, the elasticity of the piston ring and the contact area of the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve:
load = (empirical coefficient x cylinder pressure + piston ring elastic force)/contact area of piston ring and cylinder sleeve (2)
Calculating a bearing coefficient according to the actually measured motion speed, load and viscosity of the piston:
bearing coefficient (liner lubrication coefficient) = viscosity speed/load (3)
S2: inputting different bearing coefficients into a friction testing machine to obtain related friction coefficients, drawing a Starbeck curve according to the bearing coefficients and the friction coefficients, distinguishing a boundary lubrication area and a mixed lubrication area through a first inflection point of the Starbeck curve, and distinguishing the mixed lubrication area and a dynamic pressure lubrication area through a second inflection point;
s3: drawing a first curve according to the relation between the bearing coefficient and the crank angle, drawing a second curve according to the piston stroke and the crank angle, bringing the value of the second inflection point into the first curve to correspond to the value of the corresponding crank angle, and bringing the value of the crank angle into the second curve to obtain the corresponding value of the piston stroke, so as to obtain the position of the dynamic pressure lubrication area corresponding to the cylinder sleeve;
s4: shallow and large pits are machined in a dynamic pressure lubrication area on the cylinder sleeve, and deep and small pits are machined in a boundary lubrication area and a mixed lubrication area on the cylinder sleeve.
According to the design method of the cylinder sleeve, firstly, the bearing coefficient is calculated according to the existing parameters, then, the relation between the bearing coefficient and the friction coefficient is obtained through a friction testing machine, inflection points of different lubricating areas are found, the inflection points are brought into a curve of the bearing coefficient and the crank angle, the piston stroke and the crank angle, the positions of the different lubricating areas corresponding to the cylinder sleeve are obtained, and finally, different pits are machined in the different lubricating areas of the cylinder sleeve through a texture technology. The cylinder sleeve obtained by the design method is provided with the pits with different diameter-depth ratios according to different lubricating areas, the first small and deep pit is arranged on the first lubricating area, the oil film increase of the first lubricating area is increased, so that the friction force of the first lubricating area is reduced, the condition of premature wear of a piston or the cylinder sleeve is avoided, the second large and shallow pit is arranged on the second lubricating area, one part of lubricating oil enters the large and shallow pit, and the thickness of the oil film distributed in the second lubricating area is reduced under the condition that the oil scraping capacity of a piston ring is certain, so that the motion resistance of the piston is reduced.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a cylinder liner configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of a Stockey curve;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the lubricating coefficient of the cylinder liner in the power stroke and the crank angle and the stroke of the piston.
The reference symbols in the drawings denote the following:
100: a cylinder liner body;
10: first lubrication region, 11: a first pit;
20: second lubrication region, 21: and a second pit.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," and "having" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from a second region, layer or section. Terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.
For convenience of description, spatially relative terms, such as "inner", "outer", "lower", "below", "upper", "above", and the like, may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" or "over" the other elements or features. Thus, the example term "below … …" can include both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
As shown in fig. 1, a first aspect of the present invention provides a cylinder liner, which includes a cylinder liner body 100, wherein a first lubrication region 10 and a second lubrication region 20 located below the first lubrication region 10 are disposed on an inner wall of the cylinder liner body 100, a plurality of first recesses 11 are disposed on the first lubrication region 10, a plurality of second recesses 21 are disposed on the second lubrication region 20, and a ratio of a diameter to a depth of the first recesses 11 is smaller than a ratio of a diameter to a depth of the second recesses 21.
According to the cylinder liner of the embodiment of the invention, the first lubricating area 10 and the second lubricating area 20 are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder liner body 100, the pits with different ratios of diameters to depths are arranged according to different lubricating areas, the first pit 11 which is small and deep is arranged on the first lubricating area 10, and the oil film of the first lubricating area is increased, so that the friction force of the first lubricating area is reduced, the condition that a piston or the cylinder liner is worn prematurely is avoided, the second pit 21 which is large and shallow is arranged on the second lubricating area 20, one part of lubricating oil enters the large and shallow pit, and the thickness of the oil film distributed in the second lubricating area is reduced under the condition that the oil scraping capacity of a piston ring is certain, so that the motion resistance of the piston is reduced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the diameter of the first concave pit 11 is 20 micrometers to 80 micrometers, and the depth of the first concave pit 11 is 4 micrometers to 10 micrometers, and through a lot of experiments, it is verified that the concave pit with the diameter and the depth of the first concave pit 20 in the range forming the ratio of the diameter to the depth can meet the requirement of oil storage, and at the same time, the thickness of the oil film of the first lubrication region 10 can be ensured.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the diameter of the second concave pit 21 is 0.15 to 0.5 times the diameter of the piston ring, so as to prevent the piston ring from being stuck in the second concave pit 21 when the piston moves, and affecting the normal movement of the piston, the depth of the second concave pit 21 is determined according to the roughness of the cylinder hole, the depth of the second concave pit 21 is selected to be 0.5 to 2 times the value of the roughness RZ of the reticulation, that is, the depth of the second concave pit 21 is 1 to 4 micrometers, and through a large number of tests, the diameter range and the depth range of the second concave pit 21 ensure that the oil film of the second lubrication area 20 does not obstruct the movement of the piston.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the area ratio of the plurality of first dimples 11 to the first lubrication region 10 is smaller than the area ratio of the plurality of second dimples 21 to the second lubrication region 20. The smaller the area of the first lubrication region 10 occupied by the plurality of first dimples 11 is, the stronger the strength of the first lubrication region 10 is, the stronger the wear resistance is, and the higher the reliability is. The larger the area of the second lubrication region 20 occupied by the second recesses 21 is, the smaller the contact area between the piston ring and the cylinder liner body 100 is, and the smaller the frictional force is.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of first dimples 11 occupy 10 to 20% of the area of the first lubrication region 10. Through a large number of tests, the area ratio of the first pits 11 to the first lubricating area 10 is in the range, so that the strength, the wear resistance and the reliability of the first lubricating area 10 can be ensured.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of second dimples 21 occupy 30 to 70% of the area of the second lubrication region 20. Through a large number of tests, the area ratio of the second pits 21 to the second lubricating area 20 is in the range, so that the contact area between the second lubricating area 20 and a piston ring, the friction force and the oil film thickness can be ensured.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the roughness range of the areas of the inner wall of the cylinder liner not provided with the first pits 11 and the second pits 21 is 2 microns or less. Before the first concave pit 11 and the second concave pit 21 are machined, the ten-point average roughness of the inner wall of the cylinder liner body 100 is machined to RZ less than or equal to 2 micrometers so as to reduce the friction between the inner wall of the cylinder liner body 100 and a piston ring.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first pits 11 are uniformly arranged in the first lubrication region 10, the second pits 21 are uniformly arranged in the second lubrication region 20, and the uniform arrangement of the first pits 11 and the second pits 21 can ensure uniform stress on the piston ring and the cylinder liner body 100, so as to avoid damage to the piston ring and the cylinder liner body 100 due to local stress.
A second aspect of the invention proposes an engine comprising a cylinder head according to any of the embodiments described above.
According to the engine of the embodiment of the invention, the first lubricating area 10 and the second lubricating area 20 are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve body 100, the pits with different diameter and depth ratios are arranged according to different lubricating areas, the first pit 11 with small and deep is arranged on the first lubricating area 10, and the oil film of the first lubricating area is increased, so that the friction force of the first lubricating area is reduced, the condition that the piston or the cylinder sleeve is worn prematurely is avoided, the second pit 21 with large and shallow is arranged on the second lubricating area 20, part of lubricating oil enters the large and shallow pit, and the oil film distributed in the second lubricating area is reduced in thickness under the condition that the oil scraping capacity of a piston ring is constant, so that the motion resistance of the piston is reduced.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a method for designing a cylinder liner according to any one of the embodiments, including the steps of:
s1, calculating the actual viscosity of the cylinder sleeve according to the measured temperature:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is viscosity, T is measured temperature, a and c are constants;
and (3) calculating the load according to the cylinder pressure, the elasticity of the piston ring and the contact area of the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve:
load = (empirical coefficient x cylinder pressure + piston ring elastic force)/contact area of piston ring and cylinder sleeve (2)
Calculating the bearing coefficient according to the motion speed of the piston:
bearing coefficient (liner lubrication coefficient) = viscosity speed/load (3)
S2: inputting different bearing coefficients into a friction tester to obtain related friction coefficients, drawing a Starbeck curve (shown in figure 2) according to the relationship between the bearing coefficients and the friction coefficients, and setting the bearing coefficient of the Starbeck curve to be 2 x 10-9The first inflection point of (A) distinguishes a boundary lubrication region from a mixed lubrication region by a bearing coefficient of 3 x 10-8The second inflection point of (2) distinguishes a mixed lubrication region from a dynamic pressure lubrication region;
s3, drawing a first curve (as shown in figure 3) with a crank angle as an abscissa and a bearing coefficient as an ordinate according to the motion speed of the piston ring and the bearing coefficient as an abscissa according to the bearing coefficient and the crank angle, drawing a second curve (as shown in figure 3) with the crank angle as an abscissa and the piston stroke as an ordinate according to the relationship between the piston stroke and the crank angle, bringing the value of a second inflection point into the first curve corresponding to the value of the crank angle, bringing the value of the crank angle into the second curve to obtain a corresponding value of the piston stroke, thereby obtaining a position of a dynamic pressure lubrication region corresponding to a cylinder sleeve.
S4: shallow and large pits are machined in a dynamic pressure lubrication area on the cylinder sleeve, and deep and small pits are machined in a boundary lubrication area and a mixed lubrication area on the cylinder sleeve. Specifically, before the first pit 11 and the second pit 22 of the cylinder liner body 100 are not processed by the texture technology, the ten-point average roughness of the inner wall of the cylinder liner body 100 is processed to RZ of not more than 2 microns so as to reduce the friction between the inner wall of the cylinder liner body 100 and a piston ring. The second dimples 21 having a large diameter and a small depth are formed in the hydrodynamic lubrication region by laser processing or etching, and the first dimples 11 having a small diameter and a small depth are formed in the boundary lubrication region and the mixed lubrication region by laser processing or etching.
According to the design method of the cylinder sleeve, firstly, the bearing coefficient is calculated according to the existing parameters, then, the relation between the bearing coefficient and the friction coefficient is obtained through a friction testing machine, inflection points of different lubricating areas are found, the inflection points are brought into a curve of the bearing coefficient and the crank angle, the piston stroke and the crank angle, the positions of the different lubricating areas corresponding to the cylinder sleeve are obtained, and finally, different pits are machined in the different lubricating areas of the cylinder sleeve through a texture technology. According to the cylinder sleeve obtained by the design method, pits with different diameter-depth ratios are arranged according to different lubricating areas, a small and deep first pit 11 is arranged on a first lubricating area 10, oil film increase of the first lubricating area is increased, so that the friction force of the first lubricating area is reduced, the condition of premature wear of a piston or the cylinder sleeve is avoided, a large and shallow second pit 21 is arranged on a second lubricating area 20, part of lubricating oil enters the large and shallow pit, and the thickness of the oil film distributed in the second lubricating area is reduced under the condition of certain oil scraping capacity, so that the motion resistance of the piston is reduced.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are also included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The cylinder sleeve is characterized by comprising a cylinder sleeve body, wherein a first lubricating area and a second lubricating area located below the first lubricating area are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve body, a plurality of first pits are formed in the first lubricating area, a plurality of second pits are formed in the second lubricating area, and the ratio of the diameter to the depth of the first pits is smaller than the ratio of the diameter to the depth of the second pits.
2. The cylinder liner as defined in claim 1, wherein the first dimples have a diameter of 20 to 80 microns and a depth of 4 to 10 microns.
3. The cylinder liner as in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the second pocket is 0.15 to 0.5 times the diameter of the piston ring and the depth of the second pocket is 1 to 4 microns.
4. The cylinder liner as defined in claim 1, wherein a ratio of an area of said first plurality of dimples to said first lubrication region is less than a ratio of an area of said second plurality of dimples to said second lubrication region.
5. The cylinder liner as defined in claim 4, wherein the first plurality of dimples occupy 10% to 20% of the area of the first lubrication region.
6. The cylinder liner as defined in claim 4, wherein the second plurality of dimples occupy 30-70% of the area of the second lubrication region.
7. The cylinder liner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the roughness of the areas of the inner wall of the liner body not provided with the first dimples and the second dimples ranges from 2 μm or less.
8. The cylinder liner as defined in claim 1, wherein the first and second dimples are uniformly arranged in the first and second lubrication regions, respectively.
9. An engine, characterized by comprising a cylinder liner according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. A method of designing a cylinder liner, for designing a cylinder liner as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
s1, calculating the actual viscosity of the cylinder sleeve according to the measured temperature:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is viscosity, T is measured temperature, a and c are constants;
and (3) calculating the load according to the cylinder pressure, the elasticity of the piston ring and the contact area of the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve:
load = (empirical coefficient x cylinder pressure + piston ring elastic force)/contact area of piston ring and cylinder sleeve (2)
Calculating a bearing coefficient according to the actually measured motion speed, load and viscosity of the piston:
bearing coefficient (liner lubrication coefficient) = viscosity speed/load (3)
S2: inputting different bearing coefficients into a friction testing machine to obtain related friction coefficients, drawing a Starbeck curve according to the bearing coefficients and the friction coefficients, distinguishing a boundary lubrication area and a mixed lubrication area through a first inflection point of the Starbeck curve, and distinguishing the mixed lubrication area and a dynamic pressure lubrication area through a second inflection point;
s3: drawing a first curve according to the relation between the bearing coefficient and the crank angle, drawing a second curve according to the piston stroke and the crank angle, bringing the value of the second inflection point into the first curve to correspond to the value of the corresponding crank angle, and bringing the value of the crank angle into the second curve to obtain the corresponding value of the piston stroke, so as to obtain the position of the dynamic pressure lubrication area corresponding to the cylinder sleeve;
s4: shallow and large pits are machined in a dynamic pressure lubrication area on the cylinder sleeve, and deep and small pits are machined in a boundary lubrication area and a mixed lubrication area on the cylinder sleeve.
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| CN111520248A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-08-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Bionic distributed cylinder sleeve surface texture structure |
| CN111520249A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-08-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Cylinder sleeve surface texture structure with rhombic distribution |
| CN112228236A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-15 | 江苏大学 | Internal combustion engine cylinder sleeve and machining method thereof |
| CN113323764A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-08-31 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Cylinder sleeve, cylinder and engine |
| CN113441703A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-28 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Preparation method of steel cylinder sleeve and steel cylinder sleeve |
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| CN112228236B (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-11-05 | 江苏大学 | Internal combustion engine cylinder sleeve and machining method thereof |
| CN113323764A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-08-31 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Cylinder sleeve, cylinder and engine |
| CN113323764B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-08-23 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Cylinder sleeve, cylinder and engine |
| CN113441703A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-28 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Preparation method of steel cylinder sleeve and steel cylinder sleeve |
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| CN110761912B (en) | 2020-05-26 |
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